Journal of Biological Rhythms最新文献

{"title":"Sex- and Ethnic Differences in the Cross-sectional Association Between Sleep Regularity and Obesity Among US Adults, NHANES 2011-2014.","authors":"Jürgen Degenfellner, Eva S Schernhammer, Susanne Strohmaier","doi":"10.1177/07487304251391267","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251391267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a major public health concern, with disparities across racial and sex groups. While sleep duration has been extensively studied in relation to obesity, the role of sleep regularity remains less explored. In 2 nationally representative samples of US adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011/2012 & 2013/2014, <i>n</i> = 7085), we investigated the cross-sectional association between a sleep regularity index (SRI) derived from accelerometer data and obesity measures. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body roundness index (BRI), total fat mass, sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), sagittal abdominal diameter to height ratio (SADHtR), fat mass index (FMI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were derived from NHANES body measures. Multivariable-adjusted regression models were used to estimate multiplication factors (MF) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) comparing mean BMI across quintiles of SRI and to test for effect modification by sex and ethnicity. Higher SRI was associated with significantly lower BMI (MF SRI_Q5vs.Q1: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.91-0.94; <i>P</i>_trend < 0.001), translating into 8% lower BMI among those with most versus least regular sleep. This association was more pronounced among women than men (MF SRI_Q5vs.Q1 women: 0.92; 95% CI, 0.90-0.95; men: 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96-1.00), with strongest effects in non-Hispanic White and other/multi-racial women (<i>P</i>_interaction < 0.001). Similar inverse associations were observed for all other obesity measures. In conclusion, sleep regularity, measured by the SRI, was inversely associated with BMI and any other obesity measures. The observed disparities suggest sleep regularity may contribute differentially to obesity risk by sex and race/ethnicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"205-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7618617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145774620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhythmicity of TOR (Target of Rapamycin) Activity Supports Circadian Function in <i>Neurospora crassa</i>.","authors":"Golnoush Akhtari, Milad Falahat Chian, Ethan Myles Sooklal, Patricia Lakin-Thomas","doi":"10.1177/07487304251393577","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251393577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circadian (24 h) rhythmicity is a nearly-ubiquitous property of eukaryotic cells, and the mechanisms that generate this rhythmicity have been studied in a number of organisms for many years. However, there are still gaps in our understanding of the generation and regulation of rhythms. Although transcription/translation feedback loops (TTFLs) are said to be essential to generating rhythmicity in eukaryotes, there are many examples of rhythmicity seen in organisms without functioning TTFLs. Our lab previously found that two genes that function in the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway, <i>vta</i> and <i>gtr2</i>, are essential for non-TTFL rhythmicity in the fungus <i>Neurospora crassa.</i> These two mutants were also shown to dampen the output rhythm of spore-formation (conidiation) and the rhythm of the TTFL component protein FRQ, and dampen the amplitude of the underlying oscillator in strains with functioning TTFLs. Therefore, we are interested in the role of TOR in generating and/or sustaining rhythmicity in both the presence and absence of a functioning TTFL. Here we report the development and validation of an improved assay for TOR activity in <i>Neurospora</i>, and using this assay we demonstrate that TOR activity displays circadian rhythmicity in strains with functioning TTFLs. The period of TOR rhythmicity is affected by a long-period mutation in a TTFL component (<i>frq⁷</i>), and the TOR rhythm is dampened in the <i>vta</i> and <i>gtr2</i> knockouts. The mean level of TOR activity (mesor) in the <i>vta</i> and <i>gtr2</i> knockout mutants is within the range of the TOR rhythm in wild type, indicating that it is rhythmicity of TOR, not a constant level of activity, that is required to sustain output rhythmicity. These results establish <i>Neurospora</i> as a valuable model for investigating the role of TOR in circadian rhythmicity and implicate TOR activity as a rhythmic state variable of the circadian system.