Journal of contaminant hydrology最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring of microplastic pollution in sediments along the Çoruh River Basin, NE Türkiye","authors":"Tanju Mutlu ,&nbsp;Mert Minaz ,&nbsp;Hazel Baytaşoğlu ,&nbsp;Kenan Gedik","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a research issue on the world agenda. Monitoring studies are essential for MP content in aquatic environments since it is the final accumulation point. The present study focused on MP characterizations in sediment samples taken from 20 different stations on the Çoruh River, the major river in the North East of Türkiye. Accordingly, the potential anthropogenic pollution from settlements near the four stations (2, 15, 18, and 20) exceeding 400 MP kg⁻¹ was estimated. On the other hand, stations (1, 3, 9, 11, and 13) far from settlements with quite low MP abundance were also observed. The polymer structures of the detected MPs are generally PE and PET, and their shapes are mostly fiber. This situation raises suspicion that MPs originate from primary use waste such as water bottles and packaging materials. In general, the fiber MPs are smaller than the fragments because of the river's high water flow rate and the low strength of the fiber MPs. In light of these results, the current monitoring data in the region will create awareness and guidance regarding MP pollution in settlements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140137954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of evapotranspiration simulation study in the Hailar River basin under the influence of vegetation dynamics","authors":"Libo Wang ,&nbsp;A. Yinglan ,&nbsp;Guoqiang Wang ,&nbsp;Baolin Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In arid and semi-arid areas with &lt;400 mm of precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET) accounts for about 80% of precipitation and is the main water consumer in the watershed. However, vegetation greening in recent years will increase ET and exacerbate the aridity of the area by affecting soil moisture in the root system. Vegetation changes are regional and spatially heterogeneous, therefore, in order to characterize ET changes under vegetation dynamics, it is necessary to expand the spatial scale of ET simulation. However, widely used evapotranspiration simulation models, such as the Shuttleworth-Wallace model (S<img>W model), are deficient in reflecting the direct and indirect effects of vertical (i.e., soil depths) and horizontal (i.e., vegetation dynamics) directions. Based on field sampling and constructed structural equation model (SEM), we found that vegetation dynamics affect evapotranspiration not only directly, but also indirectly by affecting soil moisture at different depths. On this basis, we defined the weighting coefficients of 0.85 and 0.15 for grassland vegetation zones, 0.3, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.10 for forest-grass interspersed zones, and 0.20, 0.55, 0.25 for forested zones, respectively, based on the SEM results. Different soil moisture weighting coefficients were defined within different vegetation type zones and the improved S<img>W model is called S-W-α. Comparing the simulation results with the measured data, S-W-α improved the ET simulation accuracy in this region by 33.92% and the improved ET spatial trend can respond to the dynamic changes of vegetation. Replacing the ET module in the Block-wise use of TOPMODEL and Muskingum-Cunge method mode (BTOP model) with the modified S-W-α, the results show that the simulation accuracy of the improved model is increased by 25%, and the Nash is higher than 75% for both the rate period and the validation period, which realizes the extension of the model from the point scale to the basin scale. The modified model may provide technical support for simulation of evapotranspiration and management of ecosystem health in ecologically fragile areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140006327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the reliable estimation of sequential Monod kinetic parameters","authors":"Jack L. Elsey ,&nbsp;Eric L. Miller ,&nbsp;John A. Christ ,&nbsp;Linda M. Abriola","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104323","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104323","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While dozens of studies have attempted to estimate the Monod kinetic parameters of microbial reductive dechlorination, published values in the literature vary by 2–6 orders of magnitude. This lack of consensus can be attributed in part to limitations of both experimental design and parameter estimation techniques. To address these issues, Hamiltonian Monte Carlo was used to produce more than one million sets of realistic simulated microcosm data under a variety of experimental conditions. These data were then employed in model fitting experiments using a number of parameter estimation algorithms for determining Monod kinetic parameters. Analysis of data from conventional triplicate microcosms yielded parameter estimates characterized by high collinearity, resulting in poor estimation accuracy and precision. Additionally, confidence intervals computed by commonly used classical regression analysis techniques contained true parameter values much less frequently than their nominal confidence levels. Use of an alternative experimental design, requiring the same number of analyses as conventional experiments but comprised of microcosms with varying initial chlorinated ethene concentrations, is shown to result in order-of-magnitude decreases in parameter uncertainty. A