Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Oral vs. injected: which vitamin D boost works best for low levels?","authors":"Neha Agarwal, Pallavi Lohani, Shruti Singh","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0018","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Vitamin D is essential for maintaining bone and mineral balance. This study aims to identify the most effective route for achieving optimal vitamin D levels (≥30 ng/mL) to support bone and mineral health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this open-label randomized trial, 132 participants aged 18-60 with initial serum vitamin D levels below 30 ng/mL were divided into three intervention groups: daily 800 I.U. oral tablet (Group A), weekly 60,000 I.U. oral sachet (Group B), and monthly 300,000 I.U. intramuscular injection (Group C). The study assessed changes in their serum vitamin D levels at six and 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The monthly intramuscular (IM) group consistently had the highest mean vitamin D levels at six weeks 38.38(±9.953) (p<0.002) and 12 weeks 48.15(±7.71) (p<0.001). Vitamin D insufficiency was reduced to 34.8 % at six weeks (p=0.434) and 6.8 % at 12 weeks (p=0.002). Notably, 100 % of the monthly IM group achieved vitamin D sufficiency at 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The monthly IM route demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to tablets and sachets at both the 6-week and 12-week points. A significantly larger number of monthly IM participants achieved vitamin D sufficiency compared to the other groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"295-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid profile and mortality in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism; a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Neda Roshanravan, Nikan Seyed Ghiasi, Samad Ghaffari, Saeid Ghasemnezhad Saadatlou, Sina Seifimansour, Sina Hamzezadeh, Amirreza Naseri, Amin Ghanivash, Erfan Mosharkesh, Ehsan Nasiri, Elnaz Javanshir, Erfan Banisefid","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0085","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a life-threatening disease. Considering the availability and accessibility of assessing the serum lipids, this study aims to define the predictive value of lipid profile, as well as the history of lipid disorders, for the mortality of PTE patients.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>Clinical studies, in which the relation of lipid profile, including triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and total cholesterol, as well as history of imbalance of lipids, with mortality of PTE patients was reported, were included. Non-English articles, reviews, letters, editorials, and non-English papers were excluded. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal tools and CMA 4 was utilized for the quantitative synthesis. Out of 3,724 records, six studies were included in this systematic review. Lipid profile is suggested as a prognostic marker for survival in patients with PTE so higher initial serum HDL, LDL, and total cholesterol levels were associated with lower mortality rates in PTE patients. In addition, dyslipidemia was found to be associated with mortality of PTE patients. Based on the quantitative synthesis, there was a greater serum level of HDL in the survival group (standardized mean difference: -0.98; 95 % CI: -1.22 to -0.75; p-value<0.01).</p><p><strong>Summary and outlook: </strong>Mortality is lower in PTE patients with greater serum lipid levels; therefore, the early prognosis of PTE may be ascertained by measuring serum lipids within the first 24 h of admission.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141874906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between aerobic performance and physiological responses in Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2, and the futsal-specific intermittent endurance test in trained futsal players.","authors":"Abdolhossein Parnow, Sadegh Amani-Shalamzari, Magni Mohr, Sovan Bagchi, Sulagna Dutta, Pallav Sengupta","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0039","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to delineate associations between the performance and physiological responses to the Bruce test with two field tests, the futsal intermittent endurance test (FIET) and the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level-2 (YYIR2) in elite male futsal players, in order to endorse one of field test to futsal coaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen elite futsal players (age 20 ± 3 years) have been participated in this study. Main outcome measurements included aerobic power, heart rate, blood lactate, ventilation, VO₂, VCO₂, VE-VO_2, and VE-VCO₂ indicators during FIET, YYIR2, and the Bruce test with carrying out a portable gas analyzer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Bruce test is significantly correlated with FIET and YYIR2 with respect to key outcome measures, including performance (r>0.59), aerobic power (r>0.69), heart rate (r>0.80), and blood lactate levels (r>0.60). The two field tests, FIET and YYIR2, were found to exhibit strong to perfect interrelationships. When examining the indicators such as VE, VO₂, VCO₂, VE-VO₂, and VE-VCO₂, moderate to strong correlations were identified across all three testing methods. However, the relationship between the Bruce test and YYIR2 was particularly noteworthy in terms of respiratory exchange ratio (RER) and metabolic equivalent of task (METS), showing a significant correlation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The YYIR2 and FIET appear to be valid practical field tests for measuring aerobic fitness and performance in competitive male futsal players.