Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology最新文献_第2页

Radius construction and structure in the orb-web of Zilla diodia (Araneidae). 蜘蛛科蜘蛛蛛圆网的半径构造与结构。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000155

S Zschokke

引用次数: 22

Integration and recovery processes contribute to the temporal selectivity of neurons in the midbrain of the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens. 整合和恢复过程有助于北方豹蛙中脑神经元的时间选择性。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000144

T B Alder, G J Rose

{"title":"Integration and recovery processes contribute to the temporal selectivity of neurons in the midbrain of the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens.","authors":"T B Alder, G J Rose","doi":"10.1007/s003590000144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000144","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the mechanisms underlying amplitude modulation selectivity in the anuran auditory midbrain. Single units were recorded extracellularly in the torus semicircularis of the northern leopard frog, Rana pipiens. Two physiologically distinct classes of neurons were identified, based on their response latencies and their selectivities to pulse repetition rates. Cells in one group had short response latencies (median = 31 ms) and responded best to pulse repetition rates below 40 Hz. Tuning to low amplitude modulation rates was largely determined by recovery processes and phasic response properties. Cells in the second group had much longer latencies (median=81 ms) and were generally selective for pulse repetition rates greater than 40-50 Hz. Sensitivity to higher amplitude modulation rates resulted from integration processes; these units only responded when a threshold number of pulses were presented at a minimum pulse density (amplitude modulation rate). At amplitude modulation rates above their best rate, their responses decreased, apparently due to inadequate recovery time between pulses.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 10","pages":"923-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21960901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56

Processing of sensory signals by a non-spiking neuron in the leech. 水蛭体内非尖峰神经元对感觉信号的处理。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000152

A Marín-Burgin, L Szczupak

{"title":"Processing of sensory signals by a non-spiking neuron in the leech.","authors":"A Marín-Burgin, L Szczupak","doi":"10.1007/s003590000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000152","url":null,"abstract":"The non-spiking neurons 151 are present as bilateral pairs in each midbody ganglion of the leech nervous system and they are electrically coupled to several motorneurons. Intracellular recordings were used to investigate how these neurons process input from the mechanosensory P neurons in isolated ganglia. Induction of spike trains (15 Hz) in single P cells evoked responses that combined depolarizing and hyperpolarizing phases in cells 151. The phasic depolarizations, transmitted through spiking interneurons, reversed at around -20 mV. The hyperpolarization had two components, both reversing at around -65 mV, and which were inhibited by strychnine (10 micromol l(-1)). The faster component was transmitted through spiking interneurons and the slower component through a direct P-151 interaction. Short trains (<400 ms) of P cell spikes (15 Hz) evoked the phasic depolarizations superimposed on the hyperpolarization, while long spike trains (>500 ms) produced a succession of depolarizations that masked the hyperpolarizing phase. The amplitude and duration of the hyperpolarization reached their maximum at the initial spikes in a train, while the depolarizations persisted throughout the duration of the stimulus train. Both phases of the response were relatively unaffected by the spike frequency (5-25 Hz). The non-spiking neurons 151 processed the sensory signals in the temporal rather than in the amplitude domain.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 10","pages":"989-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21959565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Direction-dependent corticofugal modulation of frequency-tuning curves of inferior collicular neurons in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus. 大棕蝠下丘神经元频率调谐曲线的方向依赖性皮质调节。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000142

J P Zhang, P H Jen, X Sun

{"title":"Direction-dependent corticofugal modulation of frequency-tuning curves of inferior collicular neurons in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus.","authors":"J P Zhang, P H Jen, X Sun","doi":"10.1007/s003590000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000142","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined if corticofugal modulation of subcortical frequency-tuning curves varied with sound direction. Both excitatory and inhibitory frequency tuning curves of inferior collicular neurons of the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus were plotted before and during electrical stimulation in the auditory cortex at two sound directions (contra-40 degrees and ipsi-40 degrees). Most collicular neurons had broader excitatory frequency-tuning curves at contra-40 degrees but had broader inhibitory frequency-tuning curves at ipsi-40 degrees. Cortical electrical stimulation changed the excitatory minimum thresholds of most collicular neurons at a greater degree at ipsi-40 degrees than at contra-40 degrees. However, cortical electrical stimulation produced a greater increase in the sharpness of excitatory frequency-tuning curves of most corticofugally inhibited collicular neurons at contra-40 degrees but produced a greater decrease in the sharpness of excitatory frequency-tuning curves of most corticofugally facilitated collicular neurons at ipsi-40 degrees. Cortical electrical stimulation also produced a greater change in the sharpness of inhibitory frequency-tuning curves of most corticofugally inhibited collicular neurons at contra-40 degrees than at ipsi-40 degrees. Possible mechanisms for this direction-dependent corticofugal modulation of frequency-tuning curves of collicular neurons are discussed.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 10","pages":"913-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000142","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21960900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Interaction of visual and olfactory cues in the aggregation behaviour of the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans. 在噬血虫的聚集行为中视觉和嗅觉线索的相互作用。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000149

