Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics最新文献

{"title":"RF/Bio MEMS transducers for microsystems-on-a-chip","authors":"pMahi R Singhp","doi":"10.4172/2155-6210-C2-038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6210-C2-038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90969370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption, functionalization and electrostatic multipolar interactions at CNT and graphene surfaces","authors":"Lykah Va, E. Syrkin","doi":"10.15406/ijbsbe.2018.4.00130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ijbsbe.2018.4.00130","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are 1D nano materials, quantization along axis exists; CNT is considered as quantum wire or quantum dot.1 Functionalization is powerful method for tuning CNTs quantum energy levels and physical properties. Functionalization of 2D graphene and bigraphene layers is also applied widely. The theory was developed2 for energy spectra tuning in the semiconducting nanowires and polarons formation as the result of functionalization by molecular layers with (i) radial degree of freedom, (ii) conformational transition in the molecules and (iii) incommensurate structures. Periodic distribution of metals, metal organic3 and conducting polymers at CNT surface was found by TEM.4 The charge transfer3 leads to electron and hole (pair), spatially separated in neighboring substrate (CNT) and a molecule or atom. The aim of this work is theoretical consideration of initial stages of functionalization with the charge transfer. It is shown that the electron-hole pairs can be presented as the dipole and quadrupole moments with long range interaction. We consider situation of enough small molecules with relatively large distance between ones. At short range distances, compared with the molecules size, the proposed method would be applied with higher error. The charge transfer is example of a general contact interaction of molecules with different electro negativity. Thus, in comparison with CNT and graphene we have electronegative molecules with F, Cl, O, N. P, S atoms and electropositive metals or metal-organic complexes. In further consideration we suppose the molecules (atoms) to be electropositive and the electronic clouds of the transferred charge to be negative, they are shown in Figure 1. A dipole vector5 d = qr is shown as arrow between centers of negative and positive charges in Figure 1. Following to5,6 we write dipole-dipole interaction as:","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86704700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free-label electrochemical detection of of HIV-1 proviral DNA in clinical sample","authors":"A. Tamayo, L. S. L. Rizo, M. Armas, H. Yamanaka, A. M. E. Guas","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00129","url":null,"abstract":"DNA biosensors based on carbon electrodes are under intense investigation by many research groups. Carbon electrodes are particularly attractive for sensing applications because of their low cost, wide working potential window, good electrical conductivity and relatively low background currents.1 A great deal of attention has given in the last years to the use of graphite in composite materials, taking advantage of their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties for the development of electrochemical platforms.2,3 In particular, graphite composites have high intrinsic resistance and very low relaxation time, within the time scale of the electrochemistry processes;4-6 thus, parameters and details about the percolation phenomena through the solid can be neglected.7 The graphite composite electrodes can also easily modify, allowing the incorporation of different components such as ligands, enzymes, cofactors, mediators, catalysts. Therefore, there is a special interest in using these electrodes in the development of feasible sensors for the detection of biologically-relevant molecules, such as DNA of viruses. The detection of viral diseases is usually performed by specific techniques such as immunoassay (ELISA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), among others.8 However, these techniques have several disadvantages, such as the need for expensive equipment and reagents involving laborious procedures that also requiring experienced personnel. The aim of this work was the detection of DNA in clinical sample with epoxy graphite electrodes modified as starting materials for the development of biosensors for DNA viral diseases. The composite electrode preparation included the use of epoxy graphite modified with graphene oxide, to introduce the carboxylic groups required for potential covalent binding of biologically relevant species. The final electrodes were test using a HIV-1 proviral DNA in clinical samples.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83842879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formation of the locomotor stereotype in patient with consequences of the spinal cord injury (single case)","authors":"Pismennaya Ev, Petrushanskaya Ka, Shapkova Ey","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00128","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of rehabilitation of patients with diseases of the locomotor system has become one of the most actual in the recent years. Nowadays this problem becomes extremely important in such diseases as multiple sclerosis, stroke, infantile cerebral palsy and consequences of the spinal cord injury. This phenomenon is connected with the fact, that number of patients with such diseases has a tendency to growth, rehabilitation of these patients is rather expensive, and at last, these patients often need constant and manysided help from the relatives.1–10 Nowadays acute necessity for search for the most effective methods and means of rehabilitation of such patients appeared in Russia. The main purpose of these methods is to receive the best restorative effect for the shortest time. Application of the exoskeleton during walking of patients with different diseases of the locomotor system is one of such methods. Medical exoskeleton “ExoAtlet”, elaborated in Russia, is intended for assistance to people with the limited physical possibilities. This exoskeleton may be applied both for the medical and for the social rehabilitation of patients with the locomotor disturbances. As it has already been mentioned, spinal cord injury is one of the most serious disease. Traumatic injury of the spinal cord is a reason of the remarkable changes of the person’s life. This is true not only for the main physiological processes (disorder of the motional functions, of the function of the pelvic organs, of the respiratory and cardio-vascular systems, trophic disorders), but essentially changes quality of life of patient and his family, demands adaptation to quite new social, economical and professional conditions of existence. 