A.M. De Girolamo , G.F. Ricci , G. Parete , O. Gómez-Navarro , S. Pérez , F. Gentile
{"title":"Modelling occurrence and environmental risk of azithromycin in an intermittent river: Applying hydrological and water quality models","authors":"A.M. De Girolamo , G.F. Ricci , G. Parete , O. Gómez-Navarro , S. Pérez , F. Gentile","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotics are emerging pollutants that may negatively affect river ecosystems. The present paper aims to define a modelling approach for assessing the fate of pharmaceuticals and the ecotoxicological risk in surface waters in intermittent rivers. A hydrological model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) and a water quality model (Geography-referenced Regional Exposure Assessment Tool for European Rivers) were used in a modelling cascade application in the Canale d'Aiedda basin (S-E, Italy). Measurements of streamflow and azithromycin (AZ) concentrations were used for calibrating the models. Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PEC) of AZ in surface waters and the ecotoxicological risk were estimated. The highest AZ concentrations in the effluent of wastewater treatment plants (2553 ng L<sup>−1</sup>) and in surface waters were recorded in March 2021. The monitoring and modelling results indicated seasonal changes in AZ concentrations in surface waters: in August, the PEC was one order of magnitude lower than in March. The river reaches downstream of the inlets from the WWTPs presented the highest PEC of AZ, whereas a reduction of PEC was simulated moving downstream of the inlets. The results of the ecotoxicological risk assessment showed that in March most of the river network presented a PEC of AZ higher than the Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC). Coupling the two models has proven to be an effective approach to address the complex interaction between hydrology and water quality in intermittent rivers, suitable for identifying the occurrence and environmental risk of emerging pollutants, fundamental steps for their management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104552"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rongle Xu , Jinqiu Song , Denghui Li , Xiaowei Song , Xu Wang , Jianhua Xiong
{"title":"Traceability analysis and risk assessment of river antibiotics based on dissolved organic matter spectral features and the positive matrix factorization receptor model","authors":"Rongle Xu , Jinqiu Song , Denghui Li , Xiaowei Song , Xu Wang , Jianhua Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying pollution sources is crucial for controlling antibiotic contamination and preventing risks to aquatic environments. This study quantified four categories of antibiotics (quinolones,macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines) in Dafeng River during the dry season using SPE-UHPLC-MS,analyzing their sources and risks. The source apportionment results for antibiotics using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model were validated against those identified based on Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) fluorescence characteristics. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) was employed to clarify the relationship between specific source risks in the PMF model and DOM fluorescence characteristics. The findings include: (1) A total of 43 antibiotics were detected, with concentrations ranging from 19.04 to 1037.11 ng/L. The overall significant risk rate (RQ ≥ 0.01) was 55.1 %. (2) Excitation-Emission Matrix coupled with Parallel Factor Analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) identified three fluorescence components in the watershed's water body DOM: fulvic-like (C1), humic-like (C2), and tyrosine-like (C3). (3) The PMF model identified five pollution sources for antibiotics. Livestock discharge was the predominant source of concentration, while sewage treatment plants posed the primary source risk, consistent with the DOM spectroscopy results. (4) The RDA demonstrated a close relationship between DOM fluorescence characteristics and specific source risks of antibiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jin Wang , Yao Du , Jingwei Zhang , Ruihua Shang , Jianbo Shi , Teng Ma
{"title":"Unraveling the fate of phosphorus in alluvial aquifers of the middle-lower Yellow River: Coupled natural and anthropogenic impacts","authors":"Jin Wang , Yao Du , Jingwei Zhang , Ruihua Shang , Jianbo Shi , Teng Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, groundwater phosphorus (P) contamination has received increasing attention, yet most studies focus solely on either anthropogenic or geogenic influences. This research addressed the combined effects of human activities and natural processes on P enrichment in the middle-lower Yellow River basin, where dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentrations reached 0.59 mg/L. Hydrogeochemical analysis, along with multiple statistical methods and the Redfield ratio, revealed that geogenic processes were the dominant drivers of groundwater P enrichment, accounting for 77.5 % of the samples, while anthropogenic activities, particularly intensive agriculture, densely residential area and industrial development, contributed