Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications following coronary artery bypass grafting in elderly patients: a retrospective study.","authors":"Guang Feng, Yitong Jia, Guanxu Zhao, Ying Zhang, Tianlong Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03549-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03549-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) significantly impact the prognosis of elderly patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), yet the risk factors for PPCs in CABG remain uncertain. The objective of this study is to identify risk factors for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing CABG.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study retrospectively analyzed 305 elderly patients who underwent CABG at Xuanwu Hospital, from January 2019 to December 2023. The variables analyzed included patient demographics, comorbidities, anesthesia factors, surgical factors and perioperative laboratory tests. Based on the occurrence of PPCs, patients were divided into the PPC group and the none-PPC group. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were employed to determine the independent risk factors of PPCs in elderly patients undergoing CABG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 305 patients, 148 developed PPCs, resulting in an incidence rate of 48.5%. Compared to the none-PPCs group, patients in the PPCs group had significantly longer postoperative lengths of stay and higher perioperative mortality rates. The results indicated that NYHA classification ≥ III (P = 0.024, OR: 1.791, 95%CI: 1.080 ~ 2.972), preoperative P/F ratio (PaO₂/FiO₂) < 350 mmHg (P = 0.002, OR: 2.363, 95%CI: 1.371 ~ 4.073) and postoperative albumin level (P = 0.020, OR: 0.946, 95%CI: 0.903 ~ 0.991) were independent risk factors for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing CABG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified NYHA classification ≥ III, preoperative P/F ratio < 350 mmHg and postoperative albumin levels as independent predictors of PPCs in elderly patients undergoing CABG. Further study is needed to validate these findings and explore potential interventions to mitigate the risk of PPCs in elderly CABG patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of outcome with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in hospitalized patients with congestive heart failure: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Lina Yu, Lianhong Xie","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03551-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03551-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between the Non-HDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and all-cause mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and to determine whether NHHR levels influence the prognosis of CHF patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study participants were stratified based on the quartiles of NHHR. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves, multivariate Cox regression analysis, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis were employed to determine whether the prognosis of CHF patients varied according to NHHR levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study included 2156 patients, of whom 274 (12.7%) died during hospitalization, 337 (15.6%) within 28 days, 480 (22.3%) within 90 days, and 665 (30.8%) within one year. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed a distinct U-shaped association between NHHR levels and mortality in CHF patients, characterized by an initial rapid decline followed by a gradual increase in mortality risk. Notably, patients in the lowest NHHR quartile (Q1) demonstrated significantly elevated 28-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality rates (all P < 0.01, as confirmed by the Log-rank test) compared to the lower three quartiles, as confirmed by log-rank tests. Following the adjustment for confounding variables, multivariate Cox regression analysis established a substantial correlation between NHHR and all-cause mortality in CHF patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A virtually U-shaped link exists between NHHR and all-cause mortality in CHF patients, and further study is needed to corroborate this finding.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergency covered stent implantation for portal vein tear during balloon angioplasty in a patient with advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.","authors":"Tan-Yang Zhou, Hong-Liang Wang, Guo-Fang Tao, Bin Xiong","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03553-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03553-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Portal vein (PV) tear is an uncommon yet potentially fatal complication associated with balloon angioplasty, particularly when treating PV stenosis caused by tumor invasion and compression. This paper presents the case of a 66-year-old male with advanced perihilar cholangiocarcinoma who experienced a PV tear during a bare-metal stent implantation and balloon angioplasty for PV stenosis induced by tumor invasion. Emergency covered stent implantation effectively manages life-threatening intra-abdominal hemorrhage, leading to successful recovery. This case highlights the importance of recognizing PV tears as complications in patients undergoing balloon angioplasty and underscores the efficacy of emergency covered stent implantation in managing such cases. Additionally, this study contributes to the literature by discussing the management strategies and outcomes associated with PV tears during balloon angioplasty.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic impact of small size sutureless prostheses: results for 241 patients from an international registry.","authors":"Giuseppe Santarpino, Roberto Lorusso, Giovanni Concistrè, Josè Cuenca Castillo, Vincenzo Argano, Alistair Royse, Angelo Lucas Nobre, Patrick Parrino, Gianluigi Bisleri, Max Baghai, Theodor Fischlein, Giovanni Troise, Generoso Mastrogiovanni, Raphael Fontaine, Davide Pacini, Giuseppe Minniti, Aniello Pappalardo, George Chad Hughes, Philippe Noirhomme, Jean-Philippe Grimaud, Maximilian Scherner, Ignacio Muñoz, George Asimakopoulos, Antony Walker, Daniela Zakova, Michele Torella, Giorgio Vigano, Mark Connolly, Christian Dinges, Pierre Corbi, Loris Salvador, Mauro Rinaldi, Luis Maroto, David Heimansohn, Basel Ramlawi, Mattia Glauber, Jlenia D'Agnano, Valeria Cosco, Veronica D'Anna, Marco Solinas","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03558-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03558-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment of aortic valve disease in small annuli remains a debated topic in terms of prosthetic choice - biological or mechanical - and risk of patient prosthesis mismatch.