Journal of dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"The use of quality-of-life questionnaires in the assessment and management of dentin hypersensitivity: A systematic literature review\" [Journal of Dentistry 173 (2026) 106805].","authors":"Victoire Queneau, Sophie Doméjean","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107099"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PrepNet: A Multi-Task Geometric Deep Learning Framework for Automatic Detection and Numbering of Prepared Tooth in 3D Dental Scan Models.","authors":"Su Yang, Ji Yong Han, Nowon Kwon, Jun Gi Lee, Sang-Jeong Lee, Sungmoon Jeong, Sangwook Kim, Jun-Min Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to develop and evaluate PrepNet, a multi-task geometric deep learning framework, for automatic detection and numbering of the prepared tooth in 3D dental scan models (DSMs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we propose PrepNet, a multi-task geometric deep learning framework designed to simultaneously predict the target ROI centroid, estimate the ROI size, and classify the tooth number from 3D DSMs. PrepNet integrates local graph feature extraction using DGCNN to capture surface variations with global contextual modeling via a Point Cloud Transformer to encode long-range dental structures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PrepNet achieved the lowest mean radial error for ROI centroid detection (1.498± 0.884 mm) and the highest successful detection rate at 2.0 mm (80.29%) compared with the baseline models. For tooth numbering, PrepNet showed the highest classification accuracy of 0.836. For ROI size estimation, PrepNet achieved the lowest maximum deviation of 2.420 mm, with a mean absolute error (0.620 ± 0.480 mm) comparable to the best-performing baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PrepNet demonstrated the feasibility of multi-task geometric deep learning for the automatic detection and numbering of the single prepared tooth in 3D DSMs.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This approach may improve the efficiency of single-crown CAD/CAM design workflows by reducing manual target-tooth selection and ROI definition prior to dental crown design.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107108"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid origin modulates the protective effect of an experimental anti-erosive gel against enamel erosion.","authors":"Thamires Beatriz da Silva Silveira Cardoso, Milena Ruling Estenico, Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Alessandra Bühler Borges, Mariane Cintra Mailart, Daniele Mara da Silva Ávila","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effect of experimental fluoride gels containing the bioadhesive polymer Carbopol 980, alone or combined with stannous ions, on enamel mineral release and to determine whether their protective effects differ according to the origin of the erosive acid.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bovine enamel specimens were subjected to erosive cycling with 0.03% hydrochloric acid or 1% citric acid (pH 2.3 for both). After the initial erosive challenge, specimens were treated with acidulated phosphate fluoride - APF (12300 ppm F, pH 5.2), Carbopol 980 - C980 (2 g/100mL, pH 5.0), NaF + C980 (7500 ppm F + 2 g/100mL, pH 5.5), or NaF + Sn + C980 (7500 ppm F + 15000 ppm Sn²⁺ + 2 g/100mL, pH 5.5) gels. Mineral release was quantified by calcium and phosphate release throughout the erosive cycling. Surface morphology and elemental composition were qualitatively evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests (α=0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before treatment, citric acid produced greater calcium (p=0.003) and phosphate (p < 0.001) release than hydrochloric acid. After treatment, significant differences among gels were observed for calcium loss (p < 0.001). During the 5-day cycling, treatment effects were detected only under citric acid challenge, where NaF + C980 and NaF + Sn + C980 significantly reduced calcium and phosphate loss compared with C980 alone and performed similarly to APF. Under hydrochloric acid challenge, no significant differences were found among treatments. SEM and EDS supported these findings by revealing protective surface deposits and the presence of fluoride and tin on treated enamel.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Experimental fluoride-containing gels, with or without stannous ions, reduced enamel mineral release compared with the Carbopol 980 placebo under the citric acid challenge. However, this protective effect was not observed under hydrochloric acid, indicating that the effect of the formulations on mineral release depended on the erosive acid used. The findings highlight the importance of considering the type of erosive acid used when evaluating and comparing anti-erosive formulations.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Acid chemistry influences the protective effect of professional anti-erosive formulations and should be considered when developing preventive strategies for erosive tooth wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107105"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From static digital articulation to the dynamic (4D) digital virtual patient: An umbrella review of digital occlusal analysis and jaw-motion tracking.","authors":"Marco Farronato, Lucia Giannini, Davide Farronato, Giada di Iasio, Cinzia Maspero","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To synthesize review-level evidence on static digital articulation, computerized occlusal analysis, jaw-motion tracking and dynamic (4D) digital virtual patient integration, while distinguishing the specific claims each technology can support.