Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology最新文献_第3页

Selective receptor neurone responses to E-beta-ocimene, beta-myrcene, E,E-alpha-farnesene and homo-farnesene in the moth Heliothis virescens, identified by gas chromatography linked to electrophysiology. 气相色谱与电生理学相结合鉴定了Heliothis virescens蛾对E- β -香芹烯，β -月桂烯，E,E- α -香芹烯和同型香芹烯的选择性受体神经元反应。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000136

T Røstelien, A K Borg-Karlson, H Mustaparta

{"title":"Selective receptor neurone responses to E-beta-ocimene, beta-myrcene, E,E-alpha-farnesene and homo-farnesene in the moth Heliothis virescens, identified by gas chromatography linked to electrophysiology.","authors":"T Røstelien, A K Borg-Karlson, H Mustaparta","doi":"10.1007/s003590000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000136","url":null,"abstract":"An important question in olfaction is for which odorants receptor neurones have evolved. In the present study, olfactory receptor neurones on the antennae of the tobacco budworm moth Heliothis virescens were screened for sensitivity to naturally occurring plant-produced volatiles by the use of gas chromatography linked to electrophysiology. Volatiles of host as well as non-host plants collected by headspace techniques were used for stimulating the neurones, sequentially via two columns, one polar and one nonpolar installed in parallel in the gas chromatograph. Three types of neurones presented in this paper responded to one, two or three compounds for which the retention times were determined in both column types. The chemical structures of the active components were determined on the basis of mass spectrometry linked to gas chromatography, indicating E-beta-ocimene and beta-myrcene as stimulants for neurone type 1, E,E-alpha-farnesene for neurone type 2 and homo-farnesene for neurone type 3. Re-testing authentic materials verified the identifications for the type 1 neurones. The results demonstrate a high specificity for the three types of neurones by strong responses to one or two structurally similar compounds out of hundreds present in a large variety of plants. The study exemplifies plant odour detection by narrowly tuned receptor neurones in a polyphagous moth species.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"833-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 54

Optic flow representation in the optic lobes of Diptera: modeling innervation matrices onto collators and their evolutionary implications. 双翅目视叶中的光流表征:神经支配矩阵的建模及其进化意义。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000132

J K Douglass, N J Strausfeld

{"title":"Optic flow representation in the optic lobes of Diptera: modeling innervation matrices onto collators and their evolutionary implications.","authors":"J K Douglass, N J Strausfeld","doi":"10.1007/s003590000132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000132","url":null,"abstract":"A network model of optic flow processing, based on physiological and anatomical features of motion-processing neurons, is used to investigate the role of small-field motion detectors emulating T5 cells in producing optic flow selective properties in wide-field collator neurons. The imposition of different connectivities can mimic variations observed in comparative studies of lobula plate architecture across the Diptera. The results identify two features that are crucial for optic flow selectivity: the broadness of the spatial patterns of synaptic connections from motion detectors to collators, and the relative contributions of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic outputs. If these two aspects of the innervation matrix are balanced appropriately, the network's sensitivity to perturbations in physiological properties of the small-field motion detectors is dramatically reduced, suggesting that sensory systems can evolve robust mechanisms that do not rely upon precise control of network parameters. These results also suggest that alternative lobula plate architectures observed in insects are consistent in allowing optic flow selective properties in wide-field neurons. The implications for the evolution of optic flow selective neurons are discussed.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"799-811"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000132","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Global processing of spectrally complex sounds in macaques (Macaca mullata) and humans. 猕猴(Macaca mullata)和人类频谱复杂声音的整体处理。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000145

