Journal of Applied Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Modern Breeding Technologies for Fall Armyworm Management in Maize in Eastern Africa","authors":"Lillian Noela Wesonga,&nbsp;Daniel Kwadjo Dzidzienyo,&nbsp;Wilfred Abincha,&nbsp;Beatrice Elohor Ifie,&nbsp;Mwimali Murenga","doi":"10.1111/jen.70083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> J.E. Smith) (FAW) is a major pest in maize farming. In 2017, the FAW infestation rate in maize fields was reported to be 100% in Kenya, 93%–100% in Tanzania, and 33%–100% in Ethiopia. Management of this pest is challenging due to its wide range of host plants, rapid reproduction, and fast migration. No single approach has been successfully used to control the FAW. Therefore, an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy is key to FAW control. This involves using biological, cultural, chemical, and host plant resistance (HPR) methods. Host plant resistance is an integral component of IPM and is the most effective, safe, and reliable method of controlling pests. In addition, HPR is heritable and can be enhanced using plant breeding strategies. Host plant resistance improvement through conventional plant breeding requires the identification of sources of resistant genes, crosses, backcrossing, evaluation, and selection of progenies. Developing hybrid maize through conventional plant breeding takes up to 10 years. However, the application of modern plant breeding technologies, such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genomic selection, transcriptomics, proteomics, genome editing, enviromics, and phenomics, may reduce the time required to develop FAW-resistant maize varieties. This review provides information on the status of the use of modern plant breeding technologies for the management of FAW in maize in Eastern Africa. In addition, recommendations and future prospects for the use of these technologies to enhance genetic improvement of FAW resistance in maize are documented.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"838-848"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) to Protein Bait Applied at Different Densities","authors":"Msizi R. Ramaoka,&nbsp;Aruna Manrakhan,&nbsp;Christopher W. Weldon","doi":"10.1111/jen.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effectiveness of odour-based lures for insects is related to their active space, the air volume around an odour source in which an insect will detect and move towards it. This principle applies to protein baits laced with toxicants that are used as either sprays or stations to suppress pest fruit fly populations. Whilst protein bait spray droplets represent multiple odour sources distributed across a tree, a protein bait station being a device containing the bait and hung on a tree acts as a single odour source within the same arena. This study investigated responses by the females of three fruit fly pests [<i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i> (Hendel), <i>Ceratitis capitata</i> (Wiedemann) and <i>Ceratitis cosyra</i> (Walker) (Diptera: Tephritidae)] to protein bait applied at two densities. Unmated female flies were fed on a diet that was either protein-deficient (sugar only) or protein-rich (sugar and hydrolysed yeast) in the laboratory for 10 days. Fly responses to either 10 droplets of 200 μL each or a single droplet of 2000 μL of a protein hydrolysate solution were quantified in field cages placed in a lemon orchard. Bait density significantly affected protein response by <i>B. dorsalis</i>, <i>C. capitata</i> and <i>C. cosyra</i>, with the majority responding more to higher protein bait density. Additionally, dietary history significantly influenced responses across all species, with flies fed a protein-deficient diet responding more than those fed protein. These results demonstrate that protein bait may be more effective for fruit fly control when distributed as multiple points on a tree compared to a single point, and that protein food sources in an environment would reduce the efficacy of control using protein bait.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"736-742"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148064077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding Preference and Foraging Behaviour of Eriopis connexa on Two Aphid Species","authors":"Anna Mara Ferreira Maciel,&nbsp;Lucas Ramos Vieira,&nbsp;Rayana Mayara Rocha Carvalho,&nbsp;Wesley Augusto Conde Godoy","doi":"10.1111/jen.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aphids are phloem-feeding insects that cause both direct and indirect damage to crops, reducing agricultural productivity. Among the available pest control strategies, biological control using natural enemies is a sustainable and effective approach. The ladybird <i>Eriopis connexa</i> (Germar, 1824) is a generalist predator known for its voracity and ability to exploit aphid populations across diverse habitats. This study aimed to evaluate the foraging behaviour and prey preference of <i>E. connexa</i> when exposed to two aphid species, <i>Myzus persicae</i> (Sulzer, 1776) and <i>Aphis gossypii</i> Glover, 1877, under varying ecological contexts. We conducted three independent experiments to assess: (i) preference across developmental stages (2nd vs. 4th instars); (ii) functional response to increasing prey density; and (iii) prey choice in varying species proportions. Results indicate that <i>E. connexa</i> lacks an intrinsic preference for either aphid species. Instead, its predation behaviour is significantly influenced by prey characteristics such as instar stage and relative abundance. The predator tended to consume smaller instars and more abundant prey first, suggesting decisions based on prey profitability. These findings enhance our understanding of predator–prey dynamics and biological control strategies involving aphidophagous predators in agroecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"444-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HaJAK2/STAT5B Mediate the Post-Mating Switch of Reproductive Behaviour in Helicoverpa armigera Female","authors":"Yilin Wang,&nbsp;Zhixian Zhang,&nbsp;Xueyi Ruan,&nbsp;Xiaoxia Liu,&nbsp;Songdou Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jen.70058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jen.