Journal of Applied Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Lethal Effects of the Wild Potato Solanum bulbocastanum on the Planthopper Pentastiridius leporinus, a Vector of Bacterial Pathogens in Potato","authors":"Eva Therhaag,&nbsp;Karin Gorzolka,&nbsp;Jürgen Gross","doi":"10.1111/jen.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The planthopper <i>Pentastiridius leporinus</i> [Hemiptera: Cixiidae] is a vector of the two plant pathogenic bacteria ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus’ and ‘<i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma solani’ causing ‘bacterial potato tuber wilt’ in potato. An infection leads to symptoms such as rubbery and non-processable tubers and consequently to substantial decreases in yield and tuber quality as well as to abandonment of seed potato production in affected areas. Up to date, resistant potato varieties are not yet known, and the tool box of integrated pest management to prevent the spread of <i>P. leporinus</i> as causal vector is quite limited. Mortality experiments designed as no-choice trials on potato cultivar ‘Gala’ (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>) and on its wild relative <i>S. bulbocastanum</i> revealed significant effects of the latter on the survival rate of the vector. LC/MS analysis of the insects and their intestines showed that C16:3-solamine, a bioactive compound of <i>S. bulbocastanum</i>, was retrieved only in individuals from the <i>S. bulbocastanum</i> plants. Furthermore, choice-tests were carried out to study the vector behaviour. A preference towards <i>S. bulbocastanum</i> vs. <i>S. tuberosum</i> ‘Gala’ was observed despite its lethal effects. Volatile organic compounds of the two different species were collected and analysed by GC/MS. The two profiles differed in 39 of 80 compounds. The wild potato species <i>S. bulbocastanum</i> and its compounds are discussed as potential starting points for further research on sustainable management of <i>P. leporinus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"756-769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Semi-Synthetic Diet for Sustained Laboratory Rearing of Maruca Vitrata and Studying Biological Performance Using Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Analysis","authors":"Onkarappa Dhanyakumar,&nbsp;Venna Surekha Reddy,&nbsp;Kalenahalli Yogendra,&nbsp;Suraj Prashad Mishra,&nbsp;Thiyagarajan Elaiyabharathi,&nbsp;Venkatasamy Balasubramani,&nbsp;Marimuthu Murugan,&nbsp;Jagdish Jaba","doi":"10.1111/jen.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The legume spotted pod borer (<i>Maruca vitrata</i>) is a major pest of leguminous crops worldwide. A reliable, cost-effective semi-synthetic diet is essential for mass rearing under controlled conditions to support laboratory bioassays, plant resistance screening, biocontrol and toxicological studies. In this study, the biological performance of <i>M. vitrata</i> was evaluated on four semi-synthetic diets using the age-stage, two-sex life table approach. Key life table parameters such as survival rate (<i>l</i>_<i>x</i>), fecundity (<i>m</i>_<i>x</i>), reproductive value (<i>V</i>_<i>xj</i>) and life expectancy (<i>e</i>_<i>xj</i>) were recorded. Among the diets tested, diet-I significantly outperformed the other compositions, supporting higher fecundity (201.20 ± 20.46), a net reproductive rate (<i>R₀</i> = 110.00) and an intrinsic rate of increase (<i>r</i>), indicating an enhanced population growth potential. Females reared on diet-I exhibited an earlier peak in reproduction and a higher cumulative output. Additionally, the effect of larval rearing density on development was assessed to optimise large-scale rearing. While increased densities resulted in marginally longer larval durations and reduced percentage survival, optimal outcomes were maintained at densities of up to 100 larvae/container. The cost of producing 1000 mL of diet-I was estimated at US Dollars ($) 5.46. Further, the diet-I supported long-term viability and continuous rearing over 10generations, with life history parameters showing minimal decline. Egg production/female ranged from 145.92 to 164.58, larval percentage survival remained above 78% and the average number of females/cohorts was stable (25.75 ± 1.97). The development analysis and validation demonstrated diet-I as the most effective and economically viable formulation for mass rearing of <i>M. vitrata</i>, offering a standardised protocol for future research and pest management studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"743-755"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Response of Cordyceps fumosorosea and Its Biocontrol Potential Against the Potato Insect Pest Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller)","authors":"Song Mei,&nbsp;Shuzhen Li,&nbsp;Asim Munawar,&nbsp;Guoxiu Li,&nbsp;Yongjuan Luo,&nbsp;Zhigang Ju,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu,&nbsp;Amr S. Abou El-Ela,&nbsp;Wenwu Zhou,&nbsp;Yaqiang Zheng","doi":"10.1111/jen.