Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"Self-Expanding Cardiovascular Stents: Potentials and Challenges of Shape Memory Biomaterials","authors":"Luci R. Duncan,&nbsp;Josiah S. Owusu-Danquah","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70114","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cardiovascular diseases affect a large portion of the global population and remain leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Endovascular stenting, a minimally invasive procedure, enables the insertion and deployment of stents to restore arterial patency without open surgery. While balloon-expandable stents are widely used in clinical practice, shape memory biomaterials offer an alternative through self-expansion driven by their unique properties. Shape memory materials, available as alloys or polymers, rely on temperature-induced transformations (shape memory effect) or mechanically induced transformations (superelasticity) to expand, reducing the risk of excessive pressure during balloon inflation. This review examines the mechanical properties that underpin the unique behavior of shape memory materials, their role in self-expanding cardiovascular stents, and future directions for endovascular applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.70114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148277536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apatite Nuclei Treatment of Three-Dimensional Printed Porous Carbon-Reinforced Polyetheretherketone: A Case Study of Rat Femoral Segmental Defect","authors":"Masaki Sakamoto,&nbsp;Takayoshi Shimizu,&nbsp;Takeshi Yabutsuka,&nbsp;Soichiro Naka,&nbsp;Kurumi Yoshinaga,&nbsp;Bungo Otsuki,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Kawai,&nbsp;Yaichiro Okuzu,&nbsp;Yusuke Takaoka,&nbsp;Shuichi Matsuda","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70116","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a promising orthopedic implant material with an elastic modulus similar to that of human bone, offering potential advantages over titanium implants. However, PEEK is inherently biologically inert and hydrophobic, limiting its bone-bonding capacity. This study investigated the efficacy of apatite nuclei (AN) treatment in enhancing the bioactivity of 3D-printed porous carbon-reinforced PEEK (CR-PEEK) implants. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed uniform AN treatment penetration throughout the porous structure, with a calcium peak detected both on the surfaces and in the interior regions. Forty-eight male Sprague–Dawley rats, divided into four groups, received segmental femoral defect implants based on structure (porous vs. dense) and AN treatment (with vs. without); the AN treatment effects were evaluated within each structural type. At 8 weeks, Micro computed tomography analysis demonstrated a significant enhancement in bone formation in AN-treated groups for both porous (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and dense (<i>p</i> = 0.004) implants. Histological evaluation revealed that AN treatment promoted bone ingrowth from 4.50% to 25.10% in porous implants (<i>p</i> = 0.006) and improved bone-implant contact from 2.94% to 9.33% in dense implants (<i>p</i> = 0.008). These findings demonstrate that AN treatment enhances osseointegration in CR-PEEK implants regardless of implant structure, and confirm for the first time that AN treatment effectively penetrates complex 3D porous geometries. The combination of 3D-printed porous architecture and AN treatment offers a technically feasible strategy for developing bioactive CR-PEEK implants, with the increased surface area of porous structures potentially augmenting the effects of AN treatment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148251746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Porous Carbonate Apatite Scaffolds Fabricated via Freeze-Drying for Accelerated Bone Replacement","authors":"Ahmad Nazir Taleb Alashkar,&nbsp;Koichiro Hayashi,&nbsp;Kunio Ishikawa","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bone scaffolds should ideally possess good osteoconductivity and biodegradability, form abundant bone at an early stage, maintain the regenerated bone tissue, and be completely replaced by newly formed bone. Therefore, highly porous scaffolds composed of resorbable bioactive ceramics are promising candidates for bone repair. However, the methods for fabricating such scaffolds remain underdeveloped, and the in vivo efficacies of the generated structures have not been sufficiently evaluated. Therefore, the aims of this study were to develop a novel method for fabricating a highly porous carbonate apatite (CA) scaffold via a freeze-drying technique and to evaluate its structural, chemical, mechanical, and in vivo performance using a rabbit model of femoral condyle defect. The CA scaffold structure consisted of three-dimensionally interconnected pores, exhibiting high porosity (91.7%). Despite its high porosity, the scaffold did not collapse during implantation into the bone defect and was easy to handle. When implanted into critically sized bone defects, the CA scaffolds formed three times more new bone than that formed by clinically used CA granules after 4 weeks, with the bone area percentages in the CA scaffold, CA granule, and sham groups being 51.7% ± 8.1%, 14.0% ± 4.9%, and 1.2% ± 0.4%, respectively. After 12 weeks, the CA scaffolds maintained approximately three times the bone area of that formed by the CA granules and were almost completely replaced by