Lucas Kruger, Kathryn Bambino, Kristine Schmalenberg, Uma Santhanam, David Orentreich, Catherine Orentreich, Jodi Logerfo, Claude Saliou
{"title":"Efficacy of Topical Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate-Peptide Product Versus Fractional CO<sub>2</sub> Laser in Facial Aging.","authors":"Lucas Kruger, Kathryn Bambino, Kristine Schmalenberg, Uma Santhanam, David Orentreich, Catherine Orentreich, Jodi Logerfo, Claude Saliou","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many people are interested in addressing visible signs of aging with non-invasive cosmetic treatments. Development of effective topical products will provide options to delay or support cosmetic procedures.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study assessed and compared the efficacy and tolerance of a topical product used over the course of 16 weeks to a single ablative laser treatment on women with moderate global photodamage on the face.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects in Cell 1 (Laser Cell) were treated over the entire face with a fractional CO<sub>2</sub> laser system. Subjects in Cell 2 (Topical Serum Cell) were treated with a topical serum containing hydroxypinacolone retinoate and peptides over the entire face, twice per day for 16 weeks. The study was composed of 71 women, with 29 in the Laser Cell (mean age 56.2) and 42 in the Topical Serum Cell (mean age 55.0), between 40 and 65 years old. Expert grading was used to determine efficacy parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the Topical Serum Cell achieved more significant improvement (p < 0.05) in Marionette lines, fine lines (global face), wrinkles (global face), wrinkles (crow's feet), nasolabial folds, texture, smoothness (tactile), global hyperpigmentation, lift, and photodamage compared to participants in the Laser Cell. Participants in the Topical Serum Cell achieved parity in the look of fine lines (crow's feet), forehead lines, glabella, firmness/bounce (tactile), skin tone evenness, radiance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While no statistically significant differences in tolerability were observed, treatment with the topical cosmetic product achieved parity or statistically better improvement in parameters compared to laser treatment at 16 weeks.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142467109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
McKenzie E Maloney, Sofia Iglesia, Tatiana Kononov, Alisar S Zahr, Michael H Gold
{"title":"A Randomized, Single-Center, Double-Blind, Controlled Case Study Evaluating Procedure Pairing of a Neurocosmetic Postprocedure Cream With Radiofrequency Microneedling for Facial Rejuvenation.","authors":"McKenzie E Maloney, Sofia Iglesia, Tatiana Kononov, Alisar S Zahr, Michael H Gold","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiofrequency (RF) microneedling produces patient discomfort which deters patients from completing the recommended treatment series.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The primary objective was to determine the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of a neurocosmetic postprocedure cream post-RF microneedling in reducing patient discomfort and enhancing recovery across the length of the study and, secondarily, to evaluate against a leading comparator. The third objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the neurocosmetic on self-perceived improvement and objective grading.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved, fourteen-day, randomized, single-center, double-blind, controlled clinical case study was conducted with 11 healthy female subjects, 6 randomized to the neurocosmetic and 5 to the comparator cell. Following a 7-day washout period, subjects received RF microneedling (face and neck) and applied the postprocedure cream twice daily for 7 days. Objective and subjective tolerability, self-assessments, and clinical photography were performed immediately postprocedure, 24 h, three and seven days following the procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The neurocosmetic was tolerable and safe. Erythema and stinging immediately decreased postprocedure, postneurocosmetic application. After 24 h, 83% favorably agreed the neurocosmetic \"reduced irritation on the skin post-procedure,\" and after 7 days, 100% favorably agreed \"experience with the product was positive and I would be interested in returning for a second treatment.\" The neurocosmetic reduced skin tone redness in the face and neck faster and to a greater degree when measured against a comparator.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The neurocosmetic postprocedure cream improved patient discomfort and enhanced recovery when used immediately post-RF microneedling and after 7 days.</p><p><strong>Irb protocol number: </strong>Pro00064211.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christoph Martschin, Ruba Bahhady, Jason Li, Walter Loureiro, Wesam Mansour, Andrei Metelitsa, Kuldeep Minocha, Michael Somenek, Keywan Taghetchian, Tanongkiet Tienthavorn
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Novel Holistic Skin Quality Assessment Scale.","authors":"Christoph Martschin, Ruba Bahhady, Jason Li, Walter Loureiro, Wesam Mansour, Andrei Metelitsa, Kuldeep Minocha, Michael Somenek, Keywan Taghetchian, Tanongkiet Tienthavorn","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiant skin is a common patient request and the result of multiple contributing factors. Currently, there is no standardized methodological approach that facilitates assessment of skin quality from a holistic perspective.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To develop a holistic methodological process to assess skin quality using a scale that helps identify treatment priorities, facilitates conversation with the subject, and helps manage expectations, supports long-term treatment plans, and tracks treatment progress over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten global experts (dermatologists and esthetic physicians) identified the main measurable aspects that contribute to skin quality, and these were combined to form the Skin Quality Assessment Scale (SQS). The scale comprises four overarching skin quality domains containing nine measurable aspects: texture (pores, lines, scars); discoloration (redness, pigmentation, dullness); firmness (laxity); and hydro-lipid balance (oiliness, dryness). Each aspect is graded on a 4-point severity scale (0 = none to 3 = severe). The SQS was validated by a large group of practicing clinicians.