Journal of Applied Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Monitoring of Phenology and Population Trends of Lepidopteran Cone Pests in South Swedish Spruce Seed Orchards","authors":"Olle Anderbrant,&nbsp;Glenn P. Svensson,&nbsp;Hong-Lei Wang,&nbsp;Erling V. Jirle,&nbsp;Christer Löfstedt","doi":"10.1111/jen.13420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Regeneration of Norway spruce, <i>Picea abies</i>, forests is to a large extent depending on the production of seeds from high quality plus trees in orchards. However, the seed yield is variable and unpredictable due to weather, pest insects and diseases. Thus, more knowledge is needed to improve planning of harvest and mitigation of pests and diseases to secure future forest regeneration. In this study, we used pheromone traps and cone inventory to document the phenology and population trends of three important lepidopteran seed and cone consumers, viz. the spruce seed moth, <i>Cydia strobilella,</i> the spruce coneworm, <i>Dioryctria abietella</i> and the cloaked pug, <i>Eupithecia abietaria</i>, in six south Swedish orchards over 6 years. The flight period of <i>C. strobilella</i> was concentrated in May, whereas <i>D. abietella</i> had an extended flight period from May to October, and <i>E. abietaria</i> mainly flew in June and early July. Population densities measured by trap catch and cone density fluctuated between years and orchards, despite these were located within 74 km of each other. For <i>C. strobilella</i>, but not for <i>D. abietella</i>, there was a significant relationship between the number of males captured per trap and the number of larvae per ha or the proportion of infested cones in the subsequent generation. No significant relationships occurred between larval density and trap catch the following year (within generation) for any of the species. Notably, the trap catches were high also after years almost void of breeding material, that is, cones. Our results indicate that we still lack information on several parameters essential for reliable predictions of population trends, such as prolonged diapause, winter survival and the presence and abundance of natural enemies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"811-822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Temperature and Diet on Population Dynamics and Reproduction in Ephestia elutella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)","authors":"Yao Huang,&nbsp;Houding Ou,&nbsp;Xiuqin Wang,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Lan Wei,&nbsp;Xiaofei Yu,&nbsp;Yi Mao,&nbsp;Maofa Yang","doi":"10.1111/jen.13419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13419","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ephestia elutella</i> (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), an omnivorous pest with a wide range of hosts, is responsible for the damage and loss of many stored commodities. However, the parasitoid wasp <i>Habrobracon hebetor</i> (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) utilises 5th instars of <i>E. elutella</i> larvae to breed. In order to support the large-scale production of <i>E. elutella</i> for research and parasitoid rearing, we explored the effects of diet (artificial diet and tobacco) on the mortality, developmental duration, adult longevity, fecundity, and population parameters of <i>E. elutella</i> reared at 19°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C, and 31°C using age-stage, two-sex life tables. Increasing the temperature from 19°C to 31°C significantly affected the stage-specific mortality, reproductive parameters, and population parameters of <i>E. elutella</i>. Specifically, both developmental duration and adult longevity decreased with increasing temperature. For both diets, pre-adult mortality was lowest at 25°C but was lower overall in populations fed an artificial diet. The developmental duration, adult longevity, and mean generation time (<i>T</i>) were significantly lower in populations fed an artificial diet, whereas the intrinsic rate of increase (<i>r</i>) and finite rate of increase (<i>λ</i>) were significantly lower in populations fed tobacco leaves. Temperature appears to have a significant effect on the development and reproduction of <i>E. elutella</i>, and a combination of 25°C and artificial diet may be the most conducive to large-scale breeding. This study provides a theoretical basis for the mass rearing of <i>E. elutella</i> to support pest control applications in tobacco warehouses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"769-784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis to Identify Resistance Genes Associated With Tomato Varieties in Response to MED Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)","authors":"Hailong Kong,&nbsp;Yuxuan Chen,&nbsp;Rongli Hu,&nbsp;Taimur Muhammad,&nbsp;Suwan Jiang,&nbsp;Zhiwei Chen,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Zicheng Fan,&nbsp;Chen Luo,&nbsp;Xiaobin Shi,&nbsp;Qingjun Wu,&nbsp;Youjun Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jen.13424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13424","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a serious insect pest of tomato crops. Our previous study revealed that the tomato varieties JinLingHongYu and ShiTouDaFen are resistant and susceptible to MED <i>B. tabaci</i>, respectively. In this study, we focused on determining the transcriptional response of these two tomato varieties before and after infestation with <i>B. tabaci</i> using Illumina sequencing. A