to P inputs in 22.5 % of the samples. Further analysis using dual isotopes (<em>δ</em><sup>13</sup>C-DIC and <em>δ</em><sup>56</sup>Fe) demonstrated that OP mineralization was the dominant geogenic P enrichment process, with the reductive dissolution of P-rich iron minerals serving as a secondary contributor. A comparative analysis between the middle-lower Yellow River basin and the central Yangtze River basin highlighted that the abundance of natural P-containing carriers and the closed or open nature of the groundwater environment jointly determined the extent of geogenic and anthropogenic P enrichment. This study provides valuable insights into the coupled impacts of natural and anthropogenic factors, enhancing our understanding of groundwater P dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104551"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erin L. Gray , Samuel E. Potteiger , Trevor D. Brannon , Stuart B. Norton , Jay Cho , Michael D. Annable
{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mass flux and mass balance at an aqueous film-forming foam release site in semiarid eastern New Mexico, USA","authors":"Erin L. Gray , Samuel E. Potteiger , Trevor D. Brannon , Stuart B. Norton , Jay Cho , Michael D. Annable","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passive flux meters (PFMs) directly measure groundwater chemistry mass flux and Darcy flux, providing insight into contaminant source-zone architecture and transport properties. This study uses PFMs to characterize PFAS flux in groundwater at a semiarid site with a thick (greater than 90-m) unsaturated zone where groundwater has been contaminated with <em>per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) related to the use of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) for fire training and fire suppression. PFAS mass discharge (PFAS mass flux integrated over a control plane) in groundwater downgradient from several PFAS release areas is calculated using PFM results. In groundwater downgradient from fire-training areas, total PFAS mass discharge (summed across 14 compounds) was estimated to be between 6.0 and 31 g per day in 2020 and between 5.9 and 23 g per day in 2021. Site-specific documentation, generic information on AFFF properties, and literature values of PFAS concentration in AFFF are used to estimate site-specific PFAS-application rates at fire-training areas. These PFAS-application rates are compared to groundwater PFAS-discharge rates. Results suggest that transformation processes (exact pathways unknown) have led to increased discharge of measured PFAS in groundwater relative to initial AFFF formulations. The mass balance approach has broad applicability as a high-level approach that can provide insight into PFAS transport at AFFF sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marlon Mederos , Javier Valdes-Abellan , Concepcion Pla , David Benavente
{"title":"Geochemical processes and sensitivity analysis of flow velocity and column depth for effective nickel removal","authors":"Marlon Mederos , Javier Valdes-Abellan , Concepcion Pla , David Benavente","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eliminating heavy metals from the environment is crucial, even in low concentrations, due to their high toxicity, persistence, and tendency to accumulate in living organisms, posing serious threats to human health and ecosystems. This study investigates the geochemical processes that govern nickel (Ni) removal in Filtralite and evaluates how different parameters influence its effectiveness. The interaction between contaminated water and Filtralite-forming minerals results in a rapid increase in pH, leading to the immediate precipitation of teophrastite (Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>) at the initial filtration stages. However, as water continues to interact with Filtralite, its capacity to maintain high pH levels declines over time, reducing the Ni removal efficiently. In regions with a Mediterranean climate and considering an infiltration system that manages runoff from 10 % of the urban landscape, a filter layer of 200 mm combined with flow velocities below 828 mm/h has been found to optimize metal retention. Under these conditions, more than 90 % of the filter's total Ni-holding capacity is effectively used, and replacement is expected to be necessary roughly every three years. Additionally, tests simulating intense rainfall confirm that the eliminated Ni remains securely bound within the filter media, reinforcing Filtralite's reliability as a filtration material for infiltration systems. This research contributes to a better understanding of the geochemical mechanisms involved in metal removal and lays the groundwork for future design considerations in Filtralite-based filtration applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 104548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wei-Zhe Wu , Rui Li , Zhi-Qian-Li Ma , Chun-Xiao Liu , Wen-Ting Zhao
