Journal of Cardiovascular Echography最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Septoplasty on Right Ventricular Mechanics Assessed by Three-dimensional Echocardiography, Myocardial Performance Index, and Strain Analysis.","authors":"Cem Korucu, Arif Yılmaz","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_30_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_30_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic nasal septum deviation (NSD) may cause persistent upper airway obstruction, intermittent hypoxia, and sympathetic overactivity, potentially leading to subtle alterations in right ventricular (RV) structure and function. Advanced echocardiographic techniques - including three-dimensional RV ejection fraction (3D-RVEF), myocardial performance index (Tei index), and RV longitudinal strain - enable detection of subclinical RV dysfunction associated with chronic hypoxic states and sleep-disordered breathing. Relief of airway obstruction may be associated with changes in cardiopulmonary physiology that could influence RV functional parameters. This study aimed to evaluate changes in RV mechanics following septoplasty using comprehensive conventional and advanced echocardiographic assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective observational study included 30 consecutive adults undergoing elective septoplasty for symptomatic NSD. Comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography was performed preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Conventional RV functional parameters - tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), RV fractional area change (FAC), and pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) - were measured together with advanced indices obtained from 3D echocardiography (3DE) and speckle-tracking analysis, including 3D-RVEF, RV myocardial performance index (Tei index), and RV free-wall longitudinal strain (FWLS). Paired statistical comparisons were conducted to assess postoperative changes in accordance with contemporary echocardiographic quantification standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Septoplasty was associated with significant improvement in both conventional and advanced RV functional parameters. TAPSE increased from 21.6 ± 2.7 mm to 23.4 ± 3.1 mm (<i>P</i> = 0.002), RV FAC increased from 43% ± 6% to 47% ± 7% (<i>P</i> = 0.008), and PASP decreased from 30 ± 6 mmHg to 25 ± 5 mmHg (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Advanced echocardiographic analysis demonstrated a significant rise in 3D-RVEF (48% ± 5% to 53% ± 6%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), a reduction in Tei index (0.46 ± 0.08-0.38 ± 0.07, <i>P</i> = 0.002), and improvement in RV FWLS (-19.8% ± 3.2% to -23.1% ± 3.6%, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Left ventricular systolic function remained unchanged, and no perioperative cardiovascular complications occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Septoplasty is associated with measurable improvement in RV mechanics assessed by 3DE, myocardial performance index, and strain imaging. Relief of chronic upper airway obstruction may therefore contribute to favorable subclinical cardiopulmonary remodeling beyond symptomatic nasal improvement. These findings highlight the value of advanced echocardiographic assessment in detecting reversible RV dysfunction and warrant confirmation in larger controlled prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 4","pages":"446-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13600624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Tei Index in Early Detection of Anthracycline-induced Cardiotoxicity.","authors":"Sara Ashraf, Mahmoud Elamrousy, Timoor Hassan, Samia Sharafeldin, Ibtsam Khairat","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_98_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_98_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although anthracycline chemotherapy is widely used in different types of cancer, they are commonly known to induce cardiotoxicity. Early diagnosis of cardiotoxicity induced by cancer therapy is of great interest. Due to the insensitivity of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in the early identification of cardiotoxicity, global longitudinal strain (GLS) has become the best approach for early cardiotoxicity identification. The goal of our research was to assess the function of the Tei Index, a relatively new tool for evaluating both diastolic and systolic function, in the prediction of cardiac dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred patients were enrolled in our prospective observational study. Demographic and clinical data were collected at the first visit. Assessments of LVEF, GLS, and the Tei Index were taken before initiation of therapy and subsequently at 3- and 6-month intervals (2^nd and 3^rd visit, respectively) following anthracycline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients' mean age was 44.79 ± 14.26 years, predominantly females (76%). The mean LVEF fell from 63.44 ± 3.61 to 59.90 ± 6.00 6 months following chemotherapy. At the 6-month visit, 16% patients developed evident impairment in left ventricular systolic function with LVEF below 55%. The mean GLS at the first visit was 19.94 ± 2.68 and showed a significant decrease in its values to 17.27 ± 2.1 6 months postchemotherapy, with 20% of patients having a percentage change in GLS ≥15% (subclinical cardiotoxicity). Mean Tei Index has been significantly increased from 0.42 ± 0.09 at the first visit to 0.52 ± 0.08 at the third visit. After 6 months postchemotherapy, there was a significant inverse relationship between ejection fraction (EF) and Tei Index (<i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>r</i> = -0.309); on the other hand, there was a notable direct relationship between EF and GLS (<i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>r</i> = -0.438) after 3 months and (<i>P</i> < 0.001, <i>r</i> = -0.583) after 6 months postchemotherapy. Tei Index with cutoff of 0.46 was found to have 100% sensitivity, 57% specificity, and 27.3% positive predictive value (PPV) for the prediction of cardiac dysfunction in comparison to GLS, which had 100% sensitivity, 95 specificity, and 80% PPV.