{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of rosuvastatin-loaded nanoemulsions against lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.","authors":"Zahra Saberi, Neda Rostamkhani, Mohammadreza Saghatchi Zanjani, Maryam Salimi, Sina Andalib, Hamid Rashidzadeh, Iraj Jafari Anarkooli, Zahra Karami","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2538037","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2538037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroinflammation is a pathophysiological feature of several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and traumatic brain injury, resulting from various intrinsic and environmental triggers. However, effective treatments are hindered by challenges in drug delivery to the central nervous system, primarily due to the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we investigated the potential of rosuvastatin-loaded nanoemulsions for neuroinflammation treatment. The mean diameter and zeta potential of developed RSV-NEs were 124.8 ± 1.23 nm and -40.5 ± 3.2 mV, respectively. TEM analysis revealed the spherical morphology and uniformity of nano-droplets. A cell viability study on the PC12 cell line confirmed the safety of RSV-NEs up to the concentration of 300 µg/mL. The protective efficacy of orally administrated RSV-NEs against LPS-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress was assessed in SD rats. According to histopathological assessments, LPS-induced damage was prevented by RSV-NEs through a neuroprotective effect linked to a reduction in GFAP<sup>+</sup> cells. Moreover, TBARS levels in the rat brain cortex decreased by 3.9 times, and the cerebellum's SH increased by 1.7 times in the RSV-NEs-treated group compared to the LPS group. These findings suggest that utilising nanoemulsion delivery systems may offer improved efficacy for CNS disorders, addressing significant challenges in the management of neuroinflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hadi Karimzadeh, Reza Aghaei, Amirreza Jourabchi, Hamed Shoorei, Morteza Abdi
{"title":"Novel therapeutic aspects of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in female reproductive disorders.","authors":"Hadi Karimzadeh, Reza Aghaei, Amirreza Jourabchi, Hamed Shoorei, Morteza Abdi","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2540853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1061186X.2025.2540853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infertility affects millions of women worldwide, with causes ranging from ovarian dysfunction to endometrial disorders. Conventional treatments, such as hormone therapy and assisted reproductive technologies (ART), often have limited success and significant side effects. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a promising alternative, offering therapeutic potential through their cargo of proteins, nucleic acids, and bioactive molecules that regulate tissue repair and regeneration. This review explores the role of EVs in addressing female infertility by enhancing ovarian follicle development, improving endometrial receptivity, and mitigating inflammation or fibrosis in reproductive tissues. We summarise preclinical and clinical evidence supporting EV-based therapies, discuss key mechanisms of action, and highlight challenges in translation, including standardisation, scalability, and safety. By evaluating current advancements and future prospects, this review highlights the experimental potential of EVs as a novel, cell-free approach under investigation for restoring fertility in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-03-13DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2477764
Silvina Tiburzi, Virginia Lezcano, Gabriel Principe, María Gabriela Montiel Schneider, Alicia B Miravalles, Verónica Lassalle, Ariana Bruzzone, Verónica González-Pardo
{"title":"Quercetin-loaded magnetic nanoparticles: a promising tool for antitumor treatment in human breast cancer cells.","authors":"Silvina Tiburzi, Virginia Lezcano, Gabriel Principe, María Gabriela Montiel Schneider, Alicia B Miravalles, Verónica Lassalle, Ariana Bruzzone, Verónica González-Pardo","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2477764","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2477764","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quercetin (QUE) is a phytoestrogen with known antitumor properties; however, its hydrophobic nature and low bioavailability limit its efficacy as an anticancer drug. To address this, we explored loading QUE onto a non-toxic nanocarrier. This study focused on the biological activity of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with polyethylene glycol (MAG@PEG) loaded with QUE (MAG@PEG@QUE) in MCF-7 cells. The MAG@PEG nanosystem was synthesised using a hydrothermal method, and QUE was incorporated by adding an alcoholic solution of QUE to an aqueous dispersion of MAG@PEG. QUE incorporation was confirmed qualitatively by FTIR spectroscopy and quantitatively through UV-visible spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity studies showed that MAG@PEG@QUE, at a concentration equivalent to the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) of free QUE, significantly reduced cell proliferation and viability while increasing apoptosis. MCF-7 cells treated with MAG@PEG@QUE also displayed actin cytoskeleton alterations typical of apoptotic cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed clusters of magnetic nanoparticles within cellular vesicles. Targeted delivery of these nanoparticles was achieved using a static magnetic field, leading to high intracellular accumulation and selective cell death in targeted areas, without affecting adjacent cells. In conclusion, MAG@PEG@QUE shows comparable antitumor effects to free QUE and has the potential to enhance QUE's bioavailability and targeted delivery for breast cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1227-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2522505