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Practicing clinicians (> 40, 78% dermatologists) were surveyed; prior to reviewing the scale, 67% did not use any scale but 81% believed a holistic SQS was needed. After reviewing the scale, 100% agreed the scale provides a holistic assessment of skin quality. In addition, 95% agreed the scale helps assess all key aspects of skin quality with subjects and 98% deemed it valuable for their clinic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SQS represents a holistic assessment tool that engages with and manages subjects' expectations, identifies treatment priorities, creates a long-term treatment plan, and visualizes the skin quality improvement over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Almuntsrbellah M Almudimeegh, Sulaiman O AlObaid, Turki H Albinhar, Muhannad M Alwadany, Ahmed H Alajlan, Nora A Alhedaithi, Razan M Alawadh, Abdulaziz N Kadasa, Abdulaziz S Alobaid, Yazeed H Alshathry, Rakan H Alsalhi
{"title":"Prevalence and Predictors of Premature Graying of Hair Before the Age of 30: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Almuntsrbellah M Almudimeegh, Sulaiman O AlObaid, Turki H Albinhar, Muhannad M Alwadany, Ahmed H Alajlan, Nora A Alhedaithi, Razan M Alawadh, Abdulaziz N Kadasa, Abdulaziz S Alobaid, Yazeed H Alshathry, Rakan H Alsalhi","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Graying is an inherent and unavoidable consequence of the aging process, impacting individuals of all genders. There are limited studies in Saudi Arabia that have examined the prevalence and predictors of premature graying of hair (PGH).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore the prevalence and predictors of PGH before the age of 30 among the population of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional online survey that was conducted between July 2023 and February 2024 in Saudi Arabia. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors of having gray hair before the age of 30.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1193 participants were involved in this study. A significant portion of respondents reported having gray hair before the age of 30 (55.9%). The younger population (younger than 44 years), smokers, and those who have comorbidities, have anxiety, have depression, have a family history of gray hair before the age of 30 years, have a dry scalp, suffer from vitamin or mineral deficiencies, have hair loss due to immune diseases (such as alopecia), and use minoxidil or rosemary for hair loss were more likely to have gray hair before the age of 30 years (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlighted the high prevalence rate and associated predictors of PGH in Saudi Arabia. Identified predictors include genetic, health, and lifestyle factors. Healthcare professionals and decision makers are advised to promote the awareness of the general public on its risk factors to enhance the prevention of PGH. Public health initiatives include campaigns on smoking cessation, healthy nutrition, and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianhua Zhang, Shichao Liu, Wenjiao Guo, Na Li, Yun Huang
{"title":"A Highly Efficient and User-Friendly Sensitive Skin Model on the Forearm.","authors":"Jianhua Zhang, Shichao Liu, Wenjiao Guo, Na Li, Yun Huang","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sensitive skin is a worldwide skin problem, and its assessment of therapeutic efficacy traditionally relies on the facial stinging test. However, this test possesses certain limitations due to its restrictive application site, intense pain sensation, and adverse effects on physical appearance.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to develop and evaluate a highly efficient and user-friendly sensitive skin simulation model, which combines tape stripping and capsaicin testing on the forearm (FA-TS-CAT), as an alternative to the facial stinging test.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted involving 74 subjects. Skin redness (a* value), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and self-assessment questionnaires were collected at different time points for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tape stripping 5 times and 10 min application of capsaicin test were identified as the optimal conditions for the FA-TS-CAT model. Consistent stimulation and natural recovery trends of a* value and TEWL were observed on both the FA-TS-CAT and facial capsaicin test (F-CAT) models within 50 min. After the 4-t-butylcyclohexanol complex emulsion was applied, the a* value in the FA-TS-CAT model exhibited a soothing trend similar to the F-CAT model, with a significantly reduced by 3.99-fold and 3.28-fold at T3 and T4 (p < 0.001), compared to the placebo. Notably, the test efficiency of the FA-TS-CAT model was threefold higher than that of the F-CAT model, and subjects showed more willingness to participate in the FA-TS-CAT test (95.95% vs. 4.05%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicated the FA-TS-CAT is a highly efficient and user-friendly model for sensitive skin, providing a reliable and valid method for clinical research in sensitive skin treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Metaverse: A New Frontier in the Management of Hair Loss and Nail Disorders.","authors":"Mohamad Goldust, Lidia Rudnicka","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gi-Woong Hong, Soo-Bin Kim, Youngjin Park, Soo Yeon Park, Lisa Kwin Wah Chan, Kar Wai Alvin Lee, Olena Sydorchuk, Jovian Wan, Kyu-Ho Yi