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tei Index is a good negative test for ruling out the cardiac dysfunction, but not for confirming the condition. Keep in mind, follow up should be lasted longer for further assessment of the cardiac dysfunction that may become evident at longer periods. However, our primary purpose was to look for early signs of cardiotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 4","pages":"347-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13600628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Mitral Valve Prolapse: Insights from a Case Series.","authors":"Irene Landi, Luca Favarato, Paolo Toritto, Enrico Iengo, Lorenzo Zuliani, Stefano Martina, Tommaso Della Giustina, Abdalla Eltayeb Abdelkader, Olga Vriz","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_180_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_180_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common valvular heart disorder and shows marked phenotypic heterogeneity, ranging from benign forms to malignant variants associated with ventricular arrhythmias (VA), mitral annular disjunction (MAD), myocardial fibrosis, and sudden cardiac death (SCD). We present a case series of three patients with bileaflet MVP and mild mitral regurgitation (MR), followed longitudinally for more than a decade. Clinical assessment, electrocardiography, advanced echocardiography, 24-h Holter monitoring, exercise testing, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging were used to characterize structural, mechanical, and electrical features. Phenotypic variability was evident across the three patients. Case 1 showed progressive MAD (5.4 to 11.3 mm), significant left ventricular (LV) dilatation, marked systolic curling, and a high burden of premature ventricular contractions with non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), despite the absence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Case 2 developed mild LV dilatation, curling, and basal inferolateral LGE, with exercise-induced NSVT, whereas Case 3, despite a family history of SCD, showed progression to moderate MR but no MAD, curling, or LGE, and only limited arrhythmic activity. These cases illustrate the broad phenotypic spectrum of MVP and support the concept that this condition may involve valvular, annular, myocardial, and electrophysiological abnormalities. MAD, curling, and LGE appear to represent overlapping but potentially independent markers of arrhythmic risk. Multimodality imaging may therefore be valuable for comprehensive risk stratification, even in asymptomatic patients, as structural and electrical features can evolve over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 4","pages":"453-459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13600639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Do Echo in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: A Consensus Statement of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging.","authors":"Antonio De Luca, Alessandro Folgheraiter, Thomas Caiffa, Aldostefano Porcari, Matteo Cameli, Eustachio Agricola, Maurizio Cusmà Piccione, Roberta Manganaro, Andrea Barison, Giancarlo Todiere, Giuseppe Palmiero, Gianluca Di Bella, Marco Merlo, Gianfranco Sinagra, Scipione Carerj, Concetta Zito, Ilaria Caso, Antonella Moreo, Mauro Pepi","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_119_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_119_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is defined by increased left ventricular wall thickness and/or mass and reflects a heterogeneous spectrum of primary myocardial diseases or an adaptive response to pressure or volume overload. Multimodality imaging, integrated with comprehensive clinical assessment, electrocardiography, and laboratory testing, plays a central role in the noninvasive evaluation of LVH [Graphical Abstract]. Echocardiography represents the first-line imaging modality for initial assessment and serial follow-up, providing comprehensive structural and functional information. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging provides diagnostic confirmation and enables etiologic differentiation through advanced tissue characterization. Other imaging modalities, particularly nuclear medicine techniques, are employed in specific clinical contexts such as the evaluation of cardiac amyloidosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 4","pages":"488-498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13600627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to do echo for patent foramen ovale: Pre, Intra and Postprocedure: A Consensus Statement of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging.","authors":"Roberta Manganaro, Maurizio Cusmà Piccione, Eustachio Agricola, Matteo Cameli, Antonio De Luca, Scipione Carerj, Giampiero Vizzari, Antonio Micari, Concetta Zito","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_67_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_67_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a congenital heart anomaly potentially responsible of paradoxical embolism, enhancing the risk of stroke, especially in young adults. Contrast-enhanced (c-) echocardiography associated with c-transcranial doppler is the method of choice for PFO diagnosis. Transesophageal echocardiography plays a pivotal role for PFO's anatomical characterization; besides, it serves for guidance during percutaneous closure. A multimodality imaging approach is advised for evaluating residual shunt after percutaneous procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 3","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of Bedside Point-of-care Ultrasounds in Intensive Care Unit for Septic Patients: A Consensus Statement of the Italian Society of Echocardiography and Cardiovascular Imaging.","authors":"Marco Tescione, Annalisa Piccolo, Eugenio Giuseppe Vadalà, Claudio Franzutti, Domenica Donato, Simone Pantano, Manuela Macheda, Eustachio Agricola, Matteo Cameli, Maurizio Cusmà-Piccione, Antonio De Luca, Roberta Manganaro, Giovanna Di Giannuario, Sebastiano Macheda, Concetta Zito, Giovanni Di Salvo, Scipione Carerj, Giorgio Faganello","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_81_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_81_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis and septic shock remain major causes of morbidity and mortality and are frequently complicated by multiple organ dysfunction, making management particularly challenging for intensivists. Early recognition of hemodynamic instability, prompt identification of the infectious source, and timely interventions are crucial to improve outcomes. Bedside point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a safe, rapid, and noninvasive tool that supports real-time assessment of the septic patient, guiding both diagnosis and treatment. A structured POCUS approach can be used for initial hemodynamic evaluation, detection of infectious foci, and ultrasound (US)-guided therapeutic procedures directly at the bedside. In addition, the relatively low cost and portability of US make it especially valuable in low-resource settings, promoting more standardized and equitable care. This article provides a practical guide to the use of bedside US in patients with sepsis and septic shock admitted to the intensive care unit, focusing on key views, essential findings, and their implications for clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 3","pages":"214-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Involvement of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Multicentric Observational Study on Mid- and Long-term Follow-up with Cardiovascular Imaging.","authors":"Lilia Oreto, Fabio Toscano, Francesco Letterio De Luca, Letteria Bruno, Giuseppe Mandraffino, Gianluca Di Bella, Pasquale Crea, Agata Vitale, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Eloisa Gitto, Immacolata Rulli, Giovanni Conti, Roberto Chimenz, Simone Foti Randazzese, Annalisa Alaimo, Fabrizia Centineo, Paolo Guccione, Daniela Poli","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_106_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_106_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a relatively rare complication of COVID-19, with frequent cardiovascular involvement, in terms of pericarditis, valvulitis, coronary aneurysms, and myocardial dysfunction/cardiogenic shock. Prognosis appears to be benign, but data about long-term follow-up are limited.</p><p><strong>Aims and objectives: </strong>We aimed at describing acute cardiovascular complications and evaluating residual abnormalities in the mid-term (1-6 months) and long-term (>7 months) follow-up in children with MIS-C and cardiovascular involvement.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed data of all patients aged <16 years with MIS-C and cardiovascular involvement (2021-2023). Evaluation at admission included electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), TroponinT, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and signs of macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Follow-up was based on ECG, echocardiography and, when appropriate, CMR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine consecutive patients (20 males, mean age 7.16 ± 5.12 years) with MIS-C showed cardiovascular involvement. Pericarditis was the most frequent feature (72. 4%), followed by valvulitis (51.7%), myocardial dysfunction (34.5%), and coronary artery dilatation (10.3%). Receiver operating characteristic curves identified TroponinT >105.05 and NT-proBNP >5817.5 as potential predictors of myocardial dysfunction. MAS was associated to 12-fold higher risk of myocardial dysfunction (<i>P</i> = 0.036). In the long-term, mild abnormalities were still documented in up to 10.3% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MIS-C with cardiovascular involvement has a substantial incidence of acute myocardial dysfunction, particularly in patients with higher levels of TroponinT and BNP and in those who developed MAS. Cardiovascular abnormalities are usually transient. However, in 10% of cases, mild abnormalities are still detected by cardiovascular imaging in the long-term, without any correlation with the severity of the acute phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 3","pages":"261-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Left Ventricular Dysfunction due to Permanent Pacemaker: An Analysis of miR-155, sTNFR-2, MMP-9, N-Cad, and ZO-1.","authors":"Sidhi Laksono, Yoga Yuniadi, Amiliana M Soesanto, Sunu B Raharjo, Irwan S Angkasa, Cliffian Hosanna","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_176_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_176_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Total atrio-ventricular block is a lethal condition and is an indication of permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation. Although PPM is lifesaving, patients frequently develop left ventricular dysfunction (LVd) which is traditionally detected with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Global longitudinal strain (GLS) may detect LVd before a decrease in LVEF. Cellular mechanisms of LVd following PPM implantation remain poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate biomarker changes associated with the development of LVd following PPM implantation.