Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis最新文献

{"title":"L-Shaped Association of 24-Hour Urine Output with 3-Month and 1-Year All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Chao-Wei Ding, Yu-Han Chen, Yan-Hong Xu, Shen-Shen Huang, Dong Ding, Jie-Xin Zhang, Yi-Min Mao, Ya-Dong Yuan, Jia-Yong Qiu","doi":"10.5551/jat.65606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5551/jat.65606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To explore the prognostic value of the first 24-h urine output (UO) after admission in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE) in the intensive-care unit (ICU) for short- and long-term all-cause mortality risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study used the MIMIC-IV database. Patients with APE were divided into 4 teams (T1-T4) by their first 24-h UO after admission: T1 (UO ≤ 400 ml), T2 (400＜UO ≤ 800 ml ), T3 (800＜UO ≤ 2500 ml), and T4 (UO＞2500 ml). The primary endpoints were the three-month and one-year all-cause mortality rates. The relationship between UO and mortality was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox proportional hazards models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 2012 patients with APE, of whom 50.75% were female. Compared to the T3 group, patients in the T1 and T2 groups had higher all-cause mortality rates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that patients in the T1 and T2 groups had a higher risk of death, while those in the T4 group seemed to have a lower risk of death (P＜0.001). The results remained stable in all three adjusted models and subgroup analyses. A restricted cubic spline analysis (RCS) revealed that the risk of all-cause mortality gradually decreased with an increase in UO, showing an \"L\"-shaped relationship. A UO of ＜1283 ml increased the risk of death in patients. Subgroup analysis indicated that the first 24-h UO was associated with 3-month and 1-year all-cause mortality rates in most subgroups of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The first 24-h UO after admission is an important indicator for the prognosis of APE patients. A lower 24-h UO is strongly related to a higher risk of short-term and long-term all-cause mortality in ICU patients with APE.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammasome Activation and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Tadayoshi Karasawa, Masafumi Takahashi","doi":"10.5551/jat.RV22033","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.RV22033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deposition of cholesterol containing cholesterol crystals and the infiltration of immune cells are features of atherosclerosis. Although the role of cholesterol crystals in the progression of atherosclerosis have long remained unclear, recent studies have clarified the involvement of cholesterol crystals in inflammatory responses. Cholesterol crystals activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, a molecular complex involved in the innate immune system. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes in macrophages cause pyroptosis, which is accompanied by the release of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-1α. Furthermore, NLRP3 inflammasome activation drives neutrophil infiltration into atherosclerotic plaques. Cholesterol crystals trigger NETosis against infiltrated neutrophils, a form of cell death characterized by the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which, in turn, prime macrophages to enhance inflammasome-mediated inflammatory responses. Colchicine, an anti-inflammatory drug effective in cardiovascular disease, is expected to inhibit cholesterol crystal-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and neutrophil infiltration. In this review, we illustrate the reinforcing cycle of inflammation that is amplified by inflammasome activation and NETosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"535-549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Large Language Models Help Healthcare?","authors":"Yoshihiro Miyamoto","doi":"10.5551/jat.ED273","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.ED273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"560-562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Diabetic Complications and Advances in Management Strategies.","authors":"Hitoshi Iwasaki, Hiroaki Yagyu, Hitoshi Shimano","doi":"10.5551/jat.65551","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65551","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is a pervasive chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It predisposes individuals to a range of severe microvascular and macrovascular complications, which drastically impact the patient's quality of life and increase mortality rates owing to various comorbidities. This extensive review explores the intricate pathophysiology underlying diabetic complications, focusing on key mechanisms, such as atherosclerosis, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. It also highlights recent therapeutic advancements, including the introduction of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, which provide benefits beyond glycemic control and offer cardiovascular and renal protection. Furthermore, the future position of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in terms of