Journal of Applied Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to ‘Reconstruction and Prediction of Invasive Cydia pomonella Population Dynamics: A Laboratory Study’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jen.13425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13425","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>Wang, Y.</span>, <span>Wei Z.-H.</span>, <span>Gao P.</span>, <span>Li Y.-T.</span>, <span>LV Y.-T.</span> and <span>Yang X.-Q</span>. <span>2025</span>. “Reconstruction and Prediction of Invasive <i>Cydia pomonella</i> Population Dynamics: A Laboratory Study.” <i>J Appl Entomol</i>, <span>149</span>: <span>157</span>–<span>164</span>. https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13368.\u0000 </p><p>In the paper by Wang et al. (2025), there was an error in the Materials and Methods section 2.2. The first sentence read “Healthy adult <i>C. pomonella</i> were carefully selected during the initial stage of eclosion” but this should have read “Healthy adult <i>C. pomonella</i> were segregated and then randomly selected during the initial stage of eclosion.”</p><p>Table 1 also contained errors due to an incorrect analysis. The correct table is shown below.</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p><p><b>TABLE 1</b>Three successive generations of coding moth reproduction data under different treatment conditions.\u0000 </p><p><i>Note:</i> The data included the number of eggs, larvae, pupae, and female and male adults per generation. Data is mean ± SEM.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 4","pages":"682-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Oscheius colombianus (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) in the Philippines and Its Virulence Against Different Developmental Stages of the Common Cutworm, Spodoptera litura","authors":"Mayvel D. Suan,&nbsp;Prakaijan Nimkingrat,&nbsp;Sitaram Aryal,&nbsp;Aashaq Hussain Bhat,&nbsp;Atirach Noosidum,&nbsp;Farid S. Ataya,&nbsp;Nanette Hope Sumaya","doi":"10.1111/jen.13418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13418","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera <i>Heterorhabditis</i> and <i>Steinernema</i> are widely used as biological control agents (BCAs) against agricultural insect pests. Recently, nematodes from the genus <i>Oscheius</i> have shown potential as candidates for biological control agents. In this study, two nematode populations from the agricultural fields in Bukidnon, Philippines, were isolated using the traditional insect soil baiting technique with superworm (<i>Zophobas morio</i>). Through morphological, morphometrical, and molecular analyses, these nematodes, labelled as BRT2 and CSS4, were identified as <i>Oscheius colombianus</i>, the country's first record of the species. Preliminary laboratory assays were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of the isolated nematodes against <i>Z. morio</i> larvae. The results showed that the isolate BRT2 exhibited higher efficacy than the isolate CSS4. Isolate BRT2 was tested against different developmental stages of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> and effectively controlled all stages. The fourth and fifth instar larvae showed the highest susceptibility within 72–96 h post-inoculation at various test concentrations (500, 300 and 100 IJs/larvae). However, 2-day-old pupae had the lowest mortality rate among all treatments, with the commercially available <i>Steinernema siamkayai</i> Thai strain (SST1) serving as the standard control. This study highlights the potential of locally isolated nematodes as biocontrol agents for combating different stages of <i>S. litura</i>. The findings contribute to the growing research on EPNs and their applications in agricultural pest management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"795-810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Phenology and Population Trends of Lepidopteran Cone Pests in South Swedish Spruce Seed Orchards","authors":"Olle Anderbrant,&nbsp;Glenn P. Svensson,&nbsp;Hong-Lei Wang,&nbsp;Erling V. Jirle,&nbsp;Christer Löfstedt","doi":"10.1111/jen.13420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13420","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Regeneration of Norway spruce, <i>Picea abies</i>, forests is to a large extent depending on the production of seeds from high quality plus trees in orchards. However, the seed yield is variable and unpredictable due to weather, pest insects and diseases. Thus, more knowledge is needed to improve planning of harvest and mitigation of pests and diseases to secure future forest regeneration. In this study, we used pheromone traps and cone inventory to document the phenology and population trends of three important lepidopteran seed and cone consumers, viz. the spruce seed moth, <i>Cydia strobilella,</i> the spruce coneworm, <i>Dioryctria