K N O'Connor, P Barruel, M L Sutter

{"title":"Global processing of spectrally complex sounds in macaques (Macaca mullata) and humans.","authors":"K N O'Connor, P Barruel, M L Sutter","doi":"10.1007/s003590000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000145","url":null,"abstract":"How nonhuman species perceive the world is a biological question of fundamental importance, and has major significance for establishing the validity and possible limitations of animal models of human sensory function and perception. Studies in comparative hearing have revealed that almost all animals, including monkeys, are worse than humans at discriminating tone frequencies. Less is known, however, about comparative differences in discriminating more spectrally complex sounds. We compared the capacity of macaques and humans to discriminate complex sound patterns by measuring spectral-contrast sensitivity using stimuli having sine-modulated power spectra, analogous to sine-wave gratings used in visual studies. We found that the auditory system of the macaque is far less sensitive than the human system over the sine-profile frequency range tested (0.5-2.0 cycles/octave). These results indicate that rhesus macaques hear at least some spectrally complex sounds with less fidelity than do humans, and demonstrate large differences in primate species' abilities to process low-resolution spectral patterns. These results cannot be accounted for by traditional, narrowband peripheral filter models of spectral analysis, but instead, imply the involvement of a central, frequency integration process that may differ significantly across species.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"903-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Ultrastructural architecture and mechanical properties of attachment pads in Tettigonia viridissima (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae). 蛭形蛭甲附着垫的超微结构和力学性能。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000135

S Gorb, Y Jiao, M Scherge

{"title":"Ultrastructural architecture and mechanical properties of attachment pads in Tettigonia viridissima (Orthoptera Tettigoniidae).","authors":"S Gorb, Y Jiao, M Scherge","doi":"10.1007/s003590000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000135","url":null,"abstract":"Natural releasable attachment systems of insect legs, where attachment-detachment performances are often very fast, seem to be optimized to get a maximum of real contact to the substratum. Tarsi of Tettigonia viridissima bear flexible attachment pads with unusual ultrastructural architecture of the cuticle. The indentation of the attachment pads was measured under different loads using a force-tester. Since the mechanical properties are influenced by material structure, the freeze-substitution experiments were undertaken to investigate the influence of loads on material structure. Both profile changes of the surface and the orientation of cuticle microfibrils were visualized by means of scanning electron microscopy followed by fracturing of the frozen material. The results show that the flexible pad material deforms replicating the substrate profile down to the micrometer roughness. The pad material showed both elastic and viscous behavior under loads. Elastic deformation of the pad occurred under normal force applied for 4-6 s (elastic modulus 27.2 +/- 11.6 kPa). Two viscous relaxation processes were found, of time constants tau1 = 1.88+/-0.616 s and tau2 =41.2 +/- 9.95 s. Low stiffness of material studied here aids in surface replication and increase of area of real contact between the pad and the underlying substrate.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"821-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000135","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 183

Mechanical adaptations for echolocation in the cochlea of the bat Hipposideros lankadiva. 蝙蝠耳蜗回声定位的机械适应性。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000139

E Foeller, M Kössl

{"title":"Mechanical adaptations for echolocation in the cochlea of the bat Hipposideros lankadiva.","authors":"E Foeller, M Kössl","doi":"10.1007/s003590000139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000139","url":null,"abstract":"The cochlear mechanics of bats with long constant-frequency components in their echolocation calls are sharply tuned to the dominant second harmonic constant frequency. Hipposiderid bats employ a shorter constant-frequency call component whose frequency is less stable than in long-constant-frequency bats. To investigate to what degree cochlear mechanics in hipposiderid bats are already specialized for the processing of constant frequencies, we recorded distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in Hipposideros lankadiva. Iso-distortion threshold curves for the 2f1-f2 distortion-product otoacoustic emission reveal a threshold maximum close to the second harmonic constant frequency, between 65.0 and 70.0 kHz, and a second insensitivity close to the first harmonic constant frequency. The group delay of the 2f1-f2 distortion is prolonged for both frequency ranges, indicating that a specialized cochlear resonance may act to absorb the constant-frequency call components. Compared to long-constant-frequency bats, the threshold maximum at the second harmonic constant frequency is less pronounced and the optimum cochlear frequency separation is larger. Distortion-product otoacoustic emission suppression tuning curves and neuronal tuning curves recorded from neurons in the cochlear nucleus display an increase of tuning sharpness close to the second harmonic constant-frequency range which is smaller than that reported for long-constant-frequency bats. Our data suggest that the cochlea of hipposiderid bats represents an intermediate state between that of non-specialized bats and long-constant-frequency bats.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"859-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Color constancy in goldfish: the limits. 金鱼的颜色稳定性:极限。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000141

