Journal of Composites Science最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polypropylene-Based Nanocomposites Reinforced with Silica Nanofillers via Melt Processing Followed by Injection Molding","authors":"Mantsha Hennie Erna Seshweni, M. Makhatha, Orebotse Joseph Botlhoko, B. Obadele, Vijeesh Vijayan, Dundesh S. Chiniwar, Pawan Kumar, V. H. M.","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120520","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer nanocomposites have been of great interest to packaging, energy, molding, and transportation industries due to several favorable properties including a higher resistance to stress and cracking even under flexed conditions, and also a chemical resistance to water, acids, and alkalis. The current work disseminates the studies on the mechanical and thermal properties of the polypropylene HHR102 polymer reinforced with nano dispersoids of silicon dioxide at varied weight fractions. The nanocomposites, fabricated via melt processing followed by injection molding, were tested for tensile strength, % elongation, tensile modulus, and impact toughness. Further, the samples were also subjected to dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine the dynamic storage modulus and thermal stability. The addition of nano-silica in polypropylene HHR102 resulted in enhanced ductility and well-balanced tensile modulus; however, the tensile strength and impact toughness were found to be decreased. On the other hand, the storage modulus was significantly increased for all nano-silica (NS)-containing polypropylene HHR102 matrices. With the increased nano-silica content, the storage modulus was optimal. Further, with the lower weight loss of 30% and 50%, the thermal stability of the increased silica content PP nanocomposites was much affected. However, it improved at a weight loss of 30% for the lower silica content PP nanocomposite (PP-1%NS). The imbibition was found to increase with the increase in NS. The increase in imbibition is attributed to the micro-voids generated during ageing. These micro-voids act as channels for water absorption. Further, the degree of crystallinity of the nanocomposites was decreased as a result of inhibition by the nano-particles on the regular packing of polymer molecules. The structure–property correlations were explicated based on the achieved mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"165 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in Studies of Disentangled Polymers and Composites","authors":"Andrzej Pawlak, J. Krajenta","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120521","url":null,"abstract":"Macromolecule entanglements are common in polymers. The first part of this review describes their influence on the properties of entangled polymers. Then, methods for reducing the entanglement density of macromolecule chains are discussed. It has been shown that research on partially disentangled polymers has provided a lot of new information about the relationship between the entangled state and properties of polymers. This research concerns, among others, mechanical and thermal properties and the crystallization process. A special disentangled polymer case, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, is also discussed. The results of research on polymer composites in which macromolecules were disentangled via processing and composites were produced using already disentangled polymers are presented in particular detail. It has been indicated that such composites and blends of disentangled polymers are promising and will probably be intensively researched in the near future.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138964412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Formation and Properties of Eco-Friendly Foam Concrete Modified with Coal Dust","authors":"S. A. Stel’makh, E. Shcherban’, A. Beskopylny, L. Mailyan, B. Meskhi, A. Shilov, Alexander L. Mailyan, N. Zakieva, A. Chernil’nik, D. El'shaeva","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120519","url":null,"abstract":"Foam concrete is a popular energy-efficient construction material with a fairly wide range of usage in buildings and structures. Increasing ecological efficiency and reducing construction costs by the application of different types of industrial waste in the manufacturing technology of this composite is a promising direction. The main goal of this study is to investigate the possibility of coal dust (CD) waste inclusion in the technology of energy-efficient cellular concrete produced by foam concrete technology. Test samples of foam concrete were made using coal dust by partially replacing cement in the range of 0–10% in increments of 2%. The following primary characteristics of foam concrete were studied: fluidity of mixtures; compressive strength; density; thermal conductivity of foam concrete. An X-ray diffraction analysis of foam concrete composites was performed, which showed changes in their phase composition when using coal dust as a modifier. Coal dust in rational quantities from 2% to 6% improves the physical and mechanical characteristics of foam concrete and increases the structure uniformity. The optimal values of the foam concrete characteristics were recorded at a dosage of coal dust of 6%. At the same time, the density decreased by 2.3%, the compressive strength increased by 15.6%, and the thermal conductivity coefficient decreased by 8.9% compared to the ordinary composition. The use of the resulting foam concrete is advisable in enclosing structures to create high energy efficiency of buildings and structures due to the improved structure and properties.