Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography最新文献

{"title":"Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Noncontrast Head CT Quality on a Newer-Generation Portable Scanner.","authors":"Chintan Shah, Matthew Kiczek, Jacob R Bryan, Joshua A Cooper, Po-Hao Chen, Jennifer A Bullen, Grant Fong, Jonathan Lee","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Portable computed tomography (CT) scanners allow bedside brain imaging in critically ill patients without the risks of transport, but historically these scanners have demonstrated image quality inferior to that of fixed scanners. In this study, the quality of head CT examinations using a newer-generation portable scanner, the On.site, was compared with that of an older-generation portable scanner, the CereTom, as well as to that of fixed CT scanners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Head CT examinations performed on the On.site scanner were retrospectively compared with those conducted on the same patient within 24 hours using the CereTom scanner or fixed scanners. A similar analysis was also carried out between the CereTom and fixed scanners. Three neuroradiologists rated the images qualitatively. Quantitative assessment included signal difference to noise ratio (SdNR) and noise magnitude in the cerebrospinal fluid, bone, and pons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The On.site scanner had higher image quality scores than the CereTom scanner (P<0.001) and was 10 to 20 times less likely to produce subpar images. Mean noise in the pons was slightly higher with On.site than with CereTom (P=0.014). Fixed scanners had higher qualitative scores than the On.site scanner, but there was no significant difference between the scanners in the probability of producing subpar images. The CereTom scanner had significantly lower qualitative scores than fixed scanners, and significantly increased probability of producing subpar and nondiagnostic images (P<0.001). The SdNR was lower with the On.site scanner than with the fixed scanners (P<0.001). Noise magnitude measures were higher with On.site than with fixed scanners (P<0.001 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The On.site scanner had significantly better qualitative image quality than the CereTom scanner and had a much lower probability of producing subpar or nondiagnostic images. Although the On.site scanner had inferior qualitative and quantitative image quality compared with the fixed scanners, there was no significant difference in the probability of producing subpar or nondiagnostic images. This may indicate a decreased need to transport sick patients out of the neurological intensive care unit for imaging in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomography Combined With Real-time Ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of Peripleural Lung Nodules.","authors":"Yingzhen Chen, Jun Liu, Jingjing Ji, Yanjun Zhao","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultrasound is rarely used for lung biopsy because the ultrasound window is too narrow to capture puncture points and perform whole imaging of lesions. The present study examined the usefulness of computed tomography (CT) combined with real-time ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle biopsy for peripleural lesions in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 59 patients with peripleural lesions who had undergone CT combined with ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy and 70 patients who had undergone conventional CT-guided biopsy at the Radiology Department of Wuxi NO.2 People's Hospital between January 2017 and June 2023 were enrolled. The operation duration, machine room occupation duration, number of CT-guided scans, radiation dose absorbed from the CT scans, and puncture-related complications were compared between the 2 groups of patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The operation duration (CT: 31.21 ± 7.99 min vs. CT + ultrasound: 22.20 ± 5.14 min, P < 0.001) and room occupation duration (43.17 ± 7.94 vs. 32.78 ± 5.15 min, P < 0.001) were significantly shorter and the number of CT-guided scans (3.31 ± 0.84 vs. 2.22 ± 0.42 times, P < 0.01) and the radiation dose absorbed from the CT scans were significantly lower (3.89 ± 1.07 vs. 2.56 ± 0.64 mSv, P < 0.001) in the CT combined with ultrasound group than in the conventional CT-guided puncture group. The results were significant after adjusting for age, sex, lesion thickness, and puncture depth.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CT combined with real-time ultrasound-guided biopsy may be a useful biopsy technique for peripleural lesions in general hospitals.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Leveraging Large Language Models for Radiology Education and Training.","authors":"Shiva Singh, Aditi Chaurasia, Surbhi Raichandani, Harpreet Grewal, Ashlesha Udare, Anugayathri Jawahar","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the rapidly evolving landscape of medical education, artificial intelligence (AI) holds transformative potential. This manuscript explores the integration of large language models (LLMs) in Radiology education and training. These advanced AI tools, trained on vast data sets, excel in processing and generating human-like text, and have even demonstrated the ability to pass medical board exams. In radiology, LLMs enhance clinical education by providing interactive training environments that improve diagnostic skills and structured reporting. They also support research by streamlining literature reviews and automating data analysis, thus boosting productivity. However, their integration raises significant challenges, including the risk of over-reliance on AI, ethical concerns related to patient privacy, and potential biases in AI-generated content. This commentary from the Early Career Committee of the Society for Advanced Body Imaging (SABI) offers insights into the current applications and future possibilities of LLMs in Radiology education while being mindful of their limitations and ethical implications to optimize their use in the health care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Coronary Revascularization Prediction: Insights From Fat Attenuation Index (FAI) of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue and CT-derived Fractional Flow Reserve (CT-FFR).","authors":"Jie Dong, Jinxin Yu, Yang