</p><p><strong>Data: </strong>Review characteristics, technical accuracy, repeatability, validity, clinical outcomes, primary-study overlap and review-level risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Sources: </strong>PubMed/MEDLINE, Europe PMC, Crossref, OpenAlex, the Cochrane Library and Epistemonikos were searched or checked through 10 July 2026. Reference-list and citation searching supplemented database retrieval.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Thirty-four reports were included: 29 systematic reviews, four scoping reviews and one structured evidence map, representing 663 review-study occurrences. Of the 29 ROBIS-rated reviews, two were at low risk, 15 at unclear risk and 12 at high risk of bias. Static digital articulation was conditionally accurate in dentate, stable-contact and short-span settings. Contact location was more defensible than intensity, area or absolute force. Jaw tracking and digital virtual patient integration were technically feasible, but heterogeneous reference frames, small studies and sparse clinical outcomes constrained inference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digital occlusion is not a single validated construct. Maxillomandibular relationship transfer, contact location, relative force/timing, movement trajectory and integrated clinical decisions require distinct validation. Technical accuracy, precision, repeatability and feasibility should not be interpreted as evidence of clinical effectiveness or patient benefit. Current systems are best used as calibrated, clinician-verified adjuncts.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Static digital articulation can support selected restorative workflows, whereas complex spans, edentulous arches, force interpretation, dynamic simulation and diagnostic use require independent verification. Reliable upstream registration does not establish downstream patient benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully digital immediate implantation in the esthetic zone using the socket shield technique, a novel trephine guide, and the one-step crown concept.","authors":"Jakub Kwiatek, Marta Leśna, Paulina Łojewska-Pabiś, Adrianna Kubat, Ilona Różewicz, Marcin Sieradzki, Michalina Banaś","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The socket-shield technique (SST) aims to limit post-extraction remodeling by preserving the buccal root fragment and its periodontal attachment apparatus; however, the procedure remains technique-sensitive, particularly during root preparation. This Short Communication presents a digitally guided workflow integrating guided socket-shield preparation and immediate implant placement using the same CAD/CAM surgical guide incorporating a dedicated guiding sleeve.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The protocol was clinically applied in a 45-year-old female patient with a subgingival fracture of the maxillary right central incisor that precluded both conservative and prosthetic restoration. Digital planning was based on superimposed CBCT and intraoral scan datasets. Guided preparation of the buccal root fragment was followed by immediate implant placement, placement of a transmucosal CONNECT abutment, and immediate provisionalization. The provisional restoration was used to condition the peri‑implant soft tissues, and its transmucosal contour was subsequently transferred unchanged to the definitive restoration without an additional intraoral scan or conventional impression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical and radiographic follow-up over 5 years demonstrated stable peri‑implant soft tissues and bone levels without treatment-related complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This single clinical application supports the feasibility of the proposed digitally guided protocol. Further prospective comparative studies are required to assess root-preparation accuracy, reproducibility, and clinical benefits.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The use of a dedicated guiding sleeve enables socket-shield root preparation and immediate implant placement to be integrated within a single digitally planned surgical workflow.