Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis最新文献

{"title":"Importance of CD71+ Erythrocyte Cell Levels in Prognosis in Patients With β-Thalassemia","authors":"Gizem Zorlu Görgülügil,&nbsp;Ayşegül Uğur Kurtoğlu,&nbsp;Sevcan Uğur,&nbsp;Erdal Kurtoğlu","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25084","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CD71⁺ erythroid cells (CECs) are immature red blood cells (proerythroblasts, erythroblasts, and reticulocytes). CECs play an important role in the development of sepsis and cancer by causing immunosuppression. We examined the CEC levels in the peripheral blood of beta thalassemia (βThal) patients and investigated the relationship between CECs and the clinical status of the patients, especially splenectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-eight patients with βThal (46 splenectomized and 22 nonsplenectomized) and 15 healthy controls were included in this study. The hemogram parameters, ferritin, and CECs (flow cytometry method) were measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>It was observed that the CEC level in the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). CEC levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with splenectomy than in patients with nonsplenectomy (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). CEC levels were higher in patients with nontransfusion-dependent βT (NTD-βThal) than in patients with transfusion-dependent βT (TD-βThal) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). CEC levels were found to be significantly higher in patients with splenectomy than in patients with nonsplenectomy in both TD-βThal and NTD-βThal groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). There was a moderate-negative correlation was detected between CECs and Hb levels (<i>r</i> = −0.467; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High CEC levels in βThal patients develop as a result of ineffective erythropoiesis. We think that keeping CEC levels under control is important for prognosis, especially in patients with splenectomy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141457172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of a Novel Deletion Variant (c.2999_3005delTGTGTGT/p.Asn1000SerfsTer4) in NPHP4 Associated With Nephronophthisis-4","authors":"Zahra Miri Karam,&nbsp;Atieh Karimi Gohari,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Rezazadeh Khabaz,&nbsp;Abolfazl Yari,&nbsp;Seyed Mahdi Emami Meybodi,&nbsp;Rezvan Attari,&nbsp;Maryam Torabi,&nbsp;Farzane Vafaeie,&nbsp;Fateme Moradi Moraddahande,&nbsp;Sara Amiri,&nbsp;Kolsoum Saeidi","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25077","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nephronophthisis-4 (NPHP4) is an inherited renal ciliopathy described by renal fibrosis and progressive impairment of kidney function. This study aimed to investigate the genetic basis and clinical manifestations of NPHP4 in two Iranian siblings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The proband was a 27-year-old male with features of end-stage renal disease, including anemia, uremia, polyuria, and polydipsia. It is worth mentioning that he has a 22-year-old sister with a similar presentation. Clinical diagnosis procedures, such as renal biopsy, brain imaging, blood and urine tests, cardiac evaluation, ophthalmic inspection, and auditory function assessment, were carried out to evaluate organ involvement and potential comorbidities. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and segregation analysis were performed to identify and confirm genetic variants associated with the condition. Computational variant analysis was conducted to evaluate the pathogenicity of the candidate variant. Furthermore, the SWISS-MODEL server was utilized for protein modeling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The brain, cardiac, ocular, and auditory functions were normal. Renal biopsy of the proband showed chronic interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. We found a novel homozygous 7-base pair deletion (c.2999_3005delTGTGTGT/ p.Asn1000SerfsTer4) in exon 21 of <i>NPHP4</i> by WES. Segregation analysis confirmed homozygosity for the NPHP4 variant in affected individuals and heterozygous carrier status in parents, supporting autosomal recessive inheritance. 3D protein modeling indicated significant structural changes due to the variant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study expands the genetic causes and phenotypic spectrum of nephronophthisis-4 and reveals the importance of genetic analysis in diagnosing and managing rare inherited kidney disorders, particularly those involving consanguinity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141419363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Rising Tide of Antibiotic Resistance: A Study on Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Hasan Ejaz,&nbsp;Muhammad Usman Qamar,&nbsp;Aisha Farhana,&nbsp;Sonia Younas,&nbsp;Alia Batool,&nbsp;Durreshahwar Lone,&nbsp;Muhammad Atif,&nbsp;Mashael W. Alruways,&nbsp;Muharib Alruwaili,&nbsp;Ismail Hamad,&nbsp;Samy Selim,&nbsp;Bi Bi Zainab Mazhari,&nbsp;Ali Farooq,&nbsp;Kashaf Junaid","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25081","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25081","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The global spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) poses a significant concern. Acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes leads to resistance against several antibiotics, limiting treatment options. We aimed to study ESBL-producing and CRE transmission in clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From clinical samples, 227 ESBL-producing and CRE isolates were obtained. The isolates were cultured on bacterial media and confirmed by VITEK 2. Antibiograms were tested against several antibiotics using VITEK 2. The acquired resistance genes were identified by PCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 227 clinical isolates, 145 (63.8%) were <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and 82 (36.1%) were <i>Escherichia coli</i>; 76 (33.4%) isolates were detected in urine, 57 (25.1%) in pus swabs, and 53 (23.3%) in blood samples. A total of 58 (70.7%) ESBL-producing <i>E. coli</i> were resistant to beta-lactams, except for carbapenems, and 17.2% were amikacin-resistant; 29.2% of <i>E. coli</i> isolates were resistant to carbapenems. A total of 106 (73.1%) ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae</i> were resistant to all beta-lactams, except for carbapenems, and 66.9% to ciprofloxacin; 38 (26.2%) <i>K. pneumoniae</i> were resistant to carbapenems. Colistin emerged as the most effective antibiotic against both bacterial types. Twelve (20.6%) <i>E. coli</i> isolates were positive for <i>bla</i>_CTX-M, 11 (18.9%) for <i>bla</i>_TEM, and 8 (33.3%) for <i>bla</i>_NDM. Forty-six (52.3%) <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates had <i>bla</i>_CTX-M, 27 (18.6%) <i>bla</i>_TEM, and 26 (68.4%) <i>bla</i>_NDM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study found a high prevalence of drug-resistant ESBL-producing and CRE, highlighting the need for targeted antibiotic use to combat resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141331068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Germline KIT Variants in Families With Severe Piebaldism: Case Series and Literature Review","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Haiming Gao,&nbsp;Lu Zhang,&nbsp;Yunjing Zhao,&nbsp;Chuang Qiu,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Liu","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25073","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Piebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital white forelock and depigmented patches, which is most commonly caused by deleterious variants in the <i>KIT</i> gene.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four <i>KIT</i> variants were identified in a piebaldism case series by whole-exome sequencing. Functional experiments, including in vitro minigene reporter assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, were carried out to elucidate the pathogenicity of the variants. The genotype–phenotype correlation was summarized through extensive literature reviewing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All the four cases had severe piebaldism presented with typical white forelock and diffuse depigmentation on the ventral trunk and limbs. Four germline variants at the tyrosine kinase (TK) domains of the <i>KIT</i> gene were identified: two novel variants c.1990+1G&gt;A (p.Pro627_Gly664delinsArg) and c.2716T&gt;C (p.Cys906Arg), and two known variants c.1879+1G&gt;A (p.Gly592_Pro627delinsAla) and c.1747G&gt;A (p.Glu583Lys). Both splicing variants caused exon skipping and inframe deletions in the TK1 domain. The missense variants resided at the TK1 and TK2 domains respectively impairing PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways, the downstream of KIT. All severe cases were associated with variants in the TK domains, eliciting a major dominant-negative mechanism of the disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our data expand the mutation spectrum of <i>KIT</i>, emphasized by a dominant-negative effect of variants in the critical TK domains in severe cases. We also share the experience of prenatal diagnosis and informed reproductive choices for the affected families.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jcla.25073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141419319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibody–Antibiotic Conjugates: A Comprehensive Review on Their Therapeutic Potentials Against BacterialInfections","authors":"Atieh Darbandi,&nbsp;Milad Abdi,&nbsp;Shirin Dashtbin,&nbsp;Sajad Yaghoubi,&nbsp;Mohammad Sholeh,&nbsp;Ebrahim Kouhsari,&nbsp;Talieh Darbandi,&nbsp;Roya Ghanavati,&nbsp;Behrouz Taheri","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25071","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antibodies are significant agents in the immune system and have proven to be effective in treating bacterial infections. With the advancement of antibody engineering in recent decades, antibody therapy has evolved widely.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review aimed to investigate a new method as a therapeutic platform for the treatment of bacterial infections and explore the novel features of this method in conferring pathogen specificity to broad-spectrum antibiotics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature review was conducted addressing the following topics about antibody–antibiotic conjugates (AACs): (1) structure and mechanism of action; (2) clinical effectiveness; (3) advantages and disadvantages.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antibody conjugates are designed to build upon the progress made in the development of monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of diseases. Despite the growing emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria worldwide, novel antimicrobials have not been sufficiently expanded to combat the global crisis of antibiotic resistance. A recently developed strategy for the treatment of infectious diseases is the use of AACs, which are specifically activated only in host cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel therapeutic AAC employs an antibody to deliver the antibiotic to the bacteria. The AACs can release potent antibacterial components that unconjugated forms may not exhibit with an appropriate therapeutic index. This review highlights how this science has guided the design principles of an impressive AAC and discusses how the AAC model promises to enhance the antibiotic effect against bacterial infections.