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical data of the 241 patients who received a small size sutureless prosthesis from the Sorin Universal REgistry on Aortic Valve Replacement (SURE-AVR) (NCT02679404) were analysed at 30 days and at follow-up. The mean age was 75.5 ± 7.8 years (89.2% female); the mean Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score was 4.2 ± 3.2%, and the preoperative NYHA class II or III score was 83.8%. A minimally invasive approach was performed in 52.7% of patients; concomitant procedures were performed in 27.8% of patients. Similar aortic clamping and cardiopulmonary bypass times were observed in the overall isolated cohort and the isolated minimally invasive cohort. The mean intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 2.4 ± 2.0 days and the total length of stay was 10.3 ± 6.1 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three deaths were recorded at 30 days (1.2%), 2 for noncardiac causes. One patient experienced a myocardial infarction (0.4%) and 2 a nondisabling stroke (0.8%). 2 patients showed intraprosthetic leakage ≥ 2 and one patient para-prosthetic leakage ≥ 2; of these, one patient required reoperation with prosthesis removal. 4.1% of patients required a pacemaker implant. At a maximum follow-up of 8.1 years, 10 cardiovascular deaths, 4 valve related reinterventions (3 structural valve deterioration (SVD) requiring TAVI Valve-in-Valve, 1 endocarditis) occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With their good clinical outcomes, sutureless prostheses represent a good alternative for patients with small annuli, who are at high risk for annular enlargement and anticoagulant therapy.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Study number 587/2015.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the modified Glasgow prognostic score in predicting postoperative mortality following open-heart surgery.","authors":"Burak Toprak, Abdulkadir Bilgiç","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03503-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03503-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12291303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-absorbable running suture in coarctation repair in infants: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Opas Satdhabudha, Manita Songvasin, Utairat Chaumrattanakul, Charinee Kantasiripitak","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03533-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03533-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In our institute, resection and aortic anastomosis for newborns and infants with coarctation of the aorta are typically performed using continuous nonabsorbable (polypropylene) sutures. This cross-sectional survey aims to examine the anastomosis site, focusing on the prevalence of growth and its correlation with recoarctation in cases requiring surgical reintervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent aortic anastomosis for symptomatic coarctation during their first year of life between 2008 and 2023 and were still alive were included in the study for evaluation. Aortic arch diameters were assessed using computed tomography angiography (CTA), and z-scores were calculated. For patients with recurrent stenosis who required subsequent surgery, the surgical pathology was reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15 patients underwent CTA assessment, with a median time from surgery to CTA of 8.08 years (4.39, 10.02). The z-scores for the diameters at the repaired areas were as follows: for the distal transverse arch, the median z-score was - 0.08 (-0.52, 0.59), and for the descending aorta at the anastomosis, it was 1.13 (0.18, 1.72). When comparing the two subgroups-7 patients with aortic arch hypoplasia and 8 without-no significant differences were found in the z-scores of the diameters at the repaired sites. In one case of restenosis at the 4-year follow-up, subsequent surgery revealed that the suture line did not align with the narrowest segment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using continuous non-absorbable suture for aortic anastomosis in coarctation repair for newborns and infants can result in the growth of the aortic arch and the anastomosis site reaching the normal range, regardless of the presence of aortic arch hypoplasia. Pathological findings from a surgical reintervention indicate that the aortic wall segment containing suture material does not align with the area exhibiting the greatest narrowing.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Trial registration number (Study ID): TCTR20240412007.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential auxiliary diagnostic role of pentraxin 3 in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for pulmonary tuberculosis.","authors":"Xiufeng Huang, Hongxing Li, Lu Liu, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03544-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03544-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the auxiliary diagnostic efficacy of Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) as a biomarker for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) by analyzing its levels in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in TB patients. Given the limitations of current TB diagnostic methods, the investigation also sought to evaluate the possible auxiliary help of PTX3 in distinguishing TB from other pulmonary conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The bioinformatic analysis utilized the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (GSE34608), including peripheral blood samples from individuals with TB, sarcoidosis, and healthy controls. Clinical specimens were obtained from hospitalized patients between January 2020 and March 2022, comprising 126 peripheral blood samples and 68 BALF samples. PTX3 levels were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), with subsequent statistical analyses conducted to assess the auxiliary diagnostic efficacy of PTX3 through ROC curve analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis of the GEO dataset revealed a notable increase in PTX3 levels in the peripheral