the prevention of diabetes and macrovascular diseases will be discussed. Considering the differences in insulin secretion capacity between Western and Asian patients, including Japanese patients, we propose a treatment strategy for high-quality diabetes in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"550-559"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142978488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Evidence of Causal Effect between C1q/TNF-Related Protein-1 and Atherosclerosis: a Bidirectional and Multivariate Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Juhong Pan, Jia Huang, Yueying Chen, Nan Jiang, Yuxin Guo, Ji Zhang, Shiyuan Zhou, Huan Pu, Qing Deng, Bo Hu, Qing Zhou","doi":"10.5551/jat.65313","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the causal relationship between C1q/TNF-related protein-1 (CTRP1) and atherosclerosis across various vascular sites, informed by studies connecting CTRP1 to coronary artery disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary statistics of CTRP1 from the available genome-wide association studies and atherosclerosis in classic vascular sites (including cerebral, coronary, and other arteries) from the FinnGen biobank were extracted for a primary MR analysis, and the analysis was replicated using Ischemic Stroke cohort (large artery atherosclerosis) for validation. The inverse variance-weighted method was used for primary assessment. Sensitivity analysis was performed by Cochrane's Q test and leave-one-out analysis. Potential pleiotropic effects were assessed by MR-Egger intercept and MR-PRESSO global test. Additionally, multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to investigate the independent effect of CTRP1 on atherosclerosis after removing confounding factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reliable causal evidence was found for CTRP1 involvement in three atherosclerosis endpoints: causal effects of CTRP1 on cerebral atherosclerosis (OR=1.31, CI:1.04-1.66; FDR_P=0.0222)], coronary atherosclerosis (OR=1.13, CI: 1.08-1.19; FDR_P=2.86e-07), and atherosclerosis at other sites (OR=1.06, CI:1.02-1.11; FDR_P=0.0125). The validation cohort further confirmed its causal effect on large-artery atherosclerosis (OR=1.10, CI:1.03-1.18; FDR_P=0.0115). The reverse MR analysis did not support the causal effect of atherosclerosis on CTRP1. Moreover, the MVMR analysis, adjusting for confounders (CTRP3, CTRP5, and CTRP9A), highlighted a significant independent causal effect of CTRP1 remaining on atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CTRP1 may represent a promising target for preventing and treating systemic atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"630-648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ChatGPT Responses to Clinical Questions in the Japan Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease 2022.","authors":"Takashi Hisamatsu, Mari Fukuda, Minako Kinuta, Hideyuki Kanda","doi":"10.5551/jat.65240","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Artificial intelligence is increasingly used in the medical field. We assessed the accuracy and reproducibility of responses by ChatGPT to clinical questions (CQs) in the Japan Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for Prevention Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases 2022 (JAS Guidelines 2022).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In June 2024, we assessed responses by ChatGPT (version 3.5) to CQs, including background questions (BQs) and foreground questions (FQs). Accuracy was assessed independently by three researchers using six-point Likert scales ranging from 1 (\"completely incorrect\") to 6 (\"completely correct\") by evaluating responses to CQs in Japanese or translated into English. For reproducibility assessment, responses to each CQ asked five times separately in a new chat were scored using six-point Likert scales, and Fleiss kappa coefficients were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median (25th-75th percentile) score for ChatGPT's responses to BQs and FQs was 4 (3-5) and 5 (5-6) for Japanese CQs and 5 (3-6) and 6 (5-6) for English CQs, respectively. Response scores were higher for FQs than those for BQs (P values ＜0.001 for Japanese and English). Similar response accuracy levels were observed between Japanese and English CQs (P value 0.139 for BQs and 0.586 for FQs). Kappa coefficients for reproducibility were 0.76 for BQs and 0.90 for FQs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT showed high accuracy and reproducibility in responding to JAS Guidelines 2022 CQs, especially FQs. While ChatGPT primarily reflects existing guidelines, its strength could lie in rapidly organizing and presenting relevant information, thus supporting instant and more efficient guideline interpretation and aiding in medical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"567-579"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of the Harmonization and Standardization of Lipoprotein(a) Measurements.","authors":"Kazuhiko Kotani","doi":"10.5551/jat.ED279","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.ED279","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"563-564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143458082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformational Insights on