total of 629, 859, 512 clear reads were mapped to the tomato reference genome. According to the filtering threshold (log2 ratio ≥ 2, false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05), 727 differentially expressed genes (379 upregulated and 348 downregulated) were identified in the susceptible tomato variety before and after infestation, respectively, while 1060 (537 upregulated and 523 downregulated) were identified in the resistant tomato variety. The Unigenes might be involved in the tomato variety resistance genes to <i>B. tabaci</i>, such as receptor-like kinase, the cell-wall-modifying enzymes of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase family, expansin, tryptophan-arginine tyrosine transcription factor, cytochrome P450, GDSL esterase/lipase, Nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by Apaf1, R proteins and CED-4 (NB-ARC) and F-box. To verify the results of the transcriptome analysis, 18 genes were randomly chosen and subjected to RT–qPCR. The RT–qPCR results were the same as those of the transcriptome analysis. The present results provide important information on <i>B. tabaci</i> resistance mechanisms in tomato varieties that will be useful for further studies of the molecular mechanisms of this resistance and for breeding new pest-resistant varieties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"785-794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Leiodes cinnamomeus (Coleoptera: Leiodidae) Populations in a Black Truffle Orchard From Northeast Spain","authors":"Emily Silva Araujo,&nbsp;Sergio Sánchez,&nbsp;José M. Mirás-Avalos,&nbsp;Pedro Marco,&nbsp;Sergi García-Barreda","doi":"10.1111/jen.13421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13421","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Black truffle, <i>Tuber melanosporum</i> Vittad., production is increasing due to an improvement in cultivation management and to the demand for this highly appreciated fungus. However, this intensification of truffle cultivation has led to the appearance of problems related to pest incidence. Specifically, the truffle beetle, <i>Leiodes cinnamomeus</i> (Panzer, 1793) (Coleoptera: Leiodidae), causes significant losses in black truffle marketability. However, its biology is still poorly known, and no effective agro-ecological methods exist to mitigate its damage to the truffles. This study aimed at assessing the population dynamics of <i>L. cinnamomeus</i> over four seasons (2019–2023) in an orchard located in NE Spain and relating these dynamics to weather variables and damage to truffle fruit bodies. Moreover, we described the diversity of arthropods captured in the traps in search of potential natural enemies of this beetle. The maximum population peak was observed in November, except for a single season in which it occurred in December. Moreover, the sex ratio was balanced (0.54 on average), but it varied over the growing season and among years. Significant and positive relationships of the population density of truffle beetles with air temperature and relative humidity were observed. The number of beetles per trap and day was strongly linked to heat accumulation. Finally, the Carabid <i>Percus</i> (<i>Pseudopercus</i>) <i>patruelis</i> (L. Daufour, 1820) was identified as a natural enemy of <i>L. cinnamomeus</i>. These results could be used in the future for monitoring and predicting truffle beetle populations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"745-756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Identification of Agrilus anxius (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Using a qPCR Assay With Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) Probe","authors":"Domenico Rizzo,&nbsp;Francesco Pecori,&nbsp;Michela Moriconi,&nbsp;Claudia Gabriela Zubieta,&nbsp;Bruno Palmigiano,&nbsp;Linda Bartolini,&nbsp;Alice Downes,&nbsp;Chiara Ranaldi,&nbsp;Viola Papini,&nbsp;Nicola Luchi,&nbsp;Alberto Santini","doi":"10.1111/jen.13423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present study, a biomolecular diagnostic assay based on qPCR-LNA (Locked Nucleic Acid) probes was developed for the identification of <i>Agrilus anxius</i> (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from adult insects. The performance of the new protocol was also evaluated for indirect diagnosis of the insect's presence on artificially contaminated frass. The designed primer and probe were able to distinguish <i>in silico</i> all <i>A. anxius</i> samples from nontarget species, with a 100% match with homologous sequences found in GenBank databases. The molecular assay was sensitive, specific and repeatable. The analytical sensitivity (limit of detection—LoD) for <i>A. anxius</i> adults and artificially contaminated frass was 6.4 fg/μL and 0.08 pg/μL, respectively. This assay, by analysing eDNA samples, will allow the insect's early detection in an area before it has caused major impact. eDNA analysis is becoming an increasingly used tool in the spatial survey programs of phytosanitary services and could play a decisive role in pest surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"757-768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementary Diets Impact the Abundance of Core Bacteria in the Gut of a Managed Stingless Bee but Not Its Fat Body Size","authors":"Karen Luisa Haag,&nbsp;Anelise Fernandes e Silva,&nbsp;Henrique da Rocha Moreira Antoniolli,&nbsp;Luísa Moraes Dornelles,&nbsp;Maríndia Deprá","doi":"10.1111/jen.13422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13422","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The management of stingless bees is an expanding activity that requires technical knowledge in order to face a number of challenges, from malnutrition to disease. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of supplementary diets based on sucrose (100% sucrose syrup or 50% sucrose syrup + 50% dried spirulina) on fat body mass and on the gut-associated microbiota of <i>Melipona quadrifasciata</i>, one of the most important species in Brazilian stingless bee farming. The study was performed over 5 months, from the end of spring until the end of summer, when outbreaks of an annual disease occur. Both the fungal and bacterial microbiota were metabarcoded using ITS2 and 16S gene markers, respectively. Our experimental design aimed at incorporating both seasonal and treatment effects of diet on forager gut microbial composition. Our analyses show that supplementing bees' diet with sucrose-based feed does not affect the amount of fat body of forager bees. In contrast, it alters the composition of the gut microbiota characterised by an increase in the relative abundance of acetic acid bacteria and unclassified lactobacilli. The significance of such changes promoted by a sucrose-rich gut environment concerning bee health needs to be further investigated and carefully considered for stingless bee management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"737-744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Syrphids in the City: A 10-Year Citizen Science Program Sheds Light on How the Greenness and Quality of Green Spaces Impact Flower Flies","authors":"Rodrigo M. Barahona-Segovia,&nbsp;Javiera Chinga,&nbsp;Vanessa Durán-Sanzana,&nbsp;Elias Alfaro,&nbsp;Maureen Murúa,&nbsp;Laura Pañinao-Monsalvéz","doi":"10.1111/jen.13410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13410","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although Syrphidae is an essential family of flies because they provide key ecosystem services like pollination and pest control, their richness and abundance respond negatively to urbanisation, even when high-quality green spaces are present. These are the conclusions of many studies from the northern hemisphere; however, there are shortfalls in our knowledge of flower fly ecology in Neotropical megacities. We used a 10-year dataset obtained from a long-term citizen science program devoted to flies to test whether the richness, total number of records (as a proxy of abundance) and diversity of flower flies could be influenced by green space predictors such as total surface and percentage of green areas, the quality of public squares and parks indices and greenness index (NDVI) across 34 municipalities in Greater Santiago. Furthermore, we described for the first time an interaction network exclusively for flower flies within the city. We analysed 1084 records and 607 interactions of 29 flower fly species. We found that the north-east municipalities have more flower fly species. Based on the richness and abundance, the two-way Jaccard analysis grouped the municipalities into three major clades: (a) those municipalities with more than 10 flower fly species, (b) those between five and 10 species and (c) those with fewer than five species. Generalised linear mixed models associated positively and significantly the flower fly richness, abundance and diversity, mainly with the quality of public squares and the mean NDVI value. The structure of our interaction network between flower flies and plant species showed low values for connectance and specialisation, but a significant value for interaction diversity. The quality of green spaces and NDVI information could help local decision-makers improve the management of the municipality's green spaces, enhance the flower fly biodiversity inside the cities and provide potential ecosystem services such as pollination or pest control.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 6","pages":"938-956"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Spring Temperatures Advance Post-Diapause Swarming and Prolong the Reproductive Period in the Bark Beetle Ips typographus","authors":"Sven Hofmann,&nbsp;Martin Schebeck,&nbsp;Markus Kautz","doi":"10.1111/jen.13404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diapause is a common strategy in insects to respond to reoccurring adverse events. The European spruce bark beetle <i>Ips typographus</i> is an important forest pest in Eurasia affecting spruce-dominated forests by eruptive outbreaks, which are likely to become more frequent and severe in a changing climate. It expresses a reproductive diapause to cope with harsh winter conditions. As diapause also affects the activity and voltinism of <i>I. typographus</i>, understanding its regulation by abiotic environmental factors can help to mitigate outbreak risks, for example, by coordinating management measures or adapting silvicultural strategies. While diapause induction in late summer and autumn has been shown to be mainly triggered by photoperiod and modified by temperature, information on environmental cues affecting post-diapause swarming in spring is scarce. In late winter/early spring 2021 and 2023, we conducted a laboratory experiment assessing spring swarming and reproductive potential of <i>I. typographus</i> after diapause termination, applying various temperature and photoperiodic conditions. We used mean temperatures between 13°C and 23°C with daily oscillations of ±5°C and daylengths between 9 h and 14 h (January–April). Post-diapause temperature