Journal of endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Guidelines for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0099-2399(25)00476-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0099-2399(25)00476-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages A13-A15, A18-A19, A22-A23, A26"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthognathic Surgery and its Relationship on Pulpal Blood Flow and Pulp Sensibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Oscar Lozano González DDS ,&nbsp;Marco Felipe Salas Orozco DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Nuria Patiño Marín DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Noé Gustavo Martínez Cuellar PhD ,&nbsp;Jaime Trigueros Mancera DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This systematic review<span> and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of orthognathic surgery (OS) on pulp sensibility and pulpal blood flow (PBF).</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. A comprehensive search was conducted in multiple databases covering studies published up to August 2024 to include both peer-reviewed studies and gray literature. The included studies reported on pulp blood flow and sensitivity following OS, with preoperative values used as control measurements. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool for nonrandomized studies, and the GRADE tool was applied to evaluate the certainty of the evidence. A random-effects model meta-analysis was conducted to account for variability across studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen studies were included, with an overall “Moderate” quality assessed by ROBINS-I. The GRADE assessment indicated that the certainty of evidence was low overall due to serious concerns regarding the risk of bias and inconsistency. A significant reduction in PBF was observed in the OS group at all-time points. The primary analysis at 3 months reported a standard mean difference (SMD) of −2.20 (95% CI: −3.98 to −0.41), with substantial heterogeneity (I² = 91%). Subgroup analysis, excluding studies contributing to heterogeneity, yielded a SMD of −0.59 (95% CI: −1.09 to −0.10), reducing I² to 0%. At 6 months, the SMD was −1.75 (95% CI: −2.96 to −0.54; <em>P</em> &lt; .05), with high heterogeneity (I² = 89%). Subgroup analysis reduced heterogeneity to 0%, but the effect size decreased (SMD: −0.50, 95% CI: −0.90 to −0.10; <em>P</em> &lt; .05). At 12 months, the pooled SMD was −1.99 (95% CI: −3.30 to −0.67), with moderate heterogeneity (I² = 76%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This meta-analysis provides evidence of the impact of OS on PBF and pulp sensibility. It demonstrates an initial reduction in both parameters, followed by a progressive trend toward recovery. However, BF values remain lower in OS patients compared to controls, and substantial heterogeneity was observed across studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 1157-1169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights Into the September 2025 Issue of the JOE","authors":"Anita Aminoshariae DDS, MS,&nbsp;Amir Azarpazhooh DDS, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C),&nbsp;Gerald N. Glickman DDS, MS, MBA, JD,&nbsp;Jianing He DMD, PhD,&nbsp;Sahng G. Kim DDS, MS,&nbsp;Anil Kishen BDS, MDS, PhD,&nbsp;Ariadne M. Letra DDS, MS, PhD,&nbsp;Linda Levin DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Ronald Ordinola-Zapata,&nbsp;Frank C. Setzer DMD, PhD, MS,&nbsp;Franklin R. Tay BDSc(Hons), PhD,&nbsp;Kenneth M. Hargreaves DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 1133-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Methods of Heating Sodium Hypochlorite Irrigating Solution on the External Root Surface Temperature","authors":"Amr M. Elhenawy BDS ,&nbsp;Sybel M. Moussa PhD ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Alnakeeb PhD ,&nbsp;Salma Genena PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this study was to examine the temperature changes on the external root surface across coronal, middle, and apical root thirds upon intracanal and extracanal heating of 5.25% NaOCl.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventeen mandibular premolar teeth<span> were trimmed to a length of 20 mm and prepared up to the X3 file of the Protaper Next rotary system. To measure temperatures on different thirds of the external root surface, 3 thermocouples were positioned outside the root. Irrigation was performed by heating the irrigation solution with different methods (room temperature, preheated to 50 °C, intracanal heating at 180 °C for 8 seconds). Temperature changes occurring on different root thirds were recorded and subjected to statistical analysis.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using the irrigation solution, either extracanal or intracanal heated, resulted in a significant increase in root surface temperatures compared to using at room temperature (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). In intracanal heating group, coronal and middle thirds showed significant increase in root surface temperatures compared to apical third (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). However, in extracanal heating and room temperature groups, coronal third showed significant increase in root surface temperatures compared to middle and apical thirds (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). None of the applications caused a temperature change on the root surface exceeding 10 °C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Heating of irrigation solution, either extracanal or intracanal, can significantly increase the temperature of the external root surface across its different thirds. Temperatures transmitted outside the root were considered safe for periodontal tissues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 1251-1257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Calcium Silicate Cement-based Sealer in Filling Lateral Root Canals: A Simulated Lateral Canal Study","authors":"Vinicius Leite Rosa-e-Silva DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Iago Ramirez DDS, MSc,&nbsp;Heitor Silva Prado DDS, MSc,&nbsp;Gustavo dos Santos Cardoso DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Igor Bassi Ferreira Petean DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To evaluate the