Journal of biomechanics最新文献

{"title":"The hip adduction moment as a proxy for joint loading: a comparison between walking and running","authors":"Ransi S.S. Subasinghe Arachchige ,&nbsp;Torrance Mclean ,&nbsp;Roy T.H. Cheung","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hip adduction moment (HAM) is commonly used as a surrogate for hip joint loading; however, its validity across different gait tasks and modifications remains unclear. Understanding how gait modification influences this relationship is essential for developing effective load-management strategies for individuals with or at risk of hip osteoarthritis. This study examined the relationship between HAM and hip joint reaction force (HJRF) during walking and running under natural and foot progression modification conditions in healthy adults. Musculoskeletal modelling in OpenSim was used to estimate HJRF, and inverse dynamics were applied to calculate HAM. Spearman’s correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between HAM and HJRF across gait conditions. Paired t-tests and linear mixed models, accounting for speed where applicable, assessed differences between natural and modified gait.</div><div>During walking, early stance HAM was strongly correlated with HJRF in both natural (ρ = 0.923, p &lt; 0.001) and toe-in conditions (ρ = 0.851, p &lt; 0.001). Toe-in walking significantly reduced HAM (p = 0.017) and HJRF (p = 0.037) compared to natural walking. During running, peak HAM had lower but significant correlation with HJRF in the natural condition (ρ = 0.703, p &lt; 0.001), but no significant association was observed during toe-out running (p = 0.065). Toe-out running significantly decreased HAM (p = 0.006) while HJRF remained unchanged (p = 0.941). Gait modification influences the coupling between HAM and HJRF, particularly during dynamic tasks such as running. While HAM is a valid indicator of hip loading during walking, it becomes less representative under altered dynamic conditions. These findings highlight the limitations of using single-plane moments as a surrogate for joint loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilayered soft material characterization using surface wave elastography and laser Doppler vibrometry","authors":"Nasser Ghaderi ,&nbsp;Ali Golmohammadi ,&nbsp;Simon Verspeek ,&nbsp;Joris Dirckx ,&nbsp;Steve Vanlanduit","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To characterize mechanical properties in layered media, we present a broadband surface-wave elastography approach for estimating shear wave speeds in a three-layer soft sample using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV). Surface waves were generated using a piezoelectric transducer and measured on a layered phantom mimicking skin, including an embedded stiff inclusion representing a skin abnormality. By extending the axial displacement profile of Rayleigh waves in a single-layer half-space to a multilayered medium, we enabled forward modeling and inversion to estimate the shear wave speeds of each layer. The inversion assumed elastic layers, with estimated speeds compared to reference values from single-layer wave elastography. While overall layer characterization showed higher error, mainly due to viscoelastic effects not captured in the model, the inclusion was accurately identified. The embedded inclusion, with a shear wave speed about 1.7 times that of surrounding material, was estimated with only 1.5% error, and the surrounding layer with approximately 10% error. In addition, in vivo measurements were performed on the human forearm skin, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed method under realistic physiological conditions and strengthening the clinical relevance of the study. The approach is adaptable to alternative excitation and measurement methods and offers high sensitivity, as demonstrated by LDV’s ability to detect low-amplitude displacements. This methodology is suitable for skin tissues and holds promise for diagnosing abnormalities and monitoring treatment response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalization of military load carriage simulations affects muscle and joint contact forces","authors":"Anna C. Corman ,&nbsp;Jordan T. Sturdy ,&nbsp;Hedaya N. Rizeq ,&nbsp;Carlie J. Daquino ,&nbsp;Tyler T. Whittier ,&nbsp;Amy Silder ,&nbsp;Pinata H. Sessoms ,&nbsp;Anne K. Silverman","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Military overuse injuries are associated with greater internal loads during load carriage and cause decreased readiness and increased costs. Low physical fitness, including low muscle strength, is a modifiable injury risk factor, making it an important focus for injury prevention. Evaluating potential injury mechanisms from biomechanical modeling and simulation may be useful, particularly for individuals who have unique muscle strengths and body segment mass distributions. However, modeled muscle strength from average adults is likely underestimated