Dairy Foods beyond Saturated Fatty Acids might be Needed for Cardiovascular Health.","authors":"Hiroshi Yoshida","doi":"10.5551/jat.ED280","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.ED280","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"565-566"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055509/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Disturbed Flow Induces Superficial Erosion-Prone Lesion via Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in a DNA Methyltransferase-Dependent Manner.","authors":"Caiying Tang, Guoxia Shi, Ruyi Jia, Xueying Pei, Chao Wang, Zhuo Du, Song Li, Pingping Wan, Sibo Sun, Cong Peng, Shuang Li, Ping Sun, Bo Yu, Jiannan Dai","doi":"10.5551/jat.64990","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.64990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Superficial erosion accounts for approximately one-third of all cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Previously, we found that a nearby bifurcation is independently associated with superficial erosion; however, the effect of long-term oscillatory flow on superficial erosion remains unexplored. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is a dynamic process in which endothelial cells acquire mesenchymal properties and, in turn, give rise to smooth muscle cell (SMC)-like cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, similar to the autopsy pathology of superficial erosion. This finding prompted us to suspect that EndMT plays a role in the effect of chronic oscillatory flow on superficial erosion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established oscillatory flow in mouse carotid arteries and analyzed neointimal hyperplasia, endothelial continuity, ECM content, and EndMT markers 4 weeks later. Furthermore, bioinformatic data analyses and in vitro studies were performed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Carotid arteries exposed to long-term oscillatory flow exhibited hyperplastic neointima, reduced endothelial continuity, and increased SMC-like cells and ECM, indicating superficial erosion-prone lesions. In addition, oscillatory flow significantly induced EndMT, whereas inhibition of EndMT ameliorated the formation of superficial erosion-prone lesions. Bioinformatic data analyses and in vitro studies showed a remarkable reduction in anti-EndMT KLF2 and KLF4 in a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)-dependent manner, and the suppression of DNMTs attenuated oscillatory flow-induced EndMT and superficial erosion-prone lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic oscillatory flow causes superficial erosion-prone lesions by activating EndMT in a DNMT-dependent manner. Our findings highlight a promising therapeutic strategy for the prevention of superficial erosions.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"608-629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonization of Lipoprotein(a) Immunoassays Using A Serum Panel Value Assigned with The IFCC-Endorsed Mass Spectrometry-Based Reference Measurement Procedure as A First Step Towards Apolipoprotein Standardization.","authors":"Takashi Miida, Satoshi Hirayama, Yoshifumi Fukushima, Atsushi Hori, Satomi Ito, Masanobu Hinata, Mitsuru Wakita, Hiroki Tabata, Yoshifumi Tamura, Hirotaka Watada, Ryuzo Kawamori, Hubert W Vesper, Christa M Cobbaert","doi":"10.5551/jat.65238","DOIUrl":"10.5551/jat.65238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). The Lp(a) concentrations were inconsistent between the immunoassays. This study aimed to investigate whether harmonization of Lp(a) measurements can be achieved using a serum panel value assigned with the IFCC-endorsed mass spectrometry-based reference measurement procedure (IFCC-MS-RMP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured the Lp(a) concentrations using five Lp(a) immunoassays in 40 panel sera provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and 500 Japanese subjects enrolled in the Bunkyo Health Study. Of the five immunoassays, only the Roche Lp(a) assay was traceable to the WHO-IFCC reference material SRM2B. Lp(a) concentrations in CDC samples were also determined by IFCC-MS-RMP, provisionally calibrated to SRM2B. Lp(a) concentrations were expressed in mass units (mg/dL) for most reagents, but in SI units (nmol/L) for Roche's reagent and IFCC-MS-RMP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the CDC panel sera, all immunoassays, including Roche's reagent, showed good correlations with IFCC-MS-RMP. In the Bunkyo Health Study samples, all immunoassays showed good correlations with Roche's reagent (r_s, 0.986-0.998) although the slopes of the regression lines ranged from 0.292 to 0.579. After recalibration with the CDC's panel sera, Lp(a) results of Bunkyo Health Study samples were converted to the equivalent values determined by the IFCC-MS-RMP, thus resulting in a marked reduction in the intermethod CV among the assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We achieved harmonization of Lp(a) measurements with five immunoassays using a serum panel value assigned with the IFCC-MS-RMP.</p>","PeriodicalId":15128,"journal":{"name":"Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis","volume":" ","pages":"580-595"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142590651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}