Journal of endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Insights into the August 2024 Issue of the Journal of Endodontics","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141476678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Access to Care Considerations for the Endodontic Treatment of Immature Permanent Teeth: A National Survey of Pediatric Dentists and Endodontists","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate access to care and financial considerations associated with the endodontic treatment of immature permanent teeth.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Surveys were distributed to endodontists (<em>n</em> = 2,457) and pediatric dentists (<em>n</em> = 3,974) in the United States. Data were analyzed using X² analysis and logistic regression. The level of significance was set to 0.05.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The response rate was 13% (<em>n</em> = 840). Respondent specialist groups were similar by age and years since specialty residency completion, but significantly different with regard to primary practice setting (eg private practice, Federally Qualified Health Center, hospital), (<em>P</em> = .001). The majority (91%) of respondents reported participation with dental insurance. Pediatric dentists (69%) were significantly more likely than endodontists (17%) to participate with public-payer dental insurance (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). The majority of respondents (82%) indicated that patients reported economic factors (time or money) as a barrier to accessing endodontic treatment. Pediatric dentists were significantly more likely to consider economic factors when planning for treatment (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Pediatric dentists were more likely than endodontists to have the opinion that endodontic procedures for treatment of necrotic immature permanent teeth should cost less than root canal therapy (apexification, <em>P</em> &lt; .001; regenerative endodontic procedures, <em>P</em> = .002). Pediatric dentists (33%) reported encountering barriers when attempting to refer their patients to an endodontist. Inability to find an endodontist that participates with dental insurance was the most frequently cited barrier.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Limited clinician participation with dental insurance and gaps in insurance coverage for endodontic procedures appear to contribute to access to care barriers for pediatric patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239924003042/pdfft?md5=3151403fe29d7edaa4af7e540070a0c9&pid=1-s2.0-S0099239924003042-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141135842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Nanotubes Induce Mineralization of Human Cementoblasts","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Carbon nanotubes<span> (CNT) are 1 of the allotropes of carbon with unique properties. CNT shows good bone-tissue compatibility and has been reported to induce osteogenesis; therefore, it is regarded as an ideal material in a wide range of applications. However, the therapeutic effect of CNT-containing materials in the healing of apical periodontal tissue is unknown. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of CNT on the proliferation and mineralization<span> of the human cementoblast cell line (HCEM).</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The proliferation of HCEM cells with CNT stimulation was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay performed from 24–72 hours. Calcium deposition levels were evaluated by alizarin red S staining on days 7 and 10, and mineralization-related gene expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction on days 3, 7, and 10. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the culture with CNT on day 14.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>CNT showed no cytotoxicity to HCEM cell proliferation<span>. Treatment was performed with mineralization medium, CNT-induced HCEM mineralization on day 7, and increased calcium deposition on days 7 and 14. Messenger RNA expression of </span></span>alkaline phosphatase<span> was significantly increased throughout the experimental period, and bone sialoprotein<span> was significantly increased on day 3 by CNT, whereas no effect was found on mRNA expression of type I collagen. CNT was observed in attachment to the cell surface on day 14.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>CNT promotes the mineralization of HCEM cells, indicating the potential as a new bioactive component for apical periodontal tissue regeneration materials through the regulation of cementoblast mineralization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Heparan Sulfate on Vasculogenesis and Dentinogenesis of Dental Pulp Stem Cells","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Heparan sulfate (HS) is a major component of dental pulp tissue. We previously reported that inhibiting HS biosynthesis impedes endothelial differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). However, the underlying mechanisms by which exogenous HS induces DPSC differentiation and pulp tissue regeneration remain unknown. This study explores the impact of exogenous HS on vasculogenesis and dentinogenesis of DPSCs both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Human-derived DPSCs were cultured in endothelial and odontogenic differentiation media and treated with HS. Endothelial differentiation of DPSCs was investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction and capillary sprouting assay. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed through real-time polymerase chain reaction and detection of mineralized dentin-like deposition. Additionally, the influence of HS on pulp tissue was assessed with a direct pulp capping model, in which HS was delivered to exposed pulp tissue in rats. Gelatin sponges were loaded with either phosphate-buffered saline or 10¹–10² μg/mL HS and placed onto the pulp tissue. Following a 28-day period, tissues were investigated by histological analysis and micro–computed tomography imaging.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>HS treatment markedly increased expression levels of key endothelial and odontogenic genes, enhanced the formation of capillary-like structures, and promoted the deposition of mineralized matrices. Treatment of exposed pulp tissue with HS in the <em>in vivo</em> pulp capping study induced formation of capillaries and reparative dentin.