Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"The role of disadvantaged childhood conditions on cognitive function and disability in late life: findings from a Swedish longitudinal study.","authors":"Enrico Ripamonti, Josephine Heap, Giulia Grande, Andrea Bellavia, Debora Rizzuto, Carin Lennartsson","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2697735","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2697735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to investigate whether disadvantaged childhood conditions are associated with decreased cognitive function or disability in late life (sensitive period hypothesis). We also assessed whether this putative association is mediated by chronic disease or chronic pain in adult life (chain of risks hypothesis).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions in the Oldest Old (<i>N</i> = 508 at baseline). Data were merged with the Swedish Level of Living Survey, and a composite score representing childhood conditions was created for each participant. We used ordinary least squares regression and generalized estimating equations to examine whether childhood conditions were cross-sectionally/longitudinally associated with decreased cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination, MMSE) or disability (ADL/iADL) in late life. Gender differences were also assessed. The role of the number of diseases or chronic pain level in adult life in the association under investigation was tested using mediation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusting for potential confounders, we found that disadvantaged childhood conditions were associated with lower MMSE scores at baseline (β = -0.14[-0.27,-0.02]), but not in terms of change over time (β = -0.01[-0.03, 0.01]), for both male and female participants. Mediation analysis indicated that the number of diseases or chronic pain level accounted for only a minimal part of the association, suggesting a limited indirect effect. No correlation was found with ADL/iADL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings indicate that disadvantaged childhood conditions are associated with decreased cognitive function, but not disability, in late life. Our results support the sensitive period hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"507-521"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The gut-brain axis in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: a systematic review of microbiota-derived biomarkers and novel therapeutic approaches.","authors":"Vinod Kumar Singh, Prerana Gupta, Sanjeev Kumar Jain, Prithpal Singh Matreja","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2673084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The altered gut microbiota substantially impacts the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), the two most widely studied neurodegenerative conditions. Microbiome-derived metabolites have been increasingly associated with disease onset, progression, and therapeutic targets in neurodegenerative disorders. Exploring the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of gut microbiome-derived biomarkers is critical to advancing our understanding and management of neurodegeneration.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>We systematically reviewed both clinical and preclinical studies published from 2010 to 2025. Studies examining gut microbiota composition, microbial-derived metabolites, or therapeutic interventions targeting the gut microbiome were included. Identification of gut microbiome alterations, discovery of microbial or metabolite-based biomarkers, association with disease onset or progression, and/or therapeutic effects on cognitive, neurological, or inflammatory outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) such as butyrate and acetate were found to be noninvasive biomarkers in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Lower SCFA levels correlated with cognitive decline. Diagnostic accuracy improved when SCFA combinations were used, with AUCs ranging from 0.75 to 0.87. Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO) levels showed inconsistent associations, with both elevated and reduced levels linked to disease risk. Therapeutic approaches targeting gut microbiota, including probiotics, prebiotics, dietary changes, and fecal microbiota transplantation, demonstrated cognitive benefits and modulation of gut-brain signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, gut-derived biomarkers offer a promising avenue for early diagnosis and novel therapeutic approaches in AD and PD, while acknowledging that evidence in other neurodegenerative diseases remains limited through modulation of the gut-brain axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"606-621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of facial emotion recognition accuracy and reaction time in patients with social anxiety disorder diagnosed with performance-only specifier.","authors":"Hasan Demirci, Efruz Pirdoğan Aydın, Murat Can Gümüş, Bekir Alp Kamazoğlu, Ömer Akil Özer","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2697724","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2697724","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To compare the facial emotion recognition (FER) accuracy and reaction time (RT) of patients with performance-type social anxiety disorder (pSAD) and generalized-type social anxiety disorder (gSAD) with healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 56 patients who were diagnosed as having SAD (31 gSAD and, 25 pSAD) according to the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) were included in the study. Forty individuals with no psychiatric disorders were included as the HCs. FER skills were assessed using a task that included Ekman's basic emotions and a neutral face. Additionally, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS) were administered to all participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FER performances of patients with pSAD were similar to the HC group. The accuracy rates for emotions other than sadness in patients with gSAD were similar to those in the HC group. The RT to all facial expressions in patients with gSAD was statistically significantly shorter than in the HCs (<i>p</i> < 0.005). The RT given to facial emotions other than sadness was shorter in the pSAD patient group compared with the HC group. A negative correlation was found between STAI-state anxiety and neutral face recognition. (<i>r</i> = -0.308, <i>p</i> < 0.05). However, except for neutral face recognition, no significant correlation was observed between the BDI, STAI-state, STAI-trait, LSAS-fear, LSAS-avoidance, and FERT subscales.