Journal of Basic Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Substrate-Driven Microbiome Assembly in Water Hyacinth Vermicompost: Combined 16S rRNA and Shotgun Metagenomics for Sustainable Agriculture","authors":"Ragini Dalal,&nbsp;Jagruti Barot,&nbsp;Reem Binsuwaidan,&nbsp;Nawaf Alshammari,&nbsp;Mohd Adnan,&nbsp;Mitesh Patel,&nbsp;Kailash Patel","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Substrate composition is a primary determinant of microbial succession and functional dynamics in vermicomposting systems. However, comparative insights into how biomass pre-treatment influences microbial architecture and how different sequencing approaches capture these changes remain limited. In this study, evaluation was carried out on microbial community structure and metabolic potential in vermicompost derived from three forms of <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i> (water hyacinth) biomass, burnt biomass (BB), composted biomass (CB) and dry biomass (DB) using both 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenomics. All treatments were dominated by bacterial communities (&gt; 97%), with Proteobacteria (Pseudomonadota), Firmicutes (Bacillota), Actinobacteria and Bacteroidota representing core phyla across substrates. However, metagenomics revealed broader domain-level coverage, detecting Archaea and Fungi that were underrepresented in 16S datasets. Substrate-specific signatures were evident such as, composted biomass exhibited enrichment of lignin degradation and carbon cycling pathways; dry biomass showed methanogenesis, fermentation and phosphate solubilization signatures; and burnt biomass was associated with nitrogen fixation and sulphur metabolism. Shannon diversity was highest in composted biomass (<i>H</i>' = 5.21), reflecting enhanced niche diversification during substrate maturation. Comparative analysis demonstrated that 16S rRNA sequencing effectively captured dominant bacterial structure, whereas shotgun metagenomics provided superior taxonomic resolution and direct functional inference, particularly for low-abundance and non-bacterial taxa. Notably, functional differentiation among treatments was more pronounced than broad taxonomic shifts, indicating that biomass pre-treatment exerts stronger influence on ecological function than on core community composition. These findings demonstrate that integrating taxonomic and functional metagenomics enables substrate-specific optimization of vermicompost formulations and provides a framework for designing microbiome-informed strategies for sustainable agriculture and invasive biomass valorization.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Kinetic and Transcriptomic Insights Into Nano-Assisted Tandemol Biodegradation by UV-Mutagenized Pseudomonas synaxantha rhizo-25","authors":"Nyashadzashe Pascalia Masvingwe,&nbsp;Isaac A. Sanusi,&nbsp;Ajit Kumar,&nbsp;Gueguim E. B. Kana,&nbsp;Ademola O. Olaniran","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70188","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study assesses the kinetics of Tandemol lubricant degradation by <i>Pseudomonas synaxantha</i> rhizo-25 after UV treatment and nanoparticle inclusion. The degradation efficiency was assessed in terms of the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) and aromatic compounds degraded in a liquid medium containing Tandemol lubricant. The medium composition was further supplemented with nanoparticles to evaluate their impact on the process. Metabolite profiling was conducted using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), while transcriptomic analysis identified key enzymes involved in the degradation process. For TPH degradation, biodegradation rate (<i>K</i>) and half-life (<i>t</i>_1/2) values were found to be −0.39 M⁻¹day⁻¹ and 10.22 days (wildtype), and 0.013 M day⁻¹ and 9.33 days (UV-treated), respectively. For the aromatic compounds, the estimated <i>K</i> and <i>t</i>_1/2 values were −63.30 M⁻¹ day⁻¹ and 7 h (wildtype), and −0.69 day⁻¹ and 1.01 days (UV-treated). The nanoparticle supplemented aromatic degradation yielded <i>K</i> and <i>t</i>_1/2 values of −21.01 M⁻¹h⁻¹ and 0.85 h (UV-treated). Aromatic compound degradation was observed to follow the meta-cleavage pathway with terminal oxidation as an activation mechanism. Oxidoreductases, namely Cytochrome P450 and Tau D/Tfd A dioxygenase, were responsible for the primary step in the degradation pathway. Overall, these results showed that the UV treatment and the inclusion of nanoparticles enhanced biodegradation efficiency towards optimum petroleum contaminant bioremediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13386514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Nitrogen Metabolism and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Selected Cyanobacterial Strains","authors":"Anjali Singh,&nbsp;Kamakshi Saxena,&nbsp;Devendra Kumar,&nbsp;Kumud Gaur","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70184","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cyanobacteria fix nitrogen and produce antioxidant metabolites, making them excellent biological