Journal of Dietary Supplements最新文献

{"title":"Effects of a Novel Probiotic Supplement with Weight Gain Intervention on Anthropometry, Body Composition, and Appetite in Underweight Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Alireza Hatami, Maryam Ahmadi-Khorram, Reza Rahmanian, Ali Jafarzadeh Esfehani, Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani, Asma Afshari, Mohsen Nematy","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2561132","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2561132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Undernutrition in adults increases mortality and impairs immunity and quality of life. Gut microbiota influences metabolism, suggesting potential for probiotic-based weight-gain strategies. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a probiotic supplement combined with a weight-gain diet on anthropometric indices, appetite, and calorie intake in underweight adults. In this 8-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 95 underweight adults (aged 18-60 years) from Mashhad, Iran, were randomized to receive a probiotic supplement (Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei; 10⁹ CFU/capsule) or placebo with a 500-kcal surplus diet. Primary outcomes included anthropometric measures, including body weight and BMI. Secondary outcomes included appetite (via visual analog scales), caloric intake, and stool consistency. The probiotic group (n = 47) showed greater increases than the placebo group (n = 48) in body weight (2.41 vs 0.44 kg, p < 0.001), BMI (0.83 vs 0.24 kg/m², p < 0.001), body fat percentage (3.23% vs 1.03%, p < 0.001), fat mass (1.90 vs 0.89 kg, p = 0.002), and caloric intake (263.55 vs 30.75 kcal/day, p < 0.001). The probiotic group showed significant increases in hunger (p < 0.001) and desire to eat (p < 0.001), with reduced satiety and fullness before meals (p < 0.001), as assessed by VAS. Stool consistency in the probiotic group shifted significantly toward softer, more regular stools, as evidenced by a one-unit increase in the Bristol Stool Score (p = 0.01), compared to no change in the control group (p = 0.97). Probiotic supplementation with a weight-gain diet significantly enhances anthropometric measures, appetite, and calorie intake in underweight adults, offering a novel strategy for managing undernutrition.</p><p><p><b>Clinical trial registration:</b> Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT20230310057667N1 (Issue date 30 March 2023), https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/69130.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"958-976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Regulatory Challenges of Placing Dietary Ingredients on the European and US Market.","authors":"M J Tallon, D S Kalman","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2308261","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2308261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The DSHEA is 30 years old and its place in providing legitimate protections for public health through relevant agency oversight has created a patchwork of legal and scientific requirements. In contrast, the European Union has rules on supplements and permitted ingredients. Given the context of a global supply chain for food ingredients any conflict between the legality of ingredients between the U.S/EU can inhibit the economic viability of international trade. The purpose of this review is to contrast these different systems of legislative oversight. The analysis of both markets demonstrates a fragmentation in what are considered legal food ingredients between country wide harmonization and state rules and related interpretation. There are many commonalities in this regard between the U.S/EU, from borderline medicinal classifications to their resultant preclusion from food use. However, the codified legal system existing within the EU and excessive guidance can be viewed as time consuming and inflexible, especially for placing new ingredients on the market. The US in contrast is in a holding pattern for legislative interpretation regarding NDIs, GRAS and possible drug preclusion laws. As we hit the anniversary of the DSHEA recent commentary from U.S./EU central authorities point to increased international co-operation in ingredient safety assessments but whether this results in friction-free access between markets is to be determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"9-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139545716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damiana (<i>Turnera diffusa</i>) Reduces Adipocyte Cell Differentiation and Ameliorates Myocyte Glucose Uptake.","authors":"Hee-Sung Chae, Nessma H Ahmed, Olivia R Dale, Bharathi Avula, Ikhlas A Khan, Shabana I Khan","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2480582","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2480582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Turnera diffusa</i> Willd. ex Schult. leaf has been used in traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac, tonic, and in the management of diabetes. Based on the traditional use and recent evidence of antidiabetic activity, we investigated the effects of a 95% ethanolic extract of <i>T. diffusa</i> leaf (TDE) on a series of ligand-activated transcription factors, namely PPARα, PPARγ, LXR and NRF2, which are involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways associated with obesity, diabetes and inflammation. Further, the effects of TDE on α-glucosidase enzyme, lipid accumulation in adipocytes (adipogenesis) and glucose uptake in myocytes were also evaluated. Phytochemical analysis of TDE was performed by mass spectrometry. TDE (50 μg/mL) demonstrated a strong agonistic effect on LXR (2.7-fold) and NRF2 (21.6-fold), while the activation of PPARα, and PPARγ was in the range of 1.4-1.8-folds under similar experimental conditions. At a concentration of 100 μg/mL TDE decreased lipid accumulation in adipocytes by 55.3% and increased glucose uptake in muscle cells by 91.3%. The adipogenic effect induced by a full PPARγ agonist (rosiglitazone) was antagonized by TDE showing a decrease of 57.6% in lipid accumulation. This is the first report to reveal the agonistic action of TDE on multiple nuclear receptors along with its glucose uptake enhancing and antiadipogenic effects. The results indicate the potential utility of TDE in alleviating the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and in preventing the undesired adipogenic effects of antidiabetic drugs of the glitazone class. Phytochemical analysis of TDE indicated the presence of flavonoids as major constituents. Further studies in animal models of type II diabetes and obesity are warranted to explore its utility as an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity supplement.