Journal of contaminant hydrology最新文献

{"title":"The escalating threat of human-associated infectious bacteria in surface aquatic resources: Insights into prevalence, antibiotic resistance, survival mechanisms, detection, and prevention strategies","authors":"Aslia Asif ,&nbsp;Jung-Sheng Chen ,&nbsp;Bashir Hussain ,&nbsp;Gwo-Jong Hsu ,&nbsp;Jagat Rathod ,&nbsp;Shih-Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Chin-Chia Wu ,&nbsp;Bing-Mu Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Anthropogenic activities and climate change profoundly impact water quality, leading to a concerning increase in the prevalence and abundance of bacterial pathogens across diverse aquatic environments. This rise has resulted in a growing challenge concerning the safety of water sources, particularly surface waters and marine environments. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted challenges presented by bacterial pathogens, emphasizing threads to human health within ground and surface waters, including marine ecosystems. The exploration encompasses the intricate survival mechanisms employed by bacterial pathogens and the proliferation of antimicrobial resistance, largely driven by human-generated antibiotic contamination in aquatic systems. The review further addresses prevalent pathogenic bacteria, elucidating associated risk factors, exploring their eco-physiology, and discussing the production of potent toxins. The spectrum of detection techniques, ranging from conventional to cutting-edge molecular approaches, is thoroughly examined to underscore their significance in identifying and understanding waterborne bacterial pathogens. A critical aspect highlighted in this review is the imperative for real-time monitoring of biomarkers associated with waterborne bacterial pathogens. This monitoring serves as an early warning system, facilitating the swift implementation of action plans to preserve and protect global water resources. In conclusion, this comprehensive review provides fresh insights and perspectives, emphasizing the paramount importance of preserving the quality of aquatic resources to safeguard human health on a global scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"265 ","pages":"Article 104371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141229531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrochemical fingerprints of karst underground river systems impacted by urbanization in Guiyang, Southwest China","authors":"Xiaoya Zhou ,&nbsp;Shouyang He ,&nbsp;Yingzeng Yang ,&nbsp;Pan Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Karst groundwater plays an irreplaceable role in the formation and development of urban areas, and land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) and the input of pollutants during the urbanization process would pose potential environmental risks to underground rivers. We analysed the relationship between urbanization processes and underground river hydrochemistry over nearly 35 years in Guiyang city, southwest of China, it was found that concentrations of various cations and anions, as well as total dissolved solids (TDS), gradually increased with the urbanization process, with significant fluctuations during the rapid urbanization periods. The Hydrochemical Facies Evolution Diagram (HFE<img>D) clearly showed the influence of urbanization on the hydrochemistry of the underground rivers. The ion ratios of γMg²⁺/γCa²⁺—γHCO₃⁻, γNa⁺/γCl⁻, Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺—Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺/Σ cations, HCO₃⁻/SO₄²⁻—HCO₃⁻ or SO₄²⁻/Σ anions revealed two distinct phases in the hydrochemical evolution of the underground river system, highly consistent with the urbanization process. Before the rapid urbanization, acid deposition and agricultural activities affected the hydrochemistry, with HCO₃-Ca·Mg and HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg as the dominant types controlled by limestone and dolomite dissolution in water-rock interactions. As acid deposition diminished, the input of SO₄²⁻ from urban sewage compensated for the reduced impact, but the increased impermeable surfaces reduced the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation, leading to a reduced dissolution of dolomite minerals in water-rock interactions, resulting in a decrease in Mg²⁺ and a change in the hydrochemical type. The hydrochemical type evolved from a single HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg type and HCO₃-Ca·Mg type to multiple types, such as HCO₃·Cl-Ca, HCO₃·SO₄-Ca, HCO₃-Ca, and HCO₃·SO₄-Ca·Mg, and was highly unstable. With changes in land use, the proportions of various cations and anions in the hydrochemistry changed, especially NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, Na⁺, and Cl⁻, which were more sensitive to human activities. This study indicated the impact of urbanization on the hydrochemistry of the underground river system, with the input of SO₄²⁻ from human activities and the increase in paved surfaces due to urbanization collectively altering the hydrochemical types of the underground river system. The rapid response of karst underground river system hydrochemistry indicates a potential impact on groundwater system by urbanization that should not be ignored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropogenic processes drive spatiotemporal variability of sulfate in groundwater from a multi-aquifer system: Dilution caused by mine drainage","authors":"Chenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Ankun Luo ,&nbsp;Shen Qu ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Liang ,&nbsp;Binhu Xiao ,&nbsp;Wenping Mu ,&nbsp;Yuqin Wang ,&nbsp;Ruihong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The water quality evolution of surface