Journal of Clinical Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Photo Quiz: An infant with altered mental status.","authors":"Heather L Young, Bobby L Boyanton","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01595-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01595-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0159525"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strengthening microbiology laboratory capacity in Latin America and the Caribbean region to bolster global health security agenda.","authors":"Wes Kim, Ana Da Costa, Andre Abreu, Amalia Corby","doi":"10.1128/jcm.00032-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00032-26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0003226"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a national reference material system for quality control of chikungunya virus nucleic acid detection assays.","authors":"Tingting Ma, Lan Zhao, Cong Luo, Yixi Wang, Yabin Tian, Sihong Xu","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01543-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01543-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The absence of a World Health Organization (WHO) international standard for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) nucleic acid testing has long impeded the comparability of diagnostic results across different assays and platforms. To address this critical gap in quality assurance, we developed and rigorously characterized a national reference material system consisting of a quantified standard and a validation panel for CHIKV molecular detection. These materials were developed using intact, inactivated CHIKV particles to closely mimic clinical extraction and amplification. The assigned value of the standard was determined through a robust multi-laboratory study using eight digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) platforms, yielding a traceable concentration of 7.60 ± 0.14 log₁₀ copies/mL (<i>k</i> = 2). Extensive evaluation using nine kits demonstrated 100% concordance for both positive and negative samples. The materials exhibited excellent repeatability (coefficient of variation, CV <5%) and consistent detectability (≥95% positivity rate) at the claimed limit of detection across all kits. In summary, this study developed a well-characterized reference material system to support the standardization, development, and quality control of CHIKV nucleic acid assays. The availability of this reference material system addresses a longstanding limitation of results across different platforms and geographical regions. Their implementation is expected to facilitate assay optimization and improve the consistency of surveillance data, thereby strengthening preparedness and the accurate identification of cases, especially in non-endemic areas at risk of importation.IMPORTANCEThe absence of a World Health Organization (WHO) international standard for Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) nucleic acid testing has long compromised result comparability and global outbreak response. Here, we established a national reference material system derived from intact, inactivated CHIKV particles-authentically mirroring the entire clinical workflow. Covering both Asian and East/Central/South African (ECSA) genotypes, this system mitigates false-negative risks caused by viral genetic diversity. Assigned via multi-laboratory dPCR and validated across nine commercial kits, it demonstrated 100% concordance, ≥95% detectability at LoD, and coefficient of variation (CV) <5%. This traceable, genotype-inclusive, workflow-authentic benchmark enables, for the first time, unified performance alignment for regulatory review, manufacturer quality control, and inter-laboratory comparison. It fills a critical gap in domestic quality assurance while providing a technical template for future WHO standardization efforts. Widespread adoption will accelerate reliable diagnostics, strengthen surveillance comparability, and support timely clinical decisions in both endemic and importation-prone settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0154325"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo Quiz: No brainer-hydrocephalus in a 39-year-old male.","authors":"David Barrera, Arthur H Totten, Jared K Woods","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01248-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01248-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0124825"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo Quiz: An unexpected colon companion.","authors":"Aleksander Luniewski, Jacob Kaplan, Melinda D Poulter, Emily A Snavely","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01331-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01331-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0133125"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147838082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JCM's Clinical Veterinary Microbiology section moves to <i>ASM Animal Microbiology</i>.","authors":"Romney M Humphries","doi":"10.1128/jcm.00484-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00484-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Journal of Clinical Microbiology</i> will transition its Clinical Veterinary Microbiology section to <i>ASM Animal Microbiology</i> to strengthen focus on animal-associated microbes and One Health. This editorial highlights key contributions from the new journal and outlines phased submission changes, emphasizing collaboration between human and veterinary microbiology to address antimicrobial resistance and emerging infectious threats.</p>","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0048426"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147815761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of galactomannan in tracheobronchial aspirate for <i>Aspergillus</i> infection in lung transplant recipients (the GALACTBAS study).","authors":"Arnau Monforte, Maria Teresa Martín-Gómez, Cristina Berastegui, Ester Márquez-Algaba, Judith Sacanell, Joel Rosado, Anna Falcó-Roget, Gonzalo Escudero, Jose Casanovas, Cristina Kirkegaard-Biosca, Berta Sáez-Giménez, Víctor Monforte, Joan Gavaldà, Oscar Len, Ibai Los-Arcos","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01556-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01556-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung transplant recipients (LTR) are highly susceptible to <i>Aspergillus</i> infection (AI), but diagnosis may be limited by the invasiveness of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collection. Proximal airway samples may provide a less invasive alternative. We conducted a retrospective single-center study including all adult LTR (March 2018-March 2022) who underwent bronchoscopy with tracheobronchial aspirate (TBA) and BALF galactomannan (GM) testing in the same procedure. They were processed for mycological culture and EIA-based GM (Bio-Rad) after cysteine homogenization. AI was defined according to ISHLT consensus. A ROC curve for TBA GM and its diagnostic performance were assessed. A total of 545 paired TBA-BALF samples from 282 LTR were analyzed. Proven or probable AI was diagnosed in 22 samples (4%). The optimal TBA GM cut-off was ≥0.54 optical density index (ODI), yielding 95.2% sensitivity, 92% specificity, and an AUC of 0.97 (95% CI, 0.95-0.99). In comparison, BALF GM at ≥1.0 ODI showed 33.3% sensitivity and 99.6% specificity (AUC 0.88, 95% CI, 0.80-0.95) although BALF GM values were significantly higher in invasive infections compared with non-invasive infections (1.49 vs 0.14; <i>P</i>-value = 0.007). TBA cultures were more frequently positive than BALF (24% vs 9.9%). Finally, TBA and BALF GM values demonstrated moderate correlation (<i>r</i> = 0.54), and combined testing with concordant results improved accuracy to 99.6%. TBA GM demonstrated higher sensitivity than BALF GM for detecting AI in LTR, while maintaining high specificity. Proximal airway samples could complement BALF in future diagnostic strategies.IMPORTANCEThis study provides evidence that galactomannan antigen testing (GM) in tracheobronchial aspirate (TBA) is a highly sensitive, reliable, and less invasive diagnostic tool for detecting Aspergillus infection in lung transplant recipients under universal antifungal prophylaxis, compared to the current standard bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) GM. These findings highlight the diagnostic value of proximal airway specimens, consistent with the pathophysiology of post-transplant aspergillosis, which often originates in the bronchial tree and may not be adequately captured by BALF early in the disease course. Importantly, the study shows that combining TBA and BALF GM results yields near-perfect diagnostic accuracy, supporting a complementary diagnostic strategy rather than a replacement approach. Although this is a proof-of-concept study, it fills a critical evidence gap in transplant infectious diseases and lays the groundwork for safer, more accurate, and earlier diagnosis of Aspergillus infection, with potential implications for clinical practice, antifungal stewardship, and future guideline development.</p>","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0155625"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrepancy between reference phenotypic and genotypic detection of <i>cphA</i> metallo-β-lactamase in <i>Aeromonas</i> spp.","authors":"Benjamin von Bredow, Marisol Trejo, Kevin W Ward, Kevin P Trieu, Cynthia A Santellan, Omai B Garner, Shangxin Yang, Sukantha Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01272-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01272-25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection with <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. can be difficult to treat due to the common presence of multiple β-lactamase genes. Although the presence of β-lactamase genes appears to be mostly species-specific, species-level identification of <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. is currently unreliable. Routine phenotypic susceptibility testing is unreliable for the detection of chromosomal <i>cphA</i> metallo-β-lactamase-mediated carbapenem resistance, which can lead to adverse outcomes. A reliable, easy-to-use phenotypic method for the detection of carbapenem resistance in <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. would allow laboratories to better guide treatment of these organisms. This study used whole-genome sequencing for the detection of β-lactamase genes in 43 <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. isolates as a reference to evaluate different phenotypic methods for the detection of <i>cphA</i>. Standard Kirby Bauer disk diffusion (KB) and broth microdilution (BMD) were least sensitive, detecting carbapenem resistance in 3 to 5 of 24 <i>cphA</i>-positive isolates, depending on the drug and method. Increased-inoculum KB detected resistance in 3 to 14 of 24 isolates, whereas increased-inoculum BMD detected resistance in 11 to 18 of 24 isolates depending on the carbapenem. The modified carbapenem inactivation method (mCIM) was positive for all 24 isolates, whereas EDTA-modified mCIM was positive for 19/24 isolates. None of the 19 <i>cphA</i>-negative isolates tested positive by mCIM or resistant by any phenotypic method. The mCIM is an easy-to-implement method that detected <i>cphA</i>-mediated carbapenem resistance with 100% sensitivity and specificity and could help guide effective treatment of <i>Aeromonas</i> sp. infection.IMPORTANCESerious infections with <i>Aeromonas</i> species are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Some species can have a carbapenemase that is not detectable by typical phenotypic methods. It is important for clinical laboratories to be aware and have a method for identifying and reporting this phenotype. Clinicians should also be aware of this resistance phenotype when choosing an antibiotic for therapy. Here, we show the difficulty in using broth microdilution or disk diffusion to identify carbapenem resistance mediated by a specific carbapenemase, <i>cphA</i>, in <i>Aeromonas</i> spp. Through genotypic analysis, we also found <i>cphA</i> to be associated with certain species of <i>Aeromonas</i>. Unfortunately, identification to the species level using typical methods like MALDI-TOF is also difficult. This study presents data for a previously well-established method, modified carbapenem inactivation method, that can be utilized to reliably detect this resistance phenotype in commonly encountered <i>Aeromonas</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0127225"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147815727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent cross-reactivity between <i>Candida tropicalis</i> and <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> on the BIOFIRE FilmArray Blood Culture Identification 2 panel.","authors":"Emily Puumala, Ryan W Stevens, Nancy L Wengenack","doi":"10.1128/jcm.00335-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00335-26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0033526"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo Quiz: An uncommon gram-negative pathogen in a splenectomized child with sickle cell disease.","authors":"Jessy Zenon, Hosam Dawoud, Yasmine Benhadid-Brahmi, Florence Missud, Marie Parizot, André Birgy, Stéphane Bonacorsi, Audrey Baron","doi":"10.1128/jcm.01209-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01209-25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15511,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":"e0120925"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}