Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics最新文献

{"title":"Exploring neutrino interactions in light of present and upcoming galaxy surveys","authors":"Sourav Pal, Rickmoy Samanta and Supratik Pal","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/047","url":null,"abstract":"In the standard cosmological framework, neutrinos begin to free-stream after the weak interaction phase ends in the early universe, at a temperature of approximately T ∼ 1 MeV. However, the onset of neutrino free-streaming can be delayed if additional interactions occur in the early universe, leaving imprints on both the cosmic microwave background (CMB) angular power spectra and the large-scale structure (LSS) matter power spectra. We present a thorough analysis of early universe neutrino interactions with a fairly generalized parameterization of the interaction rates as a power law in neutrino temperature. In this (6+2) parameter scenario, we constrain the cosmological parameters along with the free-streaming redshift and the sum of the neutrino mass in presence of such interactions, with the help of full shape (FS) galaxy power spectra from BOSS Data Release 12. Our analysis reveals that a combined dataset of FS along with CMB and BAO offers improved constraints on the free-streaming redshift from present data, comparable to the forecast results from future CMB-S4 data. Additionally, we investigate the prospects of future galaxy surveys by forecasting on Euclid mission in combination with Planck and CMB-S4, and find significant improvement on both the free-streaming redshift and the sum of the neutrino mass than the existing constraints as well as than CMB-S4 alone.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Map-based E/B separation of filtered timestreams using space-based E-mode observations","authors":"Yuyang Zhou, Adrian Lee and Yuji Chinone","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/048","url":null,"abstract":"E to B mixing or \"leakage\" due to time-ordered data (TOD) filtering has become an important source of sensitivity loss that ground-based cosmic microwave background polarization experiments must address. However, it is a difficult problem for which very few viable solutions exist. In this paper, we expand upon satellite E-mode methods to cover E/B leakage specifically due to TOD filtering. We take a satellite E-mode map and TOD filter it through the ground-based experiment data analysis pipeline, from which we construct a map-space \"leakage template\" and subtract it from the ground-based experiment map. We evaluate the residual leakage by simulating the satellite E-mode maps with Planck-like and LiteBIRD-like noise levels, and simulate the ground-based experiment with Simons Observatory-like and CMB-S4-like noise levels. The effectiveness of the method is measured in the improvement of the Fisher uncertainty σ(r = 0). We find that our method can reduce σ(r = 0) by ∼ 15–75% depending on the noise levels considered.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limits on dark matter, ultralight scalars, and cosmic neutrinos with gyroscope spin and precision clocks","authors":"Sara Rufrano Aliberti, Gaetano Lambiase and Tanmay Kumar Poddar","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/049","url":null,"abstract":"Dark matter (DM) within the solar system induces deviations in the geodetic drift of a gyroscope spin due to its gravitational interaction. Considering a constant DM density as a minimal scenario, we constrain DM overdensity within the Gravity Probe B (GP-B) orbit around the Earth and for Earth's and Neptune's orbits around the Sun. The presence of electrons in gravitating sources and test objects introduces an electrophilic scalar-mediated Yukawa potential, which can be probed from the measurement of geodetic drift as well as using terrestrial and space-based precision clocks. We derive projected DM overdensity (η) limits from Sagnac time measurements using onboard satellite clocks, highlighting their dependence on the source mass and orbital radius. The strongest sensitivity, η ∼ 4.45 × 103, is achieved at Neptune's orbit (∼ 30 AU), exceeding existing constraints. Correspondingly, the cosmic neutrino overdensity is ξ ∼ 5.34 × 1010, surpassing results from KATRIN and cosmic ray studies. The strongest sensitivity on the electrophilic scalar coupling, g ∼ 7.09 × 10-24, is achieved for a scalar mass mφ ≲ 1.32 × 10-18 eV. This result, obtained from the projected precision clock studies probing non-gravitational potentials, is competitive with the leading bounds from fifth-force searches. These precision measurements offer a robust framework for testing gravity at solar system scales and probing DM in scenarios inaccessible to direct detection experiments.