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The potato tuber moth (PTM), <i>Phthorimaea operculella</i>, is a globally distributed pest that causes damage to potato crops both in the field and during storage. Although chemical insecticides are widely employed to control this pest, their overuse has resulted in the development of resistance in PTM populations. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) represent a promising alternative to chemical insecticides in integrated management of insect herbivores. This study evaluated the potential of <i>C. fumosorosea</i> strain YNKM210801 for controlling PTM by assessing its pathogenicity across all life stages and key ecophysiological characteristics, followed by spatial distribution modelling across China. The fungus induced high adjusted mortality across all life stages (92.21% in eggs, 83.36% in larvae, and 96.67% in pupae) at a concentration of 1 × 10⁸ conidia/mL. Notably, the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀) values for eggs (3.69 × 10⁴ conidia/mL) and pupae (2.34 × 10⁴ conidia/mL) were significantly lower than that for larvae (4.78 × 10⁶ conidia/mL). The strain exhibited optimal growth at 20°C–25°C and pH 6–8, with maximal conidial production under a 16 h light: 8 h dark cycle. In terms of stress tolerance, it showed moderate thermotolerance (GT₅₀ = 16.81 min at 45°C) and UV-B resilience (half-life = 2.32 h at 592.3 μW/cm²). Spatial modelling indicated its high-efficacy zones for PTM control across most of China from April to October. Our study demonstrates the potential of <i>C. fumosorosea</i> YNKM210801 as a biopesticide for sustainable <i>P. operculella</i> management in diverse Chinese potato cropping systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"816-827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insectary Plant Species Preferences of Predators and Parasitoid Families in a Mediterranean Horticultural Agroecosystem","authors":"Francesc Gómez Marco,&nbsp;Carmen Denis,&nbsp;Rosa Gabarra,&nbsp;Valmir A. Costa,&nbsp;Paula Molina,&nbsp;Jordi Riudavets,&nbsp;Judit Arnó","doi":"10.1111/jen.70080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70080","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of insectary plants to provide alternative food and shelter resources for enhancing natural enemy activity has been established as a common practice in IPM. Candidate flowering plant species have been screened and evaluated for their contribution to enhance life parameters of beneficial insects. However, less information has been reported on the preference of these natural enemies for different insectary plant species in the field. The relative attractiveness of six insectary plant species to the key natural enemy groups on horticultural crops in the Mediterranean region was assessed by observing the relative frequencies of appearance on six plant species: <i>Achillea millefolium</i> L. and <i>Calendula officinalis</i> L. (Asterales: Asteraceae), <i>Daucus carota</i> L. (Apiales: Apiaceae), <i>Diplotaxis tenuifolia</i> (L.) DC. (Brassicales: Brassicaceae), <i>Fagopyrum esculentum</i> Moench (Caryophyllales: Polygonaceae), and <i>Lobularia maritima</i> (L.) Desv. (Brassicales: Brassicaceae). The presence of predators and parasitoids was evaluated by visual counts. Among predators, Syrphidae adults were evaluated by visual observation of inflorescence visits and/or hovering. The other predators recorded on the insectary plants were collected and divided into six groups: Aeolothripidae, Araneae, Chrysopidae, Coccinellidae, Dicyphini tribe, and <i>Orius</i> spp. Parasitoids were also collected and grouped into families. The Syrphidae interacted the most with <i>D. tenuifolia</i>, <i>F. esculentum</i>, and <i>L. maritima,</i> the last one being the plant with higher proportion of visits after hovering on the inflorescence. Parasitoids were recorded the most on <i>A. millefolium</i> and <i>L. maritima</i>. Finally, significant differences were found in the preference of each group of predators for the six insectary plants. The different natural enemy groups preferences for the insectary plants are discussed in biological control context and of the key influencing factors that should be considered when assessing the relative attractiveness of natural enemies to the insectary plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"803-815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70080","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hairy Roadblock: Stem Trichomes Impede Herbivore Movement in a Species and Instar-Dependent Manner","authors":"Manish Gautam,&nbsp;Rupesh Kariyat","doi":"10.1111/jen.