S Dörr, C Neumeyer

引用次数: 38

Optic flow representation in the optic lobes of Diptera: modeling the role of T5 directional tuning properties. 双翅目视叶中的光流表征:T5定向调谐特性的建模作用。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000131

J K Douglass, N J Strausfeld

{"title":"Optic flow representation in the optic lobes of Diptera: modeling the role of T5 directional tuning properties.","authors":"J K Douglass, N J Strausfeld","doi":"10.1007/s003590000131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000131","url":null,"abstract":"An evolutionarily conserved system of small retinotopic neurons in dipteran insects, called bushy T-cells, provides information about directional motion to large collator neurons in the lobula plate. Physiological and anatomical features of these cells provide the basis for a model that is used to investigate requirements for generating optic flow selectivity in collators while allowing for evolutionary variations. This account focuses on the role of physiological tuning properties of T5 neurons. Various flow fields are defined as inputs to retinotopic arrays of T5 cells, the responses of which are mapped onto collators using innervation matrices that promote selectivity for flow type and position. Properties known or inferred from physiological and anatomical studies of neurons contributing to motion detection are incorporated into the model: broad tuning to local motion direction and the representation of each visual sampling unit by a quartet of small-field T5-like neurons with orthogonal preferred directions. The model predicts hitherto untested response properties of optic flow selective collators, and predicts that selectivity for a given flow field can be highly sensitive to perturbations in physiological properties of the motion detectors.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"783-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000131","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The role of antennal hair plates in object-guided tactile orientation of the cockroach (Periplaneta americana). 触角毛板在蟑螂物体导向触觉定向中的作用。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000137

J Okada, Y Toh

{"title":"The role of antennal hair plates in object-guided tactile orientation of the cockroach (Periplaneta americana).","authors":"J Okada, Y Toh","doi":"10.1007/s003590000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000137","url":null,"abstract":"The searching behavior of blinded cockroaches was examined under unrestrained conditions, in an arena, and on a treadmill. When cockroaches searching in a circular arena touched a stationary object (metal pole) with their antennae, they frequently approached the object more closely, and then climbed up it. Similar orientation behavior was observed in tethered animals in open loop conditions, walking on a Styrofoam ball. In these restrained cockroaches, a single antenna sufficed to distinguish the angular positions of an object, in the horizontal plane (0 degrees, 45 degrees, and 90 degrees). A group of mechanosensitive hairs on the basal segment of the antenna (scapal hair plate) appears to play a major role in antennal object detection in the horizontal plane, as gauged by shaving off these scapal hair plates. In unrestrained cockroaches, shaving the scapal hair plate increased the time needed to approach an object. Under tethered conditions, the ability to turn towards and to establish antennal contact with a test object was significantly impaired.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"849-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 90

Learning and discrimination of colored papers in jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae). 跳蛛(蜘蛛目，跳蛛科)对彩色纸张的学习和辨别。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000143

T Nakamura, S Yamashita

{"title":"Learning and discrimination of colored papers in jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae).","authors":"T Nakamura, S Yamashita","doi":"10.1007/s003590000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000143","url":null,"abstract":"Color discrimination in jumping spiders Hasarius adansoni was examined by heat-avoidance learning in association with colored papers. The arena for the experiment was divided into two halves by a pair of colored papers. The colored papers used in this study were blue, green, yellow, red, white, gray and black. In training sessions, one half of the arena was heated from the bottom by a hot plate, and freely walking spiders were individually trained to avoid the heated half. In subsequent memory tests without heat, they consistently avoided the heat-associated colored papers. We found that jumping spiders could learn blue-green, blue-yellow, blue-red, blue-gray, green-yellow, green-red, green-gray, yellow-red, yellow-gray and red-gray patterns. Moreover, spiders trained with a blue-white pattern, a green-white pattern, a yellow-white pattern or a red-white pattern could discriminate the blue, green, yellow or red from black. It seems that jumping spiders can discriminate the blue, green, yellow and red papers by their hue, although brightness may also be used together with the color cue to discriminate colored papers.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"897-901"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 74

Online first publication. 在线首次出版。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000138

引用次数: 0