Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine最新文献_第9页

Utilizing Discoveries in Microbiology 利用微生物学的新发现

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280016

G. Strobel

引用次数: 1

Innovation an Eco Friendly Technology: Tanning System using Semi Chrome and Improved Indigenous Tannins (Acacia Nilotica Pods) 创新环保技术:使用半铬和改良的本土单宁(尼罗卡相思豆荚)的制革系统

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/JBB.2642-9128006

A HajAliAlim, Gasm elseed Ga, A. Ae

引用次数: 3

Non-enzymatic Methylation of Cytosine in RNA by S-adenosylmethionine and Implications for the Evolution of Translation s -腺苷甲硫氨酸对RNA中胞嘧啶的非酶甲基化及其对翻译进化的意义

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/JBB.2642-9128009

Bruce Kowiatek

{"title":"Non-enzymatic Methylation of Cytosine in RNA by S-adenosylmethionine and Implications for the Evolution of Translation","authors":"Bruce Kowiatek","doi":"10.26502/JBB.2642-9128009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/JBB.2642-9128009","url":null,"abstract":"The non-enzymatic methylation of cytosine (C) to form 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by the intracellular methyl group donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), resulting in S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) and minor thymine (T) via spontaneous deamination, implicated in certain point mutagenic cancers, has been widely known since the 1980s, as has the proposed Watson-Crick mechanism of the adenine (A) moiety of SAM base-pairing with T or uracil (U). Such analogous base-pairing and non-enzymatic methylation in ribonucleic acid (RNA), however, has not been as widely addressed, particularly with respect to the origins and evolution of the process of translation initiation in the context of the hypothesized RNA world that preceded the current DNA-protein world. It is posited here, with spectrophotometric evidence put forth, that such base-pairing and non-enzymatic methylation with subsequent deamination in RNA may constitute a rudimentary form of metabolism and self-replication with implications for the origins and evolution of translation initiation, possibly including the origin and evolution of the transfer RNA (tRNA) molecule.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85736819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cytokine Responses in the Blood and Pleural Fluid of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with and without HIV-1 Co-infection 合并和不合并HIV-1感染的肺结核患者血液和胸膜液中的细胞因子反应

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/JBB.2642-91280010

M. K. Bhopale, H. Shah, Babu Lal Bamboria, A. Julka, I. Patel, V. K. Mahadik, M. Purohit

{"title":"Cytokine Responses in the Blood and Pleural Fluid of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with and without HIV-1 Co-infection","authors":"M. K. Bhopale, H. Shah, Babu Lal Bamboria, A. Julka, I. Patel, V. K. Mahadik, M. Purohit","doi":"10.26502/JBB.2642-91280010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/JBB.2642-91280010","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is an opportunistic infectious disease with more severe forms in HIV-1 infected patients. The aim of the present study is to investigate the role of IFN-γ in the other cytokines belonging to Th1, Th17, Th22, and Th3 groups and CD4+ cell counts in the HIV-1 infection in patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clinically diagnosed patients of HIV-1, TB and HIV-1 co-infected with TB (HIV-1+TB) groups were selected to test IFN-γ IL-17, IL-22, TGF-β, and also CD4 counts in the blood for the study. Our results showed that IFN-γ and IL-17 cytokines were higher in HIV-1 and TB patients in serum when compared with healthy normal subjects, but there was an insignificant difference when compared with those in HIV-1+TB with TB patients’ samples. Pleural fluid samples of the HIV-1+TB patients showed significantly higher in IL-22 and IFN-γ cytokines than in TB patients, whereas IL-17 showed insignificant differences. CD4+ cells were counted in the blood of HIV-1, TB, and HIV-1+TB patients, however, the results showed that the counts were significantly lower than in the healthy normal group. There was a significantly lower CD4+ count in HIV-1+TB co-infected patients compared to TB patients, but not with HIV-1 patients. The present study suggests that IFN-γ and IL-17 play a significant role individually in HIV-1 and tuberculosis infected patients and IL-22 in pleural fluid in tuberculosis, which differs from those in HIV1 co-infected tuberculosis patients due to the severely affected immune system.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83767173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Altered Microbiota-GALT Communication in IBD and ASD: Changes in IELs and AhR/ARNT Gene Polymorphism IBD和ASD中微生物- galt通讯的改变:IELs和AhR/ARNT基因多态性的变化

