Journal of endodontics最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of articaine infiltration location on the success rate of mandibular lateral incisor anesthesia: A prospective crossover randomized clinical trial study.","authors":"Alireza Adl, Fahime Alimardani, Freshte Sobhnamayan","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Effective anesthesia of the mandibular lateral incisor is challenging. This study compared the efficacy of lingual infiltration alone versus combined labial and lingual infiltration using 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, randomized, crossover clinical trial, 50 healthy volunteers received two infiltration techniques: (1) lingual infiltration only (3.6 mL total via two 1.8 mL injections plus a mock buccal injection), and (2) combined labial and lingual infiltration (1.8 mL each; 3.6 mL total plus a mock lingual injection). Anesthetic success was evaluated by: 1) absence of response to maximal electronic pulp tester stimulation, 2) sustained anesthesia defined as no response within 16 minutes lasting 42 minutes, and 3) anesthesia onset time (first of two consecutive no-response readings). Pain during injection was assessed via the 170-mm Heft-Parker visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical tests included McNemar's, Wilcoxon signed-rank, Friedman, and Dunn's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combined technique produced an equal or higher success rate (P ≤ 0.05), significantly greater sustained anesthesia (P < 0.05), and a significantly shorter onset time (P < 0.05) compared with lingual infiltration alone. Labial infiltration was associated with higher pain scores, especially during solution deposition (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of labial and lingual infiltration with 4% articaine and 1:100,000 epinephrine significantly improves the anesthetic success and duration for the mandibular lateral incisor, although it is associated with increased injection-related pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial lands and alternating cutting edges contribute to reduced screw-in and torque in curved root canals - an in vitro study.","authors":"Greta Heimberg, Sebastian Bürklein, Edgar Schäfer, Thomas Gerhard Wolf, David Donnermeyer","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate screw-in force and torsional load generated by six fully rotating nickel-titanium (NiTi) file systems with different geometry, cross-section, and rotational speed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety mesial roots of human lower molars were divided into six groups according to the file system used for canal preparation: F360, F6, TruNatomy, RACE EVO, JIZAI I, and JIZAI II. Groups were standardized balanced to working length, chord length, and canal curvature. A custom-built test rig with an attached endodontic motor (Schlumbohm EndoPilot 2) and a six-axis measuring device were used to measure the apically directed, screw-in and torque forces generated along the axis of the tooth as the NiTi file was moved with an amplitude of 3 mm at each peck, increasing penetration depth by 2 mm at each peck. The rotary speed was set individually for each file according to the manufacturer's instructions. Two sets of 3 pecking motions were performed with intermitting cleanings of the file and needle irrigation of the root canal. Additionally, torque forces were recorded by the endodontic motor. Maximum force values for each set of pecks were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The correlation between z-axis tooth torque and motor-measured torque was assessed using Spearman's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences existed between the files regarding apically directed, screw-in and torque forces (P<0.05). Torque values generated on the tooth along the z-axis and torque on the file correlated significantly (P<.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radial lands or alternating cutting edges affect screw-in effect and torsional load of NiTi files.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145251381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical and Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment of a Patient with Vitamin D-resistant Rickets and Extraoral Sinus Tract: A Case Report.","authors":"Blake C Clarke, W Craig Noblett, Ronald Ordinola-Zapata, Annie F Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D-resistant rickets is a rare genetic disorder that significantly impacts oral health, causing characteristic dental manifestations including enlarged pulp chambers, spontaneous pulp necrosis, and frequent periapical infections. This case report describes the comprehensive endodontic management of a 32-year-old female with vitamin D-resistant rickets who presented with spontaneous pulp necrosis, periapical pathosis, and an extraoral sinus tract in multiple mandibular anterior teeth. Clinical examination, radiographic assessment, and vitality testing were performed. Initial nonsurgical root canal treatment was completed on teeth #22, #25, and #26, followed by aspiration. When no healing was observed at recall, surgical endodontic treatment with guided tissue regeneration was completed on teeth #24-26. Twelve-month post-treatment evaluation demonstrated complete symptom resolution, sinus tract closure, and radiographic evidence of osseous regeneration. Patients with vitamin D-resistant rickets present unique challenges for endodontic treatment due to impaired hard tissue mineralization and healing capacity. This case report demonstrates that adults with vitamin D-resistant rickets can achieve favorable endodontic outcomes, both surgically and nonsurgically.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145238349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viability of Dental Pulp Derived Stem Cells After Long-Term Cryopreservation.","authors":"Malika A Malik, Elizabeth Perkins, Alyssa Nedell, Hitesh Chopra, James Sugai, Darnell Kaigler","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSCs) have promise for use in regenerative therapies due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory potential. Following their isolation from dental pulp tissue, DPSCs can be cryopreserved and banked for future use, however, it remains unclear to what extent long-term storage affects their properties. This study evaluated the properties of DPSCs cryopreserved for up to 13 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DPSCs from 12 patients cryopreserved for 5 (DPSC-5 YR), 10 (DPSC-10 YR), and 13 (DPSC-13 YR) years were analyzed for viability, immunophenotype (CD34, CD45, CD73, CD90, CD105), proliferation, and stemness. Additionally, senescence was evaluated through