Journal of Applied Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Native Parasitoids Recruitment as Potential Controllers of Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera; Cynipidae) in Recently Colonised Areas","authors":"Juan Carlos Vinagrero-Conde,&nbsp;E. Jordán Muñoz-Adalia,&nbsp;Juli Pujade-Villar,&nbsp;M. Mercedes Fernández-Fernández","doi":"10.1111/jen.13362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13362","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this work, we investigate the native parasitoid community colonising galls by an invasive pest: the oriental chestnut gall wasp (OCGW), <i>Dryocosmus kuriphilus</i> (Hymenoptera; Cynipidae). We tried to understand how native parasitoids react after the arrival of the pest (two-year sampling period) in the province of Zamora (Castilla &amp; León region, N-W Spain). For this purpose, we collected both, chestnut galls from six stands and oak galls from surrounding oak groves. Our results highlight the response to <i>D. kuriphilus</i> provided by the oak gall wasps that naturally inhabit <i>Quercus pyrenaica</i>. The parasitoid community showed a core assemblage composed of <i>Eurytoma brunniventris</i>, <i>Torymus flavipes</i> and <i>T. sinensis</i> in OCGW galls, and <i>Baryscapus diaphantus</i>, <i>Bootanomyia dorsalis</i>, <i>Eupelmus urozonus</i>, <i>E. brunniventris</i>, <i>Mesopolobus lichtensteini</i>, <i>T. affinis</i>, and <i>T. flavipes</i> in oak galls. We identified the torymid <i>T. flavipes</i> as one of the most common parasitoids of OCGW, in addition to the exotic parasitoid <i>T. sinensis</i>, never officially released in the region but present in the study area. In addition, we intend to know its possible incidence on non-target cynipids. We have found an intense connection in the food web with some chalcids that establish interactions with the gall wasp, both in adult instar (emerging from reared galls) and larval (presence of larvae in OCGW gall chambers, identified by dissection). We also describe the flight phenology of <i>D. kuriphilus</i> in our study area (as far as we know, the first one focused in Castilla &amp; León region) and evaluate the overlap between OCGW and native and exotic parasitoids showing a promising role of native guild as biocontrollers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"88-99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13362","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ant-Pollination: Conditional Outcomes Depending on Environmental Features and Species Interactions","authors":"Helena Maura Torezan-Silingardi,&nbsp;Kleber Del-Claro","doi":"10.1111/jen.13360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13360","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intricate web of interactions in nature has led to unexpected partnerships between plants and animals, greatly influencing ecosystem dynamics. In this discussion, we'll explore the Pollination Syndrome Hypothesis and consider a scenario where a partnership with unexpected pollinators emerges. We suggest that ant pollination has been largely overlooked, but ants can surprisingly play a crucial role and have a history of success in pollinating dry system plants. We will present both negative and positive aspects that must be observed in ant-pollination syndrome. Additionally, we aim to explore the often-underestimated phenomenon of ant pollination and the overlooked tiny, discreet, unnoticed flowers found in our fields and forests, especially in dry ecosystems, savannas and mountain fields, which may hold numerous undiscovered secrets about these interactions. We encourage young biologists to engage in natural history observations and to perform manipulative experiments directly in the field to understand the true nature of these successful ant-pollinations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"704-710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-Time PCR as a Tool for Detection and Identification of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus Based on Trace Amounts of Their DNA Left in the Vector—The Pine Sawyer Beetle, Monochamus galloprovincialis","authors":"Anna Filipiak,&nbsp;Marek Tomalak","doi":"10.1111/jen.13358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13358","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The quarantine nematode <i>Bursaphelenchus xylophilus</i> is a causative agent of the pine wilt disease. In Europe, the nematode is vectored by <i>Monochamus galloprovincialis</i> which is also a natural vector of the native, nonpathogenic <i>B. mucronatus</i>. Based on the established regulations, long-term detection surveys of pine wood and vector insects for the presence of <i>B. xylophilus</i> are obligatory in all EU member countries. The main objective of the presented research was to use the real-time PCR technique for the fast and precise detection, and identification of <i>Bursaphelenchus</i> nematodes associated with <i>M. galloprovincialis</i> ssp. <i>pistor</i> occurring in Poland. The research conducted on beetles collected in forest stands in Poland revealed exclusive presence of the native, nonpathogenic nematode <i>B. mucronatus</i>. At the beginning of the beetle flight season (June–July), the use of the real-time PCR allowed detection of <i>B. mucronatus</i>, in the case of its physical presence in the body of the dissected <i>M. galloprovincialis</i>. However, at the end of the flight