2–5,8 Different authors note, that steady growth of the part of the spinal cord injury in the structure of the combined trauma is observed in Russia.2–8 According to data of M.A. Leontiev, for the last 70 years number of patients with the spinal cord injury increased in 200 times.7,8 Every year 8 thousand people receive spinal cord injury in Russia, and 10 thousand in USA. Trauma of the spinal cord affects two or more levels in 10-12% of cases, multiple injuries are observed in 34% of patients.8 Severity of this process is conditioned by the character, length, level and the degree of injury of the spinal cord.1–10 But even inconsiderable injury of the spinal cord dooms majority of patients to many-years sufferings.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83933125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential aspects in the design of electrochemical biosensors: mini review","authors":"A. Tamayo","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00127","url":null,"abstract":"An electrochemical biosensor is a self-contained integrated device, which is capable of providing specific quantitative or semiquantitative analytical information using a biological recognition element (biochemical receptor) which is retained in direct spatial contact with an electrochemical transduction element.1 Figure 1 There are many variants that can be used in the design of a biosensor. From the choice of the type of electrochemical transduction,2,3 in correspondence with the analytical signal (), taking into account the molecular recognition element4 and the effective immobilization of it on the transducer material.4 Thus, how to choose that configuration is what guarantees a useful signal. The selection of the most favorable conformation follows the performance criteria: calibration characteristics (sensitivity, operational and linear concentration range, detection and quantitative determination limits), selectivity, steadystate and transient response times, sample throughput, reproducibility, stability and lifetime.1 Electrochemical transduction or detection: The electrochemical biosensors depending on the type of electrochemical transduction can be conduct metric,5 potentiometric,6 voltammetric / amperometric,7 impedance, Ion charge or field effect.8","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81673605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary mechanism of action of optical radiation on living organisms","authors":"Chervinsky Ls","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00126","url":null,"abstract":"Interaction of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from the optical range of biologic objects as shown in the wave, and quantum effects in the probability of formation of which varies depending on the wavelength. In assessing the effectiveness of EMR in the optical range, along with such laws of its wave propagation, as a reflection, scattering and absorption, it is also necessary to take into account the effects of corpuscular photochemical, photoelectric, photolytic and others. Photobiological basis of the mechanism of action of EMR optical range is the energy absorption of light quanta (photons) by atoms and molecules of biological structures (law Grotgus-Draper), which resulted in the formation of electronically excited states of these molecules with the transfer of photon energy (internal photo effect). This is accompanied by electrolytic dissociation and ionization of biological molecules. The degree of manifestation of photo biological effects in the body depends on the intensity of the optical radiation, which is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source to the irradiated surface. Accordingly, in practice, determine not the intensity and irradiation dose at a certain distance from the source of exposure by the exposure time.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"04 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86030366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial fuel cell: a prospective sustainable solution for energy and environmental crisis","authors":"P. Mukherjee, P. Mishra, P. Saravanan","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00124","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial fuel cell or microbial electrochemical cell is a novel and sustainable approach to harvest electricity through biological route. It utilises organic rich wastewater with predominately carbohydrates as an electrolyte and thereby paradigm has been shifted, as the waste is metabolised to electrical energy.1 The MFC combines the conventional electrochemical cell with the bio-catalytic actions of microbes to harvest the bio-electricity. The idea of metabolicelectricity was first proposed by Potter in 1911 to draw electricity by utilization of bio-catalytic activity of exoelectrogens.2 In recent years, it has emerged as a multidimensional technology owing to its numerous advantages over the both conventional energy resources and existing wastewater treatment system. In addition, this versatile utility has great affinity to remove the total nitrogen, BOD and COD and can be utilized as biosensor to evaluate the organics.3 Moreover, this emerging technology is significantly devoted to alleviate the environmental stress associated in the emission of greenhouse gases into the environment. Also the world’s demand for energy per capita is surging annually proportionate to the economic growth of the nation in order to leap their industrial and technical advancement. Hence, this emerging green technology could be an intensive alternative to reduce the burden of increased energy crisis and meet the societal needs.4 As it is well known that most conventional