Journal of Biology and Life Science最新文献

{"title":"Biometric Characteristics and Condition Index of the Mangrove Oyster Crassostrea tulipa Lamarck, 1819 in the Interface Ecosystems of the Saloum Delta in Senegal: Case of the Commune of Dionewar","authors":"I. Thiao, J. Fall, É. Tamigneaux, Jeanne Elisabeth Diouf, Abdou Karim Houménou, M. Diouf","doi":"10.5296/jbls.v14i2.20932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v14i2.20932","url":null,"abstract":"The mangrove oyster Crassostrea tulipa (syn. Crassostrea gasar) has been subjected to strong anthropic pressure. As in several West African countries, Senegal in particular in the Saloum delta, the oyster resource was severely strained. This situation had led to disturbances in the renewal of stocks and their productivity. The objective of this study was to determine the size frequency distribution, the size-weight relationship and the condition index in order to provide scientific arguments for sustainable management of C. tulipa. Monthly sampling from January 2021 to January 2022 at the Akat, Baobab Rasta, Falia 1, Falia 2 and Fandiongue stations revealed that the individual sizes of the oysters collected ranged from 0.63 mm to 93.19 mm, with an average height of 34.63 ± 16.12 mm. The size frequency distribution is unimodal with a modal class of 30 - 40 mm and the allometry coefficient is minorizing (2.57). The correlation coefficient is 0.86. However, from one site to another the differences are not significant. The monthly monitoring of the oyster condition index showed several variations in values throughout the year, with an overall average of 11.47±2.89% for the 5 stations. The maximum value (12.97±2.60) was observed in March while the minimum value (9.85±2.22) was recorded in November. This study suggests that C. tulipa is overexploited in the commune of Dionewar and that the best time to collect the oyster is around March.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90696077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Determinates of Hesitancy of Taking Covid-19 Vaccine in Jordan","authors":"Ayat Qablan, Almutazballlah Qablan, Mohammad Gablan, Alaa' Amer, Besan Muzher, Nour Zietoon, Rama Alhawari, Rmooz Hawamdeh, Taima'a Alamrat, Taqwa Awwad, Tasneem Alhmoud, Wa'ed Bataineh, Abdalah Gablan","doi":"10.5296/jbls.v14i2.20847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5296/jbls.v14i2.20847","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to identify the determinants that led to the hesitancy of taking the corona vaccine. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a questionnaire was distributed to residents in Irbid city. The study sample amounted to (519) residents selected according to a simple random sampling technique. The crosstab analysis and one sample T. test and regression analysis were used in order to test hypotheses of the study. The study reached many results, most notably: There is a statistically significant relationship between the hesitancy of taking the Corona vaccine and both ages, marital status, infection with the virus, taking the vaccine, and sources of information about the Corona virus. The combined determinants (beliefs and fears) explained (28.4%) of the hesitation in taking the Corona vaccine, and the remaining percentage that was not explained in this model is attributed to other independent variables that were not addressed in this study. The study recommended community members not to rely on social media sources as a source for obtaining information related to COVID-19 vaccine, especially as it is tainted by many rumours and errors.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85437185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Trip Down Memory Lane: Exploring the Use of a Learning Tool in Undergraduate Medical Education","authors":"R. Kamran, Shazia Tufail, Arub Ahmed, Saria Khalid, Aqsa Shafique, J. Khan","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.281","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To explore reflection as a learning tool in undergraduate medical education.Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted among MBBS and BDS undergraduate students of CMH Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan from 1st January 2022 to 30th June 2022.Materials and Methods: In this online cross-sectional survey, the Reflective practices questionnaire (RPQ) was administered to 290 medical (fourth and final year) and dental (third and final year) undergraduates. Data were analyzed through SPSS 24.Results: Out of 290 participants, the majority were female (179, 61.7%). Most of the participants were from MBBS (188, 64.8%). The overall mean score of the questionnaire was 73.493 ± 17.407 (95% CI: 16.286 ± 18.439) out of a total score of 96. The highest score of critical appraisal was 18.790 ± 4.248 (95% CI: 4.064 ± 4.608). There was no difference of the mean score of different domains based on gender, specialty or year of education.Conclusion: The undergraduate medical and dental students demonstrated good reflective practices. However, there is a need to improve critical thinking and appraisal among students to achieve better outcomes.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78334723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Mean Hemodynamic Change with Different Doses of Intravenous Dexmedetomidine on Endotracheal Intubation","authors":"Tasneem Alam, Sanum Kashif, Khalid Mehmood, Umair ., A. Hussain","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.334","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare mean change in heart rate and arterial pressure in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation receiving 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine versus 1.00 µg/kg dexmedetomidine.Study Design: Randomized control trial.