Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Cardiac calcified amorphous tumor in the right atrium: a rare cardiac neoplasm.","authors":"Wentao Fu, Kun Liu, Yan Zhang, Jing Wang, Wan Cai, Yaoyao Wu, Hao Chi, Wen Ge","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03501-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03501-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiac calcified amorphous tumors (CATs) represent rare, nonneoplastic intraluminal heart masses, with limited case reports in existing literature. Asymptomatic cases localized in the right atrium are particularly unusual.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>An asymptomatic 46-year-old male was discovered to have a cardiac mass upon echocardiograph. Echocardiography revealed a 13.2 × 11.8 mm pedunculated mass in the right atrium, attached to the interatrial septum. Then we performed surgical treatment. Histopathology revealed some myocardial tissue, a powdery stained, calcified amorphous area, and a few localized lymphocytes and red blood cells. The final diagnosis confirmed a cardiac CAT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CATs, rarely occurring endocardium-based pseudotumors, comprise calcium nodules and amorphous fibrin material. Typically presenting as a calcified pedunculated mass, they may arise in any heart chamber, with a significant propensity for distal embolism. Differentiating CATs from calcified atrial myxomas, calcified thrombi, or other cardiac tumors is challenging. Histopathology remains a critical diagnostic cornerstone. Although complete surgical resection is the recommended treatment, anticoagulation and ongoing surveillance may serve as viable alternatives when primary treatment, surgical resection, is deemed excessively hazardous.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors contributing to transient and persistent worsening renal function in elderly patients with acute decompensated heart failure.","authors":"Yu-Qing Sun, Lei-Ming Luo, Zhi-Yan Wang, Qiang Lv, Xin Du, Jian-Zeng Dong","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03527-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03527-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of lipid metabolism-related genes in myocardial infarction: implications for diagnosis and therapy.","authors":"Qiang Wang, Xian Wu, Bo Yu","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03525-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03525-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction(MI), a severe and often fatal cardiovascular condition, strongly contributes to global mortality and morbidity. Lipids are critical underlying factors in cardiovascular disease. They influence inflammatory responses and modulate leukocyte, vascular cell and cardiac cell functions, affecting the vasculature and heart. We aimed to identify novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MI that are linked to lipid metabolism.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Endothelial cell transcriptomes from MI patients and controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Lipid metabolism genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). First, we employed the \"limma\" package to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Moreover, we utilized weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) to explore the module genes involved in MI. By intersecting the DEGs, module genes, and lipid metabolism genes, we pinpointed the differentially expressed lipid metabolism genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and protein‒protein interaction (PPI) analyses were subsequently conducted. Cytoscape with MCODE was adopted to identify biomarkers, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to gauge the discriminatory power of these genes in distinguishing MI patients from controls. Regulatory network analysis involving microRNAs and transcription factors was performed for biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 1760 DEGs, comprising 862 upregulated and 898 downregulated DEGs, were identified. By overlapping the module genes and lipid metabolism-related genes, 73 lipid metabolism-related genes were identified. GO analysis highlighted the most significantly enriched terms, including fatty acid metabolic process, regulation of lipid metabolism, and glycerolipid metabolic process. KEGG analysis revealed that these genes were enriched in pathways such as adipocytokine signalling, arachidonic acid metabolism, and cholesterol metabolism. We constructed a PPI network from the 73 identified lipid metabolism-related genes, highlighting 5 biomarkers (MBOAT2, ABHD5, DGAT2, LCLAT1 and PLPPR2). The expression of the 5 biomarkers significantly differed between the MI patients and the controls (P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of all the biomarkers was greater than 0.7.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MBOAT2, ABHD5, DGAT2, LCLAT1 and PLPPR2 were identified as biomarkers of MI, providing new ideas for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A two-sample Mendelian randomization study of atrial fibrillation screening, risk factor analysis, and serum uric acid levels.","authors":"Zhenhua Shi, Wuming Hu, Kexing Ye, Ranran Xia","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03448-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03448-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It aimed to explore the relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) screening, risk factor analysis, and serum uric acid (UA) levels. By analyzing the results of AF screening and risk factors, the potential impact of serum UA levels on AF risk was further investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study population consisted of 979 patients who underwent physical examinations between January 2023 to October 2023, and were divided into two groups based on AF screening results: the AF screening group (n = 490) and the routine examination group (n = 489). The AF screening group underwent AF screening, risk factor analysis, and measurement of serum UA levels, while the routine examination group only received AF screening and routine health check-ups. Utilizing the Global Urate Genetics Consortium (GUGC) dataset, 28 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum UA levels were identified and applied in a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the causal relationship between serum UA levels and AF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Apart from gender, the general data of the experimental and control groups were similar. In patients aged 50-59 and over 70 years, the detection rate of AF in males was significantly higher than that in females (P < 0.05). After adjusting for age and gender, hyperlipidemia, stroke, hyperuricemia, and hyperthyroidism were identified as risk factors for AF. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed a significant association between elevated serum UA levels and increased AF risk. Further analysis indicated a clear dose-response relationship between serum UA levels and AF risk (P < 0.05), suggesting a potential causal effect of serum UA levels on AF risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article demonstrated a significant dose-response relationship between elevated serum UA levels and AF risk, further supporting serum UA as an independent risk factor for AF. Moreover, through MR analysis, the potential causal relationship between serum UA levels and AF was validated, providing a new perspective and basis for AF screening and early diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Col1a2 and Postn in left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Huibing Liu, Ling-Bing Meng, Qian Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03509-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03509-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC) is a rare myocardial developmental anomaly characterized by incomplete myocardial compact layer development in the left ventricular wall, resulting in a multilayered trabeculated myocardium.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The datasets GSE71912 and GSE113251 of left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database generated from GPL13912 and GPL11002 platforms. Batch normalization was performed, followed by differentially expressed genes (DEGs), principal component analysis (PCA), functional enrichment analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. Heatmaps of gene expression levels were generated. Correlation with core genes was explored through comparative toxicogenomics database (CTD) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 500 DEGs were identified. WGCNA with a soft threshold power of 16 generated three modules. Hierarchical clustering dendrograms were constructed for all genes, identifying 4 core genes (Col1a2, Postn, Timp1, Dcn). These core genes were validated through enrichment analysis using Metascape. Heatmaps revealed high expression of core genes (Col1a2, Postn, Timp1, Dcn) in left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy tissue samples. CTD analysis linked core genes (Col1a2, Postn, Timp1, Dcn) with conditions such as left ventricular hypertrophy, arrhythmias, heart diseases, heart failure, myocardial ischemia, vascular diseases, and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Col1a2 and Postn are significantly upregulated in left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy, suggesting their potential role as molecular targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The combination of chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors in recurrent extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a case report.","authors":"Chunxiu Hu, Mingtu Zhang, Min Fang, Yi Liu, Zhengqi Yang","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03513-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03513-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of all lung cancer cases and is characterized by high malignancy, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. Here, we report a case of a 58-year-old female patient who was initially diagnosed with extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) with liver metastasis. The patient underwent etoposide and cisplatin (EP) chemotherapy combined with local radiotherapy and achieved a complete response. The progression-free survival reached 48 months, and upon relapse, the patient received EP chemotherapy combined with the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor, tislelizumab, as immunotherapy. During the treatment period, the patient experienced immune-related pancreatitis, but the symptoms were relieved with timely intervention and treatment. As of January 2, 2024, the patient's overall survival exceeded 95 months. This case highlights the potential efficacy of the combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy in recurrent ES-SCLC patients and underscores the importance of close monitoring and management of immune-related adverse reactions. The study provides valuable insights into the application of personalized treatment in lung cancer management and offers new possibilities for extending patient survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144567477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent mitral prosthetic dysfunction. what interferes the valve closure?","authors":"Pere Pericas, Ronald Morales Murillo, Marta Noris Mora, Francisco Gual-Capllonch, José Ignacio Sáez de Ibarra, Vicente Peral Disdier","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03521-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03521-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prosthetic valve dysfunction due to entrapment of the subvalvular apparatus is a rare condition, particularly when occurring as a delayed postoperative complication. Spontaneous papillary muscle rupture in the absence of an ischemic event is also uncommon. The simultaneous presence of both conditions renders this case of intermittent symptomatic mitral regurgitation exceptional.