Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Hydroxyzine-induced fixed drug eruption and cross-reaction with oxatomide","authors":"Mizuki Terada MD, Shujiro Hayashi MD, PhD, Maki Okamoto MD, Ken Igawa MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12275","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12275","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Oxatomide and hydroxyzine are two anti-H1 antihistamines used for treating urticaria, pruritus dermatitis, pollinosis, and several other diseases. In general, anti-H1 antihistamines rarely elicit cutaneous adverse effects.<span><sup>1</sup></span> We report a case of fixed drug eruption (FDE) caused by the cross-reaction between oxatomide and hydroxyzine.</p><p>A 50-year-old woman had a history of taking oxatomide for seasonal pollinosis. She took oxatomide in the first season of 2002. Painful erythema and erosions appeared 5 h after taking the drug. These symptoms appeared on the lower lip and at the mucocutaneous junction (Figure 1A), with positive results in the patch test (PT; Figure 1B) for oxatomide and oral challenge test. The same skin lesion appeared 5 h after taking oxatomide; these results led to the diagnosis of oxatomide-induced FDE. This eruption improved after the discontinuation of oxatomide and administration of prednisolone (PSL) at 0.6 mg/kg/day for 1 week.</p><p>We previously reported and published the above-mentioned case until this clinical point.<span><sup>2</sup></span> Although she took eszopiclone and bepotastine besilate for insomnia because of pollinosis, no drug eruption appeared. One year later, she took hydroxyzine for the first time for sleeplessness because of pollinosis. On the next morning, she had fever and subsequently experienced lip discomfort. Furthermore, on the next day, erythema, blisters, and erosions appeared around the lower lip (Figure 1C). These eruptions were almost similar to the previously described oxatomide-induced FDE. PT against hydroxyzine revealed positive results, and the patient was diagnosed with hydroxyzine-induced FDE (Figure 1D). The eruptions improved using the same treatment that was used for oxatomide-induced eruptions. Moreover, pollinosis-associated insomnia improved using eszopiclone and did not cause any skin eruptions.</p><p>FDE is a clinical form of drug eruption that induces erythema in the same region of the body after each administration of the causative drug. PT at the lesion is an effective means for diagnosis.<span><sup>3</sup></span> However, few reports have implicated such drugs in the development of FDE, particularly the piperazine derivatives, such as hydroxyzine, cetirizine, and levocetirizine.<span><sup>1</sup></span> Bhari et al.<span><sup>4</sup></span> reported the case of a patient with an allergy to a drug containing a piperazine ring, who presented a cross-reaction to two other drugs containing piperazine rings. There are no reports on the cross-reactivity between oxatomide and hydroxyzine; however, both share a piperazine ring structure (red circles in Figure 1E,F). Thus, cross-reactivity could appear. In this case, although eszopiclone has a piperazine ring (Figure 1G), no eruption has been reported to date. Therefore, the antigenic determinant in our case was not a piperazine ring. Oxatomide and hydroxyzine share not only a piperazine ring but also tw","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 2","pages":"59-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46403890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of cutaneous Mycobacterium chelonae infection requiring a differential diagnosis of Mycobacterium stephanolepidis infection","authors":"Okuto Iwasawa MD,&nbsp;Koji Kamiya MD, PhD,&nbsp;Takayuki Suzuki MD,&nbsp;Shinya Watanabe PhD,&nbsp;Longzhu Cui MD, PhD,&nbsp;Daiki Karube MD,&nbsp;Soichiro Kado MD,&nbsp;Takeo Maekawa MD, PhD,&nbsp;Mayumi Komine MD, PhD,&nbsp;Mamitaro Ohtsuki MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12276","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Mycobacterium stephanolepidis</i> is a rapidly growing mycobacterium, closely related to <i>Mycobacterium chelonae</i>. It was first reported in 2017, and whether it is infectious to humans is unknown. Here, we report a rare case of cutaneous <i>M. chelonae</i> infection requiring a differential diagnosis of <i>M. stephanolepidis</i> infection.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 2","pages":"61-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49563610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of pigment stem cells in hair follicles in the treatment of vitiligo with a 308-nm excimer laser: An immunohistochemical study of human cases","authors":"Reiko Noborio MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yuki Nomura MD,&nbsp;Kahori Nakatani MD,&nbsp;Takahiro Kiyohara MD, PhD,&nbsp;Emi Nishida MD, PhD,&nbsp;Motoki Nakamura MD, PhD,&nbsp;Akimichi Morita MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12271","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12271","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An immunohistochemical study of human vitiligo case was performed. The excimer laser irradiation may induce the differentiation of melanoblasts and melanocytes from bulge stem cell.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 1","pages":"35-37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43165007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutrophilic dermatosis with necrobiotic changes as an unusual manifestation after the first shot of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine together with a high fever and liver injury","authors":"Shigeruko Iijima MD, PhD,&nbsp;Chiaki Enami MD,&nbsp;Mikio Sato MD, PhD,&nbsp;Takahiko Tsunoda MD, PhD,&nbsp;Kazunobu Otoyama MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12279","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12279","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines sometimes cause various skin rashes. We report an unusual case of erythema nodosum-like nodules with vesicular and pustular papules, which arose after the first shot of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. A skin biopsy showed marked neutrophilic infiltration