Journal of endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Ultrasonic Irrigation on Bacterial Levels and Activity Following Chemomechanical Procedures","authors":"Carlos Goes Nogales DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Roberto Xavier Romero Cazares DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Laura Cristina Leite Nardello DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Marcia Pinto Alves Mayer DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Giulio Gavini DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Matthias Zehnder Dr. med. dent., PhD ,&nbsp;Ericka Tavares Pinheiro DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This single-arm interventional trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of ultrasonic irrigation as a supplementary disinfection approach after chemomechanical procedures (CMP) using molecular techniques based on ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and rRNA genes (referred to as DNA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Samples were collected from 35 single-rooted teeth with radiographic evidence of apical periodontitis. Samples were taken after gaining root canal access (S1), (S2), and ultrasonic irrigation (S3). DNA-targeted quantitative polymerase chain reaction using universal primers was used to estimate total bacterial levels, while rRNA-targeted quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess bacterial activity. Ratios between rRNA and DNA levels were calculated to search for active bacteria in the samples (rRNA/DNA ≥ 1). Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test was used to compare the differences in DNA levels between samples and DNA and rRNA levels within samples (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DNA-based methods revealed a significant decrease in bacterial levels from S1 to S2 and S2 to S3 (both <em>P</em> &lt; .05). Notably, 11 out of 35 (31.4%) root canals did not harbor bacterial DNA after CMP, whereas ultrasonic activation increased DNA-negative samples to 17 (48.6%). However, all DNA-positive samples were also positive for rRNA, with significantly higher rRNA than DNA levels (<em>P</em> &lt; .05), indicating bacterial activity at the sampling time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ultrasonic irrigation improved the disinfection of root canals after CMP by reducing bacterial levels. However, persisting bacteria remained active in the root canals after CMP and ultrasonic irrigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142288958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associate Registry","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0099-2399(25)00047-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0099-2399(25)00047-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 222-253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143327940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Methodological Study on Microbial In Vivo Sampling Methods of Root Canal Microbiota for Next-Generation Gene Sequencing Analysis","authors":"David Donnermeyer PD Dr. med. dent. ,&nbsp;Johannes Matern Dr. med. dent. ,&nbsp;Karola Prior Dr. rer. medic. ,&nbsp;Madgalena Ibing Dr. med. dent. ,&nbsp;Daniel Hagenfeld PD Dr. med. dent. ,&nbsp;Edgar Schäfer Prof. Dr. med. dent. ,&nbsp;Sebastian Bürklein Prof. Dr. med. dent. ,&nbsp;Dag Harmsen Prof. Dr. med. ,&nbsp;Benjamin Ehmke Prof. Dr. med. dent.","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim was to evaluate the suitability of paper points or endodontic nickel-titanium files to sample microorganisms for <em>in vivo</em> investigation of endodontic microbiota by 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty-five patients presenting clinical and radiological signs of apical periodontitis were recruited for sampling, giving their written informed consent. Glide paths were assessed using C-Pilot Files and K-Files under electronic root canal length control under aseptic conditions. Microbial samples were taken from 84 root canals in duplicate, the first sample with a sterile paper point (size 15), the second with a sterile file (size 20/.06). After DNA extraction, the hypervariable region V4 of the bacterial 16 S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced (Illumina MiSeq). Sequencing data were trimmed with Cutadapt and exact amplicon sequence variants generated by DADA2. Taxonomy was assigned based on the Human Oral Microbiome Database (eHOMD). Statistical analysis of diversity parameters comprised Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). Compositional differences were evaluated by differential abundance analysis (DESeq2). Microbial contamination during the sampling process and analysis were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Concerning alpha diversity, richness and dissimilarity differed nonsignificantly between paper point and instrument samples (<em>P</em> &gt; .05), whereas a significant difference was observed in the Shannon index (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Regarding beta diversity, paper point and instrument samples presented with similar microbial community compositions (<em>P</em> = 1.0, PERMANOVA). Paper point controls contained significantly higher proportions of Pseudomonadales (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Paper point and endodontic instrument sampling generate valid specimens for 16S rDNA community profiling. Endodontic instrument sampling is easier to execute and, therefore, could be the technique of choice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 164-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Management of Orofacial Trauma Including Multiple Avulsions, Lateral Luxation, and Alveolar Fracture: A Case Report with 7-Years of Follow-Up","authors":"Filipe Colombo Vitali DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Gabriela Ribeiro Sumar DDS,&nbsp;Julia Menezes Savaris DDS, MSc,&nbsp;Charles Marin DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The occurrence of different types of trauma concomitantly can complicate the establishment of the most appropriate treatment. This report describes the clinical management of orofacial trauma including multiple avulsions, lateral luxation, alveolar fracture, and their sequelae after 7 years of follow-up. A 19-year-old woman presented to emergency care 4 hours after an accidental fall that resulted in the avulsion of teeth #8, #9, and #25; a complicated crown fracture and lateral luxation of tooth #7; an uncomplicated crown fracture of tooth #10; and a fracture of the maxillary alveolar bone. Only teeth #8 and #9 were located by the patient. The immediate treatment included surgical reduction and extrusion of the lateral luxation, delayed replantation of the avulsed