sums had the strongest effect on spring swarming, modified by daily maximum temperatures, while photoperiod had only a small and ambiguous effect. In contrast, the reproductive potential of dispersing beetles remained almost unaffected by temperature sum, daily temperature and photoperiod. Our results show that spring swarming can potentially start as soon as cold temperatures have terminated diapause in mid-winter. Ongoing climate warming will consequently extend the reproductive season, likely increasing voltinism and population densities of <i>I. typographus</i>. Our findings can be implemented in phenology and risk assessment models to predict the temperature-dependent phenology and infestation risk in a future climate more accurately, to support bark beetle management (e.g., sanitation and salvage logging) and guide long-term silvicultural adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"725-736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity and Relevance of Non-Sphingid Moths as Pollinators in the Neotropics","authors":"Germán San Blas,&nbsp;Mariano Devoto","doi":"10.1111/jen.13409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13409","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the pollination mechanisms of “settling moths” (moths from families other than Sphingidae typically perched on corollas while feeding on flowers) in the Neotropics is crucial for assessing their contributions to plant reproduction and ecosystem resilience. Through extensive literature searches on Google Scholar and SCOPUS, this study identified 44 relevant studies from an initial pool of 410. These studies covered 37 ecoregions across over 30 million km², primarily focusing on natural habitats, with Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico as major contributors. The research on Neotropical moth pollination has surged since 2000, with Noctuoidea, Geometridae, and Pyraloidea as the most cited moth groups. Despite the significant progress in documenting moth pollination, our assessment of taxonomic resolution revealed a heavy reliance on field observations, underscoring the need for collaboration with taxonomists to improve species-level identifications and enrich ecological interpretations. Our network analysis of interactions between 37 plant families and 14 nocturnal moth families or higher taxon groups indicated a matrix fill of approximately 18.7%, with significant nestedness pointing to generalist-specialist dynamics among plant and moth families. Modularity analysis identified distinct clusters of interactions, suggesting that specific plant and moth families engage in compartmentalised relationships shaped by ecological and evolutionary factors. Dominant groups, such as Asteraceae and Fabaceae among plants, and Erebidae and Noctuidae among moths, played central roles within these modules, underscoring their importance in maintaining nocturnal pollination networks. These findings emphasise the importance of both diverse and dominant pollinator groups in supporting Neotropical pollination dynamics. Our work highlights the need for pollinator-centred studies, the adoption of standardised methodologies, and deeper exploration of exclusive moth pollination to advance understanding of plant reproduction across the Neotropics. Future research should aim to bridge gaps in species-level identification and further investigate the ecological and evolutionary significance of nocturnal pollination across diverse environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 6","pages":"922-937"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenology Is an Important Driver of Hawkmoth–Flower Interactions in a Megadiverse Mountain Area in Brazil","authors":"Lucas Benicio de Castro,&nbsp;Matheus Ambrosio Pacheco,&nbsp;Luis Gustavo de Sousa Perugini,&nbsp;Pietro Kiyoshi Maruyama,&nbsp;André Rodrigo Rech","doi":"10.1111/jen.13413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13413","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Hawkmoths and flowers exhibit striking examples of morphological specialisation, yet how these interactions are structured by different processes within communities still need to be better understood. In this study, we investigated the interactions between hawkmoths and flowers in the megadiverse, open-vegetation landscape of the Brazilian Campos Rupestres. Using a zoocentric approach based on pollen loads found on hawkmoth bodies, we assessed their interactions at the community-level. Our results revealed a modular network, with both hawkmoths and flowering plants organised into modules containing species with dissimilar phenologies. This temporal segregation suggests a staggering pattern of resource use across the year. Hawkmoth proboscis length, however, did not show any pattern regarding module composition. Furthermore, phenology better predicted interaction frequencies than abundances in the network. Therefore, phenology seems to be a primary driver of interaction in this open vegetation seasonal ecosystem. This study represents the first attempt to unravel the organisation of hawkmoth-flower interactions at a community level in this ancient and megadiverse Brazilian ecosystem, and underscore the importance of phenology/seasonality as an important process determining interactions between flowers and long distance flying pollinators capable of connecting isolated plant populations across the landscape.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 6","pages":"914-921"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}