Journal of Craniofacial Surgery最新文献

{"title":"National Analysis of Socioeconomic and Demographic Predictors of Physical Abuse Among Geriatric Individuals With Facial Fractures.","authors":"Thomas M Johnstone, Daniel Najafali, Farrah C Liu, Dylan Singh, Halley Darrach, Kristan Staudenmayer, Rahim S Nazerali, Clifford C Sheckter","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Elder abuse significantly increases the risk of life-threatening injuries, leading to loss of functional independence and diminishing quality of life. Identifying patterns of facial fractures resulting from abuse can inform initial assessments and public policy initiatives.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate which socioeconomic, demographic, and fracture characteristics indicate likely physical abuse among geriatric patients presenting with facial fractures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were obtained from the 2019 to 2020 Nationwide Emergency Department (ED) Sample, representing 20% of annual encounters at hospital-owned EDs in the United States. ICD-10 codes were used to identify geriatric patients presenting with facial fractures. Patient demographics, causes of injury, concomitant injuries, comorbidities, and socioeconomic data were summarized. A multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of physical assault-related fractures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 46,829 geriatric facial fractures, 876 (1.9%) of which were assault related. Assaulted patients were younger (mean age: 71 versus 78 years, P<0.001) and predominantly male (84% versus 16% female, P<0.001). Patients living in zip codes with the lowest income quartile accounted for 45% of fractures caused by elder abuse. Black patients had the highest risk of assault (OR: 4.27, 95% CI: 3.50-5.18) and assault-related fractures were more likely on weekends (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.07-1.44). Patients with orbital (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.29-1.84), nasal (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08-1.51), maxillary (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.03-1.52), zygoma (OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.26-1.95), or mandibular fractures (OR: 2.57, 95% CI: 2.00-3.28) were significantly more likely to have been assaulted. Tooth fractures (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.38-0.86) and skull base fractures (OR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.44-0.81) were associated with a decreased likelihood of assault.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elder abuse has a distinct indefinable pattern of injury among geriatric patients with facial fractures. These were more prevalent among patients who were younger, male, of lower socioeconomic status, from racial minority groups, and with fractures in specific anatomic regions. Understanding these findings can improve prevention strategies and effective support for geriatric patients with facial fractures from assault.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of 3-Dimensional Printing in Brain Surgery From 2015 to 2024: A Bibliometric Analysis.","authors":"Yihuan Chen, Chenwang Wang, Jingyi Bai, Yifeng Fan","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study uses bibliometric analysis and knowledge mapping methods to systematically explore the emerging research frontiers and development trajectories of 3-dimensional (3D) printing technology in the application of brain surgery, and provides new clues and research directions for future research by exploring hotspots and new topics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted through the Scientific Citation Index Core Collection (WoSCC) database on March 21, 2025 to identify relevant articles and reviews published between January 2015 and December 2024 on the application of 3D printing technology in brain surgery. For data analysis and visualization, we used CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to conduct rigorous bibliometric analysis and build knowledge domain maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The authors' analysis covered 2982 papers contributed by 5550 authors from 1174 institutions in 90 regions, published in 236 journals. The authors have observed a steady increase in the number of publications annually, with Europe, Asia, North America, and Oceania leading the way in research output. The United States is in a leading position in research in this field. The University of London became the leading research institution in this field. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery has made significant contributions to this field, with Tillinger Florian M being the most published and cited author. The most influential research hotspots focus on virtual surgical planning, tissue engineering, 3D printing and finite element analysis. The latest hotspots and research frontiers include 3D printing, augmented reality and reconstructive surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>3D printing technology has made significant progress in the field of brain surgery and has become a research frontier for continuous development in the field of medical innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal Case of Acute Epidural Hematoma in an Infant With Concurrent Breath-Holding Spells.","authors":"Shaohua Cui, Shengwei Zhang, Lixia Geng","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The coexistence of acute epidural hematoma and breath-holding spells (BHS) is infrequently encountered in clinical settings. This report presents a rare case of an infant who developed both conditions concurrently, resulting in fatality.