for trained, active-duty military personnel, which may influence internal load calculations. Thus, we evaluated the effects of muscle strength and segment mass distribution personalization on joint contact impulses and peak forces, and muscle force impulses from musculoskeletal simulations. Full-body kinematics, ground reaction forces, and electromyography were collected from 16 active-duty participants under two walking conditions: 1) no-pack and 2) pack (posteriorly added load, total 46 kg). These data drove and validated simulations of models with different types of personalization. Modeled segment masses were scaled using measured regional masses from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Modeled muscle strengths were scaled from eight maximum voluntary isometric contractions measured using an instrumented dynamometer including the lumbar, hip, knee, and ankle. Personalized mass-distribution scaling had 6% greater lumbar joint contact impulses in walking compared to not personalized (p = .006). Personalized muscle strength scaling had greater joint contact impulses at the lumbar (42%), hip (25%), and knee (8%) (p &lt; .001), and smaller impulses at the ankle (−4%) (p = .048) compared to not personalized. Results were similar for peak joint contact forces. Model personalization is beneficial to quantify internal loading and evaluate training interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146226976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue ingrowth in a porous acetabular component: Influence of mechanobioregulatory stimuli","authors":"Ceby Mullakkara Saviour ,&nbsp;Ayushi Prasad ,&nbsp;Sanjay Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous acetabular component has been often used in total hip arthroplasty since they allow biological anchorage with the host bone, facilitating long term implant stability. However, the extent of the tissue ingrowth around porous metal-backing has been scarcely investigated. Using a novel multiscale mechanobioregulatory framework, the study investigated the spatio-temporal evolution of tissue ingrowth in an optimally designed functionally graded porous acetabular component. Finite element microscale models corresponding to different acetabular regions were developed, along with the macroscale model of the implanted hemipelvis. The variable implant-bone relative displacements and the host bone material properties in ten interfacial regions, were mapped from the macroscale model to microscale model. Bone formation of 0.55 – 86.65% was predicted across the microscale models, resulting in an average elastic modulus ranging between 32.52 and 1977.70 MPa. The overall average percentage of peri-acetabular bone ingrowth was ∼ 27%, with high bone ingrowth of ∼ 40 – 87% around the acetabular dome. Although the biological stimulus was favourable in vicinity of the bone layer, the mechanical stimuli in the tissue elements adjacent to the implant was found to be more favourable for bone formation as compared to the elements adjacent to bone. Predicted amount of peri-prosthetic tissue ingrowth was observed to be dependent on the biological factors, in addition to the mechanical environment. Occurrence of contact osteogenesis indicated the predominant influence of mechanical stimuli over biological factors in the predictions of bone ingrowth around functionally graded porous acetabular component.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing MyotonPRO-derived and tensile measures of Achilles tendon stiffness: a cross-sectional study in healthy participants","authors":"C.M. Waugh ,&nbsp;E. Finnamore ,&nbsp;K. Squier ,&nbsp;A. Scott","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stiffness is a key mechanical property of tendon, relevant to both injury and athletic performance. Traditionally, stiffness is measured as tendon elongation in response to applied loading (tensile stiffness), requiring specialized equipment and methods. The MyotonPRO, a handheld device that delivers a small, rapid perturbation and measures dynamic stiffness from the resulting tissue oscillations, has emerged as a fast, user-friendly alternative. However, it assesses stiffness perpendicular to the tendon’s primary axis and may not be appropriate as a surrogate for tensile stiffness.</div><div>Tensile stiffness of the Achilles tendon was obtained from 18 healthy individuals using a combination of 3D motion analysis, passive ankle rotations performed on a dynamometer, and ultrasonography. Dynamic stiffness was obtained at a neutral ankle angle under resting conditions from a standardized location superficial to the Achilles tendon mid-portion using the MyotonPRO.</div><div>Regression analysis showed a low correlation (R² = 0.17) between the two methods. Tensile stiffness was consistently greater than dynamic stiffness (114 ± 63 N/mm vs. 1.04 ± 0.27 N/mm). Bland-Altman analysis showed wide limits of agreement (–11.0 to 236.7 N/mm), and proportional bias (R² = 1) reflected a difference in scale.