and groundwater caused by mining activities and mine drainage is a grave public concern worldwide. To explore the effect of mine drainage on sulfate evolution, a multi-aquifer system in a typical coal mine in Northwest China was investigated using multi-isotopes (δ³⁴S_SO4, δ¹⁸O_SO4, δD, and δ¹⁸O_water) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. Before mining, the Jurassic aquifer was dominated by gypsum dissolution, accompanied by cation exchange and bacterial sulfate reduction, and the phreatic aquifers and surface water were dominated by carbonate dissolution. Significant increase in sulfate in phreatic aquifers due to mine drainage during the early stages of coal mining. However, in contrast to common mining activities that result in sulfate contamination from pyrite oxidation, mine drainage in this mining area resulted in accelerated groundwater flow and enhanced hydraulic connections between the phreatic and confined aquifers. Dilution caused by the altered groundwater flow system controlled the evolution of sulphate, leading to different degrees of sulfate decrease in all aquifers and surface water. As the hydrogeochemical characteristic of Jurassic aquifer evolved toward phreatic aquifer, this factor should be considered to avoid misjudgment in determining the source of mine water intrusion. The study reveals the hydrogeochemical evolution induced by mine drainage, which could benefit to the management of groundwater resources in mining areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140813386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in water: Occurrence, fate and removal","authors":"Shaneel Chandra ,&nbsp;Kerry B. Walsh","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A global study on tap water samples has found that up to 83% of these contained microplastic fibres. These findings raise concerns about their potential health risks. Ingested microplastic particles have already been associated with harmful effects in animals, which raise concerns about similar outcomes in humans. Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment, commonly found disposed in landfills and waste sites. Within indoor environments, the common sources are synthetic textiles, plastic bottles, and packaging. From the various point sources, they are globally distributed through air and water and can enter humans through various pathways. The finding of microplastics in fresh snow in the Antarctic highlights just how widely they are dispersed. The behaviour and health risks from microplastic particles are strongly influenced by their physicochemical properties, which is why their surfaces are important. Surface interactions are also important in pollutant transport via adsorption onto the microplastic particles. Our review covers the latest findings in microplastics research including the latest statistics in their abundance, their occurrence and fate in the environment, the methods of reducing microplastics exposure and their removal. We conclude by proposing future research directions into more effective remediation methods including new technologies and sustainable green remediation methods that need to be explored to achieve success in microplastics removal from waters at large scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772224000640/pdfft?md5=9213cdc13d518c4e724424d7b36876cc&pid=1-s2.0-S0169772224000640-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140893451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastic contamination in Ashtamudi Lake, India: Insights from a Ramsar wetland","authors":"Suvarna S. Devi,&nbsp;Beena Ramachandran Gouri,&nbsp;S. Anjali,&nbsp;Appukuttannair Biju Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estuaries function as temporary storage sites for plastic debris, influencing the distribution of microplastics (MPs) across ecosystems. This research delves into the presence of MPs in the water, sediment, fish, and shellfish of Ashtamudi Lake, a Ramsar wetland with brackish water located on the southwest coast of India. Given the lake's significance in supporting the livelihoods of numerous fishers and acting as a vital source of fishery resources for both local consumption and export, examining the contamination of the system by MPs becomes particularly pertinent. The highest percentage composition of MPs was found in macrofauna at 60.6% (with fish at 19.6% and shellfish at 40.9%), followed by sediment (22.8%) and water (16.7%). The primary types of MPs identified in all samples were fibers (35.6%), fragments (33.3%), and films (28%), with beads being the least represented at 3.03%. ATR-FTIR and Raman spectra analysis identified five polymers from shellfish (polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, nylon, and polyvinyl chloride), five from fish guts (nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, and polysiloxane), four in sediment (polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, rayon), and four in water samples (polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon, and polystyrene). SEM-EDAX analysis of MPs obtained from the samples revealed degradation and the presence of inorganic elements such as Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, K, Cl, P, and Ca, as well as heavy metals like Pb, Mo, Rh, Pd, Ti, and Fe. The existence of these plastic polymers and heavy metals in microplastic samples poses a threat to vulnerable biota; people consume contaminated fish and shellfish, underscoring the importance of monitoring MPs in lake water. This investigation of MPs in Ashtamudi Lake highlights the system's susceptibility to plastic pollution and the bioavailability of smaller MPs to aquatic organisms. Identified sources of MPs in the lake include fishing and aquaculture activities, sewage pollution, improper solid waste management in lake watersheds, and unsustainable tourism. Upstream and downstream management interventions are recommended to address MP pollution in Ashtamudi Lake.