wastewater treatment technology is not as efficient to remove the substantial amount of pollutants from grey water.5 Moreover, these adopts expensive technologies employing sophisticated instruments, infrastructures and occupies huge land area. Thus adopting MFCs instead of the above said conventional process would be a preferable option to harvest apparently pollution-free energy from wastewater. However, before leaping the technology to commercial level significant enhancement need to be undertaken as an intensive concern by researchers to develop a robust system.5 For an instance, implementation of two stage MFC in the place traditional single stages is a most simple prevailing alternative. Provided the two stage has to be constructed with inert material along with intact proton exchange membrane and a high potential electrode.3, 6 The functional properties of MFC would depends upon the metabolic activity of exoelectrogens, suitability of the electrode material for bio film formation, efficiency of electrode materials in harvesting the electrons and finally the electron shuttle system.7 The prime and foremost constraint of microbial fuel cells is its low power output as compared to the conventional fuel cells. This limitation is mainly incurred due to ohmic losses, activation losses and concentration losses etc.8 The second major limitation for MFC’s commercialization is the high installation cost. The aforesaid mentioned ohmic resistance problem is resolved by decreasing the electrode spacing an","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73894112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrancing world of bioelectronics","authors":"Kshitij Shinghal","doi":"10.15406/ijbsbe.2018.04.00123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ijbsbe.2018.04.00123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85592882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of emerging methods and techniques for arterial pressure and flow waves acquisition and analyses","authors":"N. Kizilova","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00122","url":null,"abstract":"Arterial blood pressure (AP) is the physical parameter that, together with body temperature, is the most frequently measured parameter in hospitals and at home for medical diagnostics purposes. The principles of the AP measurements are based on the physical mechanisms and techniques that originated in ancient Oriental medicine, then in the medieval times, and have been reinvented and improved in XIX -XX centuries. During the last decades the tendency to miniaturization, simplification, and automatization of the BP measurement devices with simultaneous rise in their sensitivity and reliability is observed.1–4 Recently more traditional medical devices have been implemented as mobile apps systems for everyday home monitoring of the body health parameters like temperature,5–7 glucose concentration,8-11 quality of sleep,12–13 attack of asthma14–16 or epilepsy,17 heart sounds18 and electrocardiogram,19 hemoglobin level20 or alcohol uptake21 in blood, and AP.22–25 Such applications are essential for health state monitoring in chronic patients, to prevent the asthma, epilepsy or heart attack, sleep apnea, hyperglycemic shock and other acute health states. Both standard clinical and personal mobile techniques have been developed based on the models of a standard healthy human being. 6,18 That is why their use in young or elderly individuals, patients with some specific disease, sportsmen and some other groups is conventional and produce non-repeatable and erroneous data. Therefore, the problem of sensitivity and reliability of the BP equipment and the physical principles used in them must be revisited and updated to satisfy more groups of patients and healthy individuals. In this paper a brief historical review of existing methods and physical principles of AP estimation is presented. Modern techniques for noninvasive BP measurements based on palpation (Riva-Rocci) and auscultation (Korotkoff) methods, and continuous noninvasive arterial pressure (CNAP) measurements photoplethysmography (PHP) and applanation tonometry (AT), their benefits and disadvantages are discussed. The existing Mobile Apps technologies and the results of their testing studies are presented, and the perspectives of their future development are circumscribed.","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89445877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A experimental method to the study of wireless passive LC sensors","authors":"R. J. Rodrigues, Renan Melo De Freitas","doi":"10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/IJBSBE.2018.04.00121","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless passive resonant LC sensors studies and developments have had a significant growing in the last two decades because these sensors do not need for power supply, wiring connections and electronics circuits.1,2 These sensors represent great possibilities for monitoring of physiological parameters inside the human body.3 An implantable device has to operate under harsh environment as a blood vessel.2,3 Both development of an implantable intraocular pressure sensor for detection of glaucoma,1 and blood pressure sensor for monitoring blood vessel pressure are application examples.3‒6 The measuring, i.e. pressure in most cases, changes the capacitance of the LC circuit placed within the environment being monitored (Figure 1). Thus the LC resonant frequency is changed as a pressure function. This resonant frequency is detected by a coil, magnetically coupled and outside the sensor environment. A readout circuit is connected to this external coil.6 The coil L1 receives an AC signal from Signal Generator, which induces an electrical current in the coil L2 (Lei de Faraday-Lenz). The energy changes between L2 and the capacitor C induces an electrical current in the coil L1, which will be detected as coupled impedance, measured between (a) and (b) points marked in the Figure 1. The total impedance measured between (a) and (b) points is given by Equation 1.2,7","PeriodicalId":15247,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosensors and Bioelectronics","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90069748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}