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plants have evolved to deploy a vast set of defence mechanisms against insect herbivores, including physical barriers like leaf trichomes with pre and post ingestive effects. Yet, the role of stem trichomes in plant-herbivore interactions, particularly mobility dynamics, is poorly understood. To test this, we quantified the climbing speed of third and fifth instar soybean looper (SBL, <i>Chrysodeixis includens</i>) and fall armyworm (FAW, <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) in the presence (intact) and absence (shaved off) of soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) stem trichomes. The results show that SBL was significantly slowed down due to stem trichomes, but FAW was not affected. When compared between instars, fifth instar larvae were twice as fast as the third instar of both herbivores. Interestingly, significantly more fifth instar SBL successfully climbed to the top of the plant, compared to fifth instar FAW. Anecdotal observations also revealed a unique behaviour of FAW and SBL larvae where they ‘girdle’ the stems to remove the stem trichomes as they climb up. Our findings clearly demonstrate that soybean stem trichomes are an effective barrier that slows down the herbivores by restricting their mobility. However, they are not as effective against a generalist herbivore like FAW, and the effects are larval stage dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"728-735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nocturnal and Diurnal Floral Visitors Complement Pollination Services to Pitahaya (Selenicereus undatus) in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico","authors":"Franklin H. Rocha,&nbsp;Celia Isela Selem-Salas,&nbsp;Luis Alberto Ancona Lizarraga,&nbsp;José Javier G. Quezada-Euán","doi":"10.1111/jen.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pitahaya (<i>Selenicereus undatus</i>), a night-blooming cactus with edible fruit, has been cultivated for centuries in the Yucatan Peninsula, one of the main regions of production in Mexico and globally. Although pitahaya flowers are mostly receptive at night, stigma receptivity extends into the morning, attracting numerous insect visitors. This study compared the overall contributions of nocturnal (N) and diurnal (D) floral visitors to pitahaya pollination. We quantified the abundance of both groups over one plantation and conducted controlled floral access experiments to compare their effects on fruit quantity and quality, to estimate the overall pollination service provision (PSP) to the crop. D visitors were significantly more abundant than N ones. The beetle <i>Carpophilus</i> sp. was the predominant visitor recorded throughout the study period, followed by Africanised <i>Apis mellifera</i>, which predominated among D visitors. Controlled experiments showed that D visitors significantly improved fruit set (95.6%), seed number (3543 ± 219), and fruit weight (309 ± 14 g) compared to N visitors (75.6%; 2373 ± 297 seeds; 228 ± 17 g). D visitors provided substantially higher pollination service (Spear's index = 0.90) than N ones (0.22). The overall PSP was 0.56, confirming a pollination deficit due to insufficient N pollination. Our results show that the diurnal insect community, particularly Africanised honey bees, play an important role in providing complementary pollination services to pitahaya crops. These findings should be considered to implement management strategies to improve pollination and productivity of this economically important crop in Mexico.