filling capacity of calcium silicate cement-based or epoxy resin-based sealers in simulated lateral canals using different insertion techniques, through micro-computed tomography (μCT) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Forty human mandibular canines were instrumented with Reciproc R50 files, and two lateral canals were created in each root third (cervical, middle, and apical). An initial μCT scan was performed to determine the baseline volume of the lateral canals. The specimens were then randomly assigned to four groups (</span><em>n</em> = 10) based on the sealer type and insertion technique: AH-GPC (AH Plus Jet with insertion using a gutta-percha cone), BC-GPC (Bio-C Sealer with insertion using a gutta-percha cone), AH-AT (AH Plus Jet with insertion using an applicator tip), and BC-AT (Bio-C Sealer with insertion using an applicator tip). All specimens were obturated using the single-cone technique with an R50 cone. Following obturation, a second μCT scan was conducted for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the lateral canal filling, expressed as percentages and calculated by the difference between initial and final canal volumes. Data were statistically analyzed using three-way ANOVA with Tukey's posthoc test (<em>P</em> &lt; .05), and qualitative scores were compared using the chi-square test (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The BC-GPC and BC-AT groups demonstrated the highest filling percentages (90.5 ± 5.56% and 90.8 ± 6.65%, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the filling quality between the insertion techniques (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Qualitative analysis revealed that more than 50% of the lateral canals were filled across all groups, with no significant differences among groups or root thirds (<em>P</em> &gt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Bio-C Sealer achieved superior lateral canal filling compared to AH Plus Jet, regardless of the insertion technique. The choice of insertion technique did not significantly influence the overall filling quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 1242-1250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Biodentine Placement on Fracture Resistance and its Influence on Discoloration with Different Scaffolds","authors":"Evren Sarıyılmaz DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Öznur Sarıyılmaz DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Burak Çarıkçıoğlu DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Gülşah Uslu DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Raif Alan DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the fracture resistance of teeth that underwent <span><span>ex vivo</span></span><span><span><span> regenerative endodontic treatment using </span>Biodentine placed either above or below the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). Additionally, it examined the impact of different placement approaches, in combination with various scaffold materials (blood, platelet-rich fibrin [PRF], injectable PRF [i-PRF]), on </span>tooth discoloration over time.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span><span><span><span>Thirty-nine human maxillary incisors were divided into three groups. The control group consisted of intact teeth. In the two experimental groups, regenerative </span>endodontic procedures were simulated, and Biodentine was placed above or below the CEJ. Fracture resistance was evaluated after thermal and mechanical aging using a </span>chewing simulator. In the discoloration test, 96 human maxillary incisor teeth were selected. Roots were sectioned 10 mm apical to the CEJ and canal enlargement was performed Gates-Glidden burs. Teeth were grouped according to the placement level of Biodentine (above or below CEJ) and the type of scaffold materials used (blood, PRF, i-PRF, distilled water). Discoloration was assessed by using a spectrophotometer at baseline, 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey </span>post hoc tests independent </span><em>t</em>-tests were used to evaluate the effect of placement location on color change.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The fracture resistance of intact teeth was significantly higher than that of the group in which Biodentine was placed below the CEJ. Blood and blood-derived products resulted in greater discoloration compared to distilled water, whereas PRF induced less discoloration than blood. Furthermore, the placement of Biodentine above the CEJ led to significantly less discoloration at specific time points compared to its placement below the CEJ.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Positioning Biodentine above the CEJ may offer clinical advantages by potentially improving structural integrity while minimizing aesthetic concerns. When PRF is used as the scaffold material and Biodentine is placed coronally, tooth discoloration is minimized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 1199-1206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Side-vented Root Canal Irrigation Needle Design: Aperture Bevel Angle and Configuration Analysis using CFD and Multicriteria Decision Analysis with In Vitro Validation and C-shaped Canal Simulation","authors":"Jiayang Gao DDS ,&nbsp;Yuhua Dai DDS, MSD ,&nbsp;Ziteng Long DDS ,&nbsp;Yi Min DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Ya Shen DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Yuan Gao DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to enhance the efficacy and safety of root canal irrigation in #25/.06 canals by optimizing side-vented needle designs, focusing on bevel angle adjustments and sealing configurations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed on modified 30G side-vented needles with varying bevel angles and configurations (solid vs hollow). Metrics analyzed included irrigant exchange distance, apical pressure, wall shear stress and velocity distribution. Statistical regression analysis and the entropy-weighted TOPSIS method were applied to find the optimized needle designs. The optimized needle and the standard needle were placed in a C-shaped canal model for computational fluid dynamic simulations. Modified side-vented root canal irrigation needles were also evaluated <em>in vitro</em> for performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Solid-bevel