Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research最新文献

{"title":"Immune-Related Toxicity: Not always the Culprit","authors":"Ana Cardeña Gutiérrez, D. Mínguez, Mónica Esteban García, Elena García García, X. M. Rubio","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)134","url":null,"abstract":"He was admitted into the emergency room on September 2020 due to a three-day grade 3 emesis and rapidly progressive weight loss. Complementary studies showed grade 3 immune-related gastritis, with great response to corticosteroids within 2 days of treatment. He received metilprednisolone 1mg/kg/day for one month, and then, we started corticosteroid tapering. However, we could not lower the dose from prednisone 30 mg/day because grade 2 emesis and grade 2 diarrhea appeared. We considered starting Infliximab 5 mg/kg for corticosteroid refractory immunerelated toxicity(irAEs) but we needed an endoscopic study first, as ESMO guidelines recommend [1]. Pre-antiTNF screening with viral serologies an IGRA was negative.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82120148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breakfast Preferences in Urban India: A Sensory and Consumer Perspective","authors":"J. Vora, Anuradha Dubey","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)135","url":null,"abstract":"Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. The consumption of a good breakfast is considered to kick metabolism and boosts energy levels in the body. In Urban India the socio-cultural situation is in a transit mode where people are not thinking about just having a breakfast but a healthier and wellfortified nutritious breakfast which is preferred. The study of this project is to analyse the type and preferences of breakfast that an Urban Indian familyhaves owing to the paucity of time, health benefits and many other factors. This study additionally aims at analysing the choices of ready to eat food productsover traditional home made food. It highlights the use of branded ready to eat food products like MTR foods, its availability, its marketing standards, public reviews about its variety of food products and some suggestive measures for improving on some of the marketing strategies","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"173 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91489000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dieulafoy Lesion as a Source of Bleeding: A Report of Two Clinical Cases","authors":"G. Sarafiloski, Mimi R. Marinova, P. Tonchev","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2021-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2021-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Dieulafoy’s lesion is a rare source of gastrointestinal bleeding. It can be found anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, but is most commonly seen in the proximal third of the stomach. It is a submucosal artery, adjacent to the mucosal surface, with no evidence of superficial ulcers. Lesions are routinely diagnosed and treated endoscopically. Their frequency is currently not well known, because as Dieulafoy lesions can be easily missed during endoscopy, and bleeding lesions are sometimes misidentified. In this article, we describe two cases of bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract, manifested by hematemesis and melena. Bleeding was successfully managed endoscopically by means of injection of adrenaline solution and application of an endoscopic hemoclip.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"186 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73115499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Triglyceride to HDL Cholesterol Ratio in Sera as a Clinical Surrogate Marker for Cardiovascular Risk and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome","authors":"S. Ganeva, G. Rayanova, K. Todorova, Tz. Lukanov, S. Blazheva","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2021-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2021-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The study aimed to investigate the triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol ratio (Tg/HDL) and the interaction of this ratio with insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion indices, with the levels of interleukin - 1(IL-1), interleukin-6 (Il-6), and tumour necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) in sera among patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). A prospective, cross-sectional, comparative study was conducted on 45 patients with MS without data for hyperglycemia and 21 metabolically healthy non-obese controls. The levels of fasting and postprandial glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI), total cholesterol, triglycerides (Tg), IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α were measured in all the participants. We calculated the LDL cholesterol levels, Tg/HDL ratio, homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and the homeostatic model of β-cell function (HOMA-b). Patients with MS had higher BMI (38.73±1.84 vs. 24.32±2.71 kg/m2; р<0.05) and waist circumference (115.56 ±4.7 vs. 81.1±8.4cm; р<0.05) than non-obese controls. The same patients had higher LDL cholesterol levels (3.42±0.3 vs. 2.63±0.66 mmol/l; р<0.05) and Tg (1.59±0.22 vs. 1.08±0.31mmol/l; р<0.05), as well as lower levels of HDL-cholesterol (1.03±0.09 