season (September–October), the DNA of <i>B. mucronatus</i> was also found in some beetles with no physical presence of nematodes in tracheas or under elytra. The univoltine biology of the beetle, gradual decline in dispersal juveniles to zero in/on the beetle body, and positive results of real-time PCR reaction could indicate that in some of the beetles earlier loaded with nematodes, at the end of the season, only their remains were left after the live nematodes' departure during the vector's maturation feeding and/or egg laying. The obtained results confirm extremely high sensitivity of the real-time PCR method used in detection and identification of both nematode species which may simultaneously occur in <i>M. galloprovincialis</i> beetles. It allows for precise detection of the nematodes based on their remains left in/on the vector insects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic Effects of Five Insecticides on the Development and Enzymatic Activities of Trichogramma ostriniae","authors":"Wenya Zhu,&nbsp;Rui Fan,&nbsp;Minglei Liu,&nbsp;Juan Wang,&nbsp;Ye Zhang,&nbsp;Ruiyan Ma","doi":"10.1111/jen.13357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13357","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As an egg parasitoid, <i>Trichogramma ostriniae</i> (<i>T. ostriniae</i>) exhibits a broad host range and plays a crucial role in controlling various lepidopteran agricultural pests. However, the application of chemical pesticides negatively impacts its development and survival. Therefore, it is essential to assess the toxicity of commonly used insecticides against <i>T. ostriniae</i> and evaluate their compatibility. This study aims to determine the toxic effects of five common insecticides (dinotefuran, abamectin, imidacloprid, beta-cypermethrin, and chlorantraniliprole) on the development, reproduction, and enzymatic activity of <i>T. ostriniae.</i> The contact, lethal, and developmental toxicities were evaluated. Activities of detoxification enzymes, including cytochrome P450 (CYP450), carboxylesterase (CarE), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and protective enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I (MRCC I), adenosine triphosphate (ATP) of <i>T</i>. <i>ostriniae</i> were examined after being treated with the five insecticides. The results showed that the order of lethal toxicity in adult <i>T</i>. <i>ostriniae</i> was beta-cypermethrin &gt; dinotefuran &gt; imidacloprid &gt; abamectin &gt; chlorantraniliprole. The emergence rates of adult <i>T. ostriniae</i> exposed to insecticides during the egg and larval stages were higher than those exposed to insecticides during the prepupal and pupal stages. The activities of CYP450, GST, and SOD were increased, but CarE activity and ROS content were decreased in <i>T. ostriniae</i> treated with the five insecticides compared with the control. Beta-cypermethrin increased the POD and CAT activities. Chlorantraniliprole decreased CAT activity and increased MDA content. The MRCCI of <i>T. ostriniae</i> was not significantly affected by any of the five insecticides tested. The ATP content of <i>T. ostriniae</i> was not significantly affected by chlorantraniliprole but was significantly decreased by the other four insecticides. In conclusion, the toxicities of the five insecticides to <i>T</i>. <i>ostriniae</i> were different, among which imidacloprid, dinotefuran, abamectin, and beta-cypermethrin had a high risk of toxicity to <i>T</i>. <i>ostriniae</i>, and chlorantraniliprole had a low risk to <i>T</i>. <i>ostriniae</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Ethanol Lure and Concentration on Captures of Ambrosia Beetles in Tree Fruits and Ornamentals","authors":"Ramkumar Govindaraju,&nbsp;Jensen Hayter,&nbsp;Juang Horng Chong,&nbsp;Alejandro I. Del Pozo-Valdivia,&nbsp;Ted E. Cottrell,&nbsp;James F. Walgenbach,&nbsp;Thomas W. Scheyer,&nbsp;Brett R. Blaauw,&nbsp;Michael E. Reding,&nbsp;Christopher M. Ranger,&nbsp;Shimat V. Joseph","doi":"10.1111/jen.13361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Xylosandrus crassiusculus</i> (Motschulsky) and <i>Xylosandrus germanus</i> (Blandford) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are major ambrosia beetle pests in tree nut and fruit orchards and ornamental nurseries in the eastern United States (USA). Ethanol-baited bottle traps and ethanol-infused tree stem sections (i.e., bolts) have been used to monitor ambrosia beetles, but limited studies exist on the influence of ethanol-lure release rate on ambrosia beetle trap captures and bolt attacks. We designed this study to compare low-release (LR) and high-release (HR) ethanol lures in bottle traps for capturing invasive ambrosia beetles. We also compared beetle attacks among bolts pre-soaked in ethanol solutions of low (10%) and high (90%) concentrations and bolts cored and filled with the same low and high ethanol concentrations. In 2022, experiments were conducted in ornamental nurseries and apple, peach, or pecan orchards in five USA states. Higher numbers of <i>X. crassiusculus</i> and <i>X. germanus</i> were captured in bottle traps baited with the HR ethanol lure compared to the LR lure at most of the study sites. More attacks per bolt by <i>X. crassiusculus</i> and <i>X. germanus</i> were observed at most sites on pre-soaked and filled bolts with 90% compared to 10% solutions of ethanol. Bolts soaked in low (10%) ethanol solutions sustained more attacks from