Ali M El Shafey, Ahmed M Zayed, Hanafy M Abd El-Salam, Mahmoud S M Abdel Wahed
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Removal of Fe(II) from water using raw and calcinated weathered basalt: Influence of mineralogy and physical properties.
In this study, raw weathered basalt (RWB) and calcinated weathered basalt (CWB), both low-cost natural geological materials, were employed for the removal of Fe(II) from contaminated aqueous solutions and groundwater. CWB was prepared by calcining RWB at 900 °C for 3 h. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted, and the data fitted best with the Langmuir isotherm model. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order and intra-particle diffusion models. Although calcination improved the surface area and porosity, RWB exhibited higher Fe(II) removal efficiency, likely due to its richer mineralogical composition, particularly the clay content. The results suggest that modification by calcination does not necessarily enhance adsorption performance. The proposed mechanisms involve chemisorption, electrostatic attraction, cation exchange, surface complexation, and adsorption-oxidation. Additionally, RWB showed better performance than CWB in reducing Mn, Ca hardness, NH₃, NO₃-, NO₂-, and TDS during groundwater treatment. Therefore, RWB offers a more cost-effective and sustainable option for water purification without requiring energy-intensive modification.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is an international journal publishing scientific articles pertaining to the contamination of subsurface water resources. Emphasis is placed on investigations of the physical, chemical, and biological processes influencing the behavior and fate of organic and inorganic contaminants in the unsaturated (vadose) and saturated (groundwater) zones, as well as at groundwater-surface water interfaces. The ecological impacts of contaminants transported both from and to aquifers are of interest. Articles on contamination of surface water only, without a link to groundwater, are out of the scope. Broad latitude is allowed in identifying contaminants of interest, and include legacy and emerging pollutants, nutrients, nanoparticles, pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa), microplastics, and various constituents associated with energy production (e.g., methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide).
The journal''s scope embraces a wide range of topics including: experimental investigations of contaminant sorption, diffusion, transformation, volatilization and transport in the surface and subsurface; characterization of soil and aquifer properties only as they influence contaminant behavior; development and testing of mathematical models of contaminant behaviour; innovative techniques for restoration of contaminated sites; development of new tools or techniques for monitoring the extent of soil and groundwater contamination; transformation of contaminants in the hyporheic zone; effects of contaminants traversing the hyporheic zone on surface water and groundwater ecosystems; subsurface carbon sequestration and/or turnover; and migration of fluids associated with energy production into groundwater.
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