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"36 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138967294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Reverse-Engineering Method for Accurately Predicting Lamina Properties in Laminated Composites via Combined Static and Dynamic Finite Element Simulations","authors":"Mun-Young Hwang, Jeong Hun Park, Jongho Song, Soo Woong Hwang, Hun Hee Kang, Hyun Chul Lee","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120518","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to ascertain the material characteristics that are intrinsic to the prepreg layer within a laminated composite structure. The elastic modulus of the lamina, a primary determinant of composite structural behavior, is the focal point of this analysis. This parameter has been assessed by employing reverse-engineering techniques on a composite composed of sequentially stacked prepregs. The investigation entailed simulating the behavior of the composite under static loads and conducting modal analyses to reflect both static and dynamic conditions. The findings indicate that the elastic modulus values derived from combined tensile and modal analysis simulations exhibit superior accuracy compared to those obtained through tensile simulation alone. Specifically, the maximum prediction error for E1 (the tensile-direction elastic modulus of one lamina sheet) decreased from 1.17% to 0.28%, and that of E2 (the transverse-direction elastic modulus of one lamina sheet) decreased from 12.01% to 7.30%. Further simulations incorporating fabrication error variances underscored the critical nature of precise E2 analysis. The proposed methodology evidenced a more accurate assessment of E2, underscoring its potential to enhance the reverse-engineering process in composite material design.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Doping on Phase Formation in YBCO Composites","authors":"S. Tolendiuly, Aigerim Sovet, Sergey Fomenko","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120517","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses an effective method for obtaining superconducting composites based on Y1Ba2Cu3O7-δ (YBCO) by optimizing the total preparation time in comparison with similar scientific works while searching for effective modifying micro-additives. YBCO-based composites were doped with microparticles of aluminum, nickel, and iron. It was established that the initial ratio of green components, heat treatment, and holding time directly affect the qualitative and quantitative formation of the useful superconducting phase Y123, which in turn affects the basic superconducting properties of the final material.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"49 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive Fatigue Modelling of Open-Hole Glass-Fibre Epoxy Laminates","authors":"Victor Maneval, N. Vedvik, A. Echtermeyer","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120516","url":null,"abstract":"The failure of composite laminates under cyclic fatigue loads is complex, as multiple failure mechanisms are in play at different scales and interact with each other. Predicting the remaining fatigue life as well as the residual capacities of a composite laminate or component is crucial, particularly for safety-critical applications. A progressive fatigue model is proposed to describe the catastrophic failure of open-hole laminates under tensile cyclic fatigue. To represent both intra-laminar and inter-laminar damage, a combination of a continuum damage mechanics model (CDM) and a discrete cohesive zone model (CZM) is implemented in the finite element (FE) software Abaqus. The CDM combines fibre- and matrix-dominated S-N curves with the Palmgren–Miner accumulation rule and Hashin’s residual strength to form a fatigue failure criterion differentiating between fibre failure (FF) and matrix failure (MF). The CZM implemented in this work is the CF20 model proposed by NASA. Fatigue cycling is simulated using an external cycle-jump scheme, where the stiffness degradation is conducted between the FE simulations outside of the implicit solver [90/0] s. Glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) open-hole specimens were tested in tensile cyclic fatigue at a load ratio of 0.1. The experiments were reproduced numerically and the results compared. After calibration of a set of parameters based on one load level, the model was able to reproduce the experimental S-N curve very well, predicting a slope of −0.10, while the experimental value was −0.11. The failure sequence of the laminate was also successfully reproduced. The growth of the split from the hole, and its interaction with inter-laminar delamination, was successfully captured. The proposed approach was able to describe the fatigue failure of an open-hole laminate with a minimal set of material inputs using a simplified fatigue damage model while avoiding convergence issues.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"33 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139008351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material Characterization Required for Designing Satellites from Fiber-Reinforced Polymers","authors":"Esha, Joachim Hausmann","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120515","url":null,"abstract":"This review paper discusses the effect of polymers, especially thermoplastics, in environments with low earth orbits. Space weather in terms of low earth orbits has been characterized into seven main elements, namely microgravity, residual atmosphere, high vacuum, atomic oxygen, ultraviolet and ionization radiation, solar radiation, and space debris. Each element is discussed extensively. Its effect on polymers and composite materials has also been studied. Quantification of these effects can be evaluated by understanding the mechanisms of material degradation caused by each environmental factor along with its synergetic effect. Hence, the design elements to mitigate the material degradation can be identified. Finally, a cause-and-effect diagram (Ishikawa diagram) is designed to characterize the important design elements required to investigate while choosing a material for a satellite’s structure. This will help the designers to develop experimental methodologies to test the composite material for its suitability against the space environment. Some available testing facilities will be discussed. Some potential polymers will also be suggested for further evaluation.