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141041624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional modeling for colloid-facilitated contaminant transport with the effect of mobile and immobile sorbents","authors":"Akhilesh Paswan,&nbsp;Pramod Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A conceptual equilibrium-based mathematical model for colloid-associated contaminant transport has been developed to study the impact of the subsurface environment on contaminant transport through a three-dimensional, saturated, and homogeneous groundwater flow system with uniform flow. The kinetic model's critical limitation is dealing with the more significant number of parameters utilized upon application to larger scales in three-dimensional regions when a series of transport mechanisms are incorporated. Therefore, the present study is the first attempt to study the equilibrium approach in three-dimensional regions to avoid complexities in the model. The current study, however, shows that the mere existence of colloids does not indicate that contaminants will move more quickly; rather, it also depends on how the aqueous phase interacts with the static solid matrix, captured colloid particles, and mobile colloids as well as how colloids interact with stationary solid matrix phase. We noticed that the affinity of contaminants to immobile sorbents (stationary solid matrix and captured colloids) can reduce the transport even in the presence of colloids. Three-dimensional numerical experiments reveal that contaminants infiltrate more in the downward direction in the absence of colloids and can be distributed more in the longitudinal direction and less in the downward direction when colloids are present. The dual nature of colloids is espied here: first, colloids can remove pollutants from a specific area more quickly, and second, in a similar manner, colloids can pollute a specific region more quickly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104369"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS Porewater concentrations in unsaturated soil: Field and laboratory comparisons inform on PFAS accumulation at air-water interfaces","authors":"Charles E. Schaefer ,&nbsp;Dung Nguyen ,&nbsp;Yida Fang ,&nbsp;Nicholas Gonda ,&nbsp;Chuhui Zhang ,&nbsp;Stephanie Shea ,&nbsp;Christopher P. Higgins","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) leaching from unsaturated soils impacted with aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) is an environmental challenge that remains difficult to measure and predict. Complicating measurements and predictions of this process is a lack of understanding between the PFAS concentrations measured in a collected environmental unsaturated soil sample, and the PFAS concentrations measured in the corresponding porewater using field-deployed lysimeters. The applicability of bench-scale batch testing to assess this relationship also remains uncertain. In this study, field-deployed porous cup suction lysimeters were used to measure PFAS porewater concentrations in unsaturated soils at 5 AFFF-impacted sites. Field-measured PFAS porewater concentrations were compared to those measured in porewater extracted in the laboratory from collected unsaturated soil cores, and from PFAS concentrations measured in the laboratory using batch soil slurries. Results showed that, despite several years since the last AFFF release at most of the test sites, precursors were abundant in 3 out of the 5 sites. Comparison of field lysimeter results to laboratory testing suggested that the local equilibrium assumption was valid for at least 3 of the sites and conditions of this study. Surprisingly, PFAS accumulation at the air-water interface was orders of magnitude less than expected at two of the test sites, suggesting potential gaps in the understanding of PFAS accumulation at the air-water interface at AFFF-impacted sites. Finally, results herein suggest that bench-scale testing on unsaturated soils can in some cases be used to inform on PFAS in situ porewater concentrations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140816761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of compaction on bisulfide diffusive transport through MX-80 bentonite","authors":"F. Chowdhury ,&nbsp;T.L. Rashwan ,&nbsp;P. Mondal ,&nbsp;M. Behazin ,&nbsp;P.G. Keech ,&nbsp;J.S. Sharma ,&nbsp;M. Krol","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Canada's deep geological repository (DGR) design includes an engineered barrier system where highly compacted bentonite (HCB) surrounds the copper-coated used fuel containers (UFCs). Microbial-influenced corrosion is a potential threat to long-term integrity of UFC as bisulfide (HS⁻) may be produced by microbial activities under anaerobic conditions and transported via diffusion through the HCB to reach the UFC surface, resulting in corrosion of copper. Therefore, understanding HS⁻ transport mechanisms through HCB is critical for accurate prediction of copper corrosion allowance. This study investigated HS⁻ transport behaviour through MX-80 bentonite at dry densities 1070–1615 kg m⁻³ by performing through-diffusion experiments. Following HS⁻ diffusion, bromide (Br⁻) diffusion and Raman spectroscopy analyses were performed to explore possible physical or mineralogical alterations of bentonite caused by interacting with HS⁻. In addition, accessible porosity <span><math><mfenced><mi>ε</mi></mfenced></math></span> was estimated using extended Archie's law. Effective diffusion coefficient of HS⁻ was found 2.5 × 10⁻¹² m² s⁻¹ and 5.0× 10⁻¹² m² s⁻¹ for dry densities 