Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology最新文献_第4页

Erratum: journal of comparative physiology a (1999) 184: 481-488. 勘误:比较生理学杂志a(1999) 184: 481-488。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000122

D J Schulz, G E Robinson

引用次数: 0

Can the circadian system of a diurnal and a nocturnal rodent entrain to ultraviolet light? 昼行动物和夜行动物的昼夜节律系统能受到紫外线的影响吗?

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000124

R A Hut, A Scheper, S Daan

{"title":"Can the circadian system of a diurnal and a nocturnal rodent entrain to ultraviolet light?","authors":"R A Hut, A Scheper, S Daan","doi":"10.1007/s003590000124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000124","url":null,"abstract":"Spectral measurements of sunlight throughout the day show close correspondence between the timing of above ground activity of the European ground squirrel and the presence of ultraviolet light in the solar spectrum. However, in a standard entrainment experiment ground squirrels show no entrainment to ultraviolet light, while Syrian hamsters do entrain under the same protocol. Presented transmittance spectra for lenses, corneas, and vitreous bodies may explain the different results of the entrainment experiment. We found ultraviolet light transmittance in the colourless hamster lens (50% cut-off at 341 nm), but not in the yellow ground squirrel lens (50% cut-off around 493 nm). Ultraviolet sensitivity in the ground squirrels based upon possible fluorescence mechanisms was not evident. Possible functions of ultraviolet lens filters in diurnal mammals are discussed, and compared with nocturnal mammals and diurnal birds. Species of the latter two groups lack ultraviolet filtering properties of their lenses and their circadian system is known to respond to ultraviolet light, a feature that does not necessarily has to depend on ultraviolet photoreceptors. Although the circadian system of several species responds to ultraviolet light, we argue that the role of ultraviolet light as a natural Zeitgeber is probably limited.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"707-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21848112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 58

Involvement of a midbrain vocal nucleus in the production of both the acoustic and postural components of crowing behavior in Japanese quail. 中脑发声核参与日本鹌鹑鸣叫行为的声音和姿势成分的产生。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000128

B K Shaw

{"title":"Involvement of a midbrain vocal nucleus in the production of both the acoustic and postural components of crowing behavior in Japanese quail.","authors":"B K Shaw","doi":"10.1007/s003590000128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000128","url":null,"abstract":"Many bird species produce vocalizations which are accompanied by distinctive postural displays, but the neural mechanisms that allow such integrated production of vocal and postural motor patterns are not understood. In the crowing behavior of Japanese quail, a characteristic vocal pattern is accompanied by and coordinated with a postural display that consists of a sequence of rapid, patterned head movements. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of a midbrain vocal nucleus, the nucleus intercollicularis, in the production of the acoustic and postural components of crowing in quail. Brief electrical stimuli were applied to the nucleus intercollicularis during spontaneously emitted crows in quail with chronically implanted electrodes, to determine if perturbing neural activity in the nucleus intercollicularis resulted in a disruption of ongoing crowing behavior. The most common effect of such stimuli was a concurrent, premature termination of both the acoustic and head movement components of the crow. These results imply that the nucleus intercollicularis plays a role in the production of both the acoustic and postural components of crowing in quail.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"747-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21849417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

A central pattern generator underlies crawling in the medicinal leech. 在药用水蛭爬行的基础上有一个中央模式发生器。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000117

F J Eisenhart, T W Cacciatore, W B Kristan

{"title":"A central pattern generator underlies crawling in the medicinal leech.","authors":"F J Eisenhart, T W Cacciatore, W B Kristan","doi":"10.1007/s003590000117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000117","url":null,"abstract":"Crawling in the medicinal leech has previously been thought to require sensory feedback because the intact behavior is strongly modulated by sensory feedback and because semi-intact preparations will only crawl if they can move freely. Here we show that an isolated leech nerve cord can produce a crawling motor pattern similar to the one seen in semi-intact preparations, which consists of an anterior-to-posterior wave of alternating excitatory circular and longitudinal motor neuron bursts in each segment. The isolated cord also reproduces the patterns of activity seen in semi-intact preparations for several other kinds of cells: the dorsal inhibitor cell 1, the ventral excitor cell 4, and the annulus erector motor neuron. Because this correspondence is so strong, there must be a central pattern generator in the isolated cord that can produce the basic motor pattern for crawling without sensory feedback. A quantitative analysis of the isolated motor pattern, however, reveals that isolated and semi-intact preparations have longer periods than the intact behavior and that there are deficiencies in the timing of motor neuron bursts in the isolated pattern. These results suggest that sensory feedback modulates the isolated central pattern generator to help produce the normal motor pattern.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"631-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21848106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 71