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141310821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soluble Fibrinogen–Like Protein 2 Downregulation and Th17/Treg Imbalance in a Taurocholate-Induced Murine Experimental Model of Severe Acute Pancreatitis","authors":"Yibing Hu,&nbsp;Jin Ding,&nbsp;Yanping Chen,&nbsp;Qunying Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Yang,&nbsp;Hongjun Hua,&nbsp;Xiaohua Ye","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25076","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with tremendous systemic inflammation, T-helper 17 (Th17) cells, and regulatory T (Treg) cells play an essential role in the inflammatory responses. Meanwhile, soluble fibrinogen–like protein 2 (Sfgl2) is a critical immunosuppressive effector cytokine of Treg cells and modulates immune responses. However, the impact of SAP induction on Sfgl2 expression and the role of Sfgl2 in immunomodulation under SAP conditions are largely unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A taurocholate-induced mouse SAP model was established. The ratios of CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ Treg cells or CD4⁺IL-17⁺ Th17 cells in blood and pancreatic tissues as well as surface expression of CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) were determined by flow cytometry. Gene mRNA expression was determined by qPCR. Serum amylase and soluble factors were quantitated by commercial kits. Bone marrow–derived dendritic cells (DCs) were generated, and NF-κB/p65 translocation was measured by immunofluorescence staining.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SAP induction in mice decreased the Th17/Treg ratio in the pancreatic tissue and increased the Th17/Treg ratio in the peripheral blood. In addition, SAP was associated with a reduced level of Sfgl2 in the pancreatic tissue and blood: higher levels of serum IL-17, IL-2, IFN-α, and TNF-α, and lower levels of serum IL-4 and IL-10. Furthermore, the SAP-induced reduction in Sfgl2 expression was accompanied by dysregulated maturation of bone marrow–derived DCs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SAP causes reduced Sfgl2 expression and Th17/Treg imbalance, thus providing critical insights for the development of Sfgl2- and Th17/Treg balance-targeted immunotherapies for patients with SAP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Reference Range for Serum Concentration of Vitamin A and Vitamin E in Southern Sichuan Area of China","authors":"Qiang Ye,&nbsp;Qiang Zhong,&nbsp;Guoping Huang,&nbsp;Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25074","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To establish the reference range of serum concentration of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) in Southern Sichuan area of China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From August 1, 2021, to May 31, 2023, 9482 blood tablets were received for the screening of VA and VE. The information was divided into four different age groups: ≤1 year old, 1&lt; to ≤6 years, 6&lt; to ≤17 years, and 17&lt; to ≤59 years. In each age group, the four seasons were further subdivided into spring, summer, autumn, and winter, as well as male and female genders. The serum concentration of VA and VE was detected by liquid chromatography—tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS), and the reference range was established for verification.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The concentration of VA and VE in 9482 cases showed skewed distribution. When comparing between different age groups, the serum concentration of VA and VE was statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). While comparing different seasons, the serum VA levels in different seasons were significantly different (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) except in summer and autumn. There was statistical significance in VE level in different seasons (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). And while comparing different genders, there was no statistical significance in VA concentration levels (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The VE concentration levels were statistically significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The established reference range was established and verified, and the results were in accordance with the standard.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reference range of VA and VE should be set according to different ages, different seasons, and different genders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141283867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Interference in Chemiluminescence Assay–Measured Angiotensin I, Angiotensin II, Aldosterone, and Renin","authors":"Xiaohua Xu,&nbsp;Yongzhi Xu,&nbsp;Shengqiang Liang","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25045","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The interference can be a significant source of laboratory errors with the potential to cause immunoassay results to drift. Therefore, we evaluated the interference in various endogenous and exogenous substances on immunoassay for angiotensin I (Ang I), angiotensin II (Ang II), aldosterone, and renin in vitro.