gene expression and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All cryopreserved DPSCs showed high expression of stem cell markers CD73, CD90, and CD105 (>90%) with low expression of hematopoietic markers CD34 and CD45 (<4%). Proliferative capacity and proliferation rate demonstrated no significant differences in population doubling time among groups, with values of 1.32 ± 0.41 for DPSC-5 YR, 1.36 ± 0.44 for DPSC-10 YR, and 1.38 ± 0.53 for DPSC-13 YR, all comparable to DPSCs cryopreserved for less than 1 year (1.37 ± 0.57). Osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of DPSCs confirmed their ability to retain multipotency. Finally, senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining revealed an absence of senescent cells up to passage 6 and while stemness and senescence gene expression profiles varied, no significant differences were found in expression of these genes between DPSCs, regardless of numbers of years of cryopreservation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DPSCs can maintain viability, proliferative capacity, and stemness following long-term (up to 13 years) cryopreservation. These data support their long-term banking for clinical therapies aimed at tissue regeneration and immunomodulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145232553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the October 2025 Issue of the JOE","authors":"Anita Aminoshariae DDS, MS,&nbsp;Amir Azarpazhooh DDS, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C),&nbsp;Gerald N. Glickman DDS, MS, MBA, JD,&nbsp;Jianing He DMD, PhD,&nbsp;Sahng G. Kim DDS, MS,&nbsp;Anil Kishen BDS, MDS, PhD,&nbsp;Ariadne M. Letra DDS, MS, PhD,&nbsp;Linda Levin DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Ronald Ordinola-Zapata,&nbsp;Frank C. Setzer DMD, PhD, MS,&nbsp;Franklin R. Tay BDSc(Hons), PhD,&nbsp;Kenneth M. Hargreaves DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 1339-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145183424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cyclic Fatigue Evaluation of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments Using an Electrical Resistance-based Method","authors":"Congyu Yang BDSc,&nbsp;Yi Min BDSc, MSc, PhD,&nbsp;Wei Fan BDSc, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This <em>in vitro</em><span> study aimed to establish the correlation between electrical resistance and cyclic fatigue of endodontic nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments as a quantifiable cyclic fatigue indicator.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two kinds of geometrically identical NiTi rotary instruments ProTaper Universal F2 and ProTaper Gold F2 were selected and allocated into 2 experimental groups: a cyclic fatigue test<span> group and a sterilization test group. In the cyclic fatigue test group, instruments were rotated in an artificial root canal until fracture, with the number of cycles (rotations) to fracture (NCF) recorded. In the sterilization test group, instruments were rotated to 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% of the NCF, followed by autoclaving sterilization. Electrical resistance was measured after each 10 rotations, as well as pre- and post-sterilization. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to analyze the instrument surfaces, focusing on the expanding of microcracks over rotations and the effect of autoclaving. The collected data were then statistically analyzed.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated that the electrical resistance of tested instruments increased quadratically with the cyclic fatigue degrees along with the expanding of microcracks. At the 80% NCF, the electrical resistance increased by 2.38% and 2.63% for PTU F2 and PTG F2 respectively. Autoclaving had no significant effect on electrical resistance.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Electrical resistance could be used as a quantifiable indicator to evaluate and predict the cyclic fatigue degree of NiTi rotary instruments and seems unaffected by autoclaving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 1471-1476"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Chelating Agents in Different Application Times on the Release of Growth Factors from Dentin","authors":"Deniz Erdogan PhD ,&nbsp;Ali Erdemir PhD ,&nbsp;Ercan Tekin MD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div><span>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), </span>etidronic acid<span> (HEBP), boric acid (BA), or saline at different application times on transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and insulin-like factor-1 (IGF-1) release levels from inner root dentin.</span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-five root segments, obtained from extracted fully developed premolar<span><span> human teeth, were standardized to 8 mm long and prepared with Gates Glidden burs number 1-4 for simulating an open apex. The samples were irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite and then divided into 4 main groups according to chelation agents (17% EDTA, 9% HEBP, 6% BA, or saline) and 3 subgroups according to application times. TGF-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and IGF-1 release levels were measured on the 1st and 7th days by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The final concentrations were calculated based on the root canal volume measured by cone-beam </span>computed tomography<span>. Data were compared using a one-way analysis of variance, the Tukey test, Kruskal Wallis, and Wilcoxon test.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In all growth factors (GFs), the EDTA group had a statistically significantly higher release than the saline group (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Increasing EDTA application time did not affect statistically significant GFs release (<em>P</em> &gt;.05). All GFs were released more on the 7th than the 1st day.