{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2522505","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2522505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144368882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2468758
Amirhossein Babaei, Hossein Ebrahimi, Tina Shokouhi Kouchaksaraei, Seyyed Mohammad Hamidi, Mohadeseh Khazaeialiabad, Ali Siahposht-Khachaki, Pedram Ebrahimnejad
{"title":"Development and optimization of curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles using Box-Behnken design and evaluation of its efficacy in modulating morphine-induced conditioned place preference: <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in silico</i> studies.","authors":"Amirhossein Babaei, Hossein Ebrahimi, Tina Shokouhi Kouchaksaraei, Seyyed Mohammad Hamidi, Mohadeseh Khazaeialiabad, Ali Siahposht-Khachaki, Pedram Ebrahimnejad","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2468758","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2468758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug addiction, particularly to opioids like morphine, remains a pressing global health issue. Curcumin, a natural flavonoid, holds promise for treating neurological disorders, yet faces challenges, such as poor solubility and limited bioavailability across the blood-brain barrier. Solid lipid nanoparticles offer a solution, facilitating drug delivery to the brain. Using the Box-Behnken design, nanoparticles were optimised, yielding particles sized 152 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.254, and an encapsulation efficiency of 70.74%. These nanoparticles enhance curcumin concentration and retention in brain tissue. Behavioural experiments using the conditioned place preference (CPP) test confirmed curcumin's impact on morphine addiction and its modulation of c-Fos gene expression. Pharmacological network analysis identified potential mechanisms of action, highlighting common targets in calcium and serotonin pathways. Docking simulations showed curcumin's affinity for proteins like 5HT1A, MAO-A, and TRPV1, relevant to addiction pathways. This research underscores the potential of curcumin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles as a therapeutic approach for combating opioid addiction and neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1145-1166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2469751
Amulya Jindal, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Anoop Kumar
{"title":"Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) as nano-carrier framework for permeability modulating approaches of BCS class III drug.","authors":"Amulya Jindal, Pankaj Kumar Sharma, Anoop Kumar","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2469751","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2469751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this review is to focus on the Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) as an effective nanocarrier framework for permeability modulating approaches (PMA) of BCS class-III drugs and its challenges. Present review updates the recent trends in the SNEDDS research where it was employed as a cargo carrier for PMA and challenges. Patient compliance, ease of administration and non-invasiveness mode are non-trivial aspects in the oral administration of drugs. However, low aqueous solubility and impaired permeability are two prominent challenges resulting poor absorption of a drug. SNEDDS emerged as a dual nano-carrier system to enable nanodispersion of PMA via e.g. ion-pairing, phospholipid-complex, surfactant-drug interaction, loading of non-ionizable, free drug bases etc. These PMAs are embedded within the lipid phase of SNEDDS to produce nanosizing, enhancing nano-dispersibility via micellization/solubilization mechanism owing to its ternary components. Review highlights different PMAs employed in bioavailability enhancement of BCS class-III. It covers excipients employed in SNEDDS-loaded PMA, strategies for the hydrophobic transformation of water-soluble drugs for BCS class-III drugs. SNEDDS as a nano-cargo system for PMAs significantly modifies the bioavailability of BCS class-III drugs. SNEDDS is an isotropic-mixture of oil, surfactant:co-surfactant offers multipoint access to PMA loading and produces nano-dispersion in aqueous-medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1067-1087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2473024
Mona A Sawali, Muhammad Ammar Zahid, Shahenda Salah Abdelsalam, Raed M Al-Zoubi, Mohanad Shkoor, Abdelali Agouni