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"828-837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought Stress Promotes Aphis gossypii Growth but Decreases Host Attractiveness in Melon","authors":"G. Clemente-Orta,&nbsp;M. Guirao,&nbsp;P. Madolell,&nbsp;A. Moreno,&nbsp;A. Fereres","doi":"10.1111/jen.70076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70076","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drought stress is a significant environmental factor that affects plant physiology and growth, leading to considerable detrimental effects on crop productivity. <i>Cucumis melo,</i> which is widely cultivated for its economic value, is particularly susceptible to water scarcity. <i>Aphis gossypii</i> is the major pest impacting melon crops due to both the direct damage it causes and its ability to transmit several plant viruses. We investigated whether water-deficit (WD) and well-watered (WW) regimes affect aphid fitness, host preference, alighting behaviour and responses to plant volatiles. In antibiosis assays, the pre-reproductive period (PRP) was longer in aphids reared on WW regime (7.47 ± 0.13 days) than on WD (6.53 ± 0.19 days; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Similarly, mean generation time (Td) was longer under WW regime (10.12 ± 0.18 days) than under WD (8.85 ± 0.26 days, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In contrast, aphids exhibited higher intrinsic rates on WD regime (<i>r</i>_m = 0.463 ± 0.013) than on WW (0.409 ± 0.008; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Mean relative growth rate (RGR) showed the same pattern, being higher under WD regime (0.539 ± 0.015) compared with WW (0.475 ± 0.009, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In dual choice, higher numbers of alate aphids and nymphs were recorded on WW regime. In free-choice settlement assays, adult aphid preference differed between watering regimes and across time, with greater alate settlement and nymph production—particularly after 48 h—on WW regime. Olfactometry assays showed no aphid response to plant water status. Overall, our results indicate that aphid alighting on melon plants is driven primarily by visual rather than olfactory cues, with WW regime being more attractive than WD. However, once aphids settle on WD regime, population growth is enhanced relative to WW. Thus, when both plant types co-occur, aphids preferentially colonise WW regime, although higher population growth may occur on water-stressed hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"770-779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Laboratory-Reared Flies Perform Differently as Pollinators? Morphology, Behaviour and Pollination Performance of Eristalis tenax (Syrphidae)","authors":"Abby E. Davis,&nbsp;Lena Alice Schmidt,&nbsp;Karen C. B. S. Santos,&nbsp;Samantha Harrington,&nbsp;Raylea Rowbottom,&nbsp;Amy Lucas,&nbsp;Cameron Spurr,&nbsp;Blake M. Dawson,&nbsp;Romina Rader","doi":"10.1111/jen.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flies (Diptera) are important pollinators in global agriculture, yet little is known about how intraspecific trait variation influences their pollination performance. We compared morphological traits, foraging behaviour and pollination-related performance metrics between laboratory-reared (hereafter lab-reared) and wild populations of <i>Eristalis tenax</i> (Diptera: Syrphidae) in hybrid seed carrot (<i>Daucus carota L.</i>) under semi-controlled field conditions using in-field cages in the Riverina region of New South Wales, Australia. Lab-reared flies were significantly larger than wild flies in body length, inter-tegular distance, and thorax width. Single-visit deposition assays showed that both fly populations deposited more pollen than unvisited control flowers, with lab-reared flies pollinating 3.5× more stigmas per visit and depositing 4.6× more pollen on pollinated stigmas per visit. Seed set was highest in umbels pollinated by lab-reared flies (25.9%), followed by wild treatments (16.4%) and negligible in bagged controls (0.01%). Although umbels pollinated by lab-reared flies produced 1.5× higher seed numbers, fresh seed weight did not differ between lab-reared and wild treatments, indicating that differences in seed set were not accompanied by detectable differences in seed mass under the conditions tested. Additionally, foraging activity differed between populations: lab-reared flies showed higher activity on male umbels during early morning periods (05:00–08:00) and within moderate temperature (20°C–30°C) and humidity (33%–66%) ranges, whereas wild flies exhibited more consistent activity across the day (05:00–17:00), visited male and female umbels in similar proportions, and remained active across a broader humidity range (0%–99% RH). Together, these results indicate population-level differences in morphology and foraging behaviour that influence pollination-related metrics under semi-controlled conditions. Our findings suggest that lab-reared <i>E. tenax</i> can perform comparably to wild conspecifics in hybrid seed carrot systems, with context-dependant advantages that may be leveraged in managed pollination strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"716-727"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mated Female Dispersal and Solitary Gallery Initiation in Ips typographus: Evidence From a Range Expansion Gradient","authors":"Emilio Caiti,&nbsp;Denis Fournier,&nbsp;Kerry Barnard,&nbsp;Pauline Dacquin,&nbsp;Séverine Hasbroucq,&nbsp;Daegan J. G. Inward,&nbsp;Katy Reed,&nbsp;Jean-Claude Grégoire","doi":"10.1111/jen.