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Exogenous HS effectively promoted vasculogenesis and dentinogenesis of DPSCs <em>in vitro</em> and induced reparative dentin formation <em>in vivo</em>, highlighting its therapeutic potential for pulp capping treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0099239924002784/pdfft?md5=4c09851d169e5090a824ba30e03743b2&pid=1-s2.0-S0099239924002784-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metatranscriptome and Resistome of the Endodontic Microbiome","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>In this study, we used metatranscriptomics for the first time to investigate microbial composition, functional signatures, and </span>antimicrobial resistance<span> gene expression in endodontic infections.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span><span>Root canal samples were collected from ten teeth, including five primary and five persistent/secondary endodontic infections. </span>RNA from endodontic samples was extracted, and </span>RNA sequencing was performed on a NovaSeq6000 system (Illumina). Taxonomic analysis was performed using the Kraken2 bacterial database. Then, sequences with a taxonomic classification were annotated against the Universal Protein Knowledgebase for functional annotation and the Comprehensive </span>Antibiotic Resistance Database for AR-like gene identification.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>Proteobacteria<span><span>, Bacteroidetes, </span>Firmicutes, and </span></span>Actinobacteria<span><span> represented the dominant phyla, whereas Fusobacteria, </span>Spirochetes<span>, and Synergistetes were among the nondominant phyla. The top ten species were mainly represented by obligate (or quasiobligate) anaerobes, including Gram-negative (eg, </span></span></span><span><span>Capnocytophaga</span></span> sp. oral taxon 323, <span><span>Fusobacterium nucleatum</span></span>, <span><span>Prevotella</span><em> intermedia</em></span>, <span><span>Prevotella</span><em> oris</em></span>, <span><span>Tannerella forsythia</span><em>,</em></span> and <span><span>Tannerella</span></span> sp. oral taxon HOT−286) and Gram-positive species (eg, <span><span>Olsenella</span><em> uli</em></span> and <span><span>Parvimonas micra</span></span><span><span><span>). Transcripts encoding moonlighting proteins (eg, glycolytic proteins, translational </span>elongation factors, </span>chaperonin<span><span>, and heat shock proteins) were highly expressed, potentially affecting bacterial adhesion<span>, biofilm formation, host defense evasion, and inflammation induction. Endodontic bacteria expressed genes conferring resistance to antibiotic<span> classes commonly used in dentistry<span>, with a high prevalence and expression of tetracycline and </span></span></span></span>lincosamide resistance genes. Antibiotic efflux and antibiotic target alteration/protection were the main resistance mechanisms.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Metatranscriptomics revealed the activity of potential endodontic pathogens<span>, which expressed putative virulence factors and a wide diversity of genes potentially involved in AR.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor Regarding, “Two-Dimensional Radiographs and CBCT Assessment of Concentrated Growth Factor and Platelet-Rich Fibrin Scaffolds in Regenerative Endodontic Treatment of Immature Incisors with Periapical Radiolucency: A Randomized Clinical Trial”","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141306090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Properties of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Nickel-titanium rotary endodontic<span> files have been commercially available for decades, but more recent innovations have introduced heat-treated and surface-treated files. This study investigated the corrosion properties of various nickel-titanium files in normal saline and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl).</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ten different file brands of size 40 with a 0.04 taper were subjected to electrochemical testing in 0.9% NaCl (saline) and 5.25% NaOCl at room temperature. The Open Circuit Potential (OCP) was observed for 1 hour followed by a cyclic polarization test from −300 to 700 mV and back to −300 mV (vs OCP). Nonparametric ANOVA and a pairwise comparison (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) were used for statistical analysis of the OCP at 1 hour and the corrosion current (Icorr) obtained via the cyclic polarization test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Significant differences (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) were found between files with respect to OCP and Icorr in both solutions. Nine files exhibited significantly greater (<em>P</em><span> &lt; .05) Icorrs in NaOCl than in saline. Conversely, pitting corrosion was observed in the saline solution but not NaOCl. Weak and/or moderate correlations existed between OCP and Icorr measures in the 2 solutions.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Significant differences in electrochemical properties were observed among the 10 brands of files. Overall, there was not a clear trend between conventional, heat-treated, or surface-treated files among OCP or Icorr in either solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140957827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Back-Pressure Anesthesia on Postoperative Pain after the Endodontic Treatment in Patients with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis: Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>The present study evaluated the effect of 2 different back pressure-based supplemental anesthesia on postoperative pain in patients receiving </span>endodontic<span><span> treatment for a mandibular molar with symptomatic irreversible </span>pulpitis.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>One-hundred-thirty-five adult patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpits in a mandibular first or second molar, received an initial inferior alveolar nerve<span> block (IANB) injection with 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine. Ten minutes following the injection, access to cavity preparation began. Lip numbness was a must for all patients. The Heft-Parker visual analogue scale (HP-VAS) was used to measure pain during </span></span>endodontic therapy<span>. Success of primary injections was defined as no or mild pain (less than 55 mm on HP-VAS) during access preparation. The patients with initial successful anesthesia served as control and received endodontic treatment. Ninety-five patients with unsuccessful primary anesthesia randomly received either intraligamentary injections of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine or intrapulpal injections with similar anesthetic solution. Endodontic treatment was re-initiated and canals were instrumented till working length under copious irrigation. Intracanal medicament of calcium hydroxide was placed and teeth received a temporary restoration. Postoperative pain was measured at 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 24 hours, and 3 days. Data were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and one-way repeated measures analysis of variance.