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280018

E. Sajdel-Sulkowska

{"title":"Altered Microbiota-GALT Communication in IBD and ASD: Changes in IELs and AhR/ARNT Gene Polymorphism","authors":"E. Sajdel-Sulkowska","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280018","url":null,"abstract":"Growing recognition of the microbiota and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) as a significant component of human health calls for a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the host-microbiota interactions. The communication between the microbiota in the external milieu of the gut lumen and the host across the gastrointestinal barrier (GIB) involves recognition, selective response to the commensal vs. the pathogenic microorganisms and antigens, and adaptation, and is orchestrated by the GALT. In health, GALT assures GIB integrity and microbiota symbiosis; in disease, altered GALT's functions compromise GIB integrity and lead to dysbiosis associated with gastrointestinal immune pathologies such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). These pathologies are often accompanied by a \"leaky gut syndrome\" defined as increased intestinal permeability to pathogens. This review focuses on the microbiota-GALT communication involving intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) and their aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs). It posits that changes in the IELs or their aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhRs) jeopardizes GIB integrity and contribute to pathologies such as IBD and ASD. Hence, AhRs activity is regulated by the antiinflammatory dietary ligands present in cruciferous vegetables and fruits, further research is warranted into diet-derived immunotherapies targeting both gastrointestinal immune and neurodevelopmental disorders.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75171694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Biochemical Characterization of L-Asparaginases from Four Species of Lactic Acid Bacteria 四种乳酸菌l -天冬酰胺酶的比较生化特性

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280015

Kodchakorn Phetsri, M. Furukawa, R. Yamashiro, Y. Kawamura, J. Hayashi, Ryuta Tobe, Y. Toyotake, M. Wakayama

{"title":"Comparative Biochemical Characterization of L-Asparaginases from Four Species of Lactic Acid Bacteria","authors":"Kodchakorn Phetsri, M. Furukawa, R. Yamashiro, Y. Kawamura, J. Hayashi, Ryuta Tobe, Y. Toyotake, M. Wakayama","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280015","url":null,"abstract":"L-Asparaginase (ASNase; EC 3.5.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-asparagine to L-aspartic acid and ammonia. Generally, ASNases from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi are used for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, few studies focusing on ASNase from lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been reported. The aim of this study is to characterize ASNase genes from four LAB strains: Streptococcus thermophiles, Lactobacillus plantarum, L. acidophilus, and L. sakei. ASNase genes from each strain amplified by polymerase chain reaction PCR were inserted into NdeI and XhoI sites of pET28a-(+) and cloned in E. coli BL21(DE3). Recombinant ASNases were purified using nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid column chromatography. Among the four strains, the purified recombinant ASNase from S. thermophilus exhibited the highest specific activity of 113.0 U/mg and specificity for L-asparagine. The pH and temperature ranges for S. thermophilus ASNase were pH 8.0-9.0 and 30°C-50°C, respectively. The activity of the enzyme was significantly inhibited by Ni2+. Km and kcat values were 2.91 mM and 1.53 × 102 s–1, respectively. In this study, we described the biochemical properties of ASNases from four LAB and demonstrated that ASNase from S. thermophilus has potential applications in food processing.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80208867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

VERION vs IOLMaster: Which is More Accurate in Predicting Post-op Spherical Equivalent Outcomes for Phacoemulsification with IOL Implant Surgery? VERION vs IOLMaster:哪个更准确地预测人工晶状体植入术后晶状体等效结果?