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol promotes liver fibrosis in high fat diet induced diabetic rats.","authors":"Veena Gopinath, Aleena Mariya Davis, Thara K Menon, Achuthan C Raghavamenon","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0042","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and alcoholism are considered to be lifestyle-associated independent risk factors in fatty liver diseases (FLD) mediated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A combined effect of both these conditions may exacerbate the pathological changes and a pre-clinical exploration of this is expected to provide a mechanical detail of the pathophysiology. The present study aims to understand the effect of alcohol on pre- diabetic and type 2 diabetic female Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this experimental study, 12 Wistar rats (180-220 g) were randomly assigned into three groups: Normal (fed normal rat chow), alcohol (20 %) fed diabetic (HFD + STZ), and pre-diabetic rats (HFD alone). After, two months of the experimental period, blood and liver tissues were collected lipid metabolic alteration, liver injury, and fibrosis were determined following biochemical and histological methods. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Dunnett's Post Hoc test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant dyslipidemia was observed in the liver tissues of diabetic and pre-diabetic rats following alcohol ingestion. A significant (p<0.05) increase in lipid peroxidation status, and hepatic marker enzyme activities (p<0.0001) were observed in diabetic animals. In corroborating with these observations, hematoxylin and eosin staining of hepatic tissue revealed the presence of sinusoidal dilation along with heavily damaged hepatocytes and inflammatory cell infiltration. Further, significantly (p<0.001) increased hepatic hydroxyproline content and extended picrosirius red stained areas of collagen in liver tissue indicated initiation of fibrosis in alcohol-fed diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the results indicate that alcohol consumption in T2DM conditions is more deleterious than pre diabetic conditions in progressing to hepatic fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"273-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The key roles of thyroid hormone in mitochondrial regulation, at interface of human health and disease.","authors":"Serena Sagliocchi, Federica Restolfer, Alessandro Cossidente, Monica Dentice","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0108","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria are highly plastic and dynamic organelles long known as the powerhouse of cellular bioenergetics, but also endowed with a critical role in stress responses and homeostasis maintenance, supporting and integrating activities across multifaced cellular processes. As a such, mitochondria dysfunctions are leading causes of a wide range of diseases and pathologies. Thyroid hormones (THs) are endocrine regulators of cellular metabolism, regulating intracellular nutrients fueling of sugars, amino acids and fatty acids. For instance, THs regulate the balance between the anabolism and catabolism of all the macro-molecules, influencing energy homeostasis during different nutritional conditions. Noteworthy, not only most of the TH-dependent metabolic modulations act via the mitochondria, but also THs have been proved to regulate the mitochondrial biosynthesis, dynamics and function. The significance of such an interplay is different in the context of specific tissues and strongly impacts on cellular homeostasis. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of THs-dependent mitochondrial functions and dynamics is required to develop more precise strategies for targeting mitochondrial function. Herein, we describe the mechanisms of TH-dependent metabolic regulation with a focus on mitochondrial action, in different tissue contexts, thus providing new insights for targeted modulation of mitochondrial dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141633580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Rho GTPase regulators in cancer: are we hitting the mark?","authors":"Shukrya H Alwan, Rayah S Baban, Hussein A Abid","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0261","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"199-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deucravacitinib: moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis preventable?","authors":"Manmeet Kaur, Saurav Misra","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0174","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2023-0174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psoriasis is a persistent, inflammatory, and autoimmune condition that is difficult to treat. Estimates of the prevalence of psoriasis in people range from 0.27 % (95 % confidence interval 0.17 to 0.36) to 11.4 %, depending on factors such as age, sex, geography, ethnicity, genetics, and environmental factors. While systemic treatments are typically required for patients with moderate-to-severe instances of psoriasis, topical therapies are frequently effective for treating minor forms. In fact, phototherapy is frequently constrained by logistical considerations, and conventional systemic therapies are frequently avoided due to contraindications or the danger of adverse outcomes. In order to better serve the patient and achieve a greater level of quality of life, especially in order to sustain long-term efficacy, there is still a need for innovative therapies, which are always welcomed. Deucravacitinib is a first-in-class oral tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) inhibitor that is extremely selective. Through an allosteric mechanism, it stabilises an inhibitory connection between the regulatory and catalytic domains of TYK2's pseudokinase regulatory domain, which is catalytically inactive. This can be used to treat a variety of immune-mediated conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, lupus, psoriatic arthritis, and psoriasis. US-FDA has approved this drug on 9 September 2022 for the treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy. This article aims to review the current knowledge on the efficacy and safety of deucravacitinib for the management of psoriasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"225-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141558861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term functional outcomes and predictors of efficacy in thulium laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuLEP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): a retrospective observational study.","authors":"Lorenzo Spirito, Massimo Capra, Carmine Sciorio, Lorenzo Romano, Michele Morelli, Adelio Valtorta, Davide Arcaniolo, Benito Fabio Mirto, Celeste Manfredi, Enrico Sicignano, Federico Capone, Gaetano Giampaglia, Salvatore Iaconis, Luigi Napolitano, Fabio Machiella, Carmelo Quattrone, Vittorio Imperatore, Felice Crocetto","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0036","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common urological condition affecting aging men worldwide. Among the treatment options available for BPH, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the gold-standard invasive intervention. To reduce the TURP-related non-negligible morbidity, loss-of-ejaculation rate, hospitalization, blood loss and catheterization time several laser techniques have been developed, such as the Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate (ThuLEP). To investigate the efficacy outcomes of the ThuLEP as a treatment option for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) we performed a retrospective observational study at Moriggia Pelascini Hospital (Como, Italy) between January 2015 and September 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 265 patients who underwent ThuLEP at a specific hospital between defined dates. Data on various parameters, including post-void residue volume, peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) for urinary symptoms, IPSS Quality of Life (QoL) score, and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) score for erectile dysfunction, were collected at baseline and follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed significant improvements in voiding efficiency, urinary flow, urinary symptoms, quality of life, and erectile function following ThuLEP. Furthermore, certain baseline characteristics, such as post-void residue, peak urinary flow rate, age, prostate volume, and aspirin usage, were found to influence treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the study's limitations, these findings contribute to understanding ThuLEP's effectiveness in managing BPH and can aid in making informed clinical decisions for patient care. Prospective studies with longer follow-up periods are recommended to validate and extend these results.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"169-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141446271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IcoSema: unveiling the future of diabetes management from a clinical pharmacology perspective.","authors":"Rajmohan Seetharaman, Rhea Monteiro, Jay Maradia, Raakhi Tripathi","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0058","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IcoSema, a groundbreaking approach to diabetes management, combines insulin icodec and semaglutide to offer a transformative treatment option. Insulin icodec delivers consistent glucose-lowering effects with once-weekly dosing, while semaglutide, a GLP-1 agonist, stimulates insulin secretion and aids in weight loss. This comprehensive article evaluates the potential of IcoSema from a clinical pharmacology perspective, examining the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, safety, compliance and cost-effectiveness of its individual components, as well as considering comparable combination therapies like iGlarLixi and IDegLira. By analysing these crucial factors, the article aims to determine the potential of IcoSema in the field of diabetes management. The combination of insulin icodec and semaglutide has the potential to provide improved glycaemic control, weight management, and simplified treatment regimens, addressing common challenges faced in diabetes management. Safety, compliance and cost considerations are important aspects of evaluating this combination therapy. Ongoing trials investigating IcoSema are expected to provide valuable insights into its efficacy, safety and comparative effectiveness. By addressing concerns such as potential side effects, individual patient response and drug interactions, healthcare providers can optimize treatment outcomes and enhance the management of type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"213-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141296191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay between male gonadal function and overall male health.","authors":"Vincenzo Asero, Carlo Maria Scornajenghi, Salvatore Iaconis, Enrico Sicignano, Alfonso Falcone, Fabrizio Dinacci, Giovanni Pagano, Dalila Carino, Roberta Corvino, Anas Tresh","doi":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0054","DOIUrl":"10.1515/jbcpp-2024-0054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The process-of-male reproduction is intricate, and various medical conditions-have the potential to disrupt spermatogenesis. Moreover, infertility in males can serve as an indicator of-potential future health issue. Numerous conditions with systemic implications have been identified, encompassing genetic factors (such as Klinefelter Syndrome), obesity, psychological stress, environmental factors, and others. Consequently, infertility assessment-presents an opportunity for comprehensive health counseling, extending-beyond discussions about reproductive goals. Furthermore, male infertility has been suggested as a harbinger of future health problems, as poor semen quality and a diagnosis of-male infertility are associated with an increased risk of hypogonadism, cardiometabolic disorders, cancer, and even mortality. This review explores the existing-literature on the relationship between systemic illnesses and male fertility, impacting both clinical-outcomes and semen parameters. The majority of the literature analyzed, which compared gonadal function with genetic, chronic, infectious or tumoral diseases, confirm the association between overall male health and infertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":15352,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":"105-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141236800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}