central incisors, nonrigid splint stabilization, and suturing of gingival lacerations. Subsequent visits involved removal of the splint, root canal treatment of the maxillary incisors, implant placement to replace the avulsed mandibular incisor, and esthetic rehabilitation with composite resin. At the 5-year follow-up, cone beam computed tomography revealed advanced surface root resorption in the replanted incisors. At the 7-year follow-up, an aggravation of inflammatory resorption in the replanted incisors was observed. This report demonstrates that adequate knowledge of trauma management by clinicians is essential for the effective management of more complex cases. It also highlights the importance of long-term follow-up in cases of avulsion and replantation due to potential long-term sequelae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 213-221.e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Markers in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid Associated with External Invasive Resorption: A Split-Mouth Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Matthew Malek DDS,&nbsp;Laura Steff DDS,&nbsp;Nikita Vakil DDS,&nbsp;Rathimala Jothilingam DDS,&nbsp;Sunna Huh DDS,&nbsp;Tiffany Chien DDS,&nbsp;Rachel Halpern DDS,&nbsp;Nihan Gencerliler MPH ,&nbsp;Ozge Erdoğan DDS, DMSc ,&nbsp;Kamolthip Songtrakul DDS, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), interleukin-1β, osteopontin, and tissue necrotizing factor-α in teeth with external invasive resorption (EIR) in comparison to the contralateral healthy tooth of the same patient.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-nine patients with at least one tooth with EIR and a healthy tooth on the contralateral side (33 paired teeth) were included. Data on patient demographics and medical and dental history were collected. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected from the subject and control teeth. Clinical, radiographical, and cone-beam computed tomography examinations were performed. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare biomarker concentrations, RANKL/OPG, and IL-1RA/interleukin-1β ratios in the diseased and healthy teeth. Teeth pairs were grouped based on Heithersay and Patel's classification, and the differences in biomarker concentrations between diseased and healthy teeth were compared using a Kruskal–Wallis test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Teeth with EIR had significantly lower concentrations of IL-1RA and OPG compared to their respective healthy control teeth (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). The RANKL/OPG ratio in teeth with EIR was significantly higher than in their paired healthy teeth (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). A history of herpes zoster infection was associated with a higher IL-1RA concentration and RANKL/OPG ratio (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Orthodontic treatment was significantly associated with lower OPG concentration (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a significant association between EIR and specific biological markers. A history of orthodontic treatment and herpes zoster infection are significantly associated with altered levels of biomarkers in the gingival crevicular fluid.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 150-156.e1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of pH on the Piezoelectric Properties of Dentin in Root Canal Treated Teeth: Implications for Dental Materials and Oral Health","authors":"Mohammad Ali Saghiri BS, MS, DEng, PhD ,&nbsp;Mina Shekarian DDS ,&nbsp;Fatereh Samadi DDS ,&nbsp;David S. Briss DMD, FRCD(C) ,&nbsp;Salvatore Napoli DDS, MD, FACS ,&nbsp;Michael Conte DMD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of pH on the dentin piezoelectric response in root canal treated teeth.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Thirty extracted mandibular canines were selected by simple random sampling and based on specific inclusion criteria. The middle third of each root was cut into cubic specimens of approximately 2 mm × 2 mm x 4 mm. The prepared samples were soaked in 17% EDTA and 1% sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute. The sections were rinsed in distilled water, dried immediately, and then randomly allocated into 3 groups of 10 each. Samples in each group were soaked in one of 3 solutions with pH 4.4, 7.4, or 10.4 for 5 min. A compression load was applied by a universal mechanical testing machine. The 8000-8-SM scanner detected the potential generated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences were observed among the groups when the force was applied vertical to the dentinal tubules (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). However, all subgroups indicated significant differences when the force was applied along the dentinal tubules (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). When the force was applied along to the tubules, the mean dentin piezoelectricity was higher in the alkaline, neutral, and acidic groups, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated that the piezoelectric properties of dentin in root canal treated teeth can be influenced by variations in pH, depending on the direction of force applied to the dentinal tubules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 195-199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Relationships Between Circulating Interleukins and Pulp and Periapical Diseases: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Yuqiang Wang DDS, MSc,&nbsp;Jiakang Zhu DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Yueli Zhou DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Ying Tang DDS, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Cui Huang DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the links of genetic predisposition among 13 common circulating interleukins (ILs) and endodontic diseases by using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Single nucleotide polymorphisms were chosen as instrumental variables from summary data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), using the inverse-variance–weighted method as the primary analysis. In addition, a variety of sensitivity analyses was conducted to evaluate the resilience of the primary outcomes and identify any inherent pleiotropic effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After multiple comparison corrections, 4 circulating ILs were genetically predicted to significantly play a role in endodontic diseases. Among these, circulating IL-17 (odds ratio [OR]_IVW, 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–1.54; <em>P</em> &lt; 3.85 × 10⁻³) were significantly identified as potential risk-increasing factors toward pulp and periapical diseases, and circulating