Journal of Dairy Research最新文献

{"title":"Single-step Bayesian regression methods for genomic evaluation of milk yield of Murrah buffaloes - Erratum.","authors":"Thalita Bianca Paiva, José Deyvison Silva de Macedo, Jaliston Júlio Lopes Alves, Daniel Jordan de Abreu Santos, Rusbel Raul Aspilcueta-Borquis, Humberto Tonhati, Francisco Ribeiro de Araujo Neto","doi":"10.1017/S0022029925101532","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029925101532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources of variation in milk osmolality in dairy cows.","authors":"Birgitta Staaf Larsson, Anna Jansson, Kristina Dahlborn","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102295","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029926102295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a descriptive longitudinal pilot study aimed at investigating the individual variation in milk osmolality, within and between cows, both diurnally and over one lactation. Milk samples from 21 Swedish Holstein (<i>n</i> = 9) and Swedish Red Breed (<i>n</i> = 12) dairy cows on one farm were collected 5-44 days after calving, then monthly for 12 months. During the first month, samples were also obtained every second hour (during the day) for 4 days. Milk samples were collected by hand milking in 10 ml tubes and analysed in a Fiske osmometer. The sample collection time was measured, and individual variation in milk osmolality was investigated within both days and months. In addition, bulk-tank milk samples (including milk from additional 230 cows) were collected at the end of each sampling day, with osmolality varying between 286 and 305 mOsm/kg among days. Individual osmolality ranged from 279 to 317 mOsm/kg, and there were significant variations in the mean milk osmolality between cows (2% variation). The individual osmolality varied significantly within days (up to 8%) and over months (up to a 13% variation). Swedish Red Breed cows had higher (1%, <i>P</i> = 0.02) osmolality (301 ± 1 mOsm/kg) than Swedish Holstein cows (299 ± 1 mOsm/kg). The observed differences range from 1% to 9% with variations between breeds being the smallest and those between months/lactation stages and individuals being the largest. It is concluded that there are variations in milk osmolality between individuals, days and breeds that exceed what can be interpreted as thirst-stimulating (+1-2%). Since the variation among clinically healthy animals and over time is considerable, there is potentially a challenge to the practical use of milk osmolality as an indicator of hydration state to be of practical use. Further studies are needed to understand the variations in milk osmolality when cows are water deprived.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"463-469"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and purification of κ-casein glycomacropeptide: A review.","authors":"Takuo Nakano, Eryck Silva-Hernandez, Mirko Betti","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102118","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0022029926102118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine glycomacropeptide (GMP), present in cheese whey, is a glycan-phosphopeptide complex released from κ-casein by the action of chymosin during cheese making. Because GMP lacks phenylalanine and tyrosine, it is considered a potential dietary source of amino acids for patients with phenylketonuria or tyrosinaemia type I - genetic disorders affecting phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism, respectively. The development of methods to obtain high-purity GMP remains a long-standing challenge in the dairy industry. This review discusses isolation and purification techniques suitable for producing GMP for dietary management of these disorders. Ultrafiltration (or dialysis) and deproteinization are widely used to remove non-GMP components from whey prior to chromatographic separation. Among chromatographic methods, anion exchange chromatography is regarded as the most versatile for selectively adsorbing GMP. Laboratory-scale purification yielding GMP with undetectable levels of contaminating amino acids can be achieved by a combined method with dialysis, deproteinization and anion exchange techniques. In our laboratory, bovine whey protein concentrate prepared by dialysis and commercial whey protein isolate were used as starting materials. Each sample was deproteinized by heat and acid treatments to obtain the soluble whey fraction, which was subsequently fractionated by anion exchange chromatography (or its batch method) to recover GMP free of detectable phenylalanine and tyrosine - making it applicable to the dietary treatment of the above-mentioned disorders. Future research should investigate GMP in 'second cheese whey', an industrial by-product from the manufacture of whey cheeses (e.g., Ricotta). Another challenge is developing large-scale GMP production methods using inexpensive, food-grade anion exchangers (e.g., chitin).</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"352-359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147868534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of farm- and cow-related factors on milk coagulation properties in Estonian Native and Estonian Red breeds.","authors":"Merike Henno, Andres Sats, Tanel Kaart, Ivi Jõudu, Haldja Viinalass, Katri Ling, Priit Karis, Alo Tänavots, Meelis Ots","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029926102532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the relative importance of farm- and cow-related factors affecting milk coagulation properties in commercial and native cattle breeds exposed to different housing and management systems. The study included 86 Estonian Red (ER) and 132 Estonian Native (EN) cows from 12 single-breed and 3 dual-breed dairy farms; farm characteristics and management practices were assessed through on-site visits and manager interviews. Individual milk samples were collected every second month during the morning test-day milking from November 2020 to January 2022 and analysed for composition, coagulation