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139010476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Shed Light on the UV Curable Coating Technology: Current State of the Art and Perspectives","authors":"R. Patil, Jomin Thomas, Mahesh Patil, Jacob John","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120513","url":null,"abstract":"The industrial application of UV curable coatings is being widely commercialized at a rapid pace with very diversified product markets. UV curing has existed for many years now, but the new commercial opportunities emerging for sustainable, and climate friendly technologies have driven demand for photo-curable coating systems. It is primarily attributed to its environmentally friendly solvent-free and energy-efficient method. Precedented UV light curable coatings are being commercialized and numerous lamp sources are being extensively studied. In such an era of predominant research evolving the UV curing technology horizon, we attempt to outline the state of the art, opportunities, and challenges. This contribution attempts to highlight, in a comprehensive way, sustainable UV coating on the basis of recent research advancements, existing challenges and prospective scope in this field. With a set of prerequisite foundational knowledge into UV curable coatings and mechanisms, the review has meticulously looked at the recent research advancements. This review contribution attempts to focus on three aspects: the known science behind UV curing coatings, coupled with the recent advancements, and future opportunities.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Principle Study of Structural, Electronic, Optical Properties of Co-Doped ZnO","authors":"A. Soussi, Redouane Haounati, A. Ait hssi, M. Taoufiq, A. Asbayou, A. Elfanaoui, Rachid Markazi, K. Bouabid, A. Ihlal","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120511","url":null,"abstract":"In this theoretical study, the electronic, structural, and optical properties of copper-doped zinc oxide (CZO) were investigated using the full-potential linearized enhanced plane wave method (FP-LAPW) based on the density functional theory (DFT). The Tran–Blaha modified Becke–Johnson exchange potential approximation (TB-mBJ) was employed to enhance the accuracy of the electronic structure description. The introduction of copper atoms as donors in the ZnO resulted in a reduction in the material’s band gap from 2.82 eV to 2.72 eV, indicating enhanced conductivity. This reduction was attributed to the Co-3d intra-band transitions, primarily in the spin-down configuration, leading to increased optical absorption in the visible range. The Fermi level of the pure ZnO shifted towards the conduction band, indicating metal-like characteristics in the CZO. Additionally, the CZO nanowires displayed a significant blue shift in their optical properties, suggesting a change in the energy band structure. These findings not only contribute to a deeper understanding of the CZO’s fundamental properties but also open avenues for its potential applications in optoelectronic and photonic devices, where tailored electronic and optical characteristics are crucial. This study underscores the significance of computational techniques in predicting and understanding the behavior of doped semiconductors, offering valuable insights for the design and development of novel materials for advanced electronic applications.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical Oxidation of Phenol Released from Spent Coordination Polymer Impregnated with Ionic Liquid","authors":"N. Pleşu, B. Maranescu, Milica Tara-Lunga Mihali, A. Visa","doi":"10.3390/jcs7120510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs7120510","url":null,"abstract":"Coordination polymer (CP)-type adsorbents impregnated with ionic liquids that are used to remove phenol from wastewater must be regenerated. A simple washing of the adsorbent releases about 70% from the spent adsorbent. In order to increase and study the phenol release, an electrochemical method was used. For this purpose, an electrochemical commercial graphite electrode was used as the working electrode, and the electrolyte support was a 3% NaCl solution. During the electrochemical investigation, the spent CP was immersed in a saline solution. The PH content in the electrolyte affected the direct electrooxidation (EO); the formation of BQ appeared to be accelerated by a lower concentration and a slower release of PH. After 90 min, an efficiency of PH electrooxidation (EOPH) of 36.22% from Cu-PA and EOPH of 42.14% from Cu-PA-IL, respectively, was achieved. These results were significantly higher than the EOPH of the solution resulting from washing the wasted adsorbent with a saline solution (22.58%). This work highlights the potential for the simultaneous electrooxidation of desorbed PH and the recovery of spent adsorbent in this situation. The number of cycles in which the adsorbent can be used without losing its absorbance ability is three.","PeriodicalId":15435,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Composites Science","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138593877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}