{"title":"Biochar-algae microspheres based on sodium alginate for the highly efficient adsorption of malachite green dye: Kinetics, isotherms, and mechanism of adsorption","authors":"Wei-Zhe Wu , Rui Li , Zhi-Qian-Li Ma , Chun-Xiao Liu , Wen-Ting Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, biochar and <em>Scenedesmus obliquus</em> were coated with sodium alginate to prepare biochar-algal microspheres (BAM), and we investigated their adsorption properties on malachite green (MG). The results showed that 5.5 g of BAMs removed 98 % of 100 mg/L of MG after 120 h at 25 °C. In the isothermal adsorption experiment conducted at 25 °C, the adsorption capacity of BAMs for MG was 1.98 mg/g. Under these conditions, the adsorption capacity of BAMs was superior to that of biochar or algae microspheres alone, as well as their combined use. The BAMs not only addressed the issues of biochar recovery and secondary pollution, but also avoided the environmental sensitivity of algae, making BAMs a highly effective option for removing organic dyes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"272 ","pages":"Article 104547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial intelligence based detection and control strategies for river water pollution: A comprehensive review","authors":"Deepak Bhatt , Mahendra Swain , Dhananjay Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Water quality (WQ) is a metric for assessing the overall health and safety of water bodies like a river. Owing to the habitation of anthropogenic habitation around its basin, the rivers can become one of the most contaminated water sources globally. The solutions to prevent and remit the impact of river water pollution faces many challenges, one of these entails the management of nonlinear, nonstationary water related dataset. This paper provides a detailed overview of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based techniques and algorithms, highlighting their practical applications in the critical domain of river water pollution diction and control. This review shows models for river WQ simulation from 2019 to 2024, in which over 110 research articles from various databases are analyzed. Key advancements in Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) technologies, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Deep Neural Networks (DNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Random Forest (RF), are highlighted. Besides that, the amalgamation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies is tested, showing their role in enhancing real-time monitoring and predictive capabilities through continuous data collection and advanced ML/DL models. This review addresses critical challenges and identifies emerging opportunities for future research by showcasing the application of ML, DL, and IoT innovations in surface WQ modeling. It highlights the potential of leveraging advanced technologies to form strengthen solutions for sustainable water resource management and the protection of vital aquatic ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 104541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143669972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of anthropogenic pressures on the microplastic distribution in the riverine-estuarine environment: A source-apportioning approach","authors":"K.L. Priya , K.R. Renjith , S. Haddout , Gubash Azhikodan , Katsuhide Yokoyama , Chingakham Chinglenthoiba , Reji Srinivas , Sudarshan Kurwadkar","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the influence of anthropogenic pressures, namely fishing practices and illicit and unregulated wastewater and solid waste discharge, on the microplastic distribution in India's Kallada River – Ashtamudi riverine-estuarine environment was investigated. To better characterize microplastic pollution in the Estuary, it was subdivided into cage farming, open fishing, solid waste dumping, and other zones that receive wastewater from residential areas. A source-apportioning approach was utilized to delineate the possible sources of pollution and conducted a risk assessment attributed to exposure to microplastic pollution. The results suggest that the solid waste dumping zone exhibited the highest microplastic abundance, followed by the cage farming zone. Fiber-shaped microplastic particles were abundant in cage farming and open fishing zones, while films dominated the solid waste dumping zone. FTIR analysis revealed that polyamide and polyester, widely used for regional fishing nets, were dominant in cage farming and open fishing zones, while polyamide, polystyrene, and polyethylene were dominant in solid waste dumping zones. Other zones impacted by the unregulated discharge of domestic wastewater exhibited an abundance of polyester and polyethylene microplastics. Source apportionment studies using a modified approach incorporating morphological and chemical characteristics of microplastics revealed that fishing nets/ropes contributed to 35.48 % of microplastic pollution, followed by single-use plastics and plastic bags/covers (19.35 % each), textile fabrics (16.13 %) and personal care products (9.68 %). A risk assessment analysis considering microplastic abundance and polymer hazard revealed that the solid waste dumping zone and the cage farming zone pose a medium risk to microplastic pollution. These findings highlight the role of fishing practices and solid waste dumping on the microplastic pollution in the riverine-estuarine environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 104546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chi Ma , Wenchao Sun , Zhongwen Yang , Jinqiang Wang , Ling Zhou
