Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine最新文献

{"title":"Interactions Between Adenosine Receptors and Cordycepin (3'- Deoxyadenosine) from Cordyceps Militaris: Possible Pharmacological Mechanisms for Protection of the Brain and the Amelioration of Covid-19 Pneumonia","authors":"Jing Du, Weijing Kan, Hongkun Bao, Yue Jia, Jian Yang, Hongxiao Jia","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280035","url":null,"abstract":"At present, the novel Covid-19 pneumonia is prevalent, affecting millions of people. Here, we summarized the pharmacological basis of adenosine, adenosine receptors, adenosine agonist cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), and Cordyceps product in the brain protection and amelioration of pneumonia to provide useful information to cope with the global pandemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Adenosine, a mediator of innate immunity, is abundantly secreted by the injured lung tissues during inflammation. Through the activation of adenosine receptors A1, A2A, A2B and A3, adenosine plays an important role in protecting against acute lung injury and brain injury. Cordycepin (3-deoxyadenosine) is an activator of adenosine receptors. It can enhance human immunity, promote anti-inflammatory processes, inhibit RNA virus reproduction, protect against brain, lung, liver, heart, and kidney damage, and ameliorate lung-fibrosis in clinical and animal models. Cordyceps and cordycepin products could be used as a potential medicinal adenosine receptor agonist that can play a beneficial role in the amelioration of Covid-19 pneumonia and protection of brain.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79990192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Biotechnology and Ties with Chemical Engineering","authors":"Seyed Nezameddin Ashrafizadeh, Z. Seifollahi","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87151488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Observation of MDA-MB-231 Cell Vitality in Mice Upon 266-nm Laser Irradiation","authors":"Ray-Ling Hsiao, Ying-chun Chen, Chiang-Yun Chen, Yu-Wei Lin, Chung-Yi Wu","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280042","url":null,"abstract":"In this innovative experiment, MDA-MB-231 cells were irradiated with a 266-nm laser for 5s, and then injected into NOD/SCID mice. The survival rate of the experimental mice was significantly reduced compared to that of the control mice (p=0.029), which also indicated the vitality of the experimental cells in vivo. The enhancement effect of a 266-nm laser on cells in xenotransplantation after 5 s of exposure was studied for the first time in this study. The findings of this study provide potential for future live cell therapies.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73618621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Similarities and Differences of HIV and SARS Cov-2; Open Questions Relevant for COVID-19 Disease","authors":"E. Žerovnik","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280041","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is written from an educated bio-scientist’ perspective who follows studies about COVID-19 in order to better understand some relevant questions about the disease and vaccination. I first pose myself a question about similarities and differences of SARS CoV-2 and HIV viruses. After the available literature search this idea was soon confirmed. Several papers have appeared where authors discuss similarities and differences between HIV and SARS CoV-2. I later come across some open questions on SARS CoV-2, which do or do not have clear answers. I discuss these questions; among them are some about the current vaccines. In my opinion, the hot questions should be addressed as getting clear answers will bring more understanding of the matter and could help in future endeavors.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80740099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compressibility Studies of Olive Oil","authors":"Pawlicki Lt, Siegoczynski Rm, Ptasznik S, Marszalek K","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"52 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77382685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Artificial Heart Valve Considering Open State of Cardiac Cycle","authors":"S. H. Marwan, M. Todo","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280039","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic finite element method with the fluid-structure interaction was used to investigate the deformation behavior of a newly developed artificial heart valve. To reproduce the opening movements of tri-leaflets of the valve during the half cardiac cycle, a time-dependent blood velocity was used as the boundary condition of the fluid domain. The nonslip boundary condition was also chosen for the tri-leaflets to ensure the viscous effect between the blood and the leaflet surfaces, while the free slip boundary condition was chosen for the cylindrical wall to ignore such viscous effect. The valve was assumed to be made from a natural tissue and a linear elastic material was assumed as the material model. The blood was assumed to be incompressible and Newtonian fluid. It was found that the valve was easily open when it came into contact with blood flow, taking only 0.3 seconds to go from fully closed to fully open. The blood flow was also found to be stable with a laminar state and free of turbulence.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"BC-23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84940850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modelling projections versus the actual course of the COVID-19 epidemic following the nationwide lockdown in Kyrgyzstan","authors":"Ainura Moldokmatova, Aida Estebesova, Aizhan Dooronbekova, C. Zhumalieva, Aibek Mukambetov, T. Abdyldaev, Aisuluu Kubatova, S. Ibragimov, N. Usenbaev, Ainura Kutmanova, Lisa J. White","doi":"10.1101/2020.12.10.20247247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.10.20247247","url":null,"abstract":"Kyrgyzstan was placed under a two-month, nationwide lockdown due to the COVID-19 epidemic, starting on March 25, 2020. Given the highly disruptive effects of the lockdown on the national economy and lives of people, the government decided not to extend lockdown beyond the initially planned date of May 10, 2020. The strategy chosen by the government was close to the input parameters of our model baseline scenario (full lockdown release) which we presented to policymakers in April 2020, along with various other hypothetical scenarios with managed lockdown release options. To explore whether our model could accurately predict the actual course of the epidemic following the release of lockdown, we compared the outputs of the baseline scenario, such as new cases, deaths, and demand for and occupancy of hospital beds, with actual official reports. Our analysis revealed that the model could accurately predict the timing of the epidemic peak, with a difference of just two weeks, although the magnitude of the peak was overestimated compared with the official statistics. However, it is important to note that the accuracy of the official reports remains debatable, so outputs relating to the size of the epidemic and related pressures on the health system will need to be updated if new evidence becomes available.