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ten endogenous and eight exogenous substances were evaluated at supraphysiologic or supratherapeutic plasma levels using the screening study to identify potential interfering substances. Subsequently, potential interfering substances were further tested within maximum pathological or therapeutic plasma concentration ranges using the dose–response study to determine whether the interference has a significant bias. According to preset acceptance criteria, the interference in potential interfering substances for Ang I, Ang II, and renin and aldosterone assays was determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six potential interfering substances for Ang I immunoassays were identified, namely valsartan, nifedipine, spironolactone, cholesterol, hemoglobin, and triglyceride. Meanwhile, ethanol, nifedipine, spironolactone, heparin sodium, warfarin, hemoglobin, uric acid, cholesterol, and triglyceride appeared to have potential interference in the Ang II assay. Three identified as possible interferents for aldosterone immunoassays were glucose, valsartan, and spironolactone. Moreover, warfarin, valsartan, spironolactone, uric acid, cholesterol, bilirubin unconjugated, triglyceride, and hemoglobin were potential interfering substances for renin immunoassays. However, only spironolactone of these potential interfering substances exceeded preset mean bias limits (less than ±10.0%) in aldosterone immunoassays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exogenous spironolactone caused clinically significant interference in aldosterone immunoassays. Moreover, the interference in other substances was acceptable in Ang I, Ang II, and renin and aldosterone immunoassays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141186672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Splenectomy on Natural Killer Cell Levels in β-Thalassemia Major Patients","authors":"Ayşegül Uğur Kurtoğlu,&nbsp;Sevcan Uğur,&nbsp;Mesut Göçer,&nbsp;Erdal Kurtoğlu","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25046","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we investigated how splenectomy affects natural killer (NK) cell levels in patients with β-thalassemia major (β-TM).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy patients with β-TM (38 splenectomized and 32 nonsplenectomized) and 25 healthy controls were included in this study. The hemogram parameters, ferritin, T lymphocyte, T-helper cell, T-suppressor cell, and NK cell numbers, were measured.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The T lymphocyte (CD3⁺) level was found to be significantly higher in the patient group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). CD3⁺/CD4⁺ T lymphocytes were detected to be significantly higher in the patient group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Although the CD3⁺/CD4⁺ T lymphocyte level was significantly higher in the nonsplenectomy group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), this was not the case in the splenectomy group. When the patient and control groups were compared, no significant difference was detected regarding CD3⁺/CD8⁺ T lymphocyte levels. CD3⁻/CD16⁺CD56⁺ NK cell level was found to be significantly lower only in the splenectomy group than in the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). We found that there was a significant negative correlation between serum ferritin levels and both total lymphocyte (<i>r</i> = −0.617) and CD3⁺ lymphocyte (<i>r</i> = −0.718) levels in the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). A significant negative correlation was detected between serum ferritin levels and CD3⁻/CD16⁺CD56⁺ NK cell levels in the patient group (<i>r</i> = −0.410) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Splenectomy reduces NK cell levels in patients with β-TM. The negative relationship between ferritin levels and NK cells indicates that ferritin levels should be kept under control in patients with β-TM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11137841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141174210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the QMAC-dRAST System Version 2.5 for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Gram-Negative Bacteria From Positive Blood Culture Broth and Subcultured Colony Isolates","authors":"Tae Yeul Kim,&nbsp;Minhee Kang,&nbsp;Hyang Jin Shim,&nbsp;On-Kyun Kang,&nbsp;Hee Jae Huh,&nbsp;Nam Yong Lee","doi":"10.1002/jcla.25043","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jcla.25043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) for bloodstream infections (BSIs) facilitates the optimization of antimicrobial therapy, preventing antimicrobial resistance and improving patient outcomes. QMAC-dRAST (QuantaMatrix Inc., Korea) is a rapid AST platform based on microfluidic chip technology that performs AST directly using positive blood culture broth (PBCB). This study evaluated the performance of QMAC-dRAST for Gram-negative bacteria using PBCB and subcultured colony isolates, comparing it with that of VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, France) using broth microdilution (BMD) as the reference method.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We included 141 Gram-negative blood culture isolates from patients with BSI and 12 carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates of Enterobacterales spiked into blood culture bottles. QMAC-dRAST performance was evaluated using PBCB and colony isolates, whereas VITEK 2 and BMD were tested only on colony isolates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For PBCB, QMAC-dRAST achieved 92.1% categorical agreement (CA), 95.3% essential agreement (EA), with 1.8% very major errors (VMEs), 3.5% major errors (MEs), and 5.2% minor errors (mEs). With colony isolates, it exhibited 92.5% CA and 95.1% EA, with 2.0% VMEs, 3.2% MEs, and 4.8% mEs. VITEK 2 showed 94.1% CA and 96.0% EA, with 4.3% VMEs, 0.4% MEs, and 4.3% mEs. QMAC-dRAST yielded elevated error rates for specific antimicrobial agents, with high VMEs for carbapenems and aminoglycosides. The median time to result for QMAC-dRAST was 5.9 h for PBCB samples and 6.1 h for subcultured colony isolates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The QMAC-dRAST system demonstrated considerable strengths and comparable performance to the VITEK 2 system; however, challenges were discerned with specific antimicrobial agents, underlining a necessity for improvement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15509,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis","volume":"38 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11137843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141158335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}