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year clinical outcomes of three-dimensional printed complete dentures: A prospective multicenter study of survival and patient-reported outcomes.","authors":"Maiko Iwaki, Yo Akiyama, Mariko Mukai, Bohan Tang, Keisuke Kohri, Mitsuki Masumoto, Shogo Shibata, Mai Shirai, Hidemasa Shimpo, Chikahiro Ohkubo, Atsushi Takaichi, Shin-Ichi Usugi, Manabu Kanazawa","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate 2-year cumulative success and survival rates, changes in oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and patient satisfaction among edentulous patients who continued to wear complete dentures fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing (CAD-3DPs) after a crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen edentulous patients (36 dentures) wearing maxillary and mandibular CAD-3DPs after the RCT were prospectively followed. Events were denture fracture, repair, relining, or occlusal reconstruction (success rate) and discontinuation of use (survival rate). OHRQoL (total and seven subdomain scores) and patient satisfaction (visual analogue scale) were assessed at RCT conclusion (T0) and every 6 months up to 24 months (T4), and compared with T0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four dentures (12 patients) completed 2-year observation. In the success analysis, the only events were fractures of four maxillary dentures, all occurring within the first year; in the survival analysis, four dentures (two patients) were discontinued after maxillary fracture. Two-year cumulative success and survival rates were 88% and 87%, respectively. Palatal thickness of fractured dentures had been set at 2.0-2.1 mm, at the lower end of the design range (2.0-2.5 mm). No significant changes from T0 were detected in the OHRQoL total score, any of its seven subdomains, or patient satisfaction during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAD-3DPs showed high 2-year success and survival rates, with maintained OHRQoL and patient satisfaction, and can be an effective prosthetic treatment option for edentulous patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Two-year prospective data support the clinical applicability of 3D-printed complete dentures. All fractures occurred in maxillary dentures with a thin palatal thickness setting, suggesting that attention to the denture design may help prevent fracture.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>UMIN000037947.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107110"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-assisted detection of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders on smartphone images: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Rongkai Cao, Qilin Ren, Liang Xu, Yue Tang, Qinghang Bao, Hexian Zhang, Junwen Wang, Xiaofeng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate early diagnosis of oral cancerous lesions is critical for effective treatment and reliable prognosis prediction. With technological advancements, artificial intelligence (AI) has been proposed as a transformative tool for cancer detection, utilizing the analysis of digitized dental photographs to improve diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to review and synthesize the application of AI in diagnosing oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), with a specific focus on dental images captured using smartphones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was performed across Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to August 2026 to identify articles on the application of AI in the diagnosis of OPMDs and oral cancers using smartphone photography. Included studies were evaluated for risk of bias using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2). Diagnostic performance metrics including sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR-), diagnostic score, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were synthesized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>22 studies underwent qualitative synthesis, with 13 included in meta-analysis. Selected studies showed generally positive results for AI in diagnosing oral cancer and OPMDs. Most models, mainly convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based with some Transformers, demonstrated medium‑to‑high sensitivity and specificity. Pooled sensitivity was 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-0.92) and pooled specificity was 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.92). Some advanced models reached F1 scores close to 90%, indicating a strong balance between detection and accuracy and highlighting the promising clinical potential of AI-assisted oral lesion diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AI detection models based on smartphone images have demonstrated promising performance in diagnostic analyses, showing significant potential for screening OPMDs and oral cancers, especially in low-resource settings. Future research should focus on enhancing model explainability and conducting external validations to ensure generalizability, thereby enabling safe and effective integration into broader applications.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The mobile AI screening paradigm can supplement routine oral examinations by frontline medical workers and reduce missed diagnoses of subtle premalignant lesions in remote areas. It also helps rationalize biopsy referrals and cut the economic burden of late-stage oral cancer treatment for populations with limited medical resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107101"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of clinical crown length and alignment method on accuracy and buccal occlusal scanning time in maxillo-mandibular registration using an intraoral scanner.","authors":"Chunxiao Jin, Yaping Guo, Liya Ma, Xinjie Cai, Cui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate how clinical crown length and alignment method affect the accuracy and buccal occlusal scan time