resources for sustainable agriculture. Seven cyanobacterial strains, <i>Anabaena, Westiellopsis, Nostoc, Calothrix, Phormidium, Oscillatoria</i>, and <i>Tolypothrix</i>, were tested for main nitrogen metabolism enzymes (GS, NR, GOGAT, GDH) and antioxidant defense enzymes. Quantifying activities with spectrophotometric tests created a comparative biochemical profile. The results showed continuous strain differences. <i>Phormidium</i> sp. had the highest values for nitrogen assimilation enzymes, including GOGAT (85.9 ± 2.5 nmol NADH min⁻¹ mg⁻¹ protein), GDH (43.7 ± 1.7 nmol NAD(P)H min⁻¹ mg⁻¹ protein), and antioxidant activity, including SOD (162 ± 4.5 U mg⁻¹ protein) and APX (15.3 ± 0.7 nmol min⁻¹ mg⁻¹). <i>Anabaena</i> sp. exhibited high GS activity (1.98 ± 0.06 U mg⁻¹ protein) and strong antioxidant responses (SOD 156 ± 4.2 U mg⁻¹ protein). <i>Tolypothrix</i> sp. had lower metabolic and oxidative defense capabilities, with activity levels of NR (5.8 ± 0.28 µmol NO₂⁻ h⁻¹ mg⁻¹ protein) and CAT (17.4 ± 0.7 µmol min⁻¹ mg⁻¹ protein) being the lowest nitrogen metabolism and antioxidant enzymes had high positive correlations (e.g., GS–SOD: <i>r</i> = 0.91; NR–CAT: <i>r</i> = 0.88), showing that nitrogen absorption enhances oxidative stress tolerance. Cyanobacterial strains have great biochemical variety, and <i>Phormidium</i> sp., <i>Anabaena</i> sp., and <i>Calothrix</i> sp. are promising prospects for biofertilizer production, plant stress alleviation, and other biotechnological uses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phages as Metabolic Switches in Plant-Associated Microbiomes: Implications for Climate-Smart Agriculture","authors":"Baber Ali,&nbsp;Muhammad Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Osama,&nbsp;Hamza Iftikhar,&nbsp;Pakiza Zaman,&nbsp;Mustafa Naeem Khan,&nbsp;Ayesha Imran,&nbsp;Nijat Imin,&nbsp;Zeeshan Khan","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70186","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bacteriophages constitute a regulatory layer in plant-associated microbiomes that has been systematically under-characterized relative to their ecological importance. This review advances the hypothesis that phages function as metabolic switches, alternating between lytic nutrient release and lysogenic host-fitness enhancement to govern the microbial metabolic states that determine nutrient cycling, stress responses, and microbiome stability in the rhizosphere and phyllosphere. During lytic infection, phage-driven cell lysis releases dissolved organic carbon, ammonium, and phosphate through the viral shunt, redistributing microbial biomass into forms directly accessible to plant roots and surviving microbial taxa. Lysogenic integration, by contrast, delivers prophage-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes that reprogram bacterial hosts with enhanced metabolic capacity across multiple generations without immediate cell death. Environmental stressors, include drought, salinity, temperature extremes, heavy metal contamination, and pathogen pressure remodel root exudation profiles, alter microbial metabolic bottlenecks, and shift phage life-cycle decisions through quorum-sensing-responsive and SOS-dependent switching mechanisms. These phage-mediated processes have cascading consequences for plant-relevant outcomes including nutrient uptake efficiency, oxidative stress management, phytohormone signaling, and growth-defense trade-offs mediated by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. By integrating mechanistic evidence across abiotic and biotic stress contexts, this review proposes a phage-microbe-plant metabolic axis as a unifying framework for understanding how soil virome dynamics translate into plant physiological outcomes. Practical implications for engineering phage-informed microbiomes and developing climate-resilient agricultural systems are evaluated alongside ecological risks, knowledge gaps, and priorities for field validation, virome mapping, and predictive modeling that must be addressed before phage-based interventions can be reliably deployed in crop production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zeaxanthin-Producing Winogradskyella schleiferi Strains","authors":"Aldo Betancourt Sanchez,&nbsp;Alexander Huynh,&nbsp;Laurence Blanchard,&nbsp;Arjan De Groot,&nbsp;Christophe Klopp,&nbsp;Karine Loubière,&nbsp;Caroline Andriantsiferana,&nbsp;Barbora Lajoie","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.70187","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two pigmented bacteria strains were isolated from the Mediterranean Sea. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that both strains are affiliated with <i>Winograsdskyella schleiferi</i> Z215. However, in contrast to this reference strain, they can assimilate additional carbon sources such as <span>d</span>-mannose, <span>l</span>-arabinose, <span>d</span>-mannitol, and citrate. Zeaxanthin was identified as the major carotenoid produced by both strains, predominantly in the <i>all-trans</i> configuration. Carotenoid biosynthesis kinetics revealed that pigment production commenced at the early stages of growth, with maximal yields reached between 48 and 56 h (between 1 and 1.3 mg L⁻¹). Specific production yields were 0.7 and 0.9 mg g⁻¹ for the two strains, respectively. Total carotenoid production was influenced by incubation temperature in both strains. Overall, these findings expand the scientific knowledge on carotenoid-producing marine bacteria and highlight the potential of these newly isolated strains as promising candidates for zeaxanthin biotechnological production for a wide range of novel applications ranging from feed additives to treatments for macular degeneration and melanoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.70187","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional Properties of the Gut Symbiont Enterococcus gallinarum Associated With Eudocima materna Caterpillars in Host Plant Detoxification","authors":"Arul Dhayalan,&nbsp;Sumathi Manoharan,&nbsp;Kamala Jayanthi Pagadala Damodaram","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gut symbiotic bacteria are highly dynamic and contribute to digestion, development, immunity, detoxification, and environmental adaptation in insect hosts. In fruit-sucking moths (FSM), particularly <i>Eudocima materna</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), adults are destructive frugivorous pests, whereas larvae feed exclusively on toxic plants such as <i>Tinospora cordifolia</i>. This study investigates the gut bacterial diversity of FSM larvae, with an emphasis on their role in host plant adaptation. Nine bacterial strains were isolated, including <i>Enterobacter hormaechei</i>, <i>Klebsiella aerogenes</i>, <i>Mammaliicoccus sciuri</i>, <i>Staphylococcus sciuri</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus saprophyticus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus gallinarum</i>. All isolates were subjected to biochemical profiling (sugar and carbohydrate utilization) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing against 12 antibiotics. Among them, <i>E. gallinarum</i> (strain L4), <i>S. sciuri</i>, and <i>M. sciuri</i> exhibited anti-quorum-sensing activity. Notably, <i>E. gallinarum</i> played a key role in host plant digestion and was capable of degrades a ~ 45 kDa protein present in <i>T. cordifolia</i> leaves. GC–MS analysis of methanolic extracts of <i>E. gallinarum</i> revealed several bioactive compounds, including gentamicin A, cyclo (Phe-Pro), isoisopulegol, and gougerotin. Whole-genome sequencing of strain L4 identified genes encoding degradation enzymes (alcohol dehydrogenase, phosphotriesterase), multiple antibiotic resistance genes (<i>YurZ</i>, <i>PptA</i>, <i>CatE</i>, <i>OadB</i>, <i>PycA</i>, and <i>Tdh</i>), diverse metabolic pathways, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis clusters. Subsequently, digestive and detoxification enzymes were identified, including alpha-amylase, serine protease, lipase, chitinase, pectinesterase, carboxylesterase, glutathione peroxidase, and cytochrome P450. Molecular docking analysis showed strong interactions of degradation enzymes with organophosphate insecticides, with binding scores of –6.8 kcal/mol for triazophos and –5.5 kcal/mol for quinalphos. These findings highlight the multifunctional role of <i>E. gallinarum</i> in host plant adaptation and detoxification in FSM larvae, offering new insights into microbe–insect interactions and potential microbial-based biotechnological applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148467481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation Cyanobacterial Biocontrol Agents for Crop Fungal Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms, Omics Insights, Applications, and Biosafety Considerations","authors":"Sajad Ali,&nbsp;Mohammad Shahid,&nbsp;Zaryab Shafi,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Almalki","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70181","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fungal diseases are major constraint to global crop production, causing substantial losses and increasing reliance on chemical fungicides. Cyanobacteria offers a sustainable alternative for disease managment due to their ability to produce antifungal metabolites, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), exopolysaccharides (EPS), and lytic enzymes. These bioactive molecules suppress phytopathogenic fungi by disrupting cell membranes, inhibiting virulence factors, inducing oxidative stress, and degrading cell wall components. Cyanobacteria also enhance plant defence responses by activating salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), ethylene, and nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathways, leading to upregulation of defense-related genes, including <i>PR</i> proteins, <i>PAL</i>, and <i>WRKY</i> transcription factors. Recent multi-omics approaches have provided valuable insights into biosynthetic gene clusters, regulatory networks, and metabolic pathways underlying cyanobacterial antifungal activity. Although laboratory evidence is encouraging, field application remains challenging by environmental variability and formulation