newly formed bone. These findings indicate that the highly interconnected porous CA scaffold can achieve rapid bone regeneration and dynamically adjust its structure to accommodate newly formed bone, making it a promising candidate for bone regeneration applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148237989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Biopolymeric-Based Orally Dissolving Mucoadhesive Hydrogels Loaded With Rosuvastatin for the Effective Treatment of Aphthous Ulcer","authors":"Ishika Dey,&nbsp;Koushik Ghosh,&nbsp;Ahana Hazra,&nbsp;Debashis Maitra,&nbsp;Sourav Mondal,&nbsp;Pratibha Bhowmick,&nbsp;Mithun Bhowmick","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a sustained-release mucoadhesive hydrogel loaded with Rosuvastatin (RSV) to enhance the treatment of aphthous ulcers. By leveraging the pleiotropic anti-inflammatory and tissue-repair properties of RSV, the study aimed to overcome the rapid clearance and low efficacy associated with conventional oral gels and mouthwashes. Mucoadhesive hydrogels were formulated using Carbopol 934 and sodium alginate via a freeze–thaw crosslinking technique. Four formulations (F1–F4) were prepared and evaluated for morphology, swelling behavior, viscosity, mucoadhesive strength, drug entrapment efficiency, pH, in vitro drug release, antimicrobial activity, cytocompatibility, and <i>in vivo</i> therapeutic efficacy. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (ATCC 10231) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MTCC 2940), while cytocompatibility was determined using an MTT assay on fibroblast cells. The formulated mucoadhesive hydrogel showed good swelling behavior, thermal stability, and controllable biodegradability. The four formulations (F1, F2, F3, and F4) exhibited significant entrapment efficiency (72.14% ± 1.5% to 95.12% ± 0.28%), and the pH was 6.7. The optimized formulation (F3) demonstrated sustained RSV release of 96.8% ± 1.4% over 8 h. We found that F3 may inhibit the growth of both <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> (ATCC 10231<i>)</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MTCC 2940) (MRSA), which are common aphthous ulcer infectious bacteria. Cytocompatibility studies confirmed that F3 supported fibroblast viability and enhanced cell proliferation. In vivo evaluation further demonstrated improved healing of oral ulcers, supported by histopathological findings indicating enhanced tissue regeneration and reduced inflammation. The RSV-loaded mucoadhesive hydrogel (F3) exhibited high drug entrapment, sustained release, effective antimicrobial activity, and excellent biocompatibility, leading to significant therapeutic efficacy in an animal model. These findings suggest that the developed hydrogel is a promising and safe alternative for the treatment of aphthous ulcers, warranting further clinical investigation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion Damage in Retrieved CoCrMo/Ti-6Al-4V Modular Junctions in Femoral Revision Total Knee Components","authors":"Hwaran Lee,&nbsp;Michael A. Kurtz,&nbsp;Emma Barnes,&nbsp;Gregg R. Klein,&nbsp;Steven M. Kurtz,&nbsp;Jeremy L. Gilbert","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70110","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Modularity in revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is prevalent; however, corrosion mechanisms at modular junctions in these devices are not well investigated compared to total hip arthroplasty (THA). This retrieval study analyzed corrosion damage on modular junctions of cobalt chromium molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy femoral components with a boss and titanium aluminum vanadium (Ti-6Al-4V) stem components. It is hypothesized that similar corrosion modes would be found in TKA as in THA, including mechanically assisted and non-mechanically driven corrosion. The collected implants were examined using the Goldberg corrosion score, digital optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Corrosion modes were analyzed, including etching, pitting, intergranular (interphase) corrosion adjacent to carbides, and fretting scars with titanium transfer on CoCrMo. Ti-6Al-4V exhibited plastic deformation, mechanically assisted crevice corrosion (MACC), and titanium-chromium-molybdenum-rich oxides. These findings suggest that TKA junctions may experience corrosion processes similar to THA, warranting further clinical investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.70110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148211351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controversies Surrounding Critical-Size Defects: Influence of Age and Biological Characteristics","authors":"Andrew Nordlund,&nbsp;Hana Shah,&nbsp;Nicholas A. Mirsky,&nbsp;Kashyap K. Tadisina,&nbsp;Arturo J. Rios-Diaz,&nbsp;Vasudev Vivekanand Nayak,&nbsp;Estevam A. Bonfante,&nbsp;Paulo G. Coelho","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Critical-size defects (CSDs) in craniofacial reconstruction refer to osseous gaps that fail to heal spontaneously, increasing the risk of neurological impairment and craniofacial dysmorphology. Despite decades of investigation, controversy still exists surrounding the definition of CSDs, with criteria varying across species, experimental models, and patient populations. This review integrates past and contemporary perspectives, while examining how age, dura mater biology, and stem cell dynamics influence regenerative potential. For instance, pediatric patients demonstrate