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current study casts doubt on some of the effects reported in the literature on SAD's FER ability. In this study, no significant difference was found in FER ability among SAD subtypes; this may suggest that a common mechanism exists in both subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"546-560"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subtle alterations of autobiographical memory and spatiotemporal processing in subjective cognitive decline.","authors":"Matilde Conti, Alice Teghil, Maria Schettino, Fabrizia D'Antonio, Micaela Sepe Monti, Giuseppina Talarico, Giuseppe Bruno, Antonella Di Vita, Guido Alessandri, Cecilia Guariglia, Maddalena Boccia","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2637509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2637509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The deterioration of autobiographical memory (AM) and autonoetic consciousness is central in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Here, we investigated the presence of AM alterations in a potential preclinical stage of AD known as Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD), characterized by a self-reported worsening in cognitive functioning without an objective cognitive impairment. Considering the key role of spatial and temporal components in episodic features of AM, we further hypothesized that alterations in such components may be highlighted in SCD, and investigated possible modifications in these functions with tasks tapping environmental navigation and duration processing. Finally, the level of cognitive complaints was also considered a factor that may modulate performance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Performance of 31 individuals with SCD was compared with that of 31 healthy control participants matched for age, gender, and education. AM was assessed using the Autobiographical Interview and the Autobiographical Fluency Task (AFT). Environmental navigation was investigated using a battery assessing route, landmark, and survey knowledge, and landmark ordering. Temporal processing was assessed with computerized tasks investigating retrospective and prospective duration processing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SCD produced more items in the personal semantics condition of the AFT compared with healthy controls, while showing reduced performance in landmark recognition and survey knowledge. When considering cognitive complaints, which are known to play a role in modulating performances in SCD, results showed a positive association between scores on the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire and scores on the semantic condition of the AFT, and a significant negative correlation between scores on the Cognitive Failure Questionnaire and performance in retrospective duration processing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that subtle alteration of AM and spatiotemporal processing can be identified in SCD, and that the level of cognitive complaints may be a relevant factor in modulating spatiotemporal processing and autobiographical memory in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"561-581"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147365679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do fear avoidance beliefs increase persistent postconcussion symptoms? An experimental vignette study.","authors":"Gabrielle Cain, Olivia Beh, Karen A Sullivan","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2664548","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2664548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is substantial burden associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), particularly for people who experience persistent postconcussion symptoms (PPCS). Research has explored the role in PPCS of fear avoidance as a psychogenic contributing factor; however, understanding remains limited. The present study employed experimental methods to investigate the strength and direction of the relationship between fear avoidance and PPCS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 143) were randomly assigned to a fear avoidance (<i>n</i> = 74) or control group (<i>n</i> = 69). They viewed a mTBI vignette with or without statements activating fear avoidance beliefs and then reported anticipated PPCS. Participants additionally reported levels of anxiety and depression as a proxy for premorbid distress. Standardized questionnaires were used for all measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After controlling for emotional distress, participants in the fear avoidance group reported significantly higher PPCS than control participants. Although the proportion of variance explained was modest (8%), this finding provides novel experimental evidence that fear avoidance has an explanatory role in simulated PPCS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study lends empirical support to theoretical models that implicate fear avoidance beliefs in the development and maintenance of PPCS, and further consideration of these beliefs as a treatment target.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"594-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147772885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of neuropsychological profiles in preschoolers: characterization of a transdiagnostic approach to clinical neuropsychological evaluation.","authors":"Jennifer I Koop, Erin T Kaseda, Lauren E Miller, Amy K Heffelfinger","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2707995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2026.2707995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Early childhood is a known period of rapid cognitive development and vulnerability for altered developmental trajectories leading to clinical diagnoses. This study explored a transdiagnostic approach to neuropsychological evaluations in early childhood to determine concordance between theoretically based quantitatively derived cognitive and standard diagnostic classification based on clinical judgment in a clinical sample of preschool-aged children in hopes of confirming the ability to identify diagnostic cognitive profiles in early childhood.