IL-16 (OR_IVW, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.83 to 0.94; <em>P</em> &lt; 3.85 × 10⁻³) may exert protective effects on the development of periapical abscess. In the reverse analyses, null significantly association was found between genetic liability to endodontics disorders and the corresponding circulating inflammatory biomarkers. Overall, sensitivity analyses were consistent with the estimates direction of primary analyses results, supporting the reliability of findings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Given the unavoidable limitations presented in this study, our findings provided significant evidence to support the identification of elevated IL-16 levels as a potential risk-mitigating factor, whereas elevated IL-17 levels exhibit potentially deleterious effects on endodontic disorders. Future validation is warranted to examine the conclusions of our study and to evaluate the potential application of these circulating ILs as lifestyle or pharmacological targets for oral health care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 132-139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Links between Nosocomial Endodontic Infections and Bacteremia Associated with Apical Periodontitis and Endodontic Treatment","authors":"Abdulaziz Bakhsh BDS, MclinDent, MEndo RCSEd, PhD ,&nbsp;David Moyes BSc, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Francesco Mannocci MD, DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Gordon Proctor BSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Sadia Niazi BDS, MSc, PhD, MEndo (RCSEd, RCS End)","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nosocomial endodontic infections can cause treatment failure and are potential risk of bacteremia. This study is aimed to investigate bacteremia associated with apical periodontitis and immediate postendodontic treatment using next-generation sequencing. The study will also elucidate if the endodontic nosocomial pathogens are present in the blood microbiome.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Saliva, blood, and intracanal samples were collected from patients undergoing endodontic treatment (<em>n</em> = 65), while gloves samples were collected from the operator. Bacterial DNA was extracted and the targeted 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene was sequenced using the Illumina Miseq 300 platform for the V1-V2 hypervariable region. The alpha and beta diversities were carried out using the <em>phyloseq</em> package (version-1.36.0) in R (version-4.1). Differences in abundance and diversity were calculated using Mann-Whitney test. Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size was used to compare the biological relevance between different sample sources.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The phyla <em>firmicutes, actinobacteria, proteobacteria,</em> and <em>bacteroidetes</em> were identified from all sample sources. In blood and glove samples, <em>Cutibacterium</em> genus was highly abundant (14.6%, 17.7%, respectively), while in intracanal samples, <em>Enterococcus</em> took precedence (18.2%). Saliva samples exhibited <em>Prevotella</em> as the most abundant genera (17.9%). Common genera were present between intracanal and postoperative blood samples. Circos graph showed that all the phyla identified from a patient were consistently present in all the samples investigated from the same patient.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nosocomial endodontic pathogens being predominant in both; gloves and blood samples, along with common genera present in all sample sources, suggests a potential pathway of transfer of pathogens from saliva to gloves, intracanal, and blood, thus providing evidence of nosocomial endodontic bacteremia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages 140-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142710292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0099-2399(25)00021-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0099-2399(25)00021-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 2","pages":"Pages A9-A11, A14-A16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143327801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Core Outcome Set in Endodontics (COS-ENDO). Part 2: COS-ENDO for Studies of Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment and Retreatment in Permanent Teeth.","authors":"Maryam Zanjir, Elaine Cardoso, Nicola L Harman, Ava Khansari, Hamid Jafarzadeh, Gevik Malkhassian, Mike Sabeti, Anita Aminoshariae, Anil Kishen, Joanna E M Sale, Prakesh S Shah, Amir Azarpazhooh","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Methodological heterogeneity and reporting bias complicate interpreting endodontic outcomes. Supported by the American Association of Endodontists and its Foundation, this study developed the Core Outcome Set in Endodontics (COS-ENDO) to standardize reporting for studies of Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment/Retreatment, Surgical Endodontics, Vital Pulp Therapy, Apexification, and Regenerative Endodontics. This article, Part 2 of a 5-part series, focuses on COS-ENDO for Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment/Retreatment, while other parts address the remaining treatments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Outcomes were identified through scoping reviews, a qualitative study with patients, and a web-based survey of American Association of Endodontists practicing members. In a 2-round Delphi survey, clinicians, patients, and researchers rated outcomes on a 9-point scale. Ratings were assessed against consensus criteria, and a virtual meeting finalized COS-ENDO.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 97 invited participants to Round 1, 77 registered, and 73 (24 Academicians/Researchers, 26 Clinicians, and 23 Patients (or their parents/caregivers)) assessed 39 outcomes, with 18 excluded. The remaining outcomes-7 achieving consensus for inclusion and 14 lacking consensus-advanced to Round 2 for re-rating by 70 participants. This resulted in 9 outcomes achieving consensus for inclusion, and 12 lacking consensus. In the final meeting, 16 participants finalized the COS-ENDO for Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment/Retreatment, including Tooth survival, Pain, Signs of infection, Radiographic evidence of periradicular healing, Success, Functional tooth, Need for further intervention, and Adverse events/Complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>COS-ENDO is an important step in standardizing outcome reporting in endodontics, ensuring consistent reporting and enhancing research utility. Further efforts are needed to establish optimal measurement methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}