Metropolis algorithm which can be run on a typical personal computer is demonstrated to return more reliable parameter interval estimates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139926486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical solution of a pollutant transport model for unsaturated soil considering the effects of consolidation and temperature","authors":"Guo-qing Cai ,&nbsp;Feng-jie Yin ,&nbsp;Shi-jie Guo ,&nbsp;Qian-qian Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The migration behavior of pollutants is affected by consolidation and temperature when using thermal desorption technology to clean contaminated sites. Based on a one-dimensional consolidation model for unsaturated soil and the traditional heat conduction equation, a pollutant transport model accounting for the combined effects of consolidation and temperature was established in this paper. An analytical solution was obtained by using the separation of variables method and the integral transformation method. In addition, the correctness of the proposed model was verified via a comparison between the existing analytical solution and the theoretical model. Finally, adopting benzene as the research object, the influence of different factors on pollutant migration was studied. It was found that the growth rate of the pollutant concentration increased with increasing consolidation pressure, and the final pollutant concentration decreased with increasing consolidation pressure. The pollutant concentration increment due to temperature first increased and then decreased with increasing migration distance. The higher the Soret coefficient and volumetric moisture content are, the higher the pollutant concentration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140052254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual and combined impact of microplastics and lead acetate on the freshwater shrimp (Caridina fossarum): Biochemical effects and physiological responses","authors":"Amin Gholamhosseini ,&nbsp;Mahdi Banaee ,&nbsp;Amir Zeidi ,&nbsp;Cristiana Roberta Multisanti ,&nbsp;Caterina Faggio","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics and heavy metals pollution is recognised as a major problem affecting aquatic ecosystems. For this reason, this study aims to assess the toxicity of different concentrations of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) (0.0, 500, and 1000 μg L⁻¹) with a mean size of 15–25 μm and lead acetate Pb(C₂H₃O₂)₂ (0.0, 2.5, and 5 mg L⁻¹), both individually and in combination, through the exposure of the freshwater grass shrimp, <em>Caridinia fossarum</em> for 15 days, focusing on microplastic interaction with co-occurring contaminants. After being exposed to both contaminants, either individually or in combination, significant alterations in numerous biochemical markers were observed. Specifically, exposure to lead acetate alone resulted in significant changes across ALP, AST, ALT, LDH, GGT, and BChE enzyme activity levels indicating hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. Also, Pb exposure led to alterations in total antioxidant capacity, MDA, total lipids, and glycogen contents, signalling the onset of oxidative stress. Exposure to PE-MPs alone led to changes in ALP, LDH, GGT, and BChE enzyme levels, and in MDA, total lipids, and glycogen samples' contents. Remarkably, the study observed increased bioaccumulation of lead acetate in samples treated with the combination, emphasizing the synergistic impact of PE-MPs on the toxicity of lead acetate. This synergy was also evident in AST and ALT enzyme activity levels and MDA contents. This underscores the necessity for measures to address both microplastic pollution and heavy metal contamination, taking into account the synergistic behaviour of MPs in the presence of concurrent contaminants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772224000299/pdfft?md5=6631d93a7ba676dee4e90722da1316ef&pid=1-s2.0-S0169772224000299-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139999246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying salinity in heterogeneous coastal aquifers through ERT and IP: Insights from laboratory and field investigations","authors":"Diep Cong-Thi ,&nbsp;Linh Pham Dieu ,&nbsp;David Caterina ,&nbsp;Xavier De Pauw ,&nbsp;Huyen Dang Thi ,&nbsp;Huu Hieu Ho ,&nbsp;Frédéric Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thomas Hermans","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lithological and stratigraphical heterogeneity of coastal aquifers has a great influence on saltwater intrusion (SI). This makes it difficult to predict SI pathways and their persistence in time. In this context, electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and induced polarization (IP) methods are receiving increasing attention regarding the discrimination between saltwater-bearing and clayey sediments. To simplify the interpretation of ERT data, it is commonly assumed that the bulk conductivity mostly depends on the conductivity of pore-filling fluids, while surface conductivity is generally disregarded in the spatial and temporal variability of the aquifers, particularly, once the aquifer is affected by the presence of saltwater. Quantifying salinities based on a simplified petrophysical relationship can lead to misinterpretation in aquifers constituted by clay-rich sediments. In this study, we rely on co-located data from drilled boreholes to formulate petrophysical relationships between bulk and fluid conductivity for clay-bearing and clay-free sediments. First, the sedimentary samples from the drilled wells were classified