properties, casein micelle size distribution, fat globule size distribution and κ-CN genetic variants. The results showed no significant differences in milk coagulation properties between the two breeds. Among cow-related factors, curd firmness in both breeds was most strongly associated with milk protein content (ER: <i>r</i> = 0.23; EN: <i>r</i> = 0.19), casein content (ER: <i>r</i> = 0.30; EN: <i>r</i> = 0.27) and the casein-to-protein ratio (ER: <i>r</i> = 0.17; EN: <i>r</i> = 0.28). The κ-casein genotype affected both the rennet coagulation time and curd firmness in both breeds. The genetic effect of the sire was greater in the ER breed. Separate breed-specific models showed that the proportion of variance in milk coagulation traits explained by farm effects was approximately three to four times higher in EN cows compared to ER cows. These findings suggest that strategies for improving milk coagulation should be tailored to the production context.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of dairy cow resting areas in the United Kingdom: a survey of infrastructure, bedding selection and socio-technical constraints.","authors":"Joseph Michael Neary, Nektarios Siachos, Mustafa Ali, Robert Smith","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029926102544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses the hypothesis that bedding selection on UK dairy farms is captive to existing manure management infrastructure rather than being driven primarily by clinical evidence of material performance. The management of dairy cow resting areas is a critical determinant of animal welfare and farm productivity. While academic research often focuses on the biological properties of bedding materials in isolation, commercial selection is frequently constrained by fixed infrastructure and logistical realities. A comprehensive online survey was conducted among 228 dairy farms across the UK (median herd size: 194 lactating cows) to evaluate the interplay between housing infrastructure, bedding selection and manure management. Data were collected on barn design, flooring, manure transport mechanisms and the economic and operational management of primary bedding materials. Cubicle (freestall) housing was near-universal (97%), with 77% of farms using hybrid systems consisting of a synthetic mattress topped with a loose bedding layer. Sawdust was the predominant material (56%), followed by sand (20%) and straw (15%). Although sand was recognised for its clinical benefits, 11% of current sand users expressed an intention to transition away from the material, citing mechanical wear on machinery and slurry sedimentation as primary drivers. Straw use exhibited a distinct bimodal distribution, with application rates nearly 10 times higher in loose-housed yards (12-14 kg/cow/d) than in cubicle systems (1.6 kg/cow/d). Notably, 70% of respondents were unwilling to pay a financial premium for sustainably sourced bedding, prioritising operational compatibility and animal hygiene over environmental labels. These results demonstrate that bedding choice in the UK is constrained by existing manure management infrastructure. Future research and policy must bridge the gap between clinical excellence and mechanical viability, focusing on engineering solutions that allow farms to use high-comfort materials without compromising logistical efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic evaluation for cow wellness traits in crossbred and purebred Holsteins and Jersey cattle - ERRATUM.","authors":"Giovana Vargas, Dianelys Fundora Gonzalez-Peña, Zuhaib Ahmed, Asmita Kulkarni, Tiago Luciano Passafaro, Hendyel Pacheco, Natascha Vukasinovic","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029926102489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148404716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring research dynamics in pasture-based automatic milking systems: a bibliometric approach.","authors":"Karen Dal Magro Frigeri, Karolini Tenffen De-Sousa, Matheus Deniz, Frederico Márcio Corrêa Vieira","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029926102465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The worldwide adoption of automatic milking systems (AMSs) has expanded, attracting growing interest from researchers. Although several reviews have already been carried out regarding the features of AMS in confined systems, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the literature on automated milking in pasture-based systems is still lacking. Therefore, this review set out to provide a bibliometric approach focused on pasture-based AMS to explore and map the extent of research in the scientific literature. Initially, a comprehensive search was carried out in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Then, a four-step PRISMA evaluation was applied on 235 identified articles, resulting in a final sample of 45 articles. Most studies were conducted in Europe (44%), in research herds (79%), involving Holstein-Friesian cows (76%), using automated milking from Lely (57%) and DeLaval brands (30%). White clover and perennial and annual ryegrass are the most commonly used pastures among the countries (87.5% vs. 75%). The main topics (33%) investigated over studies were milk production, composition and efficiency of AMS on pasture, followed by animal behaviour (27%), animal nutrition (16%), heat stress (9%), methane emissions (7%), health disorders (2%), economic viability (2%), somatic cell count and mastitis (2%) and energy consumption (2%). Concentrate allocation and heat stress were identified as emerging research areas that deserve greater attention in future studies. This study contributes to our understanding of scientific developments, trends and research gaps regarding pasture-based AMSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148264620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioural responses of pubertal Murrah buffalo heifers to bull bio-stimulation during the peri-oestrous period.","authors":"Dharma Sahu, Madan Lal Kamboj, Sunil Dutt, Sanjay Choudhary, Monanki