Zhao, Yang Fengfeng","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of the fat attenuation index (FAI) of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) and fractional flow reserve derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CT-FFR) in predicting coronary revascularization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with known or suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and subsequent invasive coronary angiography (ICA) were screened. FAI, lesion-specific CT-FFR, and distal-tip CT-FFR were analyzed by core laboratories blinded to patient management. Per-vessel and per-patient logistic univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to predict revascularization. Three multivariable logistic regression models were compared, with ROC curves generated for each model and AUCs compared. Incremental predictive value between models 2 and 3 was also measured using continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 94 patients who received CCTA followed by ICA were identified and analyzed; 282 vessels were included. Overall, 54 (57.4%) patients with 72 (25.5%) vessels underwent revascularization. Lesion-specific CT-FFR, FAI, and significant stenosis were significantly associated with revascularization in both univariable and multivariable analyses. Lesion-specific CT-FFR, FAI, and significant stenosis were independent predictors of coronary revascularization. In the per-vessel analysis, those with 2 or 3 risk factors had a markedly higher revascularization rate [50 of 69 (72.5%) vs. 22 of 213 (10.3%); P < 0.001]. In the per-patient analysis, those with 2 or 3 risk factors had a markedly higher revascularization rate [35 of 42 (83.3%) vs. 19 of 52 (36.5%); P < 0.001]. The continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI) for the addition of FAI and CT-FFR to standard CCTA analysis (model 3 over model 2) was 0.273 (95% CI, 0.166-0.379, P < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the application value of CT-FFR and FAI in predicting coronary revascularization in patients with documented ACS. CT-FFR and FAI obtained from quantitative CCTA improved the prediction of future revascularization. These parameters can potentially identify patients likely to receive revascularization upon referral for cardiac catheterization. However, the clinical use of FAI may be limited by the lack of standardization in PCAT values and the absence of a clear established cutoff for clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered White Matter Microstructure and Cerebral Spontaneous Activity in Early Neurosyphilis Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.","authors":"Wen-Ting Ma, Sheng-Juan Yao, Yu Cao, Xiao-Di Zhang, Jun-Qi Chang, Yue Cheng, Xiao-Dong Zhang","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RCT.0000000000001743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate white matter microstructure and spontaneous cerebral activity in early neurosyphilis using tract-based spatial statistics and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty patients with early neurosyphilis and 20 matched healthy controls underwent diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state blood oxygen level-dependent imaging. Neuropsychological tests were performed before each magnetic resonance imaging. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and ALFF values were compared between the 2 groups. Diffusion tensor imaging-derived metrics and ALFF values were correlated with the neuropsychiatric and laboratory indices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tract-based spatial statistics revealed decreased FA and increased MD values in early neurosyphilis, affecting regions such as the forceps minor, bilateral cingulum (hippocampus), left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, corticospinal tract, right cingulum (cingulate gyrus), and anterior thalamic radiation. Decreased FA and increased MD values were observed in nonoverlapping fibers. Moreover, reduced ALFF values were observed in the left precuneus, superior frontal cortex, and right inferior parietal cortex in early neurosyphilis. In addition, the FA, MD, and ALFF values were significantly correlated with specific clinical data and questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disrupted white matter microstructural integrity and spontaneous brain activity were observed in early neurosyphilis using advanced magnetic resonance imaging. Analysis of subtle cerebral structures and functions is potentially helpful for understanding the neural basis of neurosyphilis. Future longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Do No Harm: Introduction to Green Radiology.","authors":"Elizabeth M Hecht, Daniel J A Margolis, Natasha E Wehrli, Brooke Cascella, Justine Pogorzelski, Elefterios Trikantzopoulos, Keith D Hentel","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001698","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>In 2021, the Human Rights Council declared that having a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment is a human right. According to the WHO, 24% of deaths are attributable to environmental health risks and are largely preventable. Current predictions show that rising emissions will be linked to an enormous healthcare burden, especially for high-risk populations and historically disadvantaged communities. The US healthcare industry accounts for nearly 18% of its GDP and is a major consumer of resources. The largest healthcare-related source of greenhouse gas emissions is from the supply chain, including pharmaceuticals, other chemicals, food, and the transportation required to mobilize them accounting for 80% of emissions, with only 20% of emissions from purchased energy and the facilities directly. As a field, radiology has historically monitored its impact in terms of radiation exposure and thermal effects but has not focused on other pollutants, greenhouse gas emissions, or waste. Although tackling large issues such as climate change and pollution seems daunting, we can start by raising awareness through education, investigation, and advocacy. In this review, we discuss a systems-based approach to addressing climate change from the federal to the local level focusing on the potential role of the radiologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"169-179"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging Features Differentiating Between Cardiac Sarcomas and Hematologic Neoplasms.","authors":"Aparna Singh, Mark M Hammer","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001672","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT findings in differentiating between cardiac sarcoma and cardiac hematologic neoplasms, which are rare but potentially lethal primary cardiac malignancies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched the electronic medical record for pathology-proven cases from 2012 to 2023, finding 69 patients (46 sarcomas, 23 cardiac hematologic neoplasms). Imaging features including tumor size, atrioventricular (AV) groove involvement, right coronary artery (RCA) encasement by 180°, pericardial effusion, lymphadenopathy, and metabolic activity on fluorodeoxyglucose PET were reviewed by a radiology fellow. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cardiac sarcoma patients were younger (median age 49 years) compared to patients with cardiac hematologic malignancies (66 years, P  = 0.006). While tumor size and chamber involvement were similar between the 2 categories, hematologic malignancies exhibited a notable predilection for AV groove involvement (70% vs 43%, P  = 0.04) and RCA encasement (52% vs 26%, P  = 0.02). Pulmonary metastases were more frequent in sarcoma cases (33% vs 4%, P  = 0.006). There was no significant difference in fluorodeoxyglucose uptake. Lymphadenopathy was similar between the 2 disease groups. A decision tree constructed using AV groove involvement and patient age achieved 75% accuracy in predicting the diagnosis of the mass.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, there is a substantial overlap in imaging features of cardiac sarcomas and hematologic malignancies involving the heart. Involvement of the AV groove and RCA encasement can allow a radiologist to favor hematologic malignancy. Ultimately, biopsy is required to establish a diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"281-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate Cancer Risk Prediction Model Using Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Related Findings: Impact of Combining Lesions' Locations and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Values.","authors":"Hirotsugu Nakai, Hiroaki Takahashi, Jordan D LeGout, Akira Kawashima, Adam T Froemming, Jason R Klug, Panagiotis Korfiatis, Derek J Lomas, Mitchell R Humphreys, Chandler Dora, Naoki Takahashi","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001679","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aims of the study are to develop a prostate cancer risk prediction model that combines clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-related findings and to assess the impact of adding Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) ≥3 lesions-level findings on its diagnostic performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This 3-center retrospective study included prostate MRI examinations performed with clinical suspicion of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) between 2018 and 2022. Pathological diagnosis within 1 year after the MRI was used to diagnose csPCa. Seven clinical, 3 patient-level MRI-related, and 4 lesion-level MRI-related findings were extracted. After feature selection, 2 logistic regression models with and without lesions-level findings were created using data from facility I and II (development cohort). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) between the 2 models was compared in the PI-RADS ≥3 population in the development cohort and Facility III (validation cohort) using the Delong test. Interfacility differences of the selected predictive variables were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test or chi-squared test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Selected lesion-level features included the peripheral zone involvement and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The model with lesions-level findings had significantly higher AUC than the model without in 655 examinations in the development cohort (0.81 vs 0.79, respectively, P  = 0.005), but not in 553 examinations in the validation cohort (0.77 vs 0.76, respectively). Large interfacility differences were seen in the ADC distribution ( P  < 0.001) and csPCa proportion in PI-RADS 3-5 ( P  < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adding lesions-level findings improved the csPCa discrimination in the development but not the validation cohort. Interfacility differences impeded model generalization, including the distribution of reported ADC values and PI-RADS score-level csPCa proportion.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 2","pages":"247-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Benign, but Ominous, Pseudotumor in the Post-Sleeve Gastrectomy Hiatal Hernia: A Case Series.","authors":"Nikita Consul, Monica Cheng, Francis J Scholz","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001678","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>We have incidentally observed a finding not yet described in the literature, on both cross-sectional imaging and fluoroscopy, to correlate with increased obstructive symptoms in our post sleeve gastrectomy patients. This case series aims to show postsurgical imaging cases with the common underlying finding of a pseudotumor associated with hiatal herniae and obstructive symptoms. Because this clinical presentation may, in some cases, warrant postsurgical revision, knowledge of the imaging findings and their potential clinical significance is useful to radiologists who interpret routine cross-sectional imaging examinations as well as fluoroscopic evaluations of these post sleeve gastrectomy patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":"49 2","pages":"234-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Commentary: The Academic Mission in Radiology: Is It Still a Viable Option?","authors":"Elliot K Fishman, Linda C Chu","doi":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001714","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RCT.0000000000001714","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15402,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography","volume":" ","pages":"165-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142949468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}