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280020

A. Sachdev, S. Madge

{"title":"VERION vs IOLMaster: Which is More Accurate in Predicting Post-op Spherical Equivalent Outcomes for Phacoemulsification with IOL Implant Surgery?","authors":"A. Sachdev, S. Madge","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280020","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The authors aimed to analyse the accuracy in post-operative spherical equivalent outcomes for intraocular lenses implanted for both IOLMaster and VERION systems. Methods: A retrospective audit was carried out of 80 sequential eyes of patients who had cataract surgery using AMO Tecnis monofocal lenses under the care of the senior author using both the IOLMaster and VERION systems from March 2017-November 2017 at Nuffield Health Hereford. A database was used to analyse the results. The patients were measured using both the IOLMaster and VERION systems and the pre-operative spherical predictions were obtained. The actual post-operative spherical equivalent was calculated from the post-operative refraction data and compared to the predictive spherical outcome values using the SRK/T formula for both the IOLMaster and VERION systems. A paired T-test was performed to calculate the statistical significance of the results. Results: There was a mean difference of -0.0496D (95% CI -0.143 to 0.0439) in the post-operative spherical equivalent outcome compared to the IOLMaster prediction and a mean difference of -0.0464D (95% CI -0.14 to 0.0476) compared to the VERION prediction. The range of differences in the post-operative spherical equivalent outcomes was -1.255 to +0.935D compared to the IOLMaster predictions, and -1.305 to +0.89D compared to the VERION predictions. These results did not differ significantly (p >0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in accuracy between the two systems. In addition to its role in astigmatism management, the VERION may be used to help refine postoperative spherical refractive predictions from the IOLMaster.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87088033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Virus-Host Coevolution as a Tool for Controlling Bacterial Resistance to Phage Therapy 病毒-宿主协同进化作为控制细菌对噬菌体治疗耐药性的工具

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280013

Ezequiel Monferrer, P. Domingo-Calap

引用次数: 5

The Cancer Epigenome: A Review 癌症表观基因组:综述

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280011

J. Marcum

引用次数: 5

Selective Inhibition of Intracellular Kv1.3 Potassium Channels by Lentivirus-Mediated Expression of Agitoxin 慢病毒介导的Agitoxin表达对细胞内Kv1.3钾通道的选择性抑制

Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/jbb.2642-91280012

J. Yang, Takeshi Suzuki, Maya Mikami

{"title":"Selective Inhibition of Intracellular Kv1.3 Potassium Channels by Lentivirus-Mediated Expression of Agitoxin","authors":"J. Yang, Takeshi Suzuki, Maya Mikami","doi":"10.26502/jbb.2642-91280012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/jbb.2642-91280012","url":null,"abstract":"Non-plasma membrane Kv1.3 voltage-gated potassium channels, particularly those localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane, is pro-survival in that inhibition of these channels enhances apoptosis of cancer cells. Paradoxically, cells that lack Kv1.3 show resistance to cytotoxic agents suggesting a pro-death role of the same channels. Currently reported genetic and pharmacological reagents block both plasma membrane and intracellular Kv1.3 and lack absolute selectivity for intracellular Kv1.3. We designed a lentivirus for intracellular expression of the Kv1.3-selective peptide toxin agitoxin and created a Jurkat lymphocyte cell line that constitutively expressed intracellular agitoxin to selectively inhibit intracellular Kv1.3. Agitoxin-expressing Jurkat cells demonstrated relative resistance to cytokine-induced apoptosis, whereas direct extracellular application of agitoxin, or control cells expressing EGFP alone, failed to demonstrate this cyto- protection. We concluded that the intracellular Kv1.3 served a pro-death role, and a selective inhibition of this target reduced lymphocyte apoptosis by cytokine stimulation as reported previously for Kv1.3-null cells.","PeriodicalId":15066,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biotechnology and Biomedicine","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80358567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0