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The initial initial inferior alveolar nerve block was successful in 40 cases (out of 135). The intraligamentary injections were successful in 33 out of 47 cases (70%), and intrapulpal injections were successful in all cases (45/45). The patients receiving intraligamentary injections reported significantly higher pain scores at all intervals till 24 hours. After 3 days, the pain significantly reduced in all the groups with no significant difference between them.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Patients receiving supplementary intraligamentary injections can experience increased postoperative pain till 24 hours after the endodontic treatment. The pain scores reduced to the level of the control group after 3 days.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiota Association and Profiling of Gingival Sulci and Root Canals of Teeth with Primary or Secondary/Persistent Endodontic Infections","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.04.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span><span>Microbiota associated with primary </span>endodontic infection (PEI) and secondary/persistent endodontic infection (SPEI) must be characterized to elucidate pathogenesis in apical </span>periodontitis and bacterial biomarkers identified for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>This study analyzed the microbial community<span> profiles of root canals and gingival sulci<span> (sulcus-E) for teeth with PEI (</span></span></span><em>n</em> = 10) or SPEI (<em>n</em><span> = 10), using the Illumina MiSeq<span> platform. Bacterial samples from gingival sulci (sulcus-C) of healthy contralateral teeth served as controls.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>There were 15 phyla, 177 genera, and 340 species identified. The number and diversity of bacteria in root canals did not differ significantly between PEI and SPEI. Proteobacteria, </span>Firmicutes<span><span>, Fusobacteria, </span>Bacteroidetes<span>, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla in both groups. At the genus level, </span></span></span><em>Lancefieldella</em>, <span><span>Bifidobacterium</span></span>, <em>Stomatobaculum</em>, and <em>Schaalia</em> were enriched in root canals with SPEI. Of significance, <em>Lancefieldella</em> was observed in both root canals and sulcus-E of teeth with SPEI. At the species level, <span><span>Neisseria</span><span><span><em> macacae, </em><span>Streptococcus gordonii</span><em>, </em></span><span>Bifidobacterium dentium</span><em>, Stomatobaculum longum</em></span></span>, and <em>Schaalia odontolytica</em> were increased significantly in root canals with SPEI compared to PEI. <em>Oribacterium</em> species<span><em>, </em><span>Streptococcus salivarius</span><span><em>, Lancefieldella parvula, </em><span>Prevotella</span><em> denticola</em></span></span>, and <em>Oribacterium asaccharolyticum</em> were more abundant in sulcus-E of teeth with SPEI compared to PEI.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There were distinctive and differing predominant bacterial species associated with the root canals and gingival sulci between teeth with PEI and SPEI. Specific bacteria identified in sulcus-E and root canals of teeth with SPEI could serve as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for detecting SPEI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141071072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Initial Root Canal Treatment on Intratubular Penetrability and Bond Strength of Nonsurgical Retreatment: An InVitro Study.","authors":"Gabriela Gavilán Hadid, Miguel Angel Ventura, Iago Ramirez, Helena Cristina de Assis, Rafael Verardino de Camargo, Manoel Damião de Sousa-Neto, Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves, Fabiane Carneiro Lopes-Olhê","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2024.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To assess the effect of combinations of two different endodontic sealers used in initial and endodontic retreatment on the bond strength of the secondary obturation and the penetrability of the sealers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight mandibular premolars were used, receiving standardized endodontic access and biomechanical preparation. Twenty-four teeth received AH Plus sealer (AHP) in primary obturation and the others received Bio-C Sealer (BCS). Retreatment protocol was performed with an R50 instrument. The samples were further subdivided into four groups (n = 12) based on the combination of primary/secondary obturation sealers: AHP/AHP; AHP/BCS; BCS/AHP; and BCS/BCS. Four samples from each subgroup received the addition of fluorophores to the sealer for penetrability analysis using laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy. The root portion on the 8 push-out samples was sectioned into 6 slices of 1.0 mm. Bond strength (BS) was assessed using a universal testing machine until displacement of the filling mass. Failure pattern was evaluated under a stereomicroscope (20× magnification). BS data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's test (P < .05), and the association between the failure pattern and BS value was assessed using the chi-square test (P < .05). Penetrability was qualitatively evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest BS values were observed in the AHP/AHP (4.54 ± 1.5 MPa) and BCS/AHP (5.00 ± 1.0 MPa) groups (P < .05), with a higher percentage of adhesive failures to the filling material for all groups. Laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy images indicated greater penetrability of AHP compared to BCS, both in initial treatment and retreatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AHP sealer exhibited higher BS and greater penetrability compared to BCS sealer.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141878832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}