increased healing capacity due to their metabolically active dura and enriched stem cell niches, while aging patients face diminished osteogenesis due to chronic age-related inflammation (inflammaging) and stem cell senescence. Meanwhile, experimental models highlight that defect size, embryonic bone origin, and proximity to cranial sutures affect healing, thus highlighting the need for standardized, age-specific definitions of CSDs. Advances in biomaterials, like bioceramic composites and dura-integrative hydrogels, show promise in advancing osteogenesis and vascularization across age groups. Additionally, dura-targeted regenerative strategies that leverage dural signaling represent a novel and promising solution to cranial repair. However, the transition from translational to clinical practice remains limited due to the lack of standardization in the literature and scarce long-term clinical data. In this review, CSD re-classification is proposed through an age-stratified framework that integrates biological, structural, and clinical variables. Standardizing models will help isolate determinants of calvarial healing and refine treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.70107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrosion-Driven Degradation of Mg WE43 Plates for Mandibular Fracture Fixation: An In-Silico Study","authors":"Reza Izadi,&nbsp;Mohadese Rajaeirad,&nbsp;Sandipan Roy","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biodegradable Mg WE43 alloys offer bone-matched stiffness and osteogenic degradation products for mandibular fracture fixation but undergo unpredictable uniform and pitting corrosion that may compromise early stability. Integrating corrosion kinetics into finite element analysis (FEA) could inform implant design and degradation scheduling. To evaluate mechanical stability and degradation of a Mg WE43 mini-plate for mandibular fractures via finite element analysis (FEA), incorporating uniform corrosion and Weibull-distributed pitting corrosion to model stochastic defect formation and growth. A subject-specific mandibular model with a 1 mm angle fracture gap was reconstructed from CT images and combined with detailed SolidWorks designs of a 1 mm-thick WE43 mini-plate and screws. The assembly was discretized with linear tetrahedral elements in ABAQUS/Explicit. A custom VUMAT subroutine implemented continuum damage mechanics–based uniform corrosion and Weibull-distributed pitting corrosion. Boundary conditions fixed the temporal region and applied 150–600 N anterior loads. Validation against experimental mass loss and stress–strain data assessed model accuracy. Over 24 days, simulated corrosion decreased plate stiffness by &gt; 60%, aligning with typical cortical bridging at ~35% residual stiffness. Ultimate tensile strength dropped from 279 to 123 MPa (56% loss) and strain at failure halved. von Mises stress redistribution shifted peak stresses toward corroded fillets, increasing by &gt; 40% under 600 N by day 24. Simulated mass-loss trajectories and stress–strain curves closely matched published experimental benchmarks. The CDM-based FEA framework reliably predicts the time-dependent mechanical degradation of WE43 Mg fixation plates, allowing for the synchronization of implant weakening with bone healing. This predictive tool enables researchers and manufacturers to enhance the implant geometry and corrosion profiles for better safety and effectiveness of biodegradable maxillofacial fixation devices.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Theranostics of Protein Misfolding Diseases: A Systematic Review","authors":"Huraira Tariq,&nbsp;Shahrukh Khan,&nbsp;Hadiqa Shahid,&nbsp;Tehreem Sohail,&nbsp;Aneeqa Noor","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Protein misfolding disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, islet amyloidosis, and several other diseases (amyloidosis) are characterized by the pathological accumulation of misfolded proteins that aggregate into toxic oligomers and fibrils. These misfolded proteins trigger oxidative stress, disrupt cellular homeostasis, and ultimately lead to tissue dysfunction. Overcoming the limitations of conventional strategies, multifunctional nanoparticles have emerged as a promising solution for simultaneously detecting, monitoring, and modulating pathogenic protein aggregates, offering a synergistic approach to addressing the multifaceted challenges of protein misfolding diseases. This systematic review examined 85 relevant studies published between 2010 and 2025, identified through PubMed searches. Only experimental studies reporting multifunctional or dual-functional nanoparticles for the theranostics of protein misfolding disorders were included. Data were narratively synthesized according to nanoparticle type, biomedical function, and therapeutic or diagnostic outcomes. The main findings suggest that multifunctional nanoparticles, including metallic, lipid, polymeric, carbon, silica, and hydrogel nanoparticles, can enable real-time monitoring, enhance imaging resolution, improve delivery of anti-amyloidogenic drugs, and mitigate oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation. Some strategies demonstrate potential to cross the blood–brain barrier, selectively bind amyloid aggregates, and provide synergistic theranostic effects. Among these, magnetic nanoparticles are superior because they possess intrinsic diagnostic capabilities and can be used for therapy simultaneously, eliminating the need for additional diagnostic agents. Their multifunctional nature offers several advantages for precision nano-theranostics in managing amyloidosis, though further translational studies are essential to establish scalability, safety, and long-term clinical applicability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resorption Pattern and Bone Regeneration Using a Synthetic Bone Substitute Block With or Without rhBMP-2 and Bisphosphonates: An in Vivo Experiment","authors":"Seung Ha Yoo,&nbsp;Young Woo Song,&nbsp;Seung-Hyun Park,&nbsp;Jae-Hong Lim,&nbsp;Ronald Jung,&nbsp;Daniel Thoma,&nbsp;Ui-Won Jung","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jbm.b.