needles outperformed hollow-bevel designs, achieving up to a 35% increase in irrigant exchange distance compared to standard needles. Medium bevel angles in solid-bevel needles provided an optimal balance between efficient irrigant exchange and reduced apical pressure. Enlarging the canal dimensions further improved irrigation performance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Optimized solid-bevel needle designs significantly enhance irrigant distribution within root canals, with medium bevel angles demonstrating superior performance. Design modifications, such as enclosing the bevel surface below the aperture, present a promising avenue for improving irrigation efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 9","pages":"Pages 1285-1293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Perforating Internal Root Resorption in Mature Incisor with Laser-assisted Regenerative Endodontic Procedures.","authors":"Guoying Lu, Xiuqing Wang, Ruonan Chen, Yu Zeng, Xiaojing Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This report presented the successful application of laser-assisted regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) in managing perforating internal root resorption (PIRR) in a mature incisor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 24-year-old female with a history of trauma was referred for treatment of her maxillary anterior tooth. Clinical examination and cone-beam computed tomography imaging revealed that tooth #9 had PIRR with a lateral inflammatory lesion and thin canal walls. Consequently, a novel laser-assisted REPs was performed to treat PIRR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three-year follow-up showed apical healing, cessation of resorption, and hard tissue formation within the resorptive defect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This outcome demonstrated the efficacy of laser-assisted REPs for managing infection in mature teeth with PIRR, where bleeding from the apical foramen could be supplemented by blood flow through the lateral wall perforations, thereby enhancing the outcome of REPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Endodontic Disinfection by Combination of Laser and Nanobubble Technology.","authors":"Haosu Ci, BingCheng Xin, Andrew W Hubbard, Evan Hamilton, Chaz Ainsworth, Enrique R Bursian, Yuting Zhang, Yanhui Zhang, Brian R Morrow, Misako Nakashima, George J-T Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To investigate the combined use of laser, nanobubble water (NB-H₂O), and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) for endodontic disinfection, particularly in regenerative endodontic cases where maximum effectiveness is needed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Canal of human teeth were prepared, sterilized and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis). Teeth were assigned to 4 groups for two rounds of disinfection with Er,Cr: YSGG laser (Biolase). Group I - control, no disinfection, Group II - 6.25% NaOCl, Group III - 1.25% NaOCl, and Group IV - 1.25% NaOCl/NB-H₂O. Ca(OH)₂ was placed in the canal for ∼10 days between the two disinfection rounds. Teeth were evaluated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for biofilm removal and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) to detect live/dead bacteria in the dentinal tubules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SEM analysis of the canal disinfection indicated that the NB-H₂O group (1.25% NaOCl/NB-H₂O) appeared to enhance the removal of biofilm/smear layer. However, it was not consistently more effective than other groups in killing the bacteria in the dentinal tubules. The combined use of low-concentration NaOCl, laser, NB-H₂O and Ca(OH)₂ largely reduced E. faecalis but did not achieve complete eradication from the canal or in the dentinal tubules.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our comprehensive disinfection protocol reduced the bacteria in the dentinal tubules to a level potentially suited for regenerative endodontic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Signaling Pathways in Root Resorption: Linking Inflammation, Odontoclastogenesis, and Tissue Remodeling.","authors":"Golriz Rostami, Rajeshwari Hadagalu Revana Siddappa, Anil Kishen","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Root resorption is a pathologic process characterized by the breakdown of dentin and cementum by odontoclasts, mirroring the mechanisms of osteoclast-driven bone resorption. Osteoclastogenesis is tightly regulated by the RANK/RANKL/OPG axis and other signaling pathways, including Wnt, ATP-P2RX7-IL-1, programmed cell death, and inflammasome activation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the key signaling pathways and molecular mediators orchestrating root resorption in orthodontic, traumatic, and inflammatory conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature-based analysis was conducted, focusing on molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in root resorption. Key pathways such as RANK/RANKL/OPG, Wnt signaling, ATP-P2RX7-IL-1, and inflammasome activation were examined. The role of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and periostin were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Proinflammatory mediators such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 drive odontoclastic differentiation, whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor-beta, counteract resorptive activity. Additionally, matrix metalloproteinases and periostin modulate extracellular matrix remodeling, impacting resorption progression. The balance between resorptive and reparative processes is influenced by the inflammatory microenvironment, fibroblast-macrophage interactions, and mechanotransduction. While the molecular mechanisms underlying odontoclastogenesis parallel bone resorption, unique features of root structures, such as the cementoid layer, contribute to resistance against resorption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intricate cross talk between pro-resorptive and antiresorptive factors, emphasizing their roles in odontoclast activation and extracellular matrix remodeling, dictate the extent of root degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144956550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}