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"259-277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12966361/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145863182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selection for the Timing of Adult Emergence Leads to Evolution in the Molecular Circadian Clock and Its Light Input Pathway in <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Populations.","authors":"Ashvitha Balaji, E H Sreelakhsmi, Nisha N Kannan","doi":"10.1177/07487304251378197","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251378197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The light input pathways and the molecular clock are tightly linked, with light serving as the most potent zeitgeber that entrains the clock to the external environment. Our present study focuses on the <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> populations that have evolved with a precise circadian clock as a correlated response to selection for adult emergence in a narrow window of time over 335 generations. The results of our study showed that flies from populations selected for the timing of adult emergence sleep more during the night phase compared to controls. This sleep was even more enhanced when the light intensity was reduced to 1 lux under a 12 h light:12 h dark cycle. In addition, a significantly higher percentage of these flies exhibited free-running period rather than arrhythmicity compared to the control flies under constant light (1 lux). Moreover, the larvae from selected populations exhibited an increased preference toward darkness than light indicating that the effect of selection extends beyond the adult circadian light input pathway, influencing the innate circadian regulated photobehavior in larvae. We examined the transcript oscillation of the circadian photoreceptor <i>cryptochrome</i> (<i>cry</i>), along with the core clock genes <i>period</i> (<i>per</i>) and <i>timeless</i> (<i>tim</i>) in adult flies to explore the molecular basis of the evolved precise circadian clocks and to determine whether selection influences the circadian light input pathway. Flies from the selected population exhibited a phase advance in the transcript oscillation of <i>per</i>, <i>tim</i>, and <i>cry</i>, indicating that the molecular circadian clock and its light input pathway evolve as a correlated response to the selection for the timing of adult emergence in <i>D. melanogaster</i> populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"94-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145389816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beginning Life at 40.","authors":"Erik D Herzog","doi":"10.1177/07487304251401884","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251401884","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145714468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian Phase Estimation From Ambulatory Wearables With Particle Filtering: Accuracy Depends on Initialization, Recording Duration, and Light Exposure.","authors":"Lara Weed, Arec Jamgochian, Melissa A St Hilaire, Philip Cheng, Mykel J Kochenderfer, Jamie M Zeitzer","doi":"10.1177/07487304251392289","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251392289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While current mathematical models of human circadian rhythms accurately predict circadian phase responses to light in controlled laboratory experiments, they show reduced performance in the real world, especially among shift workers with irregular schedules and downstream erratic light diets. The source of the discrepancy between in-laboratory and ambulatory performance remains unclear. We evaluate the impact of initialization strategy, recording duration, and light exposure characteristics on model performance using wearable data from both individuals on regular schedules and shift workers. We implement a probabilistic initialization framework to account for unknown starting phase and assess model performance in prediction of phase from light input data against an in-lab measure of circadian phase (dim light melatonin onset). In participants with regular schedules, accuracy improved with longer recordings, while shift workers show no accuracy gains when having more nights of data. Light exposure patterns differed significantly between groups, with brighter and more regular day-to-day light exposure being weakly to moderately associated with improved model estimates, whereas fragmented patterns of light exposure increased uncertainty. These findings suggest that current models require adaptation, particularly in light sensitivity, to generalize to free-living, irregular conditions and support robust, scalable circadian tracking in real-world populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"42-52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12694990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TRITHORAX and HSP68 Regulate Clock Gene Transcription in the Drosophila Transcriptional Feedback Loop.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Paul E Hardin, Christine Merlin","doi":"10.1177/07487304251386708","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251386708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The circadian clock in eukaryotes keeps time via transcriptional feedback loops. In the transcriptional feedback loop of animals, CLOCK activator complexes drive expression of PER repressor complex components which feedback to inhibit CLOCK activation until PER complexes are degraded, thus initiating the next round of CLOCK activation ~24 h later. Recently, we showed that a region of monarch CLOCK (CLK) analogous to that encoded by mammalian CLOCK exon 19 (CLKe19r) and the methyltransferase TRITHORAX (TRX) are required for CLK activation, PER-CLK binding, and PER repression and that TRX-dependent methylation of Heat Shock Protein 68 (HSP68) at arginine 45 (R45) is necessary for PER-CLK binding and PER repression. Given that CLK activation and PER repression complexes in