{"title":"Anatomical Considerations for Thread Lifting Procedure.","authors":"Gi-Woong Hong, Soo-Bin Kim, Youngjin Park, Soo Yeon Park, Lisa Kwin Wah Chan, Kar Wai Alvin Lee, Olena Sydorchuk, Jovian Wan, Kyu-Ho Yi","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thread lifting is a minimally invasive procedure that enhances facial aesthetics by repositioning sagging tissues with absorbable threads. It requires a comprehensive understanding of facial anatomy for safe and effective results.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to highlight the critical anatomical considerations in thread lifting, including the navigation of facial vascular structures, the protection of facial nerves, manipulation of fat compartments, and engagement of retaining ligaments. These factors are essential for minimizing complications and achieving optimal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Patients/methods: </strong>A review was conducted focusing on the anatomical elements critical to thread lifting. The study analyzed clinical outcomes related to vascular structures, nerve pathways, fat compartments, and ligaments in patients undergoing the procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review revealed that careful navigation of facial blood vessels is crucial to avoid complications such as bleeding and bruising. Knowledge of facial nerve pathways is essential to prevent nerve damage, which could result in facial weakness or paralysis. Proper manipulation of facial fat compartments helps address aging-related changes, and engaging retaining ligaments is vital for a sustainable lift without tissue distortion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thread lifting demands not only technical skill but also a deep understanding of facial anatomy to ensure patient safety and desired aesthetic results. Expertise in these anatomical considerations is essential for minimizing complications and preserving the natural function of facial structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuwei Huang, Siliang Chen, Xu Liu, Dan Du, Xian Jiang
{"title":"Differences in the Clinical Characteristics of Male Patients With Different Ages of Rosacea: A Retrospective Study of 215 Male Outpatients.","authors":"Yuwei Huang, Siliang Chen, Xu Liu, Dan Du, Xian Jiang","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16620","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jocd.16620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rosacea is more common in women and Caucasians, leading to little research on rosacea in Asian men. Additionally, there is limited research on the patients across different age groups.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the characteristics of male patients of rosacea among different age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 215 male patients with rosacea, investigating their characteristics, clinical symptoms, exacerbating factors, complications, psychological status, and treatment, as well as exploring factors influencing the early onset of male rosacea.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients were divided into three age groups (≤ 30 years, 31-44 years, and ≥ 45 years), with the study revealing an average age of 38.59 ± 13.13 years among the patients. The most common subtype of rosacea in men was erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR), followed by phymatous rosacea (PhR). The main reported features included persistent erythema (87.4%) and telangiectasia (71.2%), predominantly affecting the nose (58.6%) and cheeks (56.3%). Twenty-six percent of patients reported concurrent skin diseases, with 14.0% reporting systemic diseases. Significant differences were observed among different age groups regarding family history, clinical features, lesion distribution, symptom severity, aggravating factors, presence of systemic diseases, and treatment preferences. Subjective skin typing, Fitzpatrick phototype, and positive family history were identified as factors influencing the age of onset of rosacea in men.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Male patients with rosacea exhibit distinct clinical characteristics, with a greater prevalence of nasal involvement and nasal lesions among male patients. Clinical features vary among different age groups, with patients aged ≥ 45 experiencing more complex and severe symptoms. Patients aged ≤ 30 may be more influenced by genetic factors and have higher treatment expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji Yeon Hong, Yoon Hwan Lee, Hyun-Jo Kim, Kui Young Park
{"title":"Therapeutic Performance of Needle Injection Versus Needle-Free Jet Injector System for Polynucleotide Filler in Skin Rejuvenation.","authors":"Ji Yeon Hong, Yoon Hwan Lee, Hyun-Jo Kim, Kui Young Park","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Polynucleotide (PN) filler often causes pain and can lead to delivery inaccuracies when applied via intradermal injection using a traditional needle.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of treatment and the pain during the procedure using conventional needle injection versus a needle-free jet system for intradermal PN filler application.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this split-face clinical trial, 10 Korean subjects were enrolled. Each subject received an intradermal injection of PN filler on one side of the face and a needle-free jet injection using CureJet on the other side. Assessments included global and 3D skin imaging at each visit. Pain intensity was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) scores during the injection. Additionally, patient satisfaction and adverse events were documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed that Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores and patient satisfaction were significantly higher with the CureJet compared to the needle injection method. VAS scores were notably lower on the CureJet side. Improvements in both pore and wrinkle indices were observed from baseline, with a more pronounced improvement rate on the CureJet side compared to the needle injection side.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Needle-free injection of PN for aging skin was found to be effective in enhancing pore and wrinkle improvement, while reducing associated discomfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Corine Cicchetti, Carla Mazzeo, Michael Heke, Michael Crowley, Akis Ntonos, Erin Crowley
{"title":"Topical Wharton's Jelly MSC-Derived Age Zero™ Exosome Treatments After Micro-Needling for Skin Rejuvenation.","authors":"Corine Cicchetti, Carla Mazzeo, Michael Heke, Michael Crowley, Akis Ntonos, Erin Crowley","doi":"10.1111/jocd.16561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.16561","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15546,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}