Spontaneous modulations of the electric organ discharge in the weakly electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus: a biophysical and behavioral analysis. 弱电鱼leptorhynchus电器官放电的自发调节:生物物理和行为分析。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000118

G Engler, C M Fogarty, J R Banks, G K Zupanc

{"title":"Spontaneous modulations of the electric organ discharge in the weakly electric fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus: a biophysical and behavioral analysis.","authors":"G Engler, C M Fogarty, J R Banks, G K Zupanc","doi":"10.1007/s003590000118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000118","url":null,"abstract":"Brown ghosts, Apteronotus leptorhynchus, are weakly electric gymnotiform fish whose wave-like electric organ discharges are distinguished by their enormous degree of regularity. Despite this constancy, two major types of transient electric organ discharge modulations occur: gradual frequency rises, which are characterized by a relatively fast increase in electric organ discharge frequency and a slow return to baseline frequency; and chirps, brief and complex frequency and amplitude modulations. Although in spontaneously generated gradual frequency rises both duration and amount of the frequency increase are highly variable, no distinct subtypes appear to exist. This contrasts with spontaneously generated chirps which could be divided into four \"natural\" subtypes based on duration, amount of frequency increase and amplitude reduction, and time-course of the frequency change. Under non-evoked conditions, gradual frequency rises and chirps occur rather rarely. External stimulation with an electrical sine wave mimicking the electric field of a neighboring fish leads to a dramatic increase in the rate of chirping not only during the 30 s of stimulation, but also in the period immediately following the stimulation. The rate of occurrence of gradual frequency rises is, however, unaffected by such a stimulation regime.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"645-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21848107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 67

Visual pigments, cone oil droplets and ocular media in four species of estrildid finch. 四种赤翅雀的视色素、视锥油滴和眼介质。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000121

N S Hart, J C Partridge, A T Bennett, I C Cuthill

{"title":"Visual pigments, cone oil droplets and ocular media in four species of estrildid finch.","authors":"N S Hart, J C Partridge, A T Bennett, I C Cuthill","doi":"10.1007/s003590000121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000121","url":null,"abstract":"A microspectrophotometric study was conducted on the retinal photoreceptors of four species of bird: cut-throat finches (Amadina fasciata), gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae), white-headed munias (Lonchura maja) and plum-headed finches (Neochmia modesta). Spectral characteristics of the photoreceptors in all four species were very similar. Rods contained a medium-wavelength-sensitive visual pigment with a wavelength of maximum absorbance at 502-504 nm. Four spectrally distinct types of single cone contained a visual pigment with wavelength of maximum absorbance at either 370-373 nm (ultraviolet-sensitive), 440-447 nm (short-wavelength-sensitive); 500 nm (medium-wavelength-sensitive) or 562-565 nm (long-wavelength-sensitive). Oil droplets in the ultraviolet-sensitive single cones showed no detectable absorption between 330 nm and 800 nm. Oil droplets in the short-, medium-, and long-wavelength-sensitive single cones had cut-off wavelengths at 415-423 nm, 510-520 nm and 567-575 nm, respectively. Double cones contained the visual pigment with wavelength of maximum absorbance at 562-565 nm observed in long-wavelength-sensitive single cones. Only the principal member of the double cone pair contained an oil droplet (P-type, cut-off wavelength at 414-489 nm depending on species and retinal location). Spectral transmittance of the intact ocular media of each species was measured along the optic axis. Wavelengths of 0.5 transmittance for all species were very similar (316-318 nm).","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"681-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21849415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 94

Arrangement of optical axes and spatial resolution in the compound eye of the female blowfly Calliphora. 雌花蛱蝶复眼的光轴排列及空间分辨率。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000127