Drosophila are comprised of different core components than in monarchs, we tested whether similar mechanisms are used for CLK activation and PER repression in Drosophila. We found that the CLKe19r, TRX and HSP68 are all required for CLK activation yet only HSP68, but not HSP68 R45 methylation, is required for PER repression in Drosophila. These results reveal a well-conserved CLK activation mechanism and a PER repression mechanism that retains HSP68 function but does not require TRX-dependent methylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"111-121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12804414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145648567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Chronotype to Chronotope.","authors":"Diego A Golombek","doi":"10.1177/07487304251398284","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251398284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145714391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Looking Back at JBR 2020-2025.","authors":"Mary Harrington","doi":"10.1177/07487304251414197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07487304251414197","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":"41 1","pages":"5-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146041038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-Dependent Metabolic Response in Sepsis Severity: The Influence of Glucose in the Disease Outcome.","authors":"Camila Agustina Senna, Malena Lis Mul Fedele, Ignacio Aiello, Guido Hokama, Diego Golombek, Natalia Paladino","doi":"10.1177/07487304251378607","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251378607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis is a syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to pathogens, representing the leading cause of death from infection. Various murine models of sepsis have shown a time-dependent response based on the time of induction. Mice stimulated with high doses of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at the end of the day exhibit a higher mortality rate (~80%) compared with those inoculated in the middle of the night (~30%). In this work, we assessed the differences in serum proteins of septic mice during the day and night. Through this proteomic study, we found significant variations in metabolic pathways, including glucose metabolism, which were associated with a better prognosis. Therefore, we studied the glucose response to LPS during the day and night. In this context, we found an early peak of LPS-induced glucose exclusively at the time of worse prognosis. We also observed a hypoglycemic response to LPS, which was independent of the time of sepsis induction. Finally, we performed a set of metabolic manipulations to study how hyperglycemia influences sepsis severity in mice. We observed that suppressing the glucose peak during the day, through metformin administration, reduced sepsis severity. In contrast, nocturnal glucose administration with LPS was rapidly metabolized and also decreased sepsis severity. In conclusion, sepsis severity may be influenced by the metabolic state at the time of the stimulus. Metabolic rhythms could lead to differences in early glucose management, affecting the outcome of this pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"53-67"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145431505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in Soil Temperature Predicts Small Seasonal Shifts in Daily Activity Patterns of a Social Subterranean Rodent.","authors":"Kyle T Finn, Yannick Francioli, Jack Thorley, Markus Zöttl","doi":"10.1177/07487304251378606","DOIUrl":"10.1177/07487304251378606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animals often show distinct activity rhythms which may align their behavior with favorable environmental conditions. In terrestrial species, daily and seasonal activity patterns are largely influenced by changes in photoperiod and temperature. However, subterranean animals experience weak or absent environmental variation due to minimal light exposure and reduced daily temperature fluctuations. Despite these conditions, many subterranean rodents display pronounced diel rhythms in physiological processes and locomotor activity, though the extent of seasonal variation remains unclear. In this study, we used radio frequency identification technology on wild groups of subterranean Damaraland mole-rats to assess their daily activity patterns. Our results show a population-wide daily activity peak around midday, which coincides with the minimum temperature at nesting depths and increasing temperature at foraging depths. The timing of this peak shifts by approximately 2 h between seasons. Neither individual nor group characteristics predicted the occurrence and timing of the activity peak, suggesting that temperature fluctuations, rather than social factors, are the main driver of seasonal variation in activity timing. Although Damaraland mole-rats remain active at low levels throughout the day, they display clear diurnal foraging rhythms at the group level that change little across seasons.</p>","PeriodicalId":15056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Rhythms","volume":" ","pages":"68-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12804433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145512903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}