according to their particle size distribution and analyzed in the lab using spectral IP in controlled salinity conditions to derive their formation factors, surface conductivity, and normalized chargeability. Second, the deduced thresholds are applied on the field to distinguish clay-bearing sediments from brackish sandy sediments. The results are validated with logging data and direct salinity measurements on water samples. We applied the approach along the Luy River catchment and found that the formation factors and surface conductivity of the different unconsolidated sedimentary classifications vary from 4.0 to 8.9 for coarse-grained sand and clay-bearing mixtures, while normalized chargeability above 1.0 mS.m⁻¹ indicates the presence of clay. The clay-bearing sediments are mostly distributed in discontinuous small lenses. The assumption of homogenous geological media is therefore leading to overestimating SI in the heterogeneous clay-bearing aquifers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139875953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental multi-method approach to better characterize the LNAPL fate in soil under fluctuating groundwater levels","authors":"Amélie Cavelan ,&nbsp;Pierre Faure ,&nbsp;Catherine Lorgeoux ,&nbsp;Stéfan Colombano ,&nbsp;Jacques Deparis ,&nbsp;Dorian Davarzani ,&nbsp;Noële Enjelvin ,&nbsp;Constantin Oltean ,&nbsp;Anne-Julie Tinet ,&nbsp;Fabien Domptail ,&nbsp;Fabrice Golfier","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Light-Non-Aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) are important soil contamination sources, and groundwater fluctuations may significantly affect their migration and release. However, the risk assessment remains complex due to the continuous three-phase fluid redistribution caused by water table level variations. Hence, monitoring methods must be improved to integrate better the LNAPL multi-compound and multi-phase aspects tied to the groundwater level dynamics. For this purpose, a lysimetric contaminated soil column (2 m³) combining in-situ monitoring (electrical permittivity, soil moisture, temperature, pH, Eh), direct water and gas sampling and analyses (GC/MS-TQD, μGC) in monitoring well, gas collection chambers, and suction probes) were developed. This experiment assesses in an integrated way how controlled rainfalls and water table fluctuation patterns may affect LNAPL vertical soil saturation distribution and release. Coupling these methods permitted the investigation of the effects of rainwater infiltration and water table level fluctuation on contaminated soil oxygen turnover, LNAPL contaminants' soil distribution and remobilization towards the dissolved and the gaseous phase, and the estimate of the LNAPL source attenuation rate. Hence, 7.5% of the contamination was remobilized towards the dissolved and gaseous phase after 120 days. During the experiment, groundwater level variations were responsible for the free LNAPL soil spreading and trapping, modifying dissolved LNAPL concentrations. Nevertheless, part of the dissolved contamination was rapidly biodegraded, leaving only the most bio-resistant components in water. This result highlights the importance of developing new experimental devices designed to assess the effect of climate-related parameters on LNAPL fate at contaminated sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139731949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollution levels and potential ecological risks of trace elements in relation to bacterial community in surface water of shallow lakes in northern China before and after ecological water replenishment","authors":"Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Junhong Bai ,&nbsp;Yujia Zhai ,&nbsp;Kegang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Ruoxuan Tang ,&nbsp;Rong Xiao ,&nbsp;Milko A. Jorquera","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ecological water replenishment is a crucial and effective measure to improve the water quality and ecological function of lakes. However, the effects of ecological water replenishment on the pollution characteristics and ecological risks of trace elements and bacterial communities in lake surface water are still kept unclear. We investigated the pollution levels and potential ecological risks for trace elements, as well as variation of the bacterial community in surface water in the BYD lake before and after ecological water replenishment. Our results revealed that higher levels and pollution indexes (I_geo) of trace metals (e.g., As, Cd, Co, Cu and Ni; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) after ecological water replenishment were observed than before ecological water replenishment and their total potential ecological risk (∑RI) were increased. In contrast, the network complexity of these trace elements, including nodes, edges, average diameter, modularity, clustering coefficient and average pathlength showed a decrease after ecological water replenishment than before. The diversity (community richness, community diversity and phylogenetic diversity decreased) and community structure of the bacterial community in the surface water (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) were greatly changed after ecological water replenishment than before, with the increase in heavy metal-resistant phylum (e.g., Acidobacteriota). Moreover, the concentration of trace elements and ∑RI were significantly correlated with the alpha diversity of bacterial community, as well as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ORP, after ecological water replenishment. The findings indicate that it is