{"title":"Bitcoin price volatility: Effects of retail traders, illegal users, and sentiment","authors":"Kose John , Jingrui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we study the determinants of Bitcoin volatility. We estimate and decompose Bitcoin's realized volatility into jump volatility and continuous volatility components. We find that innovations in Robinhood retail trading are positively related to the continuous component of Bitcoin's volatility. Specifically, the innovations in Robinhood retail trading predict an increase in future ten-day continuous volatility. The innovations in the (anonymous) trading volume of Monero are also positively related to the jump component in Bitcoin's volatility. Specifically, the innovations in Monero trading volume predict an increase in average jump volatility over the next five days. Our results suggest that retail trading positively influences the continuous component of Bitcoin volatility, while the preference for transaction anonymity positively affects the jump component of Bitcoin volatility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102837"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corporate mergers and acquisitions under lender scrutiny","authors":"Buhui Qiu , Teng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines corporate mergers and acquisitions (M&A) outcomes under lender scrutiny. Using the unique shocks of U.S. supervisory stress testing, we find that firms under increased lender scrutiny after their relationship banks fail stress tests engage in <em>fewer</em> but <em>higher-quality</em> M&A deals. Evidence from comprehensive supervisory data reveals improved credit quality for newly originated M&A-related loans under enhanced lender scrutiny. This improvement is further evident in positive stock return reactions to M&A deals financed by loans subject to enhanced lender scrutiny. As companies engage in fewer but higher-quality deals, they also experience higher returns on assets. Our findings highlight the importance of lender scrutiny in corporate M&A activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102812"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denis Schweizer , Xinjie Wang , Ge Wu , Aoran Zhang
{"title":"Political connections and media bias: Evidence from China","authors":"Denis Schweizer , Xinjie Wang , Ge Wu , Aoran Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines how political connections shape media bias and contribute to regulatory noncompliance in China's capital markets. Using a large sample of news articles on publicly listed non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs), we find that politically connected firms receive significantly more favorable media coverage than their unconnected peers. A difference-in-differences analysis exploiting a regulatory shock—China's Rule 18 anti-corruption regulation—that forced politically connected directors to resign confirms the link between political ties and biased reporting. Around corporate scandals, politically connected firms face softer media scrutiny, weakening reputational penalties. Critically, we show that this media shielding effect increases the likelihood of repeated regulatory violations. These findings highlight the social costs of the “scandal-covering” role of political connections, which not only distort the information environment but also undermine regulatory deterrence and market discipline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102835"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Does share pledging affect workplace safety?","authors":"Kenuo Li , Lijuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102833","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102833","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the impact of share pledging on workplace safety. Using establishment-level data on workplace safety, we find that firms with executive share pledging exhibit higher workplace injuries/illnesses. Our channel analyses suggest that the higher injury/illness cases in pledging firms are associated with increased employee workloads and poor corporate safety cultures. Further analysis shows that the documented association between share pledging and workplace safety is weaker for firms that have more analyst coverage, face higher levels of pressure from labor unions, and operate in counties that have higher levels of social capital. Conversely, the association is more pronounced when firms meet or just beat analyst earnings forecasts and when CEOs are approaching retirement age. The results are robust to using injury rate as an alternative measure for workplace safety, controlling for accrual-based earnings management and financial constraints, and using firm-level analyses. Overall, our findings suggest a positive association between share pledging and compromised workplace safety, potentially driven by efforts to support short-term stock performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102833"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exposures to common shocks along supply chains and relative performance evaluation in CEO compensation contracts","authors":"YiLin Wu , Richard Lok-Si Ieong , Shawn Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fundamental prediction from principal-agent theory is that firms facing greater ex ante exposures to exogenous common shocks should more frequently utilize relative performance evaluation (RPE) in CEO compensation contracts. Recent advances in modeling the economy as a supply network consisting of sectors connected through input-output linkages establish that industries positioned more centrally or upstream face greater ex ante exposures to exogenous common shocks propagating through the network. This paper investigates the impact of firms' network positions on the use of RPE in CEO compensation. We find that firms in industries positioned more centrally or upstream use RPE more frequently and base greater fractions of CEO pay on RPE. We also document that network positions explain variation in firms' RPE-plan implementation via the selection of peers. Our findings are consistent with boards using RPE to filter from CEO pay exogenous shocks to firm performance inherent in firms' supply network positions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102827"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shouyu Yao , Tianze Li , Jing Liao , Kam C. Chan , Xutang Liu