C E Reisenman, A N Lorenzo Figueiras, M Giurfa, C R Lazzari

{"title":"Interaction of visual and olfactory cues in the aggregation behaviour of the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans.","authors":"C E Reisenman, A N Lorenzo Figueiras, M Giurfa, C R Lazzari","doi":"10.1007/s003590000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000149","url":null,"abstract":"We analysed how the assembling behaviour of Triatoma infestans is modulated by the convergence of chemical cues released by their faeces and the spectral quality of the light associated with refuges. Second-instar larvae were confronted with refuges associated with a visual stimulus (either blue, green or red lights having the same intensity, or darkness) and a chemical cue (presence or absence of faeces). In this context, faeces constitute a major attractant for bugs. In the absence of faeces, bugs always assembled in dark places. Green light was always rejected despite the presence of faeces, i.e. the assembling behaviour was controlled by a photonegative reaction to this light. In the presence of red light, orientation towards the chemical cue dominated over the bugs' photonegative reaction to this light. Such a light was avoided in the absence of faeces but not in their presence. Also, negative phototaxis to blue light could be counteracted by the presence of the chemical cue. Thus, a concrete interaction between visual and olfactory cues occurred in these experiments: the bugs' response changed depending on the specific combination of spectral light and faeces. Finally, bugs responded differentially to blue, red and green lights of the same intensity. They assembled preferentially on red, followed by blue and then by green. Thus, discrimination between lights of different spectral quality is possible, probably through an achromatic mechanism.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 10","pages":"961-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21960905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

The magnetic field sensitivity of the human visual system shows resonance and compass characteristic. 人类视觉系统的磁场灵敏度表现出共振和罗盘特征。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000166

F Thoss, B Bartsch, B Fritzsche, D Tellschaft, M Thoss

引用次数: 29

The role of echolocation in the hunting of terrestrial prey--new evidence for an underestimated strategy in the gleaning bat, Megaderma lyra. 回声定位在捕食陆地猎物中的作用——为拾取食物的蝙蝠(Megaderma lyra)一种被低估的策略提供了新证据。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000151

S Schmidt, S Hanke, J Pillat

{"title":"The role of echolocation in the hunting of terrestrial prey--new evidence for an underestimated strategy in the gleaning bat, Megaderma lyra.","authors":"S Schmidt, S Hanke, J Pillat","doi":"10.1007/s003590000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000151","url":null,"abstract":"The observation that gleaning bats detect prey by its noises, together with difficulties in recording their faint sonar calls, have led some authors to conclude that gleaning bats may not use echolocation in certain hunting situations. In particular, it is conjectured that echolocation plays no role in the classification and tracking of prey. In the present study, we show that the gleaning bat, Megaderma lyra, is able to find silent and motionless prey on the ground. The significance of sonar for catching a variety of terrestrial prey is established in a standardized situation. Sonar calls were found to be emitted during all stages, i.e. approach, hovering above the prey, and return to the roost, of every hunting flight. The harmonic pattern of the calls differed significantly between these stages, calls with three or more prominent components prevailing during hovering. Bats identified prey and rejected dummies while hovering above them. During this stage, increased call rates and reduced call durations were found. Echolocation activity during, and the duration of, the hovering phase depended on prey type, in particular on prey movement. The prey-dependent shifts in sonar activity, the broadband call structure with an emphasis on higher harmonics, and a systematic shift of the calls' peak frequencies during hovering, are discussed as adaptations to identifying prey by sonar.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 10","pages":"975-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21959564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 82

