Retrospective Analysis of Tooth Extractions by Age and Tooth Position in Maxillofacial Surgery Patients.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the associations between tooth extraction, age, and tooth position from both maxillofacial surgical and orthodontic perspectives. We utilized data collected from civilian patients treated at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the hospital between March 2019 and January 2020. Data on 2098 extracted teeth were retrospectively analyzed. Impacted teeth were the most common reason for tooth extraction, while periodontitis was the only reason more frequently observed in male patients than in female patients. The peak age range for tooth extraction was 21 to 40 years, with female patients being more than twice as likely as male patients to undergo the procedure. Molars were the most frequently extracted teeth, and apart from third molars, more extractions were performed in female patients than in male patients, with the difference being <20%. The relationship between reasons for extraction and age demonstrated that impacted teeth were primarily extracted in individuals under 50 years of age, whereas periodontitis was more frequently observed in those aged 50 years or older. Over 40% of extractions due to periodontitis and residual roots and crowns involved the first and second molars. Extractions of these molars were predominantly observed in individuals aged 50 years and older, reflecting degenerative maxillofacial changes. The bimodal distribution revealed young patients needing combined orthodontic-surgical impaction management and older adults requiring periodontal rehabilitation. These findings advocate for integrated care-orthodontists ensuring proper eruption and occlusion, while surgeons address complex extractions and rehabilitation-to optimize lifelong dentofacial health.