</div><div>The poor agreement suggests the two methods are not interchangeable. The discrepancy likely reflects fundamental differences in measurement orientation and tissue behavior due to tendon anisotropy. Caution is warranted when interpreting MyotonPRO-derived stiffness, which may not reflect the same functional properties captured by tensile measurements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized modules reflect similar biomechanical subtasks across skipping and running","authors":"Abigail K. Salvadore ,&nbsp;John D. Willson ,&nbsp;Paul DeVita ,&nbsp;Richard R. Neptune ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Roelker","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomechanical and metabolic differences between skipping and running suggest the nervous system may require an alternative motor control strategy to execute skipping. Motor control strategies can be compared across gaits by muscle modules based on which muscles are coactivated (module composition) and whether the same module compositions are used across gaits (module generalization). The purposes of this study were to identify and compare the module composition of skipping and running and determine the module generalization present across these two gaits. Six healthy young adults performed 10 s skipping and running trials on a treadmill at 2.5 m/s while electromyography (EMG) was collected from 8 muscles. A non-negative matrix factorization extracted motor modules from the EMG data. Generalization of modules, both at the group and individual level, was determined with correlations of module weights. Participants required 3.7 ± 0.5 (range: 3–4) modules to control skipping and 3.8 ± 0.4 (range: 3–4) modules to control running. Three generalized modules were found across gaits at the group level, and at the individual level each participant had at least one generalized module. The generalized modules contributed to similar biomechanical subtasks across gaits, highlighting similar gross motor task demands. The unique biomechanical demands of the skipping hop resulted in gait-specific control of the tibialis anterior and gluteus medius. Future work is needed to identify the factors that influence the amount of generalization an individual uses across locomotor tasks and whether the degree of generalization impacts the performance of each gait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of glenohumeral joint center of rotation estimates using traditional motion capture versus bi-plane fluoroscopy","authors":"Julia A. Dunn,&nbsp;Ola Alsaadi,&nbsp;Kevin Shelburne,&nbsp;Michelle B. Sabick","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate estimation of the glenohumeral joint center of rotation is critical for biomechanical modeling of shoulder motion. This study evaluated the accuracy of three predictive methods for estimating glenohumeral joint center of rotation using optical motion capture, compared against a benchmark derived from synchronous bi-plane fluoroscopy. Five healthy adults performed shoulder abduction, flexion, and external rotation in 90° abducted and adducted positions. Root mean square error and axial errors were calculated across the full range of motion. Results showed that none of the predictive methods met clinically acceptable thresholds, with absolute error exceeding 10 mm and axial errors surpassing ±5 mm. Error increased significantly with humeral elevation beyond 60° but remained stable during rotational movements. The inclusion of technical markers slightly reduced axial error but did not substantially improve overall accuracy, likely due to soft tissue artifact. Directional axial errors revealed consistent biases, with the acromion method tending to produce anterior, medial, and superior errors. These findings suggest that predictive methods may be suitable for low-elevation tasks, such as gait, but are unreliable for high-elevation activities like overhead sports. The study highlights the importance of evaluating center of rotation estimation across full motion ranges and suggests that future work should explore humeral marker placement and functional methods to mitigate soft tissue artifact and improve accuracy. Validating reliable optical motion capture-based methods against bi-plane fluoroscopy will enhance consistency and comparability in shoulder biomechanics research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 113168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical effects of different cast immobilization positions in Colles’ fracture: a finite element analysis investigation","authors":"Tatsuki Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Takahiro Yamazaki ,&nbsp;Yusuke Matsuura ,&nbsp;Aya Kanazuka ,&nbsp;Seiji Ohtori ,&nbsp;Takane Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the optimal cast immobilization position for conservative treatment of Colles’ fracture using finite element analysis (FEA). Ten upper limbs from cadavers