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in main Operation Theatre of Combined Military Hospital Sialkot, Pakistan from 3rd February 2022 to 30th November 2022.Material and Methods:  A total of 60 patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anesthesia using endotracheal intubation, aged 20 – 60 years of either gender were included. The included patients were divided into two groups using draw randomization. Randomization was done using lottery method. Group I patients received 0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion and group II patients received 1.0 µg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion over 10 mins through a controlled infusion device. After endotracheal intubation, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and mean heart rate (HR) were noted after 3 minutes of intubation. Non-probability convenience sampling was used for date collection and SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.Result: Out of 60 patients, 26 (43.33%) were males and 34 (56.67%) were females with male to female ratio of 1:1.3, the average age was 42.19 ± 9.87 years and BMI was found 28.88 ± 2.48 kg/m2. In group I (0.5 µg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion), the mean HR and MAP before intubation was 108.43 ± 6.26 bpm, 112.20 ± 8.88 mmHg and after 3 minutes of intubation was 76.20 ± 4.16 bpm, 88.20 ± 3.93 respectively while in group II (1.0 µg/kg dexmedetomidine infusion), the mean HR and MAP before intubation 102.10 ± 10.20 bpm, 109.07 ± 8.35 mmHg and after 3 minutes of intubation was 85.97 ± 3.26 bpm, 97.90 ± 5.74 mmHg respectively.Conclusion: Higher dose of dexmedetomidine (1.0 ug/kg) significantly attenuates hemodynamic response on endotracheal intubation as compare to lower dose (0.5 µg/kg).","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82324642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Positive Exercise Tolerance Test","authors":"Muhammad Ramzan, Muhammad Shahid, Muhammad Zohaib Zahoor, Amir Shahzad, Abdul Razzaq, Kashif Ali Hashmi","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.319","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the potential risk factors in patients aged under 40 years with a positive Exercise Tolerance Test (ETT).Study Design: Prospective study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Cardiology Choudhary Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology (CPEIC), Multan, Pakistan, from 1st January 2021 to 1st March 2022.Materials and Methods: The study included 285 patients with positive ETT, selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Patients were grouped into two age brackets: 20-30 and 31-40.  Patients were advised to stop taking nitrates, calcium channel blockers and beta blockers a day before the test.  The patients were investigated for potential risk factors that caused the positivity of EET.Results: The study was conducted on 285 patients.  The age of the participants was 30.12±5.64 years. There were 185 (64.9%) males and 100 (35.1%) females. The BMI was .32±1.38 kg/m2. Obesity was recorded in 38 (13.3%) patients, 85 (29.8%) had a family history, 63 (22.1%) had dyslipidemia, hypertension in 58 (20.4%), 32 (11.2%) had a smoking history, and 56 (19.6%) had diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Mellitus (p=0.00) and dyslipidemia (p=0.004) were found to be the most significant risk factors in patients aged between 31-40 years with positive EET.Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia are the most significant causes of positive EET in patients aged between 31-40 years.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"33 9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79869796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Femoral Vein Diameter a Reliable Marker of Central Venous Pressure?","authors":"Maryam Begum, A. Arshad, Altaf Hussain, Attika Khalid","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.272","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the correlation of femoral vein diameter with central venous pressure.Study Design:  Cross-sectional analytical study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Peshawar, Pakistan from March 2021 to July 2021.Materials and Methods: This study was done on patients aged ≥18 years who were admitted to the intensive care unit and had a central venous line passed. Patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis, conditions associated with raised intra-abdominal pressure like pregnancy or recent laparotomy and those unable to lie supine were excluded. Central venous pressure was measured by a manual manometer. Femoral vein diameter was also measured in horizontal and vertical dimensions at the bedside and the mean was calculated.   Results: There were 150 patients, including 109 (72.7%) males and 41 (27.3%) females, with a mean age of 36.53 ± 13.83 years. Mechanical ventilation was given to 17 (11.33%) patients. The mean central venous pressure and femoral vein diameter were 8.82 ±3.87 cm and 9.36 ± 3.14 cm, respectively. The overall regression was statistically significant (r=0.407, p<0.001). Femoral vein diameter significantly predicted central venous pressure (0.502, p<0.001).Conclusion: Femoral vein diameter can be used as a bedside non-invasive method to determine central venous pressure.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79247548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Post-Tonsillectomy Hemorrhage in Tonsillectomy with Bipolar Diathermy","authors":"Tayyab Hassan Raza, Abdul Hakim, Muhammad Ali, B. Anjum, Uzair Mushahid","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.355","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study the frequency of post-operative hemorrhage and type of management employed following tonsillectomy performed with bipolar diathermy.Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of ENT of Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from February 2021 to January 2022.Materials and Methods: We studied 66 patients who were selected for tonsillectomy. Patients having a previous record of pharyngeal surgery and thrombotic disorders/ hemorrhagic diathesis were excluded. All participants underwent tonsillectomy with bipolar diathermy and were followed up 10 days for the development of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0.Results: A total of 10 (15.2 %) patients developed post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage in our study. Of these, 8 (12.2 %) were managed conservatively while 2 (3.0%) required surgical management to control hemorrhage. Blood transfusion was required by 1 (1.5%) patient.Conclusion: Post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage is comparatively a common complication occurring with bipolar diathermy. It is important for the surgeon to be vigilant of this fact for timely and appropriate management in this scenario.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81684848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospectives of Teledentistry for Professional Stakeholders of Health Professional Dental Education in Pakistan; A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Asma Shakoor, Walija Ansari, Malaika Choudhry, Noor Fatima, Abdullah Mumtaz, H. Raja, Muhammad Nasir Saleem","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.286","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the perceived barriers that dental professionals in Pakistan have to use teledentistry, as well as to measure awareness of teledentistry among dental students and dentists.Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Operative Dentistry, CMH-Lahore Medical College and Institute of Dentistry from September 2021 to December 2021.Material and Methods: During the course of about four months, a descriptive cross-sectional study of dental professionals and students was carried out throughout Pakistan. Dental professionals and dental students within the age range of 18-60 years were included in the study. Any dental practitioner not using a smartphone was excluded from the study.Results: A total of 428 dental students and professionals, with 222 (51.9%) undergraduate students, 127 (29.7%) house officers, 58 (13.6%) postgraduate trainees, and 21 (4.9%) specialists participated in the study. The overall mean knowledge and attitude scores were reported as 29.68 ± 4.24 and 32.55 ± 4.82, respectively. Although the study participants had satisfactory/good knowledge and a positive attitude towards teledentistry, they also believed that there are many challenges to face regarding the equipment and awareness.Conclusion: Conclusively, our study displays a good knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding teledentistry along with its advantages and disadvantages among the dental community of Pakistan where the legislature is bringing public health services to the doorsteps of the general public by use of information and communication technology.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90321950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Relation to Metformin Use in Adults with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Anum Gul, F. A. Siddiqi, M. Amir, A. Arshad, Saqib Qayyum, Najmush Shakireen","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.271","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find the correlation between serum vitamin B12 levels in metformin users among type-2 diabetics.Study Design: Cross-sectional Study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Medicine of Combined Military Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan from April 2021 to September 2021.Materials and Methods: Using a consecutive sampling technique, patients were selected from both outdoor and indoor medical health facility Blood tests were performed on all patients and serum vitamin B12 level was assessed, a level less than 200 pg/ml was considered deficient. The comparison was made among patients taking metformin and those not on metformin.Results: 148 patients were enrolled, consisting of an equal proportion of cases and controls i.e. 74 patients in each group, with a mean age of 44.09± 10.61 and 46.15± 10.64 respectively. Vitamin B12 deficiency was found more in metformin user group 34 (45.94%) than in patients not on metformin 11 (14.86%) (p<0.001). The odd ratio was 4.87 (95% CI is 2.22 – 10.69).Conclusion: Metformin users taking at least 1000mg daily of minimum one-year duration experienced significant reductions in blood vitamin B12 levels as compared to patients not using metformin. A serum vitamin B12 test needs to be performed on regular basis after every three months in type-2 diabetic patients taking metformin of more than 1 gram daily for more than a year.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80964271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Characteristics, Spectrum of Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Injuries and Burden of Corrosive Intake Patients in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Islamabad","authors":"Hyder Wajid Abbasi, Warda Aftab, Sara Shahid, Mashood Ali, Javeria Zahid, S. Naz, Amna Ishtiaq","doi":"10.37185/lns.1.1.287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37185/lns.1.1.287","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate the epidemiology and spectrum of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract injuries, as well as to assess the burden of Corrosive intake patients who presented to an Islamabad tertiary care hospital.Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Gastroenterology of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan from January 2021 to December 2021.Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out at the department of Gastroenterology using patient records. After taking a thorough history, patients were admitted in the hospital, which was followed by a physical examination, necessary investigations, and an initial emergency management. The study did not include any follow-up cases. Corrosive ingestion induced tissue damage was assessed via endoscopy using Zargar’s classification. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.Results: The total number of patients who were brought to emergency department with corrosive ingestion during one year were 74. There were 45 females (60.81%) and 29 male patients (39.19%). Age ranged from 13 to 60 years (mean 27.01 ± 18.91) with highest incidence in the age group of 21-30 years which was 44.59 % followed by 11-20 age Group (28.28 %).  41 patients were unmarried (55.41%), whereas 33 were married (44.59 %). Corrosive ingestion was most common in illiterate patients (44.59 %). 46 patients (62.16%) confessed that they ingested corrosive substance intentionally while 28 (37.84 %) claimed it happened due to accidental ingestion. Washroom cleaner was found to be the most commonly used corrosive Agent (90.54%). The most common sites that sustained corrosive injuries were the oropharynx and oesophagus, while the duodenum was found to be the least affected with normal endoscopic examination in the majority of the patients (51.35 %).Conclusion:  In developing countries, corrosive ingestion is a major public health concern, with a high proportion of suicidal ingestions. It is particularly common in suicidal young people with easy access to washroom cleaners. The seriousness of this problem emphasises the importance of pursuing multidisciplinary solutions. In addition, strict action and stringent legislation by governing bodies are required in developing countries to limit adults' unrestricted access to hazardous corrosive elements.","PeriodicalId":15254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biology and Life Science","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80028068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}