{"title":"Spatiotemporal variations in land use impacts on river water quality in a mountain-to-plain transitional basin in arid region of northern China","authors":"Chi Ma , Wenchao Sun , Zhongwen Yang , Jinqiang Wang , Ling Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land use, as an integrated representation of natural conditions and human activities, significantly impacts river water quality. Understanding the spatial and temporal variability of these influences offers valuable insights for improving water quality through the implementation of best management practices. This study examined the impact of land use on river water quality in the Dahei River Basin, a typical mountain-to-plain basin located in the arid region of northern China, which is also the last first-order tributary of Upper Yellow River. Hierarchical clustering analysis was employed to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of river water quality and redundancy analysis was used to explore the impacts of land use on water quality in upstream buffer zones with radii from 500 m to 14,000 m. The results indicate that river water quality conditions in the mountainous region are much better than in the plain region. In both the dry and wet seasons, land use significantly affects water quality variation, particularly at the 8000 m buffer zone, although the mechanisms differ. In the wet season, the non-point source pollution from storm runoff erosion dominates the positive correlations between water pollution levels and the areas of cropland and urban regions, while for the dry season such positive correlations may come from elevated soil electrolyte levels due to groundwater irrigation and point source pollution from urban activities. For land use types that show a negative correlation with water pollutant levels, the stronger correlation observed in grasslands compared to forests region may be attributed to grasslands' better adaptation to arid conditions. The findings from this study enhance our understanding of the spatiotemporal variations in land use impacts on river water quality and can provide guidance for land use planning at the basin scale in arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 104542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam , A.J. Raihan , Md. Yousuf Mia , Md. Saiful Islam , Subodh Chandra Pal , Tanmoy Biswas , Bilkis A. Begum , Tasrina R. Choudhury , Mohammed Ali Alshehri , Venkatramanan Senapathi , M. Safiur Rahman
{"title":"Groundwater quality drivers in the drought-prone Thakurgaon District, Northwestern Bangladesh: An integrated fuzzy logic and statistical modeling approach","authors":"Abu Reza Md Towfiqul Islam , A.J. Raihan , Md. Yousuf Mia , Md. Saiful Islam , Subodh Chandra Pal , Tanmoy Biswas , Bilkis A. Begum , Tasrina R. Choudhury , Mohammed Ali Alshehri , Venkatramanan Senapathi , M. Safiur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jconhyd.2025.104533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater quality in the drought-prone Thakurgaon District, Northwestern Bangladesh, is deteriorating due to a combination of natural and anthropogenic factors. This study evaluates the key drivers of groundwater quality degradation by employing ecotoxicological risk indices, such as the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI), Heavy Metal Evaluation Index (HEI), and Nemerow's Pollution Index (NPI). An innovative fuzzy logic approach is used to integrate these indices and reduce uncertainty, while Automatic Linear Modeling (ALM) predicts the primary impacts on the Fuzzy Groundwater Quality Index (FGWQI). Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations assess probabilistic health risks and sensitivity. Groundwater samples from 40 wells were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and heavy metal concentrations. The results show that 25 % of the samples are unsuitable for drinking, and 17.5 % are unfit for household use, based on HPI and HEI values. Fuzzy analysis reveals that 22.5 %, 47.5 %, and 30 % of the samples exhibit excellent, good, and poor quality, respectively. The overlay of FGWQI with Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) maps identifies areas with excellent groundwater quality in the southern parts of the region, while the northern areas suffer from poor quality due to overexploitation. One-way ANOVA indicates that rainfall, water discharge, and LULC significantly affect FGWQI. The ALM results highlight HEI (0.62) and HPI (0.38) as the main factors influencing FGWQI. Health risk analysis reveals elevated non-carcinogenic risks due to arsenic and lead ingestion, particularly for children. These findings emphasize the need for targeted policies and interventions to mitigate health risks and ensure the well-being of the community.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15530,"journal":{"name":"Journal of contaminant hydrology","volume":"271 ","pages":"Article 104533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143601266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}