{"title":"The role of PTP1B in cardiometabolic disorders and endothelial dysfunction.","authors":"Mona A Sawali, Muhammad Ammar Zahid, Shahenda Salah Abdelsalam, Raed M Al-Zoubi, Mohanad Shkoor, Abdelali Agouni","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2473024","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2473024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a global health concern that accounts for a large share of annual mortality. Endothelial dysfunction is the main underlying factor that eventually leads to cardiovascular events. Recent studies have underscored the critical function of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) in the onset of endothelial dysfunction, chiefly through its involvement in metabolic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and leptin resistance. PTP1B attenuates insulin and leptin signalling by dephosphorylating their respective receptors at key tyrosine residues, resulting in resistance-both of which are significant mechanisms underpinning the development of endothelial dysfunction. PTP1B also contributes to the disruption of the endoplasmic reticulum, causing endoplasmic reticulum stress, another molecular driver of endothelial dysfunction. Efforts to inhibit PTP1B activity hold the promise of advancing the prevention and management of CVD and metabolic disorders, as these conditions share common risk factors and underlying cellular mechanisms. Numerous small molecules have been reported as PTP1B inhibitors; however, their progression to advanced clinical trials has been hindered by major challenges such as low selectivity and undesirable side effects. This review provides an in-depth analysis of PTP1B's involvement in metabolic diseases and its interaction with CVD and examines the strategies and challenges related to inhibiting this enzyme.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1098-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2474639
Xiaofei Zhang, Guohao Yin, Minbo Lan, Hongli Zhao
{"title":"2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl: a new potential targeted ligand based on lipid peroxidation for targeted drug delivery.","authors":"Xiaofei Zhang, Guohao Yin, Minbo Lan, Hongli Zhao","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2474639","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2474639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The side effects of chemotherapy drugs have prompted the development of targeted therapies. Distinctive abundance of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in tumour cells represents a potential target for drug delivery. However, LPO-based targeted ligands remain under-exploited. In this work, the targeting of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPO), was investigated within a mesoporous silica nanoparticle (MSN) loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and connected with 4-NH<sub>2</sub>-TEMPO obtaining DOX/MSN-TEMPO. A cellular uptake assay showed a faster uptake of DOX/MSN-TEMPO than blank group on Hela, L929 and 4T1 cells, revealing TEMPO's active targeting ability for tumour cells. After observing this phenomenon, the fabrication of a basic copolymer module carrying cyanine5.5 (Cy5.5) and TEMPO was reported. <i>In vivo</i> experiments were conducted on mouse MCF-7 tumour models, displaying selective aggregation of nano micelles at the tumour site and thereby verifying the broad applicability of TEMPO. Since the large amounts of LPO lead to the presence of numerous free radicals, whereas TEMPO, as a free radical capture agent, further selectively targets tumour cells. These findings verify the targeting ability of TEMPO for most tumour cells and collectively underscore the potential of TEMPO and analogous capture agents as innovative targeted ligands for drug delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1203-1214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-05-29DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2508577
{"title":"Retraction statement.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2508577","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2508577","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Drug TargetingPub Date : 2025-08-01Epub Date: 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1080/1061186X.2025.2479757
Chuanliang Mi, Sai Liu, Zhida Chen
{"title":"Redefining hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: nanotechnology meets tumor immune microenvironment.","authors":"Chuanliang Mi, Sai Liu, Zhida Chen","doi":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2479757","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1061186X.2025.2479757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide, characterised by its complex pathogenesis and poor therapeutic outcomes. Despite recent advances in targeted molecular therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapy, the 5-year survival rate for this neoplasm remains dismally low. The progress in nanotechnology has revolutionised cancer treatment in recent years. These advances provide unprecedented opportunities to overcome the current limitations of different therapeutic modalities. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of how nanotechnology interfaces with the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) in HCC and can present a new frontier in therapeutic interventions for HCC. We critically overview the latest developments in nanoparticle-based delivery systems for various drugs and also other antitumor agents like thermal therapy and radiotherapy. We also highlight the unique ability of nanoparticles to modulate the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, we analyse emerging strategies that exploit nanoformulations to overcome biological barriers and enhance drug bioavailability in HCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15573,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Drug Targeting","volume":" ","pages":"1125-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143624972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}