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A female infant, aged 4 months and 25 days, presented to the emergency department with persistent vomiting for 15 hours and loss of consciousness for 5 hours. Computed tomography of the head indicated a substantial epidural hematoma involving the left frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes. The patient was promptly admitted to the intensive care unit for resuscitative measures and surgical preparation. Emergency decompressive surgery was performed, and postoperative supportive management, including fluid resuscitation and antimicrobial therapy, was initiated. Postoperatively, the infant demonstrated clinical improvement sufficient for ventilator weaning. However, cardiac arrest occurred within one minute of extubation. Despite immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation, the patient did not survive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The concurrence of acute epidural hematoma and breath-holding spells is a rare and potentially fatal clinical entity in infants. Mortality related to BHS remains uncommon. Early recognition, comprehensive parental education, prompt multidisciplinary intervention, and heightened clinical awareness are essential for improving prognoses in pediatric patients presenting with craniocerebral trauma complicated by BHS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Zeeman Scaphocephaly Cranial Vault Remodelling Technique: Let the Brain Guide You.","authors":"Rehumile Amando Nkoane, Nick Kairinos, Arnold Douglas","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scaphocephaly is the most common craniosynostosis resulting from premature closure of the sagittal suture, resulting in esthetic and functional implications. This paper describes a novel total cranial vault technique that has been in use at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A 10-year retrospective analysis of scaphocephaly cases reconstructed using the Bennie Zeeman (BZ) technique is reviewed, and the technique is described and compared with the Melbourne technique and its modifications from Boston Children's Hospital and Great Ormond Street.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BZ method is conceptually easier, addresses all the scaphocephaly esthetic stigmata, and compares favorably with regard to procedure length, blood transfusion volume, and cranial index (CI) changes relative to the other procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Electronic Cigarettes on Sense of Smell: A Comparative Analysis With Traditional Cigarettes.","authors":"Ahmet Koder, Safiye Özdil","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use on olfactory function and compare the outcomes with traditional cigarette smokers and nonsmokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were equally divided into 3 main groups (n=40 each): electronic cigarette users, traditional cigarette smokers, and nonsmokers. Among the e-cigarette users, 33 used liquid-based products and 7 used heated tobacco products. Olfactory function was assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks Extended Test, which measures odor threshold, discrimination, and identification scores. The combined threshold-discrimination-identification (TDI) score was used to quantify overall olfactory performance. Statistical analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Traditional smokers exhibited the lowest olfactory performance, with significantly reduced TDI, threshold, and identification scores compared with both e-cigarette users and nonsmokers (P<0.05). E-cigarette users demonstrated significantly better olfactory scores than traditional smokers but poorer performance than nonsmokers, although the difference between e-cigarette users and nonsmokers was not statistically significant (P=0.100). No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of odor discrimination scores. E-cigarette use was associated with less severe olfactory impairment than traditional smoking, but still showed a trend toward reduced function compared with nonsmokers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that while e-cigarettes may be less detrimental to olfaction than traditional cigarettes, they are not without risk. Further longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate the long-term effects of e-cigarette use on the olfactory system.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144637095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Sutural Protraction: An Innovative Orthopedic Protocol for Midfacial Advancement in Growing Patients.","authors":"Fabio Mazzoleni, Maria Costanza Meazzini, Luca Autelitano, Valeria Marinella Augusta Battista, Federica Corradi, Gabriele Canzi, Giorgio Novelli, Mattia Moretti","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Midfacial hypoplasia is a common condition in clinical practice. It is characteristic of various craniofacial syndromes but can also occur as an isolated form of dento-skeletal dysmorphosis. Managing this condition in growing patients is challenging. Surgical approaches have high relapse rates, whereas orthodontic treatments yield variable results in midface advancement and stability. This study evaluates the effectiveness of the Meazzini-Mazzoleni Enhanced Sutural Protraction (MMESP) protocol for correcting severe midfacial hypoplasia in growing patients. Ten patients, with or without associated malformations, were treated at 2 ERN CRANIO centers: Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori and ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo-Ospedale San Paolo. Treatment began after assessing circum-maxillary suture maturation. A suture release phase was conducted using either palatal expansion or a modified Alt-RAMEC protocol. A rigid external distractor, anchored skeletally or dentally, was used to advance the midface without osteotomies. After correction, stabilization was achieved with temporary anchorage devices (TADs), intraoral elastics, or a protraction face mask. Lateral cephalograms and craniofacial CT scans at baseline, post-treatment, and 12-month follow-up quantified skeletal changes. Cephalometric superimpositions showed significant, stable midface advancement, averaging 15.68 mm at A point, achieving full correction. 3D CT models confirmed the movement followed the osteotomy trajectory of a Le Fort III procedure, with a cranio-caudal gradient and maximum effect at the maxillary alveolar bone. Tensile deformation with bone apposition was observed along circum-maxillary sutures. The MMESP protocol provides a safe, effective, and stable correction of severe midfacial hypoplasia in growing patients, delivering excellent outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Varied Anatomy of Supraorbital Foramina Present Along the Supraorbital Margin Along With Clinical Implications.","authors":"Rajani Singh","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Supraorbital margin encompasses supraorbital notch, which is situated at the junction of medial 1/3rd and lateral 2/3rd of supraorbital margin. But sometimes supraorbital notch is converted into foramen known as supraorbital foramen by ossification of periosteal ligament. Supraorbital foramen/notch transmits supraorbital neurovascular