{"title":"Transparency as the antidote: Do trade disputes intensify corporate earnings management?","authors":"Shouyu Yao , Tianze Li , Jing Liao , Kam C. Chan , Xutang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using manually matched data from US-China trade dispute records and Chinese customs trade data, this study assesses the impact of the US-China trade disputes on corporate earnings management (EM) of Chinese listed companies. We find a significant reduction in accrual-based EM in firms affected by the retaliatory tariff changes due to the trade disputes. Furthermore, the impact of this shock goes beyond the directly affected firms and spreads along the supply chain as well as through block shareholding. Importantly, after excluding alternative explanations such as government subsidies, or managerial slack caused by government implicit guarantees, our results remain robust. Our mechanism analysis suggests that in response to the trade disputes, contracting parties seek transparency to alleviate information asymmetry, therefore, the increased demands for high earnings quality from creditors explain the impact of trade disputes on EM. We further find that trade disputes mainly reduce downward earnings manipulations, with no significant impact on upward EM or real EM. Additionally, the trade disputes effect is weaker in firms with political connections and effective monitoring mechanisms. Overall, this study highlights that firms strategically manage the disclosure of accounting information under uncertainties, where contracting demand is a significant factor explaining why firms enhance earnings quality in reaction to trade disputes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102826"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Where do angels come from?","authors":"Valerio Pelucco , Silvio Vismara","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102815","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102815","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Angel investing offers experienced entrepreneurs an opportunity to contribute to entrepreneurial ecosystems, with prior entrepreneurial experience believed to enhance an individual's ability to evaluate and nurture startups. This has led to expectations that angel investors with entrepreneurial backgrounds possess superior selection and treatment capabilities. However, our research challenges this assumption, documenting that angels with entrepreneurial backgrounds underperform relative to those with other upper echelon backgrounds, such as former venture capitalists. We explain these results through two key channels: the entrepreneurial learning channel, which suggests that former entrepreneurs may struggle to generalize their past experiences across different investment contexts, and the professional networks channel, which highlights the importance of syndication in venture capital.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102815"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144115537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Number of numbers: Does a greater proportion of quantitative textual disclosure reduce information risk?","authors":"John L. Campbell , Xin Zheng , Dexin Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the association between quantitative disclosure and information risk, hypothesizing that a greater proportion of numerical information in earnings conference calls decreases information risk and thus increases firm value. We find that, even after controlling for earnings information, more extensive numerical disclosure correlates positively with earnings announcement returns. This effect concentrates in firms with poorer information environments and during periods of heightened performance uncertainty. Finally, we show that a greater proportion of numerical disclosure reduces implied volatility, bid-ask spread, and implied cost of capital. Our findings highlight numerical disclosure's role in reducing information risk and emphasize its importance in financial disclosures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102813"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Chang , Yaling Jin , Endong Yang , Wenrui Zhang
{"title":"Corporate taxes and corporate social responsibility","authors":"Xin Chang , Yaling Jin , Endong Yang , Wenrui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102809","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102809","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploiting staggered changes in state-level corporate income taxes, we document that corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance improves substantially following tax cuts, reflecting firms' reliance on internal funds for CSR investments. However, tax increases do not significantly weaken CSR performance, implying that CSR commitments are sticky on the upside. Tax cuts enhance CSR performance more for firms with greater tax exposure, tighter financial constraints, better corporate governance, stronger prosocial preferences, or higher risk. Additional analysis of the 2017 federal tax reform substantiates the CSR effect of tax cuts. Overall, our findings highlight essential CSR features and illustrate how corporate tax policy drives corporate sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102809"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managerial incentives and trade credit: Evidence from China's EVA appraisal reform among CSOEs","authors":"Yang He , Xin Pang , Kemin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2025.102811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exploiting the mandatory implementation of the economic value added (EVA) appraisal reform among central state-owned enterprises (CSOEs) in China in 2010 as a quasi-natural experiment, this study investigates the effect of managerial incentives on firms' use of trade credit financing. Using a sample of CSOEs and non-state-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) listed on China's A-share market, we find that CSOEs use more trade credit than non-SOEs after the adoption of the EVA appraisal reform. This effect is more pronounced for CSOEs in non-strategic industries or in industries with intense competition; for CSOEs with underperforming EVA, with a lower actual cost of debt, or without political connections; and for CSOEs whose managers are in the last year of their assessment tenure. Furthermore, after the mandatory reform, the increased use of trade credit financing significantly improves the EVA performance of CSOEs, thereby further increasing executive compensation. These results suggest that CSOE managers with strong incentives use nominal interest-free trade credit financing to enhance EVA performance. Our study provides a new explanation for the differences in trade credit financing among firms with different property rights and has implications for investigating the role of managerial incentives in informal financing decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15525,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Corporate Finance","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102811"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}