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mated female moths display behavioural and physiological changes such as oviposition initiation, reduced receptivity and shortened lifespan. The behavioural transition in post-mating female insects constitutes a critical adaptive strategy for optimising reproductive success, but little is known about the detailed regulatory molecules. The JAK/STAT signalling pathway has been confirmed to play an important role in insect cell growth, immunity and reproductive processes, but its potential role in post-mating behavioural transformation is still unclear. In this study, we initially identified core components of the JAK/STAT signalling pathway, <i>HaJAK2</i> and <i>HaSTAT5B</i>, in <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> through screening of the NCBI database and transcriptomic data. Then phylogenetic analysis and multiple amino acid sequence alignment revealed high homology of HaJAK2 and HaSTAT5B with homologues of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> and <i>Helicoverpa zea</i>, respectively. QRT-PCR analysis demonstrated tissue-specific expression patterns of <i>HaJAK2</i> and <i>HaSTAT5B</i>, showing predominant expression in the spermathecae/parovaria tissue. Furthermore, RNAi-mediated gene knockdown experiments indicated that suppressing <i>HaJAK2</i> and <i>HaSTAT5B</i> expression altered post-mating behaviours, including reduced oviposition, extended longevity and diminished re-mating propensity. Finally, we revealed that the transcription factor <i>HaGATAa</i> dynamically regulates the expression of <i>HaJAK2</i> and <i>HaSTAT5B</i>. In conclusion, this study reveals that the GATAa-JAK/STAT axis governs reproductive state-dependent behavioural transitions in lepidopteran post-mating processes, advancing our understanding of insect reproductive strategies and identifying the JAK/STAT cascade as a potential target for novel pest control interventions to disrupt key reproductive behaviours in agricultural pests.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"506-515"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147682968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological Dynamics of Two Seed Predators, Araecerus levipennis and Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus, on Leucaena leucocephala","authors":"Dong-Yan Lu,&nbsp;Yi-Chen Chen,&nbsp;Pei-Ting Chen,&nbsp;Wen-Jer Wu,&nbsp;Chiao-Ping Wang,&nbsp;Hsuan-Wu Chen,&nbsp;Li-Hsin Wu","doi":"10.1111/jen.70054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jen.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two seed predators, <i>Araecerus levipennis</i> Jordan and <i>Acanthoscelides macrophthalmus</i> (Schaeffer), exist in the invasive tree <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> (Lam.) de Wit. This study aimed to understand interactions among <i>Ar. levipennis</i>, <i>A. macrophthalmus</i> and <i>L. leucocephala</i> in the invaded ecosystem. Bagging treatments were used to differentiate niches between the two seed predators. Results indicated niche partitioning between these seed predators as a guild; <i>Ar. levipennis</i> preferred early-stage pods while <i>A. macrophthalmus</i> preferred late maturity stage pods. Logistic regression analysis of 401 pod samples with 64.3% single-species occupation showed negative effects between species occurrence and heterospecific abundance (<i>Ar. levipennis</i> from 67% to 35% and <i>A. macrophthalmus</i> from 50% to 0%), suggesting interspecific competition. <i>Ar. levipennis</i> demonstrated priority effects, preempting resources at early maturity stages and competitively excluding <i>A. macrophthalmus</i>. Furthermore, early-stage pods attacked by <i>Ar. levipennis</i> inhibited seed dispersal, triggering <i>L. leucocephala</i> to produce resin as a defence response. To understand the germination of predator-attacked seeds, damaged seeds were collected to test germination and seedling survival. Seeds damaged by <i>Ar. levipennis</i> and <i>A. macrophthalmus</i> effectively reduced germination and seedling survival in the laboratory, but field observations revealed that <i>L. leucocephala</i> compensates through prolific seed production. This is the first comprehensive study documenting <i>Ar. levipennis</i> as a seed predator in the <i>L. leucocephala</i> system, highlighting the complex interactions between invasive plants and their seed predators. These findings demonstrate that single-agent biocontrol is insufficient for effective management and highlight the necessity of biological control strategies that combine multiple control agents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"487-496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Resistance Mechanisms and Prevention Strategies for Pesticide Poisoning in Silkworms, Bombyx mori","authors":"Zhan-peng Lu,&nbsp;Jia-wei Jiang,&nbsp;Kai-yi Zheng,&nbsp;Zuo-min Shao,&nbsp;Xue-yang Wang,&nbsp;Mu-wang Li","doi":"10.1111/jen.