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"401-416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Dietary Supplement Use and COVID-19 Symptoms.","authors":"Jenil Patel, Omobola O Oluwafemi, Maria D Politis, Wendy N Nembhard","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2450457","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2450457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scientific evidence supporting recommendations for dietary supplement use to prevent or treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) is not well‑established. This cohort study investigates the relationship between dietary supplement usage and COVID‑19 symptoms among 27,181 adults tested for COVID‑19. Using data from surveys following COVID‑19 testing, conducted by the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, associations between dietary supplement usage, symptomatology, and COVID‑19 status were explored. The prevalence of supplement consumption among symptomatic individuals was significant, with non‑Hispanic (NH)‑White individuals showing higher usage rates. Among those testing positive for COVID‑19, mainly asymptomatic cases, dietary supplement usage was increased (7.8%), suggesting a proactive approach to supplementation. Symptomatic individuals with confirmed COVID‑19 also showed heightened dietary supplement usage (37.9%), indicating a response to perceived therapeutic benefits. Notably, respiratory symptoms such as cough (46.2%), fever (31.4%), and shortness of breath (8.9%) correlated consistently with increased dietary supplement usage across different time points. Despite limitations such as varying test sensitivities and potential selection biases, this study offers valuable insights into individual health‑seeking behaviors during the pandemic. Findings emphasize the importance of targeted public health interventions and education to address disparities in dietary supplement usage and promote evidence‑based approaches to dietary supplementation. Further research is warranted to understand better the motivations and implications of dietary supplement usage in the context of the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"262-273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13505474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Products That Protect Against Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity: A Call for Increased Rigor in Preclinical Studies of Dietary Supplements.","authors":"Alexander J Layman, Scott M Alsbrook, Igor K Koturbash, Mitchell R McGill","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2335573","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2335573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is one of the most common causes of acute liver injury. The current standard-of-care treatment for APAP hepatotoxicity, <i>N</i>-acetyl-<i>l</i>-cysteine, is highly effective when administered early after overdose, but loses efficacy in later-presenting patients. As a result, there is interest in the identification of new treatments for APAP overdose patients. Natural products are a promising source of new treatments because many are purported to have hepatoprotective effects. In fact, a great deal of research has been done to identify natural products that can protect against APAP-induced liver injury. However, serious concerns have been raised about the rigor and human relevance of these studies. Here, we systematically reviewed the APAP-natural product literature from 2013 to 2023 to determine the veracity of these concerns and the scope of the potential problem. The results substantiate the concerns that have been previously raised and point to concrete steps that can be taken to improve APAP-natural product research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"105-122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140335846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DSHEA 1994 - Celebrating 30 Years of Dietary Supplement Regulation in the United States.","authors":"Taylor C Wallace, Igor Koturbash","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2419434","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2419434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994 defined the FDA's statutory authority to regulate dietary supplement products as a category of food in the United States. As we celebrate 30 years post-DSHEA, it is important to reflect on its significance for public health, influence on the continuously evolving and expanding product category, the current regulatory framework, and potential opportunities or modernizing oversight to ensure a strong and well-regulated marketplace. An estimated three-fourths of U.S. consumers report use of dietary supplements, and the product market has grown substantially since the passage of DSHEA, from approximately 4,000 products in 1994 to 80,000+ present day. This growth represents a current $60 billion domestic and $200 billion international market for dietary supplements. Scientists, public health officials, health care providers, patients, consumer advocacy organizations, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration have all called for reform to what has been described as 'outdated' regulation of dietary supplements. Advancing at an even faster rate is published scientific evidence in the space. This special issue of the Journal of Dietary Supplements comprises a collection of articles authored by academicians, legal scholars, representatives of U.S. government agencies, and industry scientists that critically examine the successes, challenges, and opportunities for improving specific aspects of DSHEA and domestic health policy. This editorial provides historical context and milestones of dietary supplement regulation in the U.S. post-DSHEA and offers an overview of the research contained within the special issue. Advancing toward a more transparent and safer marketplace requires trustworthy supply chains, increased adherence to quality standards, additional labeling requirements, and enhancement of post-market surveillance. This special issue seeks to contribute to the broader understanding of dietary supplement regulation and its future direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142501632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Third-Party Tested Nutritional Supplementation Use Among DI and DIII Student-Athletes at A Northeast University.","authors":"Michelle Gimbar, Hamed Samavat, Kristen P Hamilton, Jane Ziegler, Floris Wardenaar, Carrie Esopenko, Laura Byham-Gray","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2449023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2449023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutritional supplements (NS) are linked to adverse events and unintentional doping among college-athletes. The use of third-party tested (TPT) NS can increase safety and reduce the risk