Podder","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029926102453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research paper aimed to determine if bio-stimulation affects peri-oestrous behavioural patterns of buffalo heifers and can improve oestrous behavioural responses through fenceline and direct contact with bulls during the heifers' first and second oestrous cycles. Buffalo heifers are known to have poor and less intense expression of oestrus behaviour. This leads to lower oestrous detection rates and ultimately results in poor reproductive efficiency. Providing social cues, such as bio-stimulation, is an effective technique for improving oestrous behaviours in cattle, pigs and sheep. For this study, 24 pre-pubertal Murrah heifers were allotted to 3 groups of 8 each; similar in age (15.08 ± 0.16 months) and body weight (199.5 ± 0.21 kg). In T₀, heifers were not exposed to a bull; in T₁, heifers had continuous exposure to a bull behind a fenceline; and in T₂, heifers were directly exposed to a bull twice daily (6 hours total). Oestrous behaviours were recorded on days -3, -2 and -1 (prior to oestrus), day 0 (day of oestrus) and on days +1, +2 and +3 (post-oestrus) using 24-hour digital cameras. Oestrous behaviours (sniffing/licking, tail raising, micturition, chin resting and mounting attempts) commenced on day -3 or day -2, peaked on day 0 and waned by day +2 or day +1 during both oestrous cycles. Oestrous behaviour frequencies were higher for the heifers in T₁ and T₂ groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05) in comparison to the T₀ group during both cycles. Receptive standing in response to mounting was only observed during the second oestrous cycle on the day of oestrus, and the frequency was significantly highest in T₂, followed by T₁ and T₀ (<i>P</i> < 0.05). It was concluded that direct or fenceline bull exposure triggered more expression of oestrous behaviours in buffalo heifers, with direct exposure having a greater effect than fenceline exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148258267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can pH measures be used to estimate bacterial contamination of bovine colostrum?","authors":"Katharine Denholm","doi":"10.1017/S0022029926102441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029926102441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective of the current work was to determine whether pH could be used as a proxy measure for bacterial contamination (using reference standard sheep blood agar plates to measure total bacteria counts [TBCs] and MacConkey agar plates to measure total coliform counts [TCCs]) of bovine colostrum (BC). The hypothesis for this work was that bacteria produce acid by-products from their metabolism, thereby more highly contaminated BC is likely to be more acidic, based on lower pH measurement. A secondary objective was to identify optimal thresholds for pH to identify colostrum highly contaminated with total bacteria or coliform species, with industry thresholds for highly contaminated colostrum being TBCs > 100,000 CFU/mL and TCCs > 10,000 CFU/mL. One hundred and one samples were purposively selected from previously frozen BC samples. Sample pH was measured using a pH meter in duplicate, and bacteria counts were measured using the reference tests of 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar plates for TBC and TCC, respectively. Small decreases in pH measurement were associated with increases in bacterial contamination of BC, particularly coliform species, which are those most implicated in the disruption of IgG absorption from colostrum. There was a statistically significant relationship between pH measurements and log-transformed bacterial measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of software for the automation of pedigree accounting in cattle breeding.","authors":"Maria Umarova, Ishenbek Alykeev, Ernis Zhanboev, Esentur Sultangaziev, Asel Azhimamatova","doi":"10.1017/S002202992610243X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S002202992610243X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The digitalisation of pedigree accounting in the dairy cattle sector of the Kyrgyz Republic is crucial for improving animal husbandry efficiency and meeting increasing demands for food security and sustainable rural development. The main aim of the study was the development and piloting of software to automate the processes of identification, pedigree analysis, productivity and veterinary control of cattle. The methodology of the work included an analysis of existing solutions, the collection of functional requirements, the design of the database architecture and user interface, as well as the pilot implementation of the system in a real farm. The database structure implemented eight functional tables linked through cascading foreign keys, ensuring the logical integrity of information and the automatic construction of pedigrees. The system interface is adapted to conditions of limited digital infrastructure and supports a multilingual environment, an offline mode and simple visual navigation. During the on-farm pilot study, a reduction in the time to register an animal by more than four times and a decrease in the number of errors were recorded. The system received positive user evaluations on the criteria of convenience, accessibility and accuracy. In addition, compatibility with International Committee for Animal Recording standards is ensured, which opens opportunities for international integration. The developed solution demonstrates resilience when scaling and can be adapted to other regions with similar infrastructure. The paper also provides a comparison with foreign and regional solutions, confirming the advantages of localisation, simplicity and compliance with national requirements. The study highlights the high practical significance of the proposed solution, offering a foundation for further scaling, including within national digitalisation programmes for agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":15615,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}