with necrobiotic changes throughout the dermis and subcutis. Immunohistochemically, CD8⁺ cells were much more common than CD4⁺ cells in the dense neutrophilic infiltrates. Many CD68⁺ macrophages were present around the CD8⁺ cells. No cases of neutrophilic dermatosis with necrobiotic changes have been reported. Thus, our findings should be added to the cutaneous adverse effects of the vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 2","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12279","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46774470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of severe fingertip ulcers, pulmonary hypertension, and scleroderma renal crisis in a patient with systemic sclerosis and anti-PL12 antibodies","authors":"Akiko Kaneshima MD,&nbsp;Takuya Miyagi MD,&nbsp;Sayaka Yamaguchi MD, PhD,&nbsp;Yoshinao Muro MD, PhD,&nbsp;Kenzo Takahashi MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12270","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12270","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A 50-year-old Japanese woman with limited cutaneous-type SSc presented with severe gangrene in the fingertips of the hands and hypertension, tested positive for anti-PL-12 antibodies. She was diagnosed with acute heart failure owing to scleroderma renal crisis and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Therapeutic agents for pulmonary arterial hypertension were also effective for the digital gangrene.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 1","pages":"32-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47328621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erythema annulare centrifugum in the setting of COVID-19 infection: A case report and literature review","authors":"Misako Fujisaki MD,&nbsp;Takumi Hasegawa MD,&nbsp;Noritaka Oyama MD, PhD,&nbsp;Koji Yamaoka MD,&nbsp;Masaki Anzai MD, PhD,&nbsp;Minoru Hasegawa MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12274","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12274","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is a figurate papulo-erythema following a self-limiting course, caused by a variety of underlying factors. Skin manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection considerably vary,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and sometimes exhibit clinically ambiguous appearance compared to the original disease image (e.g., erythema multiforme-like, Gianotti-Crosti-like, pernio-like, and livedo-like eruptions),&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; but COVID-19-associated EAC or similar eruption has rarely been reported to date.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;An otherwise healthy 49-year-old Japanese male who had a 2-week history of malaise was diagnosed with COVID-19 by a positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2. He had never received the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The next day after receiving 200 mg/day of remdesivir intravenously, asymptomatic erythema appeared suddenly on the lumbar and extremities. Physical examination showed non-coalescent edematous erythema with partially defined borders on the lumbar and legs (Figure 1A,B). A routine laboratory test and screening for autoimmune diseases showed no abnormal findings, except for atypical lymphocytes and elevated CRP. The chest CT showed diffuse frosted shadows in both lungs suggestive of COVID-19. Skin biopsy revealed focal spongiosis, vacuolar changes along with the dermo-epidermal junction, and densely packed inflammatory cell infiltrates around blood vessels in the superficial dermis (Figure 1C). The infiltrating cells are composed of predominant lymphocytes and scant eosinophils with a “coat-sleeve”-like appearance (Figure 1D). The clinicopathological findings raised the diagnosis of EAC. After discontinuation of remdesivir, he was treated with topical steroids and oral antihistamine, providing successful remission of the skin lesion by 1 month, as the COVID-19-related symptoms lessened. The skin lesion has never recurred thereafter.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Most cases with EAC are clinically idiopathic, although the current concept regarding the disease pathogenesis suggests a delayed-type hypersensitivity to various antigens, including viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, drugs, foods, malignancy or other systemic diseases.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; This is supported by evidence that the skin manifestation of EAC is alleviated by treatment of the underlying disease. EAC associated with viral infection has been reported to be triggered by various viruses, such as EB virus, poxvirus, HIV, varicella-zoster virus, and influenza virus, and is mostly transient like our case or displays a fluctuating skin lesion in parallel with the viral disease activity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To our knowledge, there have been only four case reports, including ours, for EAC encountered in association with COVID-19 infection; one of whom resolved with oral doxycycline,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and three others improved with topical steroids and/or antihistamine.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8, 9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Except one child case,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/spa","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 2","pages":"57-58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46670599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-inflammatory Action of the Treated-Yeast, Milmed, Under IBS-IBD Conditions","authors":"T. Archer","doi":"10.37191/mapsci-2582-6549-3(1)-032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37191/mapsci-2582-6549-3(1)-032","url":null,"abstract":"In order to assess the anti-inflammatory and therapeutic action of the probiotic, treated-yeast Milmed, twelve patients (age range 25-to-79 years) presenting IBS-IBD with a wide range of gut-intestinal symptoms, were studied. Each patient completed a questionnaire outlining demographic characteristics and test items regarding their health issues, both prior to and