bundle, which may be injured during maxilofacial surgeries creating complications. The aim of study is to highlight the incidence and location of supraorbital foramen along with clinical implications. Study was conducted in the department of Anatomy using 174 supraorbital margins of unknown age and sex. The number of supraorbital notches and foramina on supraorbital margins of both sides of skulls were observed by visual inspection. The position was noted and distances of these anatomic structures from midline and fronto-zygomatic sutures were measured using vernier callipers. Percentage, mean, SD, and P-values were calculated. The supraorbital notch was observed in 43.7% and 40.2% on right and left orbits, respectively. The number of supraorbital foramina ranged between 0 and 3. Single, double, and triple foramen were found in 21.8%, 6.3%, and 1.1% orbits, respectively. The mean of distance between supraorbital foramen/notch and midline on right and left sides was 2.3±0.3 and 2.4±0.3, respectively, and that between foramen/notch and fronto-zygomatic suture on right and left side of orbit was 2.8±0.3 and 2.7±0.2, respectively. The information provided in this study will be useful in performing successful and uneventful surgeries in the vicinity of supraorbital margin in the Indian Population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scalp Complex Tissue With Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue for the Repair of Defects Following the Excision of Upper Lip Nevus: A Feasible Clinical Study.","authors":"Hui Pan, Bao-Fu Yu","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to examine the safety and efficacy of using scalp complex tissue combined with subcutaneous adipose tissue for the repair of defects after the excision of upper lip nevus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The authors conducted a retrospective study involving 8 patients who underwent transplantation of scalp composite tissue with subcutaneous adipose tissue for the reconstruction of upper lip defects after the excision of nevus. The surgical protocol entailed meticulous excision of pathologic skin lesions from the upper lip to adequately prepare the recipient site; subsequently, composite scalp tissue with subcutaneous adipose tissue was harvested from behind the ear and meticulously transplanted to rectify the upper lip deficiency. A comprehensive review of photographic evidence and clinical records for these patients was undertaken. In addition, we evaluated the patients' self-reported satisfaction with the outcomes of their repairs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three males and 5 females were included with median age 28 years. All the patients successfully underwent effective wound repair. There were no instances of necrosis observed in the scalp composite tissue during the early postoperative period. The wounds on the lips exhibited complete healing within 2 weeks after surgery. The mean duration of follow-up was 13 months, ranging from 11 to 17 months. All patients expressed profound satisfaction with the clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is a safe and effective approach to utilize scalp complex tissue with subcutaneous adipose tissue for the reconstruction of defects arising from the excision of upper lip nevi. The authors propose this method as a viable alternative therapeutic option.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level Ⅳ.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Use of Follicular Unit Extraction-Assisted Hair Removal in Total Nasal Reconstruction With Paramedian Forehead Flap.","authors":"Chao Lian, Xiao-Jun Liu, Xuan-Fen Zhang","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hair growth within the paramedian forehead flap remains a persistent challenge in total nasal reconstruction, often compromising esthetic outcomes and patient satisfaction. Conventional hair removal methods, such as electrolysis and laser therapy, are limited by inconsistent efficacy, procedural discomfort, and reduced effectiveness in certain skin and hair types. In this case report, the authors describe the use of preoperative follicular unit extraction (FUE) as a precise and minimally invasive approach for hair removal before flap transfer. A 24-year-old woman with a congenital melanocytic nevus involving the forehead, cheek, and nose underwent 2 sessions of FUE before nasal reconstruction using an expanded paramedian forehead flap. The procedure achieved complete hair clearance with minimal scarring and no regrowth at 1-year follow-up. This approach demonstrates the potential of FUE to enhance surgical planning, improve esthetic outcomes, and streamline postoperative care in nasal reconstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness, Complications, and Stability: A Long-term Retrospective Study of Himi-lengthening Genioplasty.","authors":"Zhenyao Qin, Xinzhe Xu, Miao Xiao, Huan Li, Yuhao Zhong, Guomin Wu","doi":"10.1097/SCS.0000000000011116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000011116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of the patients who underwent himi-lengthening genioplasty (HLG) in our department since 2020, using digital technology for a comprehensive comparative analysis of bone stability, facial symmetry, and neurosensory evaluation, aiming to evaluate the effectiveness and potential risks of HLG and provide a reference for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. A total of 23 patients were included in our study. Among them, 13 patients underwent HLG, while 10 patients underwent conventional genioplasty. The follow-up period was 1 year postoperatively. The measurements the authors recorded included 2-point discrimination (TPD) test values of lip and chin, the mandibular similarity index, the volumes of chin segments, and the absorption rates. All these measurements were compared by statistical method. The TPD values increased 1 day and 4 days postoperatively and were statistically significant (P<0.05), but when 1 month and 3 months postoperatively, the differences in TPD values were not statistically significant. The mandibular similarity index of the HLG group is better at 1 year after surgery (P=0.005). The difference in the stability of the chin segments was not statistically significant between the 2 groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15462,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Craniofacial Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}