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate whether recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) or bisphosphonate added to synthetic block bone substitute influences new bone formation and grafting material degradation patterns. In a rabbit calvarial model, four critical-size bone defects were created and treated with a saline-soaked synthetic bone block (SBB group), bisphosphonate-soaked synthetic bone block (BPS group), rhBMP-2-soaked synthetic bone block (BMP group), or left untreated as control (control group). At 8 weeks, synchrotron-based micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological analyses were performed. All outcomes were evaluated separately in intrabony areas, embedded within the native bone, and extrabony areas, extending beyond the bone surface. Synchrotron-based micro-CT analysis revealed limited resorption of the synthetic bone block across all groups, as the mean percentages of synthetic bone block resorption of the SBB group, BPS group, and BMP group were 8.56%, 11.13%, and 9.11%, respectively, with no significant differences. The cylindric morphology of the grafts was preserved even in the exophytic extrabony portion. Histological evaluation showed that BMP significantly enhanced new bone formation, particularly in the intrabony area (2.65 mm² for SBB group, 1.37 mm² for BPS group, and 4.41 mm² for BMP group in mean). Despite these differences in osteogenic activity, neither bisphosphonate nor rhBMP-2 markedly increased graft resorption, as residual bone graft material was well preserved. Synthetic bone blocks could provide volume stability in both intrabony and extrabony regions, regardless of the addition of bioactive mediators. RhBMP-2 enhanced bone regeneration, though.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.70109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148163288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone Healing Response of Two Different Silicate-Containing Calcium Phosphate Synthetic Bone Grafts in a Rabbit Femoral Critical-Sized Defect Model","authors":"Iain R. Gibson,&nbsp;Jordan C. Conway,&nbsp;Viviana R. Lopes,&nbsp;Rema Oliver,&nbsp;Tian Wang,&nbsp;Dan Wills,&nbsp;Tom Buckland,&nbsp;William R. Walsh","doi":"10.1002/jbm.b.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Synthetic materials based on calcium phosphates (CaP) are frequently used as bone graft substitutes when natural bone grafts are not available or not suitable. One approach used to enhance their performance is the incorporation of ions such as silicate ions, which are known to support osteointegration by stimulating bone formation. The present study aimed to evaluate the bone healing response of two different synthetic silicate-containing CaP bone graft materials, one with a nanoscale primary structure (OssDsign Catalyst) and the other with a micron-sized primary structure (Actifuse ABX) using an established distal femur rabbit model. The two bone graft materials were implanted into critical-sized bone defects created in the femoral condyles of rabbits for implantation times of 4, 8, 12, and 26 weeks. Bone formation was assessed by radiographs and microcomputed tomography (μCT) imaging, complemented by histology and histomorphometry. Additionally, both materials were characterized regarding their calcium ion release and protein adsorption in vitro. Both materials formed new woven bone after 4 weeks, found on both the surfaces of, and in the spaces between, granules. However, the amount of bone formed with OssDsign Catalyst plateaued at approximately 30% at 4 weeks, whereas this occurred after 8 weeks for the Actifuse ABX. After 4, 8, 12 and 26 weeks, the graft material remaining decreased by 32%, 43%, 49% an 60%, respectively for OssDsign Catalyst, whereas for the Actifuse ABX the decrease was 15%, 35%, 39%, and 26%. Furthermore, the amount of calcium ions released into saline solution and the quantity of protein adsorbed in vitro were significantly higher in granules of OssDsign Catalyst than in granules of Actifuse ABX. In this preclinical study, a nanoscale silicate-containing CaP bone graft (OssDsign Catalyst) showed a continuous progression of graft remodeling throughout the 4-to-26-week time course coupled with new bone formation. In contrast, a micron-scale silicate-containing calcium phosphate (Actifuse ABX) remained almost unchanged from 4 through to 26 weeks, exhibiting minimal graft remodeling. Differences in material properties of synthetic bone grafts influence the healing response in critical-sized defects, including the ability of the graft to be remodeled in a sustained manner while not compromising bone repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":15269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials","volume":"114 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jbm.b.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}