both <i>X. crassiusculus</i> and <i>X. germanus</i> than cored bolts filled with low ethanol. These results will assist with monitoring the flight activity of invasive ambrosia beetles within nut, fruit, and ornamental tree crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"74-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioural Response of Aromia bungii Adults to Volatile Compounds Emitted by Prunus persica at Different Physiological Statuses","authors":"Xin-yi Peng,&nbsp;Shuang Li,&nbsp;Xue-jin Yang,&nbsp;Yuan-yuan Zhou,&nbsp;Yujun Kong,&nbsp;Jian-rong Wei,&nbsp;Dan-dan Cao","doi":"10.1111/jen.13356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13356","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Aromia bungii</i> is a serious wood borer damaging <i>Prunus persica</i> and other numerous economic tree species. Host plant volatiles play a key role in pest population monitoring and trapping. To ascertain the influence of volatile organic compounds emitted by <i>P</i>. <i>persica</i> at varying physiological statuses on the host-searching behaviour of <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> adults, we initially collected and identified the volatiles emitted by <i>P</i>. <i>persica</i> leaves infested with <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Subsequently, we evaluated the behavioural response of <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> adults to the crude extracts, single compounds and blends of these compounds by Y-tube olfactometer bioassay. Results showed that volatiles emitted from <i>P</i>. <i>persica</i> infested with <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> larvae at Grade I were more attractive to females, but males were more attracted to volatiles from <i>P</i>. <i>persica</i> infested with <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> larvae at Grade IV. Five compounds were identified and showed relatively high levels from both infested plants at Grade I and Grade IV. Among them, 3-carene, <i>cis</i>-3-hexen-1-ol and <i>cis</i>-3-hexenyl acetate were attractive to females, and a blend of the three volatiles in a ratio of 3:91:6 for Grade I infestation was more attractive to females than a ratio of 3:83:14 from Grade IV infestation. The compounds, 3-carene, <i>cis</i>-3-hexenyl acetate, <i>cis</i>-3-hexene-1-ol and benzaldehyde, were attractive to males and a blend in a ratio of 3:81:13:3 from Grade IV infestation was more attractive to males than a ratio of 3:89:6:2 from Grade I infestation. The results show that the kinds and ratios of volatiles emitted from <i>P</i>. <i>persica</i> infested with <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> larvae play important roles in host-searching behaviour of <i>A</i>. <i>bungii</i> adults.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"47-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Monitoring Data of Forensically Important Blow Flies Be Transferred Between Cities?","authors":"Lena Lutz,&nbsp;Jens Amendt,&nbsp;Frank Reckel,&nbsp;Oliver Krebs,&nbsp;Sven Klimpel,&nbsp;Sarah Cunze","doi":"10.1111/jen.13354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of monitoring data to build prediction models for the abundance and activity of necrophagous blow flies is common practice in forensic entomology, but its advantages and disadvantages are still debated. A frequently asked question is the transferability of such species prediction models. So far no study has examined whether the assumption of low transferability of these data between cities and seasons holds true. In the present study, we evaluate whether models calibrated with a specific training data set from a specific place and time can be transferred to other data sets for different time periods and locations. We developed models using five different algorithms to predict the activity and abundance of four forensically relevant blow fly species (<i>Calliphora vicina</i> Robineau-Desvoidy, <i>Lucilia ampullacea</i> Villeneuve, <i>Lucilia caesar</i> (Linnaeus), <i>Lucilia sericata</i> (Meigen)). The training data set was obtained from a single city, and the transferability of the models was evaluated using monitoring data from this and three other cities. The geographic transferability of the models was confirmed for all algorithms, but only for two species, <i>C. vicina</i> and <i>L. sericata</i>, and for two of the four cities. <i>Lucilia caesar and L. ampullacea</i> were rare in the test data set, and their species-specific adaptation to environmental parameters was not captured by the models. Cities that did not work differed from the training data set in terms of climate and habitat features. To build generalised predictive models of blow fly abundance and activity, we need training data sets based on monitoring data from different regions, seasons and years to cover a wide range of environmental conditions. This is essential for describing and predicting natural variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Are the Phylogenetic Limits to Pollinator Diversity?","authors":"Jeff Ollerton","doi":"10.1111/jen.13355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13355","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although huge progress has been made over the past 200 years in identifying the diversity of pollinators of angiosperms and other plants, new discoveries continue to be made each year, especially in tropical areas and in the fossil record. In this perspective article I address the following questions: Just how diverse are the pollinators and what are the phylogenetic limits to that diversity? Which other groups of animals, not currently known to regularly engage with flowers, might be found to be pollinators in the future? Can we predict, from the fossil record and from discoveries in under-researched parts of the world, which animal groups might turn out in the future to contain pollinators? I also discuss why adding to our knowledge of plant–pollinator interactions is important, but also stress that an incomplete knowledge may not be a bad thing if it means that remote, inaccessible and relatively pristine parts of the world remain that way.