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Neuropsychological evaluation results from 467 children (<i>M</i> = 47.61 months, SD = 14.94 months) were categorized into theoretical quantitatively derived cognitive profiles based on <i>a priori</i> defined score parameters. Chi-square analyses were used to compare quantitively defined profiles with clinical diagnostic impressions. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the impact of sociodemographic and medical factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evaluation results from only 163 participants (34.9%) quantitatively mapped onto one of the <i>a priori</i> defined cognitive profiles. Quantitative cognitive profile results were consistent with clinical diagnostic impressions. Evaluation results from 304 children (65.1%) led to clinical diagnostic impressions but did not map onto a quantitative cognitive profile due to scores just outside of the <i>a priori</i> quantitative definition. No significant impact of sociodemographic or medical variables was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It is possible to evaluate and identify different cognitive profiles associated with clinical diagnoses in preschool-aged children. One-third of the sample demonstrated evaluation results consistent with strictly defined quantitative standardized score cognitive profiles. Rigid quantitatively defined profiles underestimate individual variability indicating that a transdiagnostic approach that combines quantitative analysis and clinical expertise is still necessary to support early recognition of clinical diagnoses and intervention needs. Future work is needed to better define flexible transdiagnostic cognitive models, as well as to examine shared mechanisms for intervention to promote neurodevelopment in young children.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148620183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological flexibility or inflexibility: examining the distinct roles of these transdiagnostic factors in mild traumatic brain injury recovery.","authors":"Josh W Faulkner, Molly Cairncross","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2707991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2026.2707991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Psychological flexibility (PF) and psychological inflexibility (PI) are transdiagnostic processes implicated in mental health outcomes, yet their distinct roles in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) recovery remain unclear. This study examined PF and PI in a treatment-seeking mTBI sample and tested whether these processes operate through distinct pathways linking post-concussion symptoms (PCS), functional disability, and psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 173 adults with mTBI recruited from outpatient concussion rehabilitation services in New Zealand. Participants completed measures of PCS (Rivermead Postconcussion Symptom Questionnaire), disability (WHODAS-12), psychological distress (DASS-21), PI (reactive avoidance; AAQ-ABI), and PF (Personalized Psychological Flexibility Index; PPFI). Structural equation modeling tested a parallel mediation model in which PCS and disability predicted distress indirectly via PI and PF. Three models were estimated, substituting PPFI facets (behavioral engagement, acceptance, harnessing).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the three structural equation models, overall model fit was adequate, with the behavioral engagement model demonstrating excellent fit. Higher reactive avoidance was consistently associated with greater psychological distress, and a history of a mental health conditions, across all models. Reactive avoidance mediated the relationship between PCS and distress in the behavioral engagement and harnessing models. Behavioral engagement and acceptance were each independently associated with lower psychological distress, whereas harnessing showed a small positive association with distress. These facets did not mediate the relationship between PCS and psychological distress. No serial mediation effects between reactive avoidance and PF on psychological distress were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that PF and PI represent related but distinct transdiagnostic processes shaping psychological outcomes following mTBI. Reactive avoidance emerged as a key mechanism linking PCS to psychological distress, while behavioral engagement and acceptance were independently associated with lower distress. By delineating these processes, the findings extend existing mTBI research and offer clinically relevant insights with the potential to inform transdiagnostic psychological interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership in Focus: a panel focused on Lessons Learned from Women Leaders presented by APA Division 40's Women in Neuropsychology (WIN) committee.","authors":"Erin Sullivan-Baca, Kim Gorgens, Paula Shear, Chriscelyn Tussey, Sara Weisenbach, Emma Muller, Rachael L Ellison","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2701882","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2701882","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article provides a structured summary of \"Leadership in Focus: Lessons Learned from Women Leaders,\" a conference panel organized by the American Psychological Association (APA) Division 40's Society for Clinical Neuropsychology (SCN)'s Women in Neuropsychology (WIN) committee at APA's annual conference in 2025. This panel brought together four prolific women leaders in neuropsychology and associated fields, Kim Gorgens, PhD, ABPP, Paula Shear, PhD, Chriscelyn Tussey, PsyD, ABPP, and Sara Weisenbach, PhD, ABPP, to discuss major themes related to women's leadership in neuropsychology, including: (1) a historical view of women in leadership positions, (2) systemic barriers faced by women