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Silkworm (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) is an important economic insect with a long history of cultivation in China, where it supports the sericulture industry valued at tens of billions of CNY annually. However, the use of pesticides in agricultural production is often fatal to the silkworms; lesser exposure can reduce yields, while greater exposure can devastate the economic foundation of the silk industry. Currently, no effective strategies exist to mitigate this issue. Recent studies have begun to characterise the toxicity of several common pesticides, including amides, pyrethroids, nicotinic and organophosphorus pesticides. This review systematically summarises the mechanism of action of these pesticides and discusses their sublethal and lethal effects. We also propose potential countermeasures beyond silkworm resistance breeding, with the aim of providing a theoretical foundation for preventing pesticide-induced damage and promoting sustainable development in sericulture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"516-525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Resistance Mechanisms and Prevention Strategies for Pesticide Poisoning in Silkworms, Bombyx mori","authors":"Zhan-peng Lu,&nbsp;Jia-wei Jiang,&nbsp;Kai-yi Zheng,&nbsp;Zuo-min Shao,&nbsp;Xue-yang Wang,&nbsp;Mu-wang Li","doi":"10.1111/jen.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jen.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Silkworm (<i>Bombyx mori</i>) is an important economic insect with a long history of cultivation in China, where it supports the sericulture industry valued at tens of billions of CNY annually. However, the use of pesticides in agricultural production is often fatal to the silkworms; lesser exposure can reduce yields, while greater exposure can devastate the economic foundation of the silk industry. Currently, no effective strategies exist to mitigate this issue. Recent studies have begun to characterise the toxicity of several common pesticides, including amides, pyrethroids, nicotinic and organophosphorus pesticides. This review systematically summarises the mechanism of action of these pesticides and discusses their sublethal and lethal effects. We also propose potential countermeasures beyond silkworm resistance breeding, with the aim of providing a theoretical foundation for preventing pesticide-induced damage and promoting sustainable development in sericulture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"516-525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foraging Behaviour of Floral Visitors as an Indicator of Pollination Potential in Sweet Cherry Orchards","authors":"Justine Rivers-Moore,&nbsp;Maureen Murúa,&nbsp;Tania Zaviezo","doi":"10.1111/jen.70050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jen.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sweet cherry production relies heavily on managed and wild insect pollinators. Pollination success depends not only on the presence of flower visitors but also on their behaviour and traits. Although Chile is among the world's leading cherry producers, information on the diversity and pollination roles of insect visitors in its orchards remains scarce. In this study, we used video monitoring to assess the foraging behaviour of floral visitors in 16 conventional orchards in central Chile. In 2023, we recorded 3012 insect visits. Bees comprised 65% of visits, with honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) alone accounting for 64% and fewer than 1% for wild bees. Besides, 33% of the visits were attributed to flies—mainly <i>Dilophus</i> sp. (Bibionidae) and several syrphid species—and 2% to beetles. Bees spent the shortest time per flower, exhibited greater inter-floral movement and contacted the stigma most frequently, behaviours associated with high pollination potential. In contrast, flies and beetles typically remained longer on flowers, moved little between them and often consumed floral resources without making contact with the stigma. These behavioural patterns suggest that hymenopterans are the most effective pollinators in these systems. Nevertheless, the high abundance of flies in the orchards may partly compensate for their limited pollination efficiency. Additionally, we found a significant positive relationship between body size and the likelihood of stigma contact, highlighting a key morphological trait associated with pollination effectiveness. The overall low diversity and small size of floral visitors in these conventional cherry orchards may explain why few of the species present have the potential to be effective pollinators. Promoting practices that enhance bee floral visitor diversity could increase the presence of alternative pollinators, reduce reliance on managed honeybees and contribute to more stable cherry yields.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"475-486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocturnal Moth Pollination in Montane New Zealand: Insights From Pollen Loads and Exclusion Experiments","authors":"Logan Bramley,&nbsp;Hazel Chapman,&nbsp;Joseph Dawson,&nbsp;Marion L. Donald","doi":"10.1111/jen.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While most pollinator studies have focused on diurnal taxa, nocturnal moths are increasingly recognised as important pollinators across diverse ecosystems. However, experimental studies on moth pollination in natural ecosystems, particularly montane regions, remain limited. This study examines the role of nocturnal moths as pollinators for four native montane shrub species in New Zealand using pollen load data, a pollen-transport network, and pollinator exclusion experiments. We found that many moths transport <i>Dracophyllum, Veronica brachysiphon,</i> and <i>Leptospermum scoparium</i> pollen. Pollinator exclusion experiments revealed that nocturnal pollinators significantly contribute to seed set in <i>Dracophyllum</i>, but not in <i>Leptospermum scoparium</i> or <i>Discaria toumatou</i>. This study highlights the value of combining observational pollen load data with pollinator exclusion experiments to assess the role of nocturnal moth pollinators for subalpine shrubs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 4","pages":"437-443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147683166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}