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>This quasi-experimental study was conducted on adult patients undergoing PPM implantation.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Echocardiography parameters and blood samples were obtained before PPM implantation (P0), at 1 month (P1) and at 3 months (P3). Patients divided into two groups (decreased GLS vs. unchanged GLS group) based on Delta P1 to P3 GLS. Biomarkers (miR-155, sTNFR-2, MMP-9, N-Cad, and ZO-1) concentration at P0 are compared to P1 and P3 between groups.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Data were evaluated using nonparametric and parametric tests, repeated-measures analyses, and multivariate modeling as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 42 patients were included. There is a significant difference of P1 sTNFR-2 concentration between decreased GLS group and unchanged GLS group (1947.75 [standard deviation (SD) 103.80] vs. 1778.01 [SD 237.16]; <i>P</i>: 0.003). Moreover, general linier model showed a higher concentration of sTNFR-2 in patients with GLS decreased compared to unchanged GLS, although the difference is insignificant (<i>P</i>: 0.340). There was no statistically significant difference of other biomarkers in the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>STNFR-2 may represent an early inflammatory signal associated with relative GLS deterioration following permanent pacemaker implantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 3","pages":"304-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Heart Failure Caused by a Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm: A Rare Presentation.","authors":"Mucahit Tan, Sinan Karakus, Naci Babat, Sahin Sahinalp","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_7_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_7_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sinus of valsalva aneurysm (SOV) is a rare aortic pathology that may be congenital or acquired and often remains clinically silent until rupture. When rupture occurs, it can lead to acute and life-threatening hemodynamic deterioration. We report the case of a 65-year-old male who presented with sudden-onset dyspnea and peripheral edema and was diagnosed with acute heart failure secondary to a ruptured SOV. Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, followed by computed tomography angiography, demonstrated a ruptured aneurysm originating from the noncoronary sinus with significant left-to-right shunting. Owing to extensive aortic root involvement, the patient underwent a Bentall procedure with successful clinical outcome. This case highlights the importance of considering ruptured SOV in the differential diagnosis of acute heart failure, particularly in elderly patients, and underscores the critical role of comprehensive imaging and timely surgical intervention in guiding optimal management.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 3","pages":"340-343"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13485268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148793687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Coronary Arteries during the Prenatal and Postnatal Periods using Two- and Three-dimensional Ultrasound.","authors":"Marina Matos De Moura Faíco, Nathalie Jeanne Bravo-Valenzuela, Gustavo Yano Callado, Antonio Braga, Maria Elisa Martini Albrecht, Edward Araujo Júnior","doi":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_16_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcecho.jcecho_16_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronary artery (CA) development is a complex process that begins early in embryogenesis and continues throughout fetal and postnatal life, with important implications for cardiovascular health. This review summarizes current knowledge on CA embryology, physiology, and imaging assessment across the fetal-neonatal continuum, with particular emphasis on advances in prenatal and postnatal ultrasonography. Prenatal evaluation using two-dimensional (2D) ultrasonography and three-dimensional techniques, including spatiotemporal image correlation and advanced flow-rendering modalities, has expanded the ability to visualize CA anatomy in selected fetal conditions, particularly in the presence of abnormal coronary dilation or altered hemodynamics, although routine assessment of normal fetal CAs remains challenging. In the postnatal period, 2D transthoracic echocardiography remains the cornerstone for the diagnosis and follow-up of CA anomalies, aneurysms, and fistulas, supported by standardized measurement protocols and <i>Z</i>-score normalization. Complementary imaging modalities, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance coronary angiography, provide additional anatomical detail in selected cases. A comprehensive understanding of CA development and imaging across early life is essential for improving diagnostic accuracy, guiding clinical management, and optimizing long-term cardiovascular outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":15191,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cardiovascular Echography","volume":"36 4","pages":"408-417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13600640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}