required for digital maxillomandibular relationship registration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four maxillary-mandibular cast pairs with clinical crown lengths of 2, 4, 6, or 8 mm (G2-G8) were fabricated. Each pair was mounted in maximum intercuspation and scanned with a desktop scanner to generate reference models. Corresponding scans were obtained with an intraoral scanner (TRIOS 5). Ten occlusal records per group were registered using automatic and manual alignment. For G2, buccal occlusal scans of shorter durations that did not trigger automatic registration were additionally performed and manually aligned. Trueness was assessed by measuring positional deviations of reference cubes between test and reference datasets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Crown length significantly affected registration trueness, which decreased as clinical crown length decreased (p < 0.05), whereas automatic and manual alignment showed comparable accuracy within all groups. Shorter crowns (G2 and G4) produced greater dentition distance deviations than longer crowns (G6 and G8) (p < 0.05). The scan time required to trigger automatic registration increased as crown length decreased, reaching up to five times longer in G2 than G8 (p < 0.05). In G2, shortening the buccal occlusal scan duration and subsequently performing manual alignment did not significantly affect registration accuracy (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduced clinical crown length may compromise the overall trueness and efficiency of digital maxillomandibular registration, although regional deviations do not necessarily increase uniformly across the dental arch. Manual alignment achieves comparable accuracy with shorter scanning time, particularly in dentitions with markedly reduced clinical crown exposure.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>For patients with short clinical crowns, manual alignment may shorten buccal occlusal scanning time without compromising registration accuracy, potentially reducing the risk of artifacts related to patient movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Role of family factors in adolescents' oral health: An associational variable analysis\" [Journal of Dentistry 175 (2026) 106932].","authors":"Isabella Lili He, Pei Liu, Samantha Kar Yan Li, May Chun Mei Wong, N Hung ChuChu, Edward Chin Man Lo","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107080"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene oxide quantum dots promote odontogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla via Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation.","authors":"Mengyu Huang, Vidhyashree Rajasekar, Jinyong Chen, Ying Liu, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla, Waruna Lakmal Dissanayaka, Cynthia Yiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2026.107100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility of graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) with stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs), determine the optimal concentration for promoting odontogenic differentiation by SCAPs and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SCAPs were co-cultured with different GOQD concentrations (0.1-10 μg/mL) for subsequent experiments, while a broader concentration range (0.1-50 μg/mL) was used for CCK-8 biocompatibility screening. Cell proliferation and migration were assessed using CCK-8, live/dead staining and wound healing assays. Odontogenic differentiation was evaluated through ALP activity, Alizarin Red staining, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GOQDs exhibited good biocompatibility with SCAPs and promoted proliferation and migration at low concentrations. The 0.1 μg/mL GOQD concentration optimally enhanced odontogenic differentiation, showing the highest ALP activity, increased mineralization, upregulation of odontogenic genes (RUNX2, OCN, DSPP, ALP), and increased expression of dentine-formation proteins (RUNX2, DSPP, DMP-1). Mechanistically, GOQDs increased nuclear β-catenin signal, and the pro-odontogenic effect was reversed by the Wnt inhibitor (DKK-1), suggesting that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is at least partly involved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Low concentration GOQDs exhibit excellent biocompatibility with SCAPs and promote cell proliferation, migration and odontogenic differentiation. The optimal concentration for odontogenic differentiation is 0.1 μg/mL, at which GOQDs significantly upregulate the expression of odontogenic markers (RUNX2, ALP, DSPP, OCN, DMP‑1), suggesting that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is at least partly involved.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This in vitro study suggests that low concentration GOQDs may enhance odontogenic differentiation of SCAPs, supporting further investigation of GOQDs in regenerative endodontics. However, in vivo validation and long-term biosafety assessment are required before any clinical application can be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":15585,"journal":{"name":"Journal of dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"107100"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149148323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}