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present the case of a 72-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic heart disease and a mechanical mitral valve prosthesis. Although the initial postoperative course was uneventful, she developed rapidly progressive heart failure symptoms two years after surgery, secondary to newly onset severe mitral regurgitation. Transesophageal echocardiography was crucial in elucidating the underlying mechanism, revealing a ventricular mass intermittently interfering with the proper closure of the mechanical prosthesis. The main differential diagnoses regarding the origin of the mass included: remnants of the subvalvular apparatus, vegetation, thrombotic material and pannus formation. Given the clinical deterioration, surgical intervention was considered necessary despite the lack of precise knowledge regarding the nature of mass. Surgical exploration confirmed the rupture of the subvalvular apparatus involving the anterolateral papillary muscle as the underlying cause of the prosthetic dysfunction. Excision of the ruptured chordae tendineae and residual papillary muscle was performed with a favorable outcome and no complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case illustrates a rare cause of late prosthetic mitral valve dysfunction: the entrapment of the subvalvular apparatus due to spontaneous rupture of the papillary muscle. Transesophageal echocardiography proved highly valuable in understanding the mechanism of dysfunction; however, surgical exploration ultimately established the definitive diagnosis and facilitated the correction of the issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"283"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232159/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful management of cardiac electrical storm after aortic valve replacement using stellate ganglion block: a case report.","authors":"Xinyi Zhang, Yi Guo, Shuo Chang","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03476-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03476-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac electrical storm (CES) is a life-threatening state of electrical instability characterized by 3 or more episodes of sustained ventricular arrhythmia within 24 h. The application of stellate ganglion block for the treatment of cardiac surgery has rarely been reported. Herein, we report a patient whose ventricular arrhythmia was completely relieved after receiving a stellate ganglion block. We present a case of a 35-year-old male who underwent aortic valve replacement. The patient who had aortic valve stenosis was scheduled for aortic valve replacement and simultaneous tricuspid valvuloplasty. After sedation was discontinued, malignant arrhythmias recurred. We performed stellate ganglion block for patient. As aresult, the patient achieved a complete resolution of symptoms and successfully resumed a normal productive life one year post-surgery. Stellate ganglion block is a safe and effective treatment for patients with ventricular tachycardia unresponsive to drug therapy following cardiac surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the mechanism and clinical value of miR-210-3p and miR-582-5p in acute myocardial infarction by targeting MXD1.","authors":"Shanshan Liu, Jing Han, Shufang Gao","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03518-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03518-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) occurs rapidly and is a major cause of death in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). To explore new biomarkers of AMI and its pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mining key miRNAs (miR-210-3p, miR-582-5p) and gene (MXD1) using the GEO and starbase databases. The expression of miRNAs and related genes was detected by qPCR. The clinical value of miR-210-3p/miR-582-5p was evaluated by constructing ROC curves. The targeted regulation of MXD1 by miR-210-3p and miR-582-5p was demonstrated by the dual-luciferase assay and transfection of mimics. The levels of cTnI, MDA, and Fe²⁺ were measured using kits. Overexpressing miR-210-3p, miR-582-5p, and MXD1 to explore their roles in hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MiR-210-3p and miR-582-5p were deficient in AMI patients and hypoxic cardiomyocytes, while MXD1 was high-expressed. MiR-210-3p combined with miR-582-5p could well distinguish ST elevation-AMI and non-ST elevation-AMI patients from CAD patients, with AUC of 0.865 (0.806-0.923) and 0.813 (0.744-0.881), respectively. The mimics of miR-210-3p and miR-582-5p significantly reduced luciferase activity in cells transfected with the wild-type luciferase vector of MXD1 and inhibited MXD1 expression, which was promoted by their inhibitors. Overexpression of miR-210-3p/miR-582-5p saved hypoxia-induced ferroptosis, which was reversed by co-transfection of the MXD1 plasmid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MiR-210-3p and miR-582-5p are good classifiers for AMI patients and CAD patients. They can negatively regulate the expression of MXD1 by directly targeting its mRNA, inhibiting ferroptosis of hypoxic cardiomyocytes, and may be effective predictors of CAD progression to AMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144564835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of breathing relaxation exercises on pain due to chest tube removal: a systematic review-meta-analysis.","authors":"Ayşe Yacan Kök, Ezgi Eyiler","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03444-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03444-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chest tube placement is essential for draining air or fluid from the pleural cavity, often performed after cardiothoracic surgeries to prevent complications. However, chest tube removal (CTR) can be painful and stressful for patients. Proper pain management is crucial to enhancing patient comfort.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to asssess the effectiveness of breathing and relaxation exercises for pain associated with CTR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Database searches were carried out in Pub med, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane Library, Science Direct to December 2024. The Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A total of 8 randomized controlled trials were included. Findings indicated that breathing relaxation exercises had a negative effect on chest tube removal. The mean effect size for the effect of breathing relaxation exercises on CTR was - 1.46 Three of the studies included in the meta-analysis assessed outcomes before CTR procedure. The mean effect size is 0.070 with a 95% confidence interval of -0.208 to 0.348. Also, four of the studies included in the meta-analysis assessed outcomes immediately after the procedure. The mean effect size is -1.403 with a 95% confidence interval of -2.337 to -0.469. The mean effect size in the universe of comparable studies could fall anywhere in this interval. Q-value is 30.826 with 3 degrees of freedom and p < 0.001.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this meta-analysis indicated that breathing and relaxation exercises can be effective in reducing pain associated with the CTR procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12220383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}