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can tensor-scalar induced GWs dominate PTA observations?","authors":"Di Wu, Jing-Zhi Zhou, Yu-Ting Kuang, Zhi-Chao Li, Zhe Chang and Qing-Guo Huang","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/045","url":null,"abstract":"Observational constraints on small-scale primordial gravitational waves are considerably weaker than those on large scales. We focus on scenarios with significant primordial gravitational waves and curvature perturbations on small scales, studying the energy density spectrum of the second-order tensor-scalar induced gravitational wave (TSIGW). By leveraging current data from cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), and pulsar timing array (PTA), combined with the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) analysis of Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA), we can investigate how tensor-scalar induced gravitational waves affect observations on various scales, thus constraining the parameter space for primordial gravitational waves and curvature perturbations. The Bayes factor analysis suggests that tensor-scalar induced gravitational wave (TSIGW)+primordial gravitational wave (PGW) might be more likely to dominate current pulsar timing array (PTA) observations compared to supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB).","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-standard interactions of supernova neutrinos and mass ordering ambiguity at DUNE","authors":"Sudip Jana and Yago Porto","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/046","url":null,"abstract":"We show that non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI) can notably modify the pattern of resonant flavor conversion of neutrinos within supernovae and significantly impact the neutronization burst signal in forthcoming experiments such as the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). The presence of NSI can invert the energy levels of neutrino matter eigenstates and even induce a new resonance in the inner parts close to the proto-neutron star. We demonstrate how DUNE can use these new configurations of energy levels to have sensitivity to NSIs down to 𝒪(0.1). We also elucidate how the effect may result in a puzzling confusion of normal and inverted mass orderings by highlighting the emergence or vanishing of the neutronization peak, which distinguishes between the two mass orderings. Potential implications are analyzed thoroughly.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vector-like quark stabilised Higgs inflation: implications for particle phenomenology, primordial gravitational waves and the Hubble tension","authors":"John McDonald","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/055","url":null,"abstract":"The Standard Model (SM) Higgs potential is likely to be metastable, in which case Higgs Inflation requires an extension of the SM to sufficiently stabilise the Higgs potential. Here we consider stabilisation by adding nQ ≤ 3 Vector-Like Quarks (VLQs) of mass mQ. We consider isosinglet T vector quarks transforming under the SM gauge group as (3, 1, 2/3) and B vector quarks transforming as (3, 1, -1/3). Requiring stability of the finite temperature effective potential after instant reheating, and assuming that the t-quark mass mt equals the mean value of its experimental range, we find that the upper bounds on mQ for T quarks are 5.8 TeV (for nQ = 2) and 55 TeV (for nQ = 3). The corresponding absolute stability upper bounds are 4.4 TeV and 29 TeV. For nQ = 1 there is stability only for mt at its -2-σ value, in which case mQ ≤ 1.6 TeV for one T quark. The upper bounds are generally smaller for B vector quarks, with finite temperature stability for mQ less than 2.8 TeV (for nQ = 2), 18 TeV (for nQ = 3) and 1.0 TeV (for nQ = 1). The upper bounds on mQ are sensitive to the t-quark mass, becoming smaller as mt increases. The inflation predictions depend upon the conformal frame in which the model is renormalised. For renormalisation in the Einstein frame (Prescription I) the predictions are almost indistinguishable from the classical values: ns = 0.966 and r = 3.3 × 10-3. In this case the stability upper bounds on mQ apply. Renormalisation in the Jordan frame (Prescription II) predicts larger values of ns and r, with ns generally in the range 0.980 to 0.990 and r of the order of 0.01. The predicted range of ns is consistent with the CMB range obtained in Hubble tension solutions which modify the sound horizon at decoupling, whilst the predicted values of r will be easily observable by forthcoming CMB experiments. The observational upper bound on r generally imposes a stronger constraint on mQ in Prescription II than the requirement of stability, with the T quark upper bound equal to 2.4 TeV for nQ = 2 and 13 TeV for nQ = 3, assuming mt equals its mean value. nQ = 1 is generally ruled out by the large value of r. The mQ upper bounds rapidly decrease with decreasing r. We conclude that VLQ-stabilised Higgs Inflation with Prescription II renormalisation favours 1-10 TeV vector-like quarks that will be accessible to future colliders, and predicts a tensor-to-scalar ratio that will be observable in forthcoming CMB experiments and values of ns that favour an early-time solution to the Hubble tension.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy extraction from Loop Quantum Black Holes: the role of magnetic Penrose process and quantum gravity effects with astrophysical insights","authors":"Tursunali Xamidov, Pankaj Sheoran, Sanjar Shaymatov and Tao Zhu","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/053","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we explore the influence of quantum gravitational corrections, derived from Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG), on the efficiency of the magnetic Penrose process (MPP) in black hole (BH) environments. We begin by analyzing the rotating Loop Quantum Black Hole (LQBH) metric, describing the structure of the event horizon and ergosphere as functions of the quantum parameter ϵ = γδ, with γ representing the Immirzi parameter