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The release levels of GFs vary according to the type of chelating agent and application time. BA in the release of IGF-1 and HEBP in the release of TGF-β1 were as effective as EDTA at all application times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 1446-1454"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144078295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforcing Effect of Intraradicular Filling Materials in Simulated Immature Mandibular Premolars with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Apical Barrier: A Weibull Analysis","authors":"Ploy Opacharoensuk DDS ,&nbsp;Danuchit Banomyong DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Kanet Chotvorrarak DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Pimchanok Suphanarongpun DDS ,&nbsp;Sittichoke Osiri DDS, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Incomplete root formation following pulp necrosis requires mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) apexification. Although effective, this treatment does not increase the root thickness, necessitating additional reinforcement. This study aimed to evaluate the fracture resistance of simulated immature mandibular premolars apexified with MTA and reinforced with various materials using Weibull analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety human mandibular first premolars were prepared to simulate immature teeth. After MTA apexification, teeth were divided into six groups: negative control (intact teeth), positive control (untreated apexified teeth), gutta-percha (GP) with AH Plus, GP with Bioceramic sealer, core, and fiber post/core. The teeth underwent thermocycling, periodontal ligament simulation, and fracture testing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Negative and positive controls exhibited the highest and lowest fracture resistance, respectively. Core and fiber post/core had hazard ratios of 4.79 and 6.23, respectively, outperforming GP with AH Plus and GP with Bioceramic sealer (hazard ratios: 14.23 and 17.22, respectively). Most fractures occurred in the coronal third.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Intraradicular reinforcement materials (fiber post/core and core) provided greater support to MTA-apexified roots than conventional root filling materials (GP/AH Plus and GP/Bioceramic sealer).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 1438-1445"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Single versus Multiple-stage Restorative Approaches on the Pulp Outcomes of Symptomatic Vital Cracked Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Dimitrios Gavriil DDS, MClinDent ,&nbsp;Angeliki Kakka DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Massimo Del Fabbro MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to compare single-stage treatment (SST) and multiple-stage treatment (MST) regarding pulp survival, pulp success, and tooth survival in symptomatic vital cracked teeth and to assess the influence of secondary interventions and baseline factors on pulp outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and “Gray Literature” through December 3, 2024, supplemented by hand searching. Clinical studies reporting pulp survival of permanent symptomatic vital cracked teeth with ≥1-year follow-up after complete SST or MST were included. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. A single-arm random-effects meta-analysis was performed. The certainty of the body of evidence was assessed via the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>Fourteen cohort studies qualified. No significant difference was observed between SST and MST for 1- or 2-year pulp survival and 1-year pulp success (</span><em>P</em> &gt; .05). However, SST with indirect restorations demonstrated significantly higher pulp success than MST with indirect (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) and SST with direct (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Indirect onlays exhibited superior pulp outcomes compared to crowns (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Direct restorations were comparable to onlays for pulp survival (<em>P</em> &gt; .05) but inferior for pulp success (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). Short duration of interim treatment (1–2 weeks) yielded greater pulp success than long duration (2–3 months) (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). One-year tooth survival was consistently high (96.1%–100%). The certainty of evidence was graded as very low due to the inclusion of observational studies and substantial between-study heterogeneity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review suggests with very low level of certainty that SST with indirect restorations may improve pulp success over MST. Onlays outperform crowns, while direct restorations may not fully alleviate symptoms. Short interim treatment duration is preferable in MST. Timely intervention is critical for tooth survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 1362-1375"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144528199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Equity in Endodontic Scholarship and Academia","authors":"Sarah J. Ermoshkin DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Al M. Best PhD ,&nbsp;Patricia A. Tordik DMD","doi":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joen.2025.06.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Our hypothesis explored representation in women's leadership positions in endodontic academia to assess publication participation of men and women from 2010 to 2023 and to test academic rank disparities by comparing men and women faculty rank, gender, and citation impact.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Authors' names were downloaded from a PubMed search of publications in the <em>Journal of Endodontics, International Endodontic Journal,</em> and <em>Dental Traumatology</em> between 2010 and 2023. Editorial board members and reviewers were obtained from journal pages. Gender API software was used to determine gender based on first names. Fifty-four United States endodontic postgraduate departments were identified on the American Association of Endodontists website in 2022, and faculty information and rank were verified on departmental websites. Respective H-index scores were calculated using Harzing's Publish or Perish software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 36,587 authors, 35% were women, and the percentage of women authors increased by 0.5% per year (95% CI = 0.3–0.6). Compared to women, men published more than women, outnumbered women as reviewers, and held more positions on editorial boards. The educational leadership of the United States endodontics programs is 29% women. Women comprise 23% of chairs, 21% of postgraduate directors, and 47% of predoctoral director positions (<em>P</em> = .013). However, among academic leaders in the United States, faculty rank is not associated with gender (<em>P</em> = .396) after scholarly impact and leadership roles are adjusted for.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ultimately, the leadership role predicts rank, not gender. This suggests that women need to take action to apply for more leadership positions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15703,"journal":{"name":"Journal of endodontics","volume":"51 10","pages":"Pages 1376-1383"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}