vs. 1.27 ± 0.24mmol/l; р<0.05) compared to the controls. The Tg/HDL ratio was 2.03±0.87 among the patients with MS and 0.88±0.27 in controls; р<0.05. The plasma levels of basal IRI (19.32±3.22 mIU/l vs. 9.13±0.73mIU/l; р<0.05), HOMA-IR (4.02 vs. 1.97; р<0.05) and HOMA-b (258.77±57.76 vs. 183.31±17.52; р<0.05) were significantly higher in the MS group. The same patients with MS had higher concentrations of IL-1 (18.37±4.28pg/ml vs. 7.12±1.74pg/ml; p<0.05), IL-6 (1.01±0.3pg/ml vs. 0.1±0.3pg/ml; р<0.05) and TNF-α (2.13±1.43 pg/ml vs. 1.82±0.94pg/ml; р=0.24) too. Positive correlations between the levels of IL-1 and Tg/HDL ratio (r= 0.46; p=0.008), IL-1 and HOMA-%В (r=0.47; p=0.005) were found. The Tg/HDL ratio is a potential, cheap and available surrogate marker for screening for cardiovascular risk and insulin resistance in patients with MS in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"23 12 1","pages":"162 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89388024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicians’ Experience and Willingness to Participate in Non-Interventional Trials in Bulgaria","authors":"Emil S. Kostov, E. Grigorov, H. Lebanova","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2021-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2021-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Non-interventional studies (NIS) are conducted to obtain additional information about a medicinal product prescribed in the usual manner in compliance with the conditions determined in the marketing authorization. They are a valuable source of real-world data for the effectiveness and safety of medicines. This study aims to assess physicians‘ knowledge of non-interventional studies in Bulgaria and identify the primary factors and barriers hindering the NIS at a national level. An individual anonymous questionnaire with 16 items was distributed among physicians in inpatient and outpatient settings. The results showed that 81.3% (n=147) of the respondents have no experience with non-interventional studies. Physicians‘ willingness to participate in NIS in the future is high and independent of their previous experience. The main barriers hindering conducting NIS in Bulgaria are related to organization, the conduct and the design of the trials, and, sometimes, the investigators‘ concerns. There is a need for proper training of the researchers and expanding healthcare resources to grow the NIS sector in Bulgaria in line with the tendencies in Europe.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"146 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81437876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrahepatic Hematoma and Haemobilia after Percutaneous Liver Biopsy: A Clinical Case Report","authors":"G. Sarafiloski, Mimi R. Marinova, P. Tonchev","doi":"10.2478/jbcr-2021-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/jbcr-2021-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Assessing the severity of liver disease and predict the response to treatment in clinical practice requires the determination of the degree of inflammation progression and liver fibrosis. Percutaneous liver biopsy is the gold standard for grading and staging liver diseases. Complications are more common in the presence of vascular liver lesions, dilation of the bile ducts, ascites, or whether examination has been performed by less experienced physicians. Bleeding after liver biopsy is considered the most common cause of severe complications. Bleeding usually presents as a subcapsular or parenchymal hematoma, free intraperitoneal hemorrhage, hemobilia, or, rarely, hemothorax. The rarest of hemorrhagic complications is hemobilia, a term used to describe bleeding in the bile ducts. Hemobilia is usually suspected when there is a drop in hemoglobin after the procedure, pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, hyperbilirubinemia, and unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding. The clinical manifestations range from chronic anemia to rapid, massive bleeding with hematemesis and/or melena.","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"182 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83492117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Healthcare Education for Best Practice – A Question of which Health Professionals Between Paediatric and adult Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Patients – Topic Tagging and what is ‘Deemed’ Clinically Relevant Context – A Qualitative Perspective","authors":"Muhammad Sn, Applied Sciences-Bristol Uk, K. Orzechowska, J. Gardener, Gardner, H. Christine, A. Carson, A. McGraw, Renal Support for Kids – North East Lancashire Uk","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)131","url":null,"abstract":"Education and information seeking is pinnacle for patients with Long-Term Conditions (LTCs) like Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to take ownership of health and disease and navigate healthcare between health sectors. Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) are key to help understand gaps in health education. Aims/ Objectives: 1) Involving patients between two support groups to help understand which topics and subjects are pertinent to CKD patients; 2) Involving patients to understand whether, retrospectively there has been an educational neglect in healthcare; and 3) To understand how healthcare and education for CKD patients could be more integrated. Methods: Two PPI workshops were implemented (May and June 2019) after reviewing NIHR INVOLVE best practice guidelines. Fourteen (14) topic tags were applied over 1-month (March and April 2020) between the Renal Patient Support Group (RPSG) (est.2009) and the Kidney Disease and Renal Support (KDARs) (est.2014) for Kids platforms. Ethics: Group disclaimers encouraged informed consent. GDPR (2018) guidelines were implemented to ensure best practice surrounding confidentiality and data protection. Results: Thematic Analysis was used to highlight findings, according to over-arching themes having used Nvivo-12 software to code and help understand where there are healthcare educational inefficiencies. Five themes were identified through this study including 1) Using Different Mediums to Collect Qualitative Data and Understanding Healthcare; 2) Reliability and Validity of using the Internet to Collect Data; 3) Healthcare, Patient and Public Involvement and Maintaining Confidentiality through Online Methods to collect Qualitative Data; 4) Advantages, Disadvantages and Limitations to Online Data Collection and Peer Support Groups and 5) Using Qualitative Methodology to Understand Educational Needs for CKD Patients. Discussion: Wider Allied Health Professionals (AHPs) could increasingly find themselves taking on roles, particularly where involvement is increasingly dependent bridging educational gaps and ‘alleviating misinformation’ through technology and ‘online spaces’. Conclusion: This is the first UK retrospective study that examines educational gaps between online paediatric and adult CKD patients close to two decades (16 years), and highlights where further PPI-focused research would help understand where healthcare requires investment","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79744670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Endodontics – A Perspective Review","authors":"M. Hegde, T SembagaLakshmi","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)129","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary endodontics has seen an unprecedented advance in technology and materials. This article aimed to review some of the challenges and advances in the following sections: (1) Magnification, (2) LASER, (3) NiTi files, (4) Irrigation activation systems, and (5) CAD CAM. Jointly, these advances are aimed at improving the state of the art and science of root canal treatment and restoring the tooth back to function in the oral cavity","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74568358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Hospital Acquired Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units in Khartoum State (From April 2019 to September 2019)","authors":"Amani Ahmed, Malaz Masaad Elsheikh Elkaki, Alsadig Kamal Elemam Albadri, A. Ali","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)130","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the prevalence of nosocomial infections in intensive care unit (ICU), we performed a hospital-based study. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients were enrolled and details of risk factors and bacteriological data were obtained. Statistical analyses were performed using spss version 24. Results: seventy six patients were admitted during the study period (minimum 10 years and maximum 91 years, men 69.7%, females 30.3%). Most important comorbidities were renal tubular acidosis (23.7%), cerebro vascular accidents (15.8%), and acute kidney injury (9.2%). Antibiotics were administered in 40.8%. Bacteriological cultures were positive in 42.1% (n=32). Gram negative bacteria were common–Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.6%), pseudomonas aerogenisa (7.95%), and Streptococcus pyogenes (2.6%) Escherichia coli (1.3%), Staphylococcus aurous (1.3%) and candida (1.3%). There a high prevalence of resistance to common antibiotics. Conclusions: There is high prevalence of infections in patients in a medical ICU in Khartoum – Sudan. Gram negative bacteria are the most prevalent and resistance to antibiotics is high. Risk factors are age and multiple comorbidities","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88317664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glioma Image Analysis to Accurately Classify Mgmt and Predict Drug Effectiveness","authors":"V. Mehta","doi":"10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jcbr/2021(3)128","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma multiforme is a deadly brain cancer with a median patient survival time of 18-24 months. A single biopsy cannot provide complete assessment of the tumor’s microenvironment, making personalized care limited. 50% of the patients do not respond to the anti-cancer drug Temozolomide(TMZ) because of the over-expression of MGMT gene. Epigenetic silencing of the MGMT gene by methylation results in decreased MGMT expression, resulting in increased sensitivity to TMZ, and longer survival. The purpose of this research is to use artificial intelligence (AI) to design a low cost methodology to determine the MGMT’s methylation status and suggest non- invasive treatment plan","PeriodicalId":15099,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Research","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84311362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}