blood of TB patients compared to controls, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.889. However, no significant differences in plasma PTX3 levels were observed among TB, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and lung cancer patients in clinical samples (AUC: 0.472). Conversely, PTX3 levels in BALF were significantly elevated in TB patients compared to individuals with CAP and lung cancer (P < 0.001), with an AUC of 0.806, along with a sensitivity of 0.800 and specificity of 0.810, suggesting its potential auxiliary diagnostic utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Plasma PTX3 levels have limited diagnostic utility in distinguishing tuberculosis from other pulmonary conditions, whereas BALF PTX3 levels exhibit more possible auxiliary diagnosis ability as an auxiliary diagnostic indicator, offering a localized assessment of lung inflammation. BALF PTX3 could be a helpful adjunct in diagnosing TB, particularly in cases where conventional sputum-based tests are inconclusive. Further research is needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"308"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12275448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of research on pulmonary cysts in sjögren's syndrome.","authors":"Cai-Hong Pan, Xu-Fei Zhang, Chen Chen, Xiao-Bei An","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03540-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03540-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease mainly involving exocrine glands and particularly affecting the salivary glands and lacrimal glands, thus inducing a dry mouth and dry eyes. Extraglandular organs are also involved in SS, and this results in damage to multiple systems. Among these, lung damage is more common, with high morbidity and mortality rates, and the lack of typical symptoms in the early stages makes it challenging to identify it. The main pulmonary manifestations of SS are bronchitis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary cysts, pulmonary amyloidosis, interstitial pneumonia, and pulmonary fibrosis. Cystic lung disease affects about 4-46.2% of patients with SS. The imaging characteristics of pulmonary cysts in SS, including the size, number, morphology, and distribution, as well as differential diagnosis, mechanisms underlying the formation of pulmonary cysts, and current treatment strategies, are presented in this review.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on macrophages in cardiovascular diseases.","authors":"Minyan Zhu, Hongmei Zhou, Lei Zhou, Yaping Yang, Rong Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03541-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03541-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective and design: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading causes of death worldwide, imposing a great burden on society. In recent years, macrophages have garnered widespread attention in CVD research. Macrophages are an important component of the body's immune system, playing a critical role in clearing pathogens, repairing damaged tissues, and regulating inflammatory responses, have the potential to serve as a potential target for the treatment of CVD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To make up this review, studies covering Macrophage subtypes and signaling pathways, CVD were selected from the main medical databases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CVD, macrophages can differentiate into different phenotypes(M1, M2, M4, et al.) according to their microenvironment by their plasticity and heterogeneity, release different cytokines, are regulated by multiple signaling pathways(PI3K/Akt, TLR4, TGF-β/Smads, et al.), and play other functions in CVD. M1 initiates and maintains inflammation by secreting pro-inflammatory factors, and M2 participates in the regression of inflammation and tissue repair by secreting anti-inflammatory factors. Therefore, by regulating the signaling pathway, it reduces the aggregation of macrophages, promotes the polarization of macrophages to M2, or restores M1/M2 homeostasis to improve the inflammatory microenvironment and delay CVD progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of high-intensity interval training on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in post-PCI or CABG patients with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Guizhen Hong, Fei Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13019-025-03543-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13019-025-03543-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a potential cardiac rehabilitation strategy for coronary heart disease (CHD) post-surgery, but its efficacy compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of HIIT on cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in CHD patients post-PCI or CABG in comparison with MICT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically reviewed randomized controlled trials from PMID, Cochrane, Embase, Wanfang, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases comparing HIIT with MICT in CHD patients. Data on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), left ventricular ejection function (LVEF), heart rates, and quality of life were extracted and analyzed using random-or fixed-effects models based on heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIIT significantly improved VO₂peak by 1.678 mL/kg/min (95%CI = 1.082-2.275), increased LVEF by 2.831% (95%CI = 1.124-4.538), enhanced peak HR by 6.717 beats/min (95%CI = 5.111-8.323) compared to MICT. Resting HR did not differ significantly between groups. Quality of life (SMD = 0.132, 95%CI = 0.051-0.213, P = 0.001) was significantly elevated by HIIT, particularly in the physical domain. Subgroup analyses showed consistent benefits of HIIT across exercise durations and times.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HIIT effectively enhances cardiopulmonary function and quality of life in CHD post-surgery. HIIT may be a time-efficient alternative to MICT in cardiac rehabilitation programs. However, publication bias and high heterogeneity warrant caution in interpreting these results, indicating a need for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":15201,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery","volume":"20 1","pages":"303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12265359/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144649584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}