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"214 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90251700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Selection Footprint in Novel Coronavirus: A Genomic Perspective of SARS-COV2 Pandemic and Hypothesis for Peptide-Based Vaccine","authors":"Mojtaba Mohammadnezhad Leila La Manna Marco Pio Dieli Fran ShekarkarAzgomi, L. Mohammadnezhad, M. P. Manna, F. Dieli, N. Caccamo","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3681983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3681983","url":null,"abstract":"We retrospective analyzed in silico the binding affinity of SARS-CoV-2 peptides to MHC class I HLA-A, -B, and –C molecules in different countries with high and low morbidity and mortality rates. We used bioinformatics approach to screen 18260 SARS-CoV-2 epitopes that have significant affinity for different MHC class I alleles and found approximately five thousand predicted nonamers to bind different alleles. Those predicted epitopes show different significant affinity for frequently occurring MHC I alleles. regarding to HLA frequencies within different populations that can vary due to differences in their evolutionary histories, we showed that those alleles have different correlation with SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 22 country based on different mortality and morbidity rate.     There was a strong negative correlation between morbidity and mortality rates and the frequency of HLA-A*24, HLA-C*06 and HLA-B*5, while a strong positive correlation is detected between HLA-A*02, HLA-B*38, HLA-C*04 and HLA-C*08. We speculate that HLA class I polymorphism, by governing the set of viral peptides presented to CD8 + T cells, influences the outcome of SARS-Cov-2 infection. Finally, we were able to draw a foot print of natural selection on MHC I alleles base on significant different affinity of predicted peptide for known alleles. Our data showed that the HLA class I genetic background and the study epitope prediction should be taken into account for the generation of epitope-based vaccine or diagnostic tools. \u0000 \u0000Funding: This work was supported by grants from the European Commission within the Horizon2020 Programmed TBVAC2020 [Horizon 2020 cod 643381]. \u0000 \u0000Conflict of Interest: All the authors declare that no conflict of interests exist.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90199240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of novel missense mutations in a large number of recent SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences","authors":"H. Cai, Kimberly K. Cai, Julang Li","doi":"10.20944/preprints202004.0482.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202004.0482.v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background. SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread to over 200 countries since it was first reported in December of 2019. Significant country-specific variations in infection and mortality rate have been noted. Although country-specific differences in public health response have had a large impact on infection rate control, it is currently unclear as to whether evolution of the virus itself has also contributed to variations in infection and mortality rate. Previous studies on SARS-CoV-2 mutations were based on the analysis of ~ 160 SARS-CoV-2 sequences available until mid-February 2020. 2, 3, 4, 5 By mid-April, > 550 SARS-CoV-2 sequences had been deposited in GenBank, and over 8,200 in the GISAID database. Methods. We performed a sequence analysis on 474 SARS-CoV-2 genomes submitted to GenBank up to April 11, 2020 by multiple alignment using Map to a Reference Assembly and Variants/SNP identification. The results were verified on a larger scale, 8,126 hCoV-19 (SARS-CoV-2) sequences from GISAID database. Results. We identified 5 recently emerged mutations in many isolates (up to 40%). Our analysis highlights 5 frequent new mutations that have emerged since late February 2020. These mutations are: one each missense (non-synonymous) mutation in orf1ab (C1059T), orf3 (G25563T) and orf8 (C27964T), one in 5’UTR (C241T), one in a non-coding region (G29553A). The final mutation (G29553A) was found to be almost exclusive to the US isolates. The first 3 mutations are non-synonymous, leading to amino acid substitutions in the viral protein sequence. Except for C241T, all the novel mutations identified are absent in the isolates from Italy and Spain in the SARS-CoV-2 genomes deposited in GenBank and GISAID. Conclusion. The results of current study indicate that new mutations are emerging as COVID-19 pandemic are spreading to different countries and that geography specific mutants exist. The findings of current study lay the foundation for further investigation into the impact of SARS-CoV-2 mutations on disease incidence, severity, and host immune response. In addition, it may also provide insights into vaccine development and serological response detection for the virus.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80563476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA as a Drug Target and its Tools and Databases","authors":"Nikita Chordia, Anil Kumar","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-9128005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-9128005","url":null,"abstract":"Earlier, during 19th century, there was a concept that RNA is a passive carrier of genetic information. However, with advancement, now it is well established that RNA performs a number of vital roles in the cell, and its malfunction may lead to a disease. The recent advancement in the knowledge about diversity, structural and functional information related to RNAs has put them in the lime light as a drug target. Here, in this mini-review, discussion has been done that coding as well as non-coding RNA regions have potential as a drug target. Besides, a few databases and tools used for the RNA target prediction have also been discussed.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80862807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}