after the twelve-week period (on three occasions each week) of Milmed intervention. Patients’ accounts of their symptom-profiles were quantified and subjected to statistical analyses. It was observed that in comparison with the placebo (administered untreated-yeast) control, the Milmed group reported fewer symptoms, following treatment, as well as also fewer symptoms compared to their pre-treatment report. Untreated-yeast administration to patients did not induce any reduction of IBS-IBD symptoms. There was no correlation between patients’ responses regarding symptoms Before and After intervention. It is possible that increasing the number of capsules ingested per week, from 3/week to 1/day, may have provided the patients with greater benefits. Despite certain limitations of this study when taken together with the reported anti-inflammatory propensity of Milmed upon glial and neuronal cell cultures in vitro, these findings imply several useful therapeutic applications for the treated-yeast, Milmed, in the treatment of gut-intestinal conditions, such as IBS-IBD and other related ailments.","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73148708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of refractory hypertrophic lupus erythematosus on the face whose irreversible skin fibrosis was treated by local full-thickness skin graft under disease control with a combined use of topical and systemic immunosuppressants, and hydroxychloroquine","authors":"Shiori Sekine MD,&nbsp;Shiro Iino MD,&nbsp;Kentaro Nishimura MD,&nbsp;Sayuri Okamura MD,&nbsp;Hiroshi Kasamatsu MD,&nbsp;Noritaka Oyama MD, PhD,&nbsp;Kouichiro Hirai MD,&nbsp;Minoru Hasegawa MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12277","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hypertrophic lupus erythematosus (HLE) remains pose a treatment challenge, and often displays disfiguring scar with cosmetic and/or functional impairment. We report a male case of refractory hypertrophic lupus erythematosus on the face, whose disease activity was controlled with a combined use of topical and systemic immunosuppressants, and hydroxychloroquine. The persisted, irreversible fibrotic skin mass was finally treated with surgical approach using full-thickness skin graft, achieving a favorable cosmetic result.\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 2","pages":"63-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41573826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome due to DOCK8 deficiency: An adjunctive role for omalizumab","authors":"Kim Han Nguyen MD,&nbsp;Quynh Anh Nguyen MD, MSc,&nbsp;Mai Hoang Tran MSc,&nbsp;Thu Thuy Can BS,&nbsp;Mai Thi Vu MD, MSc,&nbsp;Nam Sy Vo PhD,&nbsp;Hieu Chu Chi PhD,&nbsp;Sheryl van Nunen MBBS, MM(Sleep Medicine), FRACP,&nbsp;Dinh Van Nguyen MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12273","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12273","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome (AR-HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by high serum IgE levels, recurrent viral skin infections, severe allergies, and early-onset malignancies, associated with mutations in the gene encoding the dedicator of cytokinesis 8 protein (DOCK8). We report a rare case of AR-HIES with DOCK8 deficiency in a young Japanese male with a past medical history of chronic atopic dermatitis, severe food allergies, and severe herpes simplex virus infection. Treatment was successfully based on infection management, skincare, and dietary elimination. In addition, anti-IgE therapy with omalizumab was the target treatment for this syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"5 6","pages":"222-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48479959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent varicella zoster virus infection following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination was associated with the presence of encoded spike protein in the lesion","authors":"Mayuko Yamamoto MD, PhD,&nbsp;Misaki Kase MD,&nbsp;Hozumi Sano MD,&nbsp;Reiko Kamijima,&nbsp;Shigetoshi Sano MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/cia2.12278","DOIUrl":"10.1002/cia2.12278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since the campaign of vaccination against COVID-19 was started, a wide variety of cutaneous adverse effects after vaccination has been documented worldwide. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation was reportedly the most frequent cutaneous reaction in men after administration of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, especially BNT162b2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A patient, who had persistent skin lesions after BNT162b2 vaccination for such a long duration over 3 months, was investigated for VZV virus and any involvement of vaccine-derived spike protein.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Immunohistochemistry for detection of VZV virus and the spike protein encoded by mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. PCR analysis for VZV virus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The diagnosis of VZV infection was made for these lesions using PCR analyses and immunohistochemistry. Strikingly, the vaccine-encoded spike protein of the COVID-19 virus was expressed in the vesicular keratinocytes and endothelial cells in the dermis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>mRNA COVID-19 vaccination might induce persistent VZV reactivation through perturbing the immune system, although it remained elusive whether the expressed spike protein played a pathogenic role.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We presented a case of persistent VZV infection following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination and the presence of spike protein in the affected skin. Further vigilance of the vaccine side effect and investigation for the role of SP is warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15543,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Immunology and Allergy","volume":"6 1","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cia2.12278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41280893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}