Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis最新文献

{"title":"Acute Pulmonary Embolism: The Clinical Value of Early Follow-Up Computed Tomography Imaging in Thrombus Regression and Rare Differential Diagnoses of Pulmonary Intimal Sarcoma.","authors":"Norikazu Inoguchi, Akihiro Hino, Yoshihiro Fukumoto","doi":"10.5551/jat.ED282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.ED282","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's the Ultimate Risk Score for CAD Patients?","authors":"Yasuaki Takeji, Hayato Tada, Masayuki Takamura","doi":"10.5551/jat.ED281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.ED281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Depression with Walking in People with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the BIP Trial.","authors":"Jonathan Golledge, Alkira Venn, Anthony Leicht, Nicola Burton, Belinda Parmenter, Joseph V Moxon","doi":"10.5551/jat.65531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.65531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This post-hoc analysis from the Behavioural Intervention by allied health professionals to promote Physical activity (BIP) trial examined the relationship between depression and step count and walking capacity over two years in people with peripheral artery disease (PAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>BIP included participants with walking impairment due to PAD followed up at 4, 12 and 24 months to measure step count over 7 days using an accelerometer and six-minute walking distance. The relationships between depression at entry with step count and walking distance during follow-up were assessed using linear mixed effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At entry, 29 (14.5%) of the 200 participants had depression being treated with anti-depressant medication. Participants diagnosed with depression were more likely to be female (13 of 29, 44.8%) than those not diagnosed with depression (43 of 171, 25.1%). Over 24 months follow-up, daily step count progressively decreased in participants with depression (mean [SD] 4406 (2266) at entry to 3888 (2555) at 24 months) as compared to no change in participants without depression (mean (SD) 5271 (2526) at entry compared to 5120 (2446) at 24 months), inter-group difference p = 0.010. No significant difference in change in six-minute walking distance over 2 years was found between participants with and those without depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Depression is associated with greater decline in self-regulated walking in patients with PAD. Effective treatments for depression are needed which help promote physical activity in people with PAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels and Non-invasive Vascular Health in School-aged Children: A Study in Ogasa District, Shizuoka Prefecture.","authors":"Nanaho Hasegawa, Satoru Iwashima, Yuri Furusawa, Akinari Hayakawa, Junichiro Katuki, Satoshi Hayano, Keigo Seki, Soichiro Yata, Kenichi Kinjo, Shinichiro Sano","doi":"10.5551/jat.64795","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.64795","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The present study assessed low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in school-aged children from the Ogasa District of Shizuoka Prefecture and evaluated the utility of non-invasive vascular tests, namely flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT), in pediatric patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed the lipid test results of 8,568 students screened for prevention of lifestyle-related diseases and 78 children under 15 years old with cholesterol levels exceeding 220 mg/dL who visited Chutoen General Medical Center. We examined the LDL-C distribution from school-age screenings and conducted FMD and IMT assessments on those meeting the 2022 Pediatric FH Guidelines criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the screened students, 186 (2.2%) exhibited LDL-C levels above 140 mg/dL, including 123 fourth-graders (2.8%) and 63 first-year junior high students (1.5%). The mean LDL-C level across all students was 90.0 mg/dL (standard deviation: 21.3 mg/dL), with the 95th percentile at approximately 125.0 mg/dL. Of the 78 children who visited the hospital, 65 met the FH diagnostic criteria. In children ≥ 10 years old, no significant IMT differences were observed between the Definitive and Probable FH groups and the Possible FH group; however, a significant difference in the FMD percentage was noted between these groups (9.9% [8.1%-11.9%] vs. 14.2% [11.6%-16.3%], P=0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight the LDL-C distribution in FH screening and suggest a potential reduction in FMD in pediatric FH patients ≥ 10 years old. These results emphasize the importance of initiating pharmacological interventions in school-aged children to maintain optimal LDL-C levels for lifelong cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"321-333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883200/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Subclavian Steal Phenomenon with Prevalence of Contralateral Vertebral Artery Atherosclerotic Stenosis: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study.","authors":"Zhao Zhang, Anling Luo, Yujia Yang, Xuzi Li, Yiting Deng, Li He, Muke Zhou","doi":"10.5551/jat.65036","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>It is uncertain if there is a connection between subclavian steal phenomenon (SSP) and atherosclerotic stenosis in the opposite vertebral artery (VA). We aimed to explore the association between SSP and the incidence of contralateral vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) in vivo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective registry study, we included patients diagnosed with ＞50% stenosis of proximal subclavian artery (SA) or innominate artery (INA) by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) from our comprehensive stroke center between 2011 and 2022. VAS and SSP was diagnosed by DSA in the resting state. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted among all participants and subgroups with a 1:1 ratio according to the presence of SSP. We further conducted sensitivity analysis by dividing all participants into subgroups according to the degree of stenosis and type of SSP. Binomial logistic regression analysis was applied to investigate the association of SSP with contralateral VAS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 774 patients were included in this study and 309 (39.9%) were found with SSP. After PSM, presence of SSP was associated with lower prevalence of contralateral VAS among all participants (OR 0.45; 95% CI 0.31-0.65; p＜0.001). In subgroup analysis, the association was respectively found within left subclavian (LSA) stenosis group (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.29-0.65; P＜0.001) and right subclavian artery (RSA) / INA stenosis group (OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.19-0.69; P=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SSP is associated with lower prevalence of contralateral VAS.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"385-393"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Pharmacology of Pemafibrate Extended-release Formulation in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia-A Phase 2, Multicenter, Active-controlled, Randomized, Single-blind, Crossover study.","authors":"Shizuya Yamashita, Eiichi Araki, Hidenori Arai, Koutaro Yokote, Ryohei Tanigawa, Ayumi Saito, Hideki Suganami, Sara Minamikawa, Shun Ishibashi","doi":"10.5551/jat.65001","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of the selective PPARα modulator pemafibrate as once-daily extended-release (XR) tablets were compared with those of twice-daily immediate-release (IR) tablets in patients with hypertriglyceridemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multicenter, randomized, single-blind, active-controlled crossover, phase 2 clinical pharmacology study was performed in patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Patients were randomly assigned to IR 0.2 mg/day, XR 0.4 mg/day, or XR 0.8 mg/day before/after meals (fasted/fed) and treated for a total of eight weeks. The primary endpoint was percentage change in fasting serum triglycerides (TG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 63 randomized patients, 60 received the study drug. Patients were 78.3% male, mean age (±SD) 57.5±9.8 years, BMI 25.5±3.7 kg/m², and fasting TG 221.3±68.1 mg/dL. Fasting serum TG decreased significantly from baseline in all groups (LS mean [95% CI];-43.6 [-47.7, -39.5] % for IR 0.2 mg/day, -41.1 [-45.1, -37.0] % for XR 0.4mg/day, -39.7 [-43.8, -35.6] % for XR 0.8 mg/day), indicating that XR 0.4 and XR 0.8 mg/day were not inferior to IR 0.2 mg/day. TG-lowering effects tended to be stronger for fed than fasted administration. MRT_ss, t_max, and t_1/2 were longer for XR than for IR. Adverse events showed no major inter-group differences: 12.5% (5/40 patients) for IR 0.2, 17.5% (7/40) for XR 0.4, and 20.0% (8/40) for XR 0.8 mg/day.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with hypertriglyceridemia, XR substantially lowered TG at all doses, with maximum effectiveness at 0.4 mg/day, the dose approved in Japan, to a level comparable to IR 0.2 mg/day. There were no safety concerns up to 0.8 mg/day.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"367-384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Bempedoic Acid for Hypercholesterolemia in Japan: A Phase 2 Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Dose-Finding Trial.","authors":"Shizuya Yamashita, Hitomi Fujita, Daisuke Yokota, Yuki Morikawa-Isogai, Ryuki Kitamoto","doi":"10.5551/jat.65336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.65336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>We evaluated the efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid, an ATP-citrate lyase inhibitor, at doses of 60, 120, and 180 mg, administered for 12 weeks in conjunction with ongoing treatments (e.g., statin and/or other lipid-modifying therapy) and determined the phase 3 trial dosage in Japanese patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2b trial included patients with hypercholesterolemia at risk for cardiovascular events and an inadequate response to statins/statin intolerance. The percentage change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from baseline to week 12 was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bempedoic acid 60 mg, 120 mg, 180 mg, and placebo groups included 47, 46, 48, and 47 patients, respectively; 79% of patients had an inadequate response to statins and 21% had statin intolerance. Relative to placebo (-1.9%), LDL-C reduction from baseline to week 12 was significantly greater in the bempedoic acid treatment groups (least squares mean: 60 mg, -10.6%; 120 mg, -21.9%; 180 mg, -21.3%; p＜0.01 vs. placebo). Patients with an inadequate response and statin intolerance who were treated with bempedoic acid showed improved LDL-C levels by week 12. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was higher in the bempedoic acid-treated groups (60 mg, 57.4%; 120 mg, 54.3%; and 180 mg, 58.3%) than in the placebo group (38.3%). There was no increasing trend with increasing doses. Adverse events related to muscular and hepatic disorders were infrequent, and no new or worsening cases of diabetes were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The efficacy and safety of bempedoic acid in Japanese patients with elevated LDL-C levels were confirmed. The 180 mg dosage of bempedoic acid was found to be appropriate for a Japanese phase 3 trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of Pediatric Familial Hypercholesteremia Screening in Japan.","authors":"Toru Kikuchi","doi":"10.5551/jat.ED278","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.ED278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"306-307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Model for the Japanese Working Population: The Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study.","authors":"Huan Hu, Tohru Nakagawa, Toru Honda, Shuichiro Yamamoto, Takeshi Kochi, Hiroko Okazaki, Toshiaki Miyamoto, Takayuki Ogasawara, Naoki Gommori, Makoto Yamamoto, Maki Konishi, Yosuke Inoue, Isamu Kabe, Seitaro Dohi, Tetsuya Mizoue","doi":"10.5551/jat.64919","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.64919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to develop a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk model using data from a large occupational cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A risk prediction model was developed using the routine health checkup data of 96,117 Japanese employees (84.0% men) who were 30-64 years of age and had no CVD at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to develop a risk model for assessing the 10-year CVD risk. Measures of discrimination and calibration were used to assess the predictive performance of the model and internal validation was used to examine potential overfitting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a mean follow-up period of 6.7 years (range, 0.1-11.0 years), 422 cases of incident CVD were confirmed. The final model, which included predictor variables of age, smoking, diabetes, systolic blood pressure, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, demonstrated a good predictive ability (Harrell's C-statistic, 0.796; 95% confidence interval, 0.775-0.817) with excellent calibration between observed and predicted values. Internal validation revealed minimal overfitting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The developed model can accurately predict the 10-year CVD risk. Because it is based on routine health checkup data, the prediction model can be easily implemented in the workplace. Further studies are required to assess the external validity and transferability of the proposed CVD risk model.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"334-344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severity, Outcomes, and their Secular Changes in 33,870 Ischemic Stroke Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in a Hospital-Based Registry: Japan Stroke Data Bank.","authors":"Kazunori Toyoda, Sohei Yoshimura, Michikazu Nakai, Shinichi Wada, Kaori Miwa, Junpei Koge, Takashi Yoshida, Kenji Kamiyama, Tatsuya Mizoue, Taketo Hatano, Yasuhisa Yoshida, Yusuke Sasahara, Akiko Ishigami, Yoshitaka Iwanaga, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Kazuo Minematsu, Shotai Kobayashi, Masatoshi Koga","doi":"10.5551/jat.65117","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Severity, functional outcomes, and their secular changes in acute atrial fibrillation (AF)-associated stroke patients were determined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Acute ischemic stroke patients with AF in a hospital-based, multicenter, prospective registry from January-2000 through December-2020, were compared with those without AF. The co-primary outcomes were the initial severity assessed by the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and favorable outcome assessed by the modified Rankin Scale scores 0-2 at hospital discharge.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 142,351 patients studied, 33,870 had AF. AF patients had higher NIHSS scores (median 9 vs. 3, adjusted coefficient 5.468, 95% CI 5.354-5.582) than non-AF patients. Favorable outcome was less common in AF patients than in non-AF patients in the unadjusted analysis (48.4% vs. 70.4%), but it was more common with adjustment for the NIHSS score and other factors (adjusted OR 1.110, 95% CI 1.061-1.161). In AF patients, the NIHSS score decreased throughout the 21-year period (adjusted coefficient -0.088, 95% CI -0.115 - -0.061 per year), and the reduction was steeper than in non-AF patients (P＜0.001). In AF patients, favorable outcome became more common over the period (adjusted OR 1.018, 95% CI 1.010-1.026), and the increase was steeper than in non-AF patients (P＜0.001); the increase was no longer significant after further adjustment by reperfusion therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Initial stroke severity became milder and functional outcomes improved in AF patients over the 21-year period. These secular changes were steeper than in non-AF patients, suggesting that AF-associated stroke seemed to reap more benefit of recent development of stroke care than stroke without AF.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"308-320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142093190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}