1330 and 1070 kg m⁻³, respectively. No HS⁻ breakthrough was observed for highly compacted bentonite (1535–1615 kg m⁻³) over the experimental timeframe (170 days). Raman spectroscopy results revealed that HS⁻ reacted with iron in bentonite and precipitated as mackinawite and, therefore, it was immobilized. Finally, results of this study imply that HS⁻ transport towards UFC will be highly controlled by the available iron content and dry density of the buffer material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772224000457/pdfft?md5=797dd44125aa38ea08a2a105b02f855a&pid=1-s2.0-S0169772224000457-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140818590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in a small river: Occurrence and influencing factors along the river Oker, Northern Germany","authors":"Lina Büngener ,&nbsp;Sarah-Maria Schäffer ,&nbsp;Anja Schwarz ,&nbsp;Antje Schwalb","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Much attention regarding the environmental pollution by plastics had focused on the Oceans. More recently, contamination of freshwater ecosystems has been addressed but information from smaller rivers in moderately populated catchments is still comparatively scarce. This study explored the microplastic (MP) occurrence in the small regional river Oker, Northern Germany (catchment area 1822 km², population of ca. 500,000, discharge approx. 12 m³ s⁻¹).</p><p>MPs (fibers and fragments in the size range 0.3–5 mm, identification by microscopy) were found in all 10 in-stream samples collected along the course of the river, ranging between 28 and 134 particles m⁻³ with an overall average of 63 particles m⁻³. This MP concentration found in the small river Oker is similar to, or higher than, that reported for larger rivers in similar environments in Central Europe. On average, higher MP concentration was found at urban (71 particles m⁻³) compared to rural sampling sites (51 particles m⁻³). Within the Oker catchment, in-stream MP concentration showed no or low correlation to the catchment-scale factors of catchment size and population. Additional samples taken from three locations directly influenced by discharges of potential MP point sources confirmed wastewater treatment plants of different capacities and an urban rainwater sewer as sources.</p><p>Our results support findings that MP concentrations in small rivers are crucially influenced by local sources, superimposing linear relationships to factors of catchment size and -population. They show that even small rivers draining moderately populated catchments may exhibit comparatively high concentrations of MPs, and thereby represent underestimated pathways of MP in the environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772224000706/pdfft?md5=107e6065c77c75baa27d7fb1438067ea&pid=1-s2.0-S0169772224000706-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140957703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of water quality using entropy-weighted quality index, statistical methods and electrical resistivity tomography, Moti village, northern Pakistan","authors":"Umair Bin Nisar ,&nbsp;Wajeeh ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Saher Saleem ,&nbsp;Kashif Taufail ,&nbsp;Faizan ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Muhammad Farooq ,&nbsp;Siddique Akhtar Ehsan","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104368","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, twenty-two water samples were collected from boreholes (BH), and streams to evaluate drinking water quality, its distribution, identification of contamination sources and apportionment for Moti village, northern Pakistan. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) is utilized to determine the level of heavy metals in water such as arsenic (As), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), and ferrous (Fe). Groundwater chemistry and its quantitative driving factors were further explored using multivariate statistical methods, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) models. Finally, a total of eight electrical resistivity tomographs (ERTs) were acquired across i) the highly contaminated streams; ii) the villages far away from contaminated streams; and iii) across the freshwater stream. In the Moti village, the mean levels (mg/l) of heavy metals in water samples were 7.2465 (As), 0.4971 (Zn), 0.5056 (Pb), 0.0422 (Cu), 0.0279 (Cd), 0.1579 (Mn), and 0.9253 (Fe) that exceeded the permissible limit for drinking water (such as 0.010 for As and Pb, 3.0 for Zn, 0.003 for Cd and 0.3 for Fe) established by the World Health Organization (<span>WHO, 2008</span>). The average entropy weighted water quality index (EWQI) of 200, heavy metal pollution index (HPI) of 175, heavy metal evaluation index (HEI) of 1.6 values reveal inferior water quality in the study area. Human health risk assessment, consisting of hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI), exceeded the risk threshold (&gt;1),indicating prevention of groundwater usage. Results obtained from the PCA and PMF models indicated anthropogenic sources (i.e. industrial and solid waste) responsible for the high concentration of heavy metals in the surface and groundwater. The ERTs imaged the subsurface down to about 40 m depths and show the least resistivity values (&lt;11 Ωm) for subsurface layers that are highly contaminated. However, the ERTs revealed relatively high resistivity values for subsurface layers containing fresh or less contaminated water. Filtering and continuous monitoring of the quality of drinking water in the village are highly recommended.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 104368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141078610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}