of inadvertent consumption of banned substances. The purpose of this study was to examine self-reported use of TPT supplements between the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (DI) and Division III (DIII) college-athletes and explore the potential predictors of TPT use. This cross-sectional study used data from a web-based, 50-question survey on supplement use, behaviors, and knowledge. A total of 271 individuals completed the survey, 118 athletes (66.9% DI, 33.1% DIII) were included in the analysis due to completion of TPT NS questions. Among this sample, 80.5% of student-athletes reported use of TPT NS, however, only 17.8% of students reported consistent use of TPT NS. In the multivariable model adjusted for athletic division, sex, and sport-type, student-athletes who preferred information from a strength and conditioning coach or athletic trainer were 69% less likely to report consistent use of TPT NS across all categories when compared to those who preferred going to a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN). Student-athletes with limited access to an RD/RDN were more likely to use an athletic trainer or strength and conditioning coach for supplement information. Having dedicated RDNs within athletic departments may benefit athletes when it comes to safe NS use. Programs should also consider additional supplement education to athletic trainers and strength and conditioning coaches to help ensure safe and effective use of NS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"310-328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2513735","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2513735","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guar Gum β-Manno-Oligosaccharides Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis in Mice Models <i>via</i> Gut Microflora Modulation.","authors":"M Ashwini, Ajit Antony, H S Shilpa, S V V S Ravi Mangu, Kunal Sharan, Mukesh Kapoor","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2533889","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2025.2533889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gut dysbiosis is a key feature in ulcerative colitis, a globally prevalent subtype of inflammatory bowel disease. Microbiota-directed dietary supplements can restore the dysbiotic gut and alleviate ulcerative colitis. We aimed to delineate whether prebiotic guar gum β-manno-oligosaccharides [GG-β-MOS(i) 500 mg/kg, (ii) 1000 mg/kg] favors gut microflora and microflora associated characteristics (MACs) and can prevent dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) induced ulcerative colitis in mice model. DSS challenged adult male C57BL/6 mice were used as model for colon inflammation evaluation. Food and water consumption, disease activity index (DAI), histopathological changes, cytokines in sera and colonic tissues, microflora associated characteristics (MACs; post-fermentation metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, etc.) and gut microflora profiles were studied. We found that GG-β-MOS successfully attenuated colonic inflammation, reduced inflammatory proteins, improved the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and promoted the colonization of probiotics like <i>Lactobacillus</i> and <i>Bifidobacteria</i>. Furthermore, GG-β-MOS enriched beneficial bacteria <i>viz.</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Bifidobacteria</i>, <i>Bacillus</i> and <i>Enterococcus</i> showed positive correlation with anti-inflammatory metabolites like D-mannose, coprostanol, pentadecane, alpha-linolenic acid, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, D-ribose, L-fucose, D-arabinose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, acetate and butyrate and negative correlation with oxalate, palmitic acid, arachidonic acid and erythritol. Overall, GG-β-MOS supplementation restored altered gut microflora and metabolome leading to improved mucosal repair and reduced intestinal inflammation in DSS induced ulcerative colitis mice model.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"750-774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144760233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory Characteristics and Impact of Flavanol-Rich Grape and Blueberry Extract on Blood Flow Velocity and Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Naomi Osakabe, Toshihiko Shoji, Kurumi Onishi, Chie Hirahata, Kento Hiroki, Taiki Fushimi, Yasuyuki Fujii, Ursula M Jacob, Ali S Abdelhameed, Tilman Fritsch, Rosanna Di Paola, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Vittorio Calabrese","doi":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2446186","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19390211.2024.2446186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several epidemiological studies and intervention trials have demonstrated that grapes and blueberries, which are rich in flavanols, can lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms of action of these compounds remain unclear due to their low bioavailability.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to characterize the sensory properties, blood flow velocity, and oxidative stress of a polyphenol rich grape and blueberry extract (PEGB) containing approximately 16% flavanols (11% monomers and 4% dimers).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sensory property of PEGB was compared with quercetin at uniform concentration using healthy young subjects. In addition, the reactivity of PEGB with O₂^•- was also compared with quercetin utilizing a luminescence method. Furthermore, the effect of a single administration of PEGB on the blood flow velocity of skeletal muscle arterioles was investigated using a laser Doppler method in rats.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At a concentration where quercetin was barely tasteful, flavanol in PEGB exhibited a robust astringent taste. Furthermore, under pH conditions mimicking the oral cavity and intestinal tract, PEGB promoted O₂^•- production at low concentrations and scavenging O₂^•- at high concentrations. In contrast, quercetin demonstrated antioxidant activity. A single oral administration of PEGB significantly increased the blood flow velocity of skeletal muscle arterioles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrate that PEGB exhibited a pronounced astringent taste, O₂^•- production at low concentrations in neutral pH environments, and significantly enhanced blood flow to skeletal muscle following a single administration to rats. These findings highlight the necessity for further investigation into the causal relationships between oral perception, redox properties, and bioactivity of polyphenols.</p>","PeriodicalId":15646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dietary Supplements","volume":" ","pages":"219-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}