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000146

M Kaib, B Eisermann, E Schoeters, J Billen, S Franke, W Francke

{"title":"Task-related variation of postpharyngeal and cuticular hydrocarbon compositions in the ant Myrmicaria eumenoides.","authors":"M Kaib, B Eisermann, E Schoeters, J Billen, S Franke, W Francke","doi":"10.1007/s003590000146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000146","url":null,"abstract":"In the ant Myrmicaria eumenoides we investigated postpharyngeal and cuticular hydrocarbons. At eclosion the glands contained almost no hydrocarbons and there were no lipid inclusions in the glandular epithelium. During the first 3 weeks of adult life the amount of hydrocarbons in the gland increased until day 5, and then remained constant while the lipid content in the epithelium increased steadily. Intracolonial hydrocarbon compositions were not uniform. Compositions of post-pharyngeal and cuticular hydrocarbons in individual ants varied simultaneously, but in different manner depending on the tasks of the ant (brood-tenders, foragers, scouts). Variations on the cuticle were greater than in the gland, but they were strongly correlated. Independent of ants' age and task, cuticular hydrocarbon compositions were dominated by alkenes and alkadienes. Task-specific differences in cuticular compositions were mainly in the amount of alkenes (high in foragers) and alkadienes (high in brood-tenders). Variation of hydrocarbons was low in ants up to 10 weeks old. Thereafter, ants fell into two groups: (1) ants that did not change their hydrocarbons and remained in the nest, and (2) ants that changed their hydrocarbon compositions and became foragers. These results contribute to an ongoing discussion of the dynamic relationship between post-pharyngeal and cuticular hydrocarbons.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 10","pages":"939-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21960902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 60

Functionally heterogeneous segmental oscillators generate swimming in the medical leech. 功能异质段振荡产生游泳的医疗水蛭。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000140

C G Hocker, X Yu, W O Friesen

{"title":"Functionally heterogeneous segmental oscillators generate swimming in the medical leech.","authors":"C G Hocker, X Yu, W O Friesen","doi":"10.1007/s003590000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000140","url":null,"abstract":"Swimming behavior in the leech Hirudo medicinalis arises from neuronal circuits within the ventral nerve cord. Although the ventral nerve cord comprises a series of homologous segmental ganglia, it remains unresolved whether the swim oscillator circuits within individual ganglia are functionally equivalent. We have extended previous studies on pairs of ganglia to test whether individual ganglia throughout the nerve cord are capable of generating swim oscillations and to measure the cycle periods of local oscillations. We found that the swim-generating function of individual ganglia is broadly distributed, but not uniform. The swim-like oscillations in isolated ganglia from the anterior ganglia nerve cord were less robust than those from mid-cord. Swimming activity in posterior cord ganglia is even weaker we were unable to obtain swim-like oscillations from individual ganglia of the nerve cord posterior to segment 12. Swim-cycle periods exhibited a U-shaped function: those recorded in the most anterior individual ganglia (2.3 s for ganglion M2) and short chains of posterior ganglia (up to 4.0 s) were two to four times longer than those obtained from mid-cord ganglia (near 1.0 s). We conclude that the leech swim system comprises a functionally heterogeneous set of local oscillator units.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"871-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 42

Dancing bees tune both duration and rate of waggle-run production in relation to nectar-source profitability. 跳舞的蜜蜂根据花蜜来源的盈利能力调整摇摆生产的持续时间和速度。

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology Pub Date : 2000-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s003590000134

T D Seeley, A S Mikheyev, G J Pagano

{"title":"Dancing bees tune both duration and rate of waggle-run production in relation to nectar-source profitability.","authors":"T D Seeley, A S Mikheyev, G J Pagano","doi":"10.1007/s003590000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s003590000134","url":null,"abstract":"For more than 50 years, investigators of the honey bee's waggle dance have reported that richer food sources seem to elicit longer-lasting and livelier dances than do poorer sources. However, no one had measured both dance duration and liveliness as a function of food-source profitability. Using video analysis, we found that nectar foragers adjust both the duration (D) and the rate (R) of waggle-run production, thereby tuning the number of waggle runs produced per foraging trip (W, where W= DR) as a function of food-source profitability. Both duration and rate of waggle-run production increase with rising food-source profitability. Moreover, we found that a dancing bee adjusts the rate of waggle-run production (R) in relation to food-source profitability by adjusting the mean duration of the return-phase portion of her dance circuits. This finding raises the possibility that bees can use return-phase duration as an index of food-source profitability. Finally, dances having different levels of liveliness have different mean durations of the return phase, indicating that dance liveliness can be quantified in terms of the time interval between consecutive waggle runs.","PeriodicalId":15522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of comparative physiology. A, Sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology","volume":"186 9","pages":"813-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s003590000134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21910844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 195