R Petrowitz, H Dahmen, M Egelhaaf, H G Krapp

{"title":"Arrangement of optical axes and spatial resolution in the compound eye of the female blowfly Calliphora.","authors":"R Petrowitz, H Dahmen, M Egelhaaf, H G Krapp","doi":"10.1007/s003590000127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000127","url":null,"abstract":"We determined the optical axes of ommatidia in the wild-type female blowfly Calliphora by inspecting the deep pseudopupil in large parts of the compound eye. The resulting map of optical axes allowed us to evaluate the spatial resolution in different parts of the eye in terms of interommatidial angles as well as the density of optical axes, and to estimate the orientation of ommatidial rows along the hexagonal eye lattice. The optical axes are not homogeneously distributed over the eye. In the frontal visual field the spatial resolution is about two times higher than in its lateral part and about three times higher as compared to the eye's dorsal pole region. The orientation of the ommatidial rows along the eye lattice is not the same for different regions of the eye but changes in a characteristic way. The inter-individual variability in the orientation of the ommatidial rows is estimated to be smaller than 8 degrees . The characteristic arrangement of the ommatidial lattice is discussed as an adaptation for efficient evaluation of optic flow as induced during self-motions of the animal.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"737-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21849414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Aminergic neuron systems of lobsters: morphology and electrophysiology of octopamine-containing neurosecretory cells. 龙虾的胺能神经元系统:含章鱼胺的神经分泌细胞的形态和电生理。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000116

R Heinrich, P Bräunig, I Walter, H Schneider, E A Kravitz

{"title":"Aminergic neuron systems of lobsters: morphology and electrophysiology of octopamine-containing neurosecretory cells.","authors":"R Heinrich, P Bräunig, I Walter, H Schneider, E A Kravitz","doi":"10.1007/s003590000116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000116","url":null,"abstract":"In the American lobster (Homarus americanus) the biogenic amines serotonin and octopamine appear to play important and opposite roles in the regulation of aggressive behavior, in the establishment and/or maintenance of dominant and subordinate behavioral states and in the modulation of the associated postural stances and escape responses. The octopamine-containing neurosecretory neurons in the thoracic regions of the lobster ventral nerve cord fall into two morphological subgroups, the root octopamine cells, a classical neurohemal group with release regions along second thoracic roots, and the claw octopamine cells, a group that selectively innervates the claws. Cells of both subgroups have additional sets of endings within neuropil regions of ganglia of the ventral nerve cord. Octopamine neurosecretory neurons generally are silent, but when spontaneously active or when activated, they show large overshooting action potentials with prominent after-hyperpolarizations. Autoinhibition after high-frequency firing, which is also seen in other crustacean neurosecretory cells, is readily apparent in these cells. The cells show no spontaneous synaptic activity, but appear to be excited by a unitary source. Stimulation of lateral or medial giant axons, which excite serotonergic cells yielded no response in octopaminergic neurosecretory cells and no evidence for direct interactions between pairs of octopamine neurons, or between the octopaminergic and the serotonergic sets of neurosecretory neurons was found.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"617-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21848105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Ion channels and receptors: molecular targets for behavioral evolution. 离子通道和受体:行为进化的分子靶标。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000133

R M Harris-Warrick

引用次数: 21

Neuronal pathways from low-threshold muscle and cutaneous afferents innervating tail to trunk muscle motoneurons in the cat. 猫低阈肌和皮肤传入神经支配尾巴到躯干肌肉运动神经元的神经通路。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-07-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000130

N Wada, Y Kanda, M Tokuriki, K Kanda

{"title":"Neuronal pathways from low-threshold muscle and cutaneous afferents innervating tail to trunk muscle motoneurons in the cat.","authors":"N Wada, Y Kanda, M Tokuriki, K Kanda","doi":"10.1007/s003590000130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000130","url":null,"abstract":"We studied neuronal pathways from low-threshold muscle (group I, II) and cutaneous afferents (group A(alpha)beta) innervating the tail to motoneurons innervating trunk muscles (m. iliocostalis lumborum and m. obliquus externus abdominus) in 18 spinalized cats. Stimulation of group I muscle afferents produced excitatory postsynaptic potentials or excitatory postsynaptic potentials followed by inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in all motoneurons innervating the m. iliocostalis lumborum which showed effects (32%), and predominantly inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in motoneurons innervating the m. obliquus externus abdominus (47%). Stimulation of group I+II afferents produced significant increases of the incidence of motoneurons showing postsynaptic potentials (the notoneurons innervating the m. iliocostalis lumborum, 87%; the motoneurons innervating the m. obliquus externus abdominus, 82%). The effects of low threshold cutaneous afferents were bilateral, predominantly producing inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in motoneurons innervating both muscles. These results suggest that neuronal pathways from muscle afferents to back muscle motoneurons mainly increase the stiffness of the trunk to maintain its stability, while those to abdominal muscles help to extend the dorsal column by decreasing their activities. The results also indicate that neuronal pathways from cutaneous afferents to trunk motoneurons functionallY disconnect the tail from the trunk.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 7-8","pages":"771-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000130","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21849420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6