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding colonisation strategies in Scolytinae beetles is critical for predicting their invasion dynamics, especially during early establishment under low-density conditions. In <i>Ips typographus</i>, a major Eurasian forest pest, a proportion of females are mated before emerging from their natal tree and are able to produce, alone, a viable brood. Here, we combine field surveys along a density gradient from northern France to southern England with laboratory experiments to investigate the potential for solitary reproduction. We show that the proportion of mated dispersing females increased over the season but declined with distance from outbreak centres. Sex ratios also shifted seasonally, from male-biased early flights to female-biased later ones. At invasion fronts, we observed and described previously undocumented solitary gallery foundations, occurring at low but consistent frequencies. These solitary galleries exhibited distinctive morphologies, typically lacking nuptial chambers and occasionally presenting characteristic turning notches. Solitary females could successfully establish egg-laying galleries under natural conditions. Our findings provide the first empirical evidence of solitary reproduction in <i>I. typographus</i> in the wild, suggesting that this strategy—enabled by pre-emergence mating and re-emergence—may enhance establishment under mate-limited conditions. This reproductive flexibility could facilitate persistence in marginal habitats and has important implications for risk assessment and management of emerging bark beetle populations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"706-715"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Bark Gouging as an Effective Complement for the Management of Ips typographus and Pityogenes chalcographus While Preserving Habitat for Secondary Scolytine (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Species","authors":"Tobias Frühbrodt,&nbsp;Hannes Lemme,&nbsp;W. Andreas Hahn","doi":"10.1111/jen.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Norway spruce will likely remain an important tree species in Europe over the next few decades despite efforts to transform forests and reduce its distribution range more to its natural range. Consequently, <i>Ips typographus</i> will remain one of the most relevant forest pests the management of which will become increasingly challenging due to changing environmental conditions. When salvage and sanitation logging are not feasible, alternative preventive and control measures are established, including mechanical debarking. Alternatively, partial removal of bark, for example through bark gouging, offers a compromise between deadwood retention for conservation purposes and bark beetle management. The preventive use of bark gouging has been documented and previous results suggest that also the therapeutic use is effective. However, it was not clear how the treatment success depends on the timing of the treatment during the development of <i>I. typographus</i> and how it relates to the colonisation density. This was investigated in a 2 year experimental series in south-east Germany. Bark gouging at all tested time points (during oviposition, late larval stage, pupation) significantly reduced the reproductive success of <i>I. typographus</i>. Yet, the efficacy decreased over time, suggesting that the treatment should be carried out as early as possible in practice. Due to the unplanned co-colonisation of other species, we could show for the first time that the reproductive success of the much smaller <i>Pityogenes chalcographus</i> is also significantly reduced. The effect on the abundance of two secondary species, <i>Dryocoetes autographus</i> and <i>Hylurgops palliatus</i>, was more variable. The richness of non-target scolytine species was not affected, emphasising the benefits of bark gouging for nature conservation. We consider bark gouging as a simple, low-cost alternative to conventional measures for small amounts of damaged wood, which allows to relax logistical constraints in bark beetle management and reconcile diverging management objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"150 6","pages":"780-790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148147067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}