very necessary to continuously monitor trace metal pollution levels and heavy metal-resistant phylum and identify their potential pollution sources for water environment control and lake ecosystem health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139732972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of human health risk from potentially toxic elements and predicting groundwater contamination using machine learning approaches","authors":"Md Galal Uddin ,&nbsp;Md Hasan Imran ,&nbsp;Abdul Majed Sajib ,&nbsp;Md Abu Hasan ,&nbsp;Mir Talas Mahammad Diganta ,&nbsp;Tomasz Dabrowski ,&nbsp;Agnieszka I. Olbert ,&nbsp;Md Moniruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP) at Ishwardi, Bangladesh is planning to go into operation within 2024 and therefore, adjacent areas of RNPP is gaining adequate attention from the scientific community for environmental monitoring purposes especially for water resources management. However, there is a substantial lack of literature as well as environmental datasets for earlier years since very little was done at the beginning of the RNPP's construction phase. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the potential toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in the groundwater and its associated health risk for residents at the adjacent part of the RNPP during the year of 2014–2015. For the purposes of achieving the aim of the study, groundwater samples were collected seasonally (dry and wet season) from nine sampling sites and afterwards analyzed for water quality indicators such as temperature (Temp.), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), total hardness (TH) and for PTEs including Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As). This study adopted the newly developed Root Mean Square water quality index (RMS-WQI) model to assess the scenario of contamination from PTEs in groundwater whereas the human health risk assessment model was utilized to quantify the risk of toxicity from PTEs. In most of the sampling sites, PTEs concentration was found higher during the wet season than the dry season and Fe, Mn, Cd and As exceeded the guideline limit for drinking water. The RMS score mostly classified the groundwater in terms of PTEs contamination into “Fair” condition. The non-carcinogenic risks (expressed as Hazard Index-HI) revealed that around 44% and 89% of samples for adults and 67% and 100% of samples for children exceeded the threshold limit set by USEPA (HI &gt; 1) and possessed risks through the oral pathway during dry and wet season, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated cumulative HI score was found higher for children than the adults throughout the study period. In terms of carcinogenic risk (CR) from PTEs, the magnitude of risk decreased following the pattern of Cr &gt; As &gt; Cd. Although the current study is based on old dataset, the findings might serve as a baseline for monitoring purposes to reduce future hazardous impact from the power plant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772224000111/pdfft?md5=bb01ed3236e87deb8e737f8fdf72294e&pid=1-s2.0-S0169772224000111-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field demonstration for the solvent-based sampling method to perform compound-specific isotope analysis on gas-phase VOC","authors":"Daniel Bouchard ,&nbsp;Daniel Hunkeler ,&nbsp;Massimo Marchesi ,&nbsp;Ramon Aravena ,&nbsp;Tim Buscheck","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The solvent-based sampling method for collecting gas-phase volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and conducting compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) was deployed during a controlled field study. The solvent-based method used methanol as a sink to accumulate petroleum hydrocarbons during the sampling of soil air and effluent gas. For each gaseous sample collected, carbon isotope analysis (δ¹³C) was conducted for a selection of five VOCs (benzene, toluene, <em>o</em>-xylene, cyclopentane and octane) emitted by a synthetic hydrocarbon source emplaced in the subsurface. The δ¹³C values obtained for gaseous VOCs (collected from soil gas and effluent gas) were compared to measurements obtained for the same VOCs present in the source material (none aqueous phase liquid - NAPL) and dissolved in groundwater to evaluate the reliability of the solvent-based sampling method in providing accurate isotope measurements. Since the NAPL source was composed of only 12 VOCs, potential bias related to the analytical procedure (such as co-elution) were avoided, hence emphasizing on field-related bias. This field evaluation demonstrated the capacity of the solvent-based method to produce precise and accurate δ¹³C measurements. The isotopic discrepancies between the gaseous and the NAPL values were &lt; 1 ‰ for 39 out of the 41 comparison points, thus deemed not statistically different based on a common isotopic uncertainty error of ±0.5 ‰. Moreover, the current field study is the first field study to report δ¹³C measurements for up to five gas-phase VOCs obtained from the same sample, which appears to be of interest for VOC fate or forensic studies. The possibility to use several VOC isotopic measurements enabled by the sampling method would contribute to strengthen the connection assessment between gaseous VOCs and the suspected emitting source. Accordingly, the field results presented herein support the application of this sampling methodology to conduct CSIA assessment in the frame of VOC vapor studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139668535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}