were scanned with computed tomography in five palmar-dorsiflexion positions (V30, V15, DV0, D15, and D30) and five radioulnar deviation positions (U20, U10, RU0, R10, and R20). Colles’ fracture models with comminuted dorsal cortex and intact volar cortical continuity were developed and subjected to FEA. Each position was assessed for fragment displacement, principal strain at the fracture site, and equivalent stress propagation direction. The minimum fragment displacement was observed at 15° of dorsiflexion and 10° of radial deviation. The differences in distance between dorsal fragments before and after loading in V30, V15, DV0, D15, and D30 were 1.05 ± 0.25, 0.77 ± 0.23, 0.50 ± 0.18, 0.23 ± 0.18, and 0.24 ± 0.11 mm, respectively, with D15 being the smallest. Translation of volar cortical bone in U20, U10, RU0, R10, and R20 was 1.84 ± 1.06, 1.57 ± 0.80, 0.76 ± 0.67, 0.34 ± 0.15, and 0.47 ± 0.24 mm, respectively, with R10 being the smallest. Principal strains at the fracture site were minimal at D15 and R10. Stress propagation analysis revealed that forces were transmitted through the volar cortex at D15 and perpendicular to the fracture line at R10. The FEA demonstrates that cast immobilization at 15° of dorsiflexion and 10° of radial deviation is optimal for conservative treatment of Colles’ fracture by minimizing mechanical load at the fracture site.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 113167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146113157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrostatic-pressure-dependent acoustic properties of brain tissue and their implications in non-invasive ICP monitoring","authors":"Junda Shen ,&nbsp;Xiuwei Wan ,&nbsp;Xingyu Yao ,&nbsp;Yijia Shi ,&nbsp;Yaohua Guo ,&nbsp;Shujuan Lin ,&nbsp;Jin Yang ,&nbsp;Shaobao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ultrasound-based non-invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is of significance in neurological surgery, but its core limitation lies in the mechanical mechanisms of brain tissue’s response to pressure, which have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to clarify the acoustic responses of brain tissue under changing pressures using a hydrostatic pressure system. The ultrasonic speed and the attenuation coefficient were quantified via the Acoustic Pulse Transmission (APT) method at broad frequencies (0.1–2.0 MHz). Results demonstrated that the ultrasonic speed increased nonlinearly with hydrostatic pressure, rising from 1539 ± 6 m·s⁻¹ at baseline (0 kPa) to 1548 ± 6 m·s⁻¹ at 9 kPa, whereas the attenuation coefficient was frequency-dependent but pressure-independent. These findings indicate that the quantified relationship between ultrasonic speed and hydrostatic pressure establishes a biophysical basis for the feasibility of ultrasound-based ICP estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 113196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intrinsic foot muscle training on shank, rearfoot and forefoot coordination and its variability in male runners with non-rearfoot strike pattern: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Zhen Wei ,&nbsp;Shuo Qi ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Liang ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao ,&nbsp;Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jbiomech.2026.113171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intrinsic foot muscle (IFM) training on shank, rearfoot and forefoot coordination and its variability in male runners with non-rearfoot strike (NRFS) pattern. The study randomly assigned 40 habitual NRFS male runners into intervention and control groups. The participants in the intervention group received eight weeks of strength training targeting IFMs. After eight weeks of IFM training, the intervention group exhibited a substantial increase in the proportion of anti-phase coordination patterns in frontal rearfoot–transverse shank (FRTS) and frontal rearfoot–sagittal forefoot (FRSF) during early stance and a reduction in coordination variability across different phases of stance. Compared with the control group, the intervention group exhibited increased anti-phase of distal dominancy in FRTS (mid stance) and FRSF (late stance) and decreased anti-phase of distal dominancy (mid stance) in frontal rearfoot–transverse forefoot (FRTF). Moreover, the intervention group showed reduced coordination variability in frontal rearfoot–frontal forefoot (early and late stance) and FRTF (early stance). This study demonstrated that eight weeks of IFM training can improve adaptive movement strategies and enhance neuromuscular control among the shank, rearfoot, and forefoot. NRFS runners could adopt IFM training for performance optimization and injury prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15168,"journal":{"name":"Journal of biomechanics","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 113171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}