and δ the polymeric parameter, and the spin parameter a. These modifications provide a novel setting for exploring the dynamics of charged particles near the LQBH and evaluating the resultant energy extraction through the MPP. Interestingly, for a given value of the LQBH parameter a, we observe that the ergosphere region of the LQBH exhibits a more intricate structure compared to its classical counterpart, the Kerr BH, as ϵ increases. Furthermore, we find that the overall efficiency of the process decreases with ϵ that decreases amax, again in contrast to the Kerr BH, where efficiency rises with an increasing a. Our analysis also extends to astrophysical contexts, applying constraints on the mass and magnetic field of LQBHs for astrophysical BH candidates, including Sgr A*, M87*, NGC 1052, and BZ (Blandford and Znajek sources, i.e., supermassive BHs with masses around 109M⊙ and magnetic fields in the range 103-104G). We assess these sources as potential accelerators of high-energy protons across different values of the quantum parameter ϵ. Additionally, we examine how variations in the magnetic field strength B and quantum corrections impact the energy of protons accelerated from M87★ and Sgr A★ following beta decay. Finally, the results reveal potential observational signatures of LQG and insights into quantum gravity's role in high-energy astrophysics.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring our peculiar velocity from spectroscopic redshift surveys","authors":"Mohamed Yousry Elkhashab, Cristiano Porciani and Daniele Bertacca","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/044","url":null,"abstract":"Our peculiar velocity imprints a dipole on galaxy density maps derived from redshift surveys. The dipole gives rise to an oscillatory signal in the multipole moments of the observed power spectrum which we indicate as the finger-of-the-observer (FOTO) effect. Using a suite of large mock catalogues mimicking ongoing and future Hα- and Hi-selected surveys, we demonstrate that the oscillatory features can be measured with a signal-to-noise ratio of up to 7 (depending on the sky area coverage and provided that observational systematics are kept under control on large scales). We also show that the FOTO effect cannot be erased by correcting the individual galaxy redshifts. On the contrary, by leveraging the power of the redshift corrections, we propose a novel method to determine both the magnitude and the direction of our peculiar velocity. After applying this technique to our mock catalogues, we conclude that it can be used to either test the kinematic interpretation of the temperature dipole in the cosmic microwave background or to extract cosmological information such as the matter density parameter and the equation of state of dark energy.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The inflation trilogy and primordial black holes","authors":"Paulo B. Ferraz and João G. Rosa","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/040","url":null,"abstract":"We propose an inflation scenario with three independent stages of cold, warm and thermal inflation, respectively, driven by different scalar fields, motivated by the large number of such fields predicted in most extensions of the Standard Model. We show, in particular, that the intermediate period of warm inflation naturally leads to large density fluctuations on small scales, which can lead to primordial black hole formation in the mass window where they may account for all dark matter. This type of scenario yields a distinctive primordial black hole mass function with a mass gap, with the final period of thermal inflation diluting the abundance of very light black holes.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143665913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculating Bayesian evidence for inflationary models using connect","authors":"Camilla T.G. Sørensen, Steen Hannestad, Andreas Nygaard and Thomas Tram","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/03/043","url":null,"abstract":"Bayesian evidence is a standard tool used for comparing the ability of different models to fit available data and is used extensively in cosmology. However, since the evidence calculation involves performing an integral of the likelihood function over the entire space of model parameters this can be prohibitively expensive in terms of both CPU and time consumption. For example, in the simplest ΛCDM model and using CMB data from the Planck satellite, the dimensionality of the model space is over 30 (typically 6 cosmological parameters and 28 nuisance parameters). Even the simplest possible model requires 𝒪(106) calls to an Einstein-Boltzmann solver such as class or camb and takes several days. Here we present calculations of Bayesian evidence using the connect framework to calculate cosmological observables. We demonstrate that we can achieve results comparable to those obtained using Einstein-Boltzmann solvers, but at a minute fraction of the computational cost. As a test case, we then go on to compute Bayesian evidence ratios for a selection of slow-roll inflationary models. In the setup presented here, the total computation time is completely dominated by the likelihood function calculation which now becomes the main bottleneck for increasing computation speed.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143666015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}