in leadership, and (3) strategies used as a woman in leadership. Erin Sullivan-Baca, PhD, ABPP, and Rachael L. Ellison, PhD, co-moderated this panel discussion. The panel session and this resulting paper aim to disseminate the panelists' wisdom around best practices in knowledge and strategies for promoting gender equity and supporting the advancement of women in leadership within neuropsychology. Common themes across panelists and topics included celebrating and recognizing the strengths of women's unique leadership style, reflecting on personal strengths, seeking out mentorship and sponsorship, engaging in professional organizations, and not overplanning or waiting until conditions are perfect to volunteer for leadership opportunities. Panelists concluded by acknowledging continued barriers to women in leadership while also providing a vision of hope for the future of women leaders in neuropsychology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of exercise engagement and emotional functioning on cognition in former college athletes.","authors":"Logan Shurtz, Gavin D Sanders, Alison Datoc, Oscar R Kronenberger, Vishal J Thakkar, Stephen C Bunt, Nyaz Didehbani, Jeff Schaffert, Christian LoBue, C Munro Cullum","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2699847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2026.2699847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exercise is a well-established protective factor which may support healthy aging, yet questions remain regarding its direct benefit on cognition, especially in older adult populations with extensive prior athletic participation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data were drawn from 636 participants (<i>M</i>_age = 61.0, <i>SD</i> = 7.4) that completed a study of brain health in former college athletes. Participants completed self-report measures of depression (PHQ-8), anxiety (GAD-7), and cognition (CFI), in addition to an objective cognitive screening instrument (TICS-40). Weekly exercise was reported across aerobic, resistance, and wellness activities, and modeled as a latent factor. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine associations between exercise, emotional symptoms, and cognitive functioning while adjusting for age and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Latent models demonstrated good to excellent fit to the data. In separate models, greater weekly exercise engagement was significantly associated with better objective cognitive functioning (β = .12, <i>p</i> =.019), but not with subjective cognition (β = -.05, <i>p</i> =.274). Instead, depression (β = .32, <i>p</i>  < .001) and anxiety (β = .22, <i>p</i>  < .001) symptoms were stronger predictors of greater subjective cognitive difficulties than exercise engagement.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among former college athletes, exercise engagement was positively associated with objective cognitive functioning but not subjective cognition, which instead was weakly to moderately related to emotional symptom endorsement. These findings highlight the importance of considering both psychological and physical health when evaluating cognition in former athletes and suggest that ongoing exercise may support healthy cognitive aging even in those with extensive athletic histories.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verbal fluency in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Panagiotis Grigoriadis, Christos Bakirtzis, Spyros N Deftereos, Konstantinos Lallas, Dimitrios G Goulis, Athanasios Tsimpiris, Vasilis-Spyridon Tseriotis, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Lambros Messinis","doi":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2654022","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13803395.2026.2654022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment is common in people with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Verbal fluency in particular has been receiving increasing attention over the last couple of years.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This meta-analysis summarizes the existing evidence from previous studies on verbal fluency in people with multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MOOSE guidelines for meta-analyses of observational studies were followed. A systematic literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to March 2025. Sixty-nine (69) studies were included in the synthesis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>People with multiple sclerosis performed significantly worse than healthy controls in both phonemic (<i>n</i> = 50, SMD -0.82, 95% CI -0.94 to -0.71, I² 68%, <i>p</i> < 0.00001) and semantic fluency (<i>n</i> = 46, SMD -0.81, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.68, I² 80%, <i>p</i> < 0.00001). Similar results were observed in people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders for phonemic (<i>n</i> = 5; SMD -0.49, 95% CI -0.73 to -0.26, I² 27%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and semantic fluency (<i>n</i> = 7, SMD -0.57, 95% CI -0.85 to -0.29, I² 48%, <i>p</i> < 0.0001). No significant differences in performance were found between the two clinical entities for either phonemic (<i>n</i> = 5, SMD -0.01, 95% CI -0.21 to -0.19, I² 0%, <i>p</i> = 0.92) or semantic fluency (<i>n</i> = 5, SMD -0.01, 95% CI -0.39 to -0.41, I² 58%, <i>p</i> = 0.97). Analysis within the group of people with multiple sclerosis indicated poorer performance in those with the progressive forms than in those with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in both phonemic (<i>n</i> = 10, SMD -0.43, 95% CI -0.13 to -0.73, I² 81%, <i>p</i> = 0.005) and semantic fluency (<i>n</i> = 10, SMD -0.55, 95% CI -0.32 to -0.79, I² 64%, <i>p</i> < 0.00001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Verbal fluency may be a clinically relevant marker of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Routine testing may help identify patients who could benefit from targeted cognitive rehabilitation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15382,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"493-506"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147627980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}