limitations. Emerging advances in genome mining and synthetic biology may enhance the effectiveness of cyanobacterial biocontrol agents. This review highlights current progress in cyanobacteria-mediated management of fungal diseases, discusses biosafety considerations, and outlines future research directions for developing eco-friendly and sustainable crop protection solutions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Enzyme Production: Critical Bottlenecks and Integrated Engineering Solutions","authors":"Poulami Maji,&nbsp;Anannya Sengupta,&nbsp;Paramita Ghosh,&nbsp;Prashant Shukla","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70180","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microbial enzymes are central to numerous industrial applications, yet their large-scale production remains constrained by persistent biological and process-level limitations. These include restricted secretion capacity, insufficient operational stability, scale-up inefficiencies, and downstream processing costs that can account for 45–65% of total manufacturing expenses. This review critically examines integrated genetic, physiological, and bioprocess engineering strategies developed to overcome these interconnected bottlenecks. Comparative analysis across major enzyme classes—cellulases, proteases, lipases, and amylases—reveals both universal constraints and enzyme-specific production challenges. Quantitative benchmarks indicate that multiplex genome engineering typically delivers 3–8-fold productivity improvements in optimized strains, while adaptive laboratory evolution enhances industrial robustness by 15–30%. Process intensification and continuous production approaches reduce processing times by 40–55%, albeit with increased capital requirements, and immobilization strategies enable 50–200 operational cycles with 65–85% retention of native activity. By synthesizing advances in strain engineering, secretion optimization, fermentation design, enzyme stabilization, and downstream integration within a techno-economic framework, this review highlights how coordinated interventions yield multiplicative gains over isolated strategies. Key future directions include systems-level characterization of secretion limits, AI-assisted enzyme stability engineering, and integrated manufacturing platforms. Collectively, these insights provide practical guidance for translating laboratory advances into economically viable microbial enzyme production systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Information: Journal of Basic Microbiology. 7/2026","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.70182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jobm.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148357969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Biodegradation of Monocrotophos and Plant Growth Stimulation by Soil Bacterial Strains","authors":"Chinnadagudihundi Parashiva Harshitha,&nbsp;Hunasanalu Kuchela Narendra Kumar,&nbsp;Nagabhushana Chandra Mohana,&nbsp;Sreedharamurthy Satish","doi":"10.1002/jobm.70178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jobm.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monocrotophos (MCP) is a widely used insecticide in agriculture, but its high toxicity poses significant environmental and health risks. The biodegradation of monocrotophos by indigenous microbes is crucial in reducing its toxicity. The present study was aimed at assessing plant growth- stimulating factors and the biodegradable ability of monocrotophos of two indigenous soil bacterial strains, CAB1 and SD8, isolated from monocrotophos-contaminated agricultural soils in Mysuru and Mandya, Karnataka, India. Biodegradation was evaluated using spectroscopy and chromatography, with substrate degradation confirmed by the disappearance of the main peak in HPLC profiles and intermediate metabolites identified through FTIR and LC-MS analyses. Molecular characterization identified CAB1 as <i>Stenotrophomonas pavanii</i> (OQ861163) and SD8 as <i>Brevibacillus parabrevis</i> (OQ881083). Results showed that the two bacterial strains utilized MCP as their sole carbon source and exhibited biodegradation rates of 88% and 90%, respectively, under optimal conditions. Results further showed that <i>S. pavanii</i> CAB1 and <i>B. parabrevis</i> SD8 produced ammonia, IAA, catalase, and cellulase, and demonstrated phosphorus and zinc solubilization. The degradation ability of CAB1 and SD8 is attributed to the presence of the opd gene and the opdA gene. Trimethyl phosphate, dimethyl phosphate, cyclohexanone, 2- cyclohexylidene, oxalic acid, and isohexyl pentyl esters were the non-toxic intermediates produced during the biodegradation of MCP. The strains <i>S. pavanii</i> CAB1 and <i>B. parabrevis</i> SD8 can be employed, alongside a microbial consortium formulation, for the detoxification of hazardous pollutants in contaminated soils and promotion of plant growth.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":15101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic Microbiology","volume":"66 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}