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"697-703"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13355","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Protease Inhibitor Protein on Buchnera aphidicola and Gene Expression in Pea Aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum)","authors":"Tingting Zhang,&nbsp;Qiannan Li,&nbsp;Li Zheng,&nbsp;Jianjun Mao,&nbsp;Fanrong Zeng","doi":"10.1111/jen.13351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13351","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aphids are serious insect pests for agricultural and horticultural crops and may cause the major economic losses. Insecticides used to control aphids have caused environmental pollution and the insecticide residues in agricultural products. A new protease inhibitor gene from bacterium <i>Xenorhabdus bovienii</i> (Xbpi-1) and the protease inhibitor protein expressed by the gene against the pea aphid (<i>Acyrthosiphon pisum</i> Harris; Hemiptera: Aphididae) have been reported, however, effects of the PIP on the symbiotic bacteria, <i>Buchnera aphidicola</i>, and gene expression in pea aphids are unknown. By assessing the quantity of <i>B. aphidicola</i>, the primary symbiotic bacterium, in the aphid fed on an artificial diet containing 100 and 500 μg/mL Xbpi-1, we observed a substantial reduction in its population by 27% and 46%, respectively, as analysed by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, the growth of other aphid-associated bacteria was also significantly inhibited by Xbpi-1. To elucidate the mechanisms at the gene level, we conducted transcriptome analysis and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) analysis of the 213 DEGs shed light on the impact of Xbpi-1 on aphid metabolism processes and gene expression. Notably, the results highlighted several aphid nutrient metabolism pathways affected by Xbpi-1, which are relevant to vector-borne diseases. These pathways encompass crucial factors such as heat shock proteins, cuticle proteins and proteases. The results from this study revealed that the PIP had a novel mechanism against pea aphids by having adverse effects on the primary symbiotic bacteria in pea aphids and affecting aphid gene expression, showing that the PIP may be a promise bioinsecticide for aphid control in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bee Diversity and Abundance During Peach Bloom in South Carolina, United States","authors":"Mandeep Tayal,&nbsp;Christopher Wilson,&nbsp;Zoe Marquez de la Plata,&nbsp;Elizabeth Cieniewicz","doi":"10.1111/jen.13353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13353","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peach (<i>Prunus persica</i> [L.] Batsch) is an important speciality fruit crop in the United States. Peach is self-compatible, but bee pollination enhances fruit sets and diverse populations improve pollination efficiency. However, the bee diversity and abundance in peach orchards in South Carolina are unknown. To understand this, we sampled bees during peach tree bloom at two locations in South Carolina—the Clemson University Musser Fruit Research Center (MFRC) and a peach farm in Ridge Spring, South Carolina. Overall, a total of 651 bees were collected from peach orchards, of which <i>Bombus</i> (37%) and <i>Apis</i> (32%) were the most dominant genera, followed by <i>Eucera</i> (14%), <i>Andrena</i> (8%) and <i>Habropoda</i> (5%). Diversity indices indicate higher species richness and diversity at the Ridge Spring farm than at MFRC. Dominant species at the MFRC were <i>Apis mellifera</i> (36.77%), <i>Bombus bimaculatus (</i>29.1%), <i>B. griseocolis</i> (12%) and <i>Eucera hamata</i> (8%). In contrast, the Ridge Spring farm was dominated by <i>A. mellifera</i> (24.17%), <i>Habropoda laboriosa</i> (12%), <i>Andrena barbara</i> (12%), <i>E. atriventris</i> (11.72%) and <i>B. bimaculatus</i> (11.35%). In comparing the effectiveness of sampling methods, blue vane traps (BVTs) captured more bees than aerial sweep netting. Furthermore, BVTs predominantly captured larger-sized bees, while smaller-sized bees were more frequently collected using sweep netting. Throughout peach bloom, differences in bee abundance were observed over time as well. Our study sheds light on the bee diversity and abundance in South Carolina peach orchards, revealing variations between locations. This knowledge of bee diversity and abundance will provide baseline information on bee communities in peach orchards and will help develop suitable pollinator conservation programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 1","pages":"23-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13353","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}