abietella</i> and the cloaked pug, <i>Eupithecia abietaria</i>, in six south Swedish orchards over 6 years. The flight period of <i>C. strobilella</i> was concentrated in May, whereas <i>D. abietella</i> had an extended flight period from May to October, and <i>E. abietaria</i> mainly flew in June and early July. Population densities measured by trap catch and cone density fluctuated between years and orchards, despite these were located within 74 km of each other. For <i>C. strobilella</i>, but not for <i>D. abietella</i>, there was a significant relationship between the number of males captured per trap and the number of larvae per ha or the proportion of infested cones in the subsequent generation. No significant relationships occurred between larval density and trap catch the following year (within generation) for any of the species. Notably, the trap catches were high also after years almost void of breeding material, that is, cones. Our results indicate that we still lack information on several parameters essential for reliable predictions of population trends, such as prolonged diapause, winter survival and the presence and abundance of natural enemies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"811-822"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Temperature and Diet on Population Dynamics and Reproduction in Ephestia elutella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)","authors":"Yao Huang,&nbsp;Houding Ou,&nbsp;Xiuqin Wang,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Lan Wei,&nbsp;Xiaofei Yu,&nbsp;Yi Mao,&nbsp;Maofa Yang","doi":"10.1111/jen.13419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13419","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Ephestia elutella</i> (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), an omnivorous pest with a wide range of hosts, is responsible for the damage and loss of many stored commodities. However, the parasitoid wasp <i>Habrobracon hebetor</i> (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) utilises 5th instars of <i>E. elutella</i> larvae to breed. In order to support the large-scale production of <i>E. elutella</i> for research and parasitoid rearing, we explored the effects of diet (artificial diet and tobacco) on the mortality, developmental duration, adult longevity, fecundity, and population parameters of <i>E. elutella</i> reared at 19°C, 22°C, 25°C, 28°C, and 31°C using age-stage, two-sex life tables. Increasing the temperature from 19°C to 31°C significantly affected the stage-specific mortality, reproductive parameters, and population parameters of <i>E. elutella</i>. Specifically, both developmental duration and adult longevity decreased with increasing temperature. For both diets, pre-adult mortality was lowest at 25°C but was lower overall in populations fed an artificial diet. The developmental duration, adult longevity, and mean generation time (<i>T</i>) were significantly lower in populations fed an artificial diet, whereas the intrinsic rate of increase (<i>r</i>) and finite rate of increase (<i>λ</i>) were significantly lower in populations fed tobacco leaves. Temperature appears to have a significant effect on the development and reproduction of <i>E. elutella</i>, and a combination of 25°C and artificial diet may be the most conducive to large-scale breeding. This study provides a theoretical basis for the mass rearing of <i>E. elutella</i> to support pest control applications in tobacco warehouses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"769-784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis to Identify Resistance Genes Associated With Tomato Varieties in Response to MED Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)","authors":"Hailong Kong,&nbsp;Yuxuan Chen,&nbsp;Rongli Hu,&nbsp;Taimur Muhammad,&nbsp;Suwan Jiang,&nbsp;Zhiwei Chen,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Zicheng Fan,&nbsp;Chen Luo,&nbsp;Xiaobin Shi,&nbsp;Qingjun Wu,&nbsp;Youjun Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jen.13424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13424","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is a serious insect pest of tomato crops. Our previous study revealed that the tomato varieties JinLingHongYu and ShiTouDaFen are resistant and susceptible to MED <i>B. tabaci</i>, respectively. In this study, we focused on determining the transcriptional response of these two tomato varieties before and after infestation with <i>B. tabaci</i> using Illumina sequencing. A total of 629, 859, 512 clear reads were mapped to the tomato reference genome. According to the filtering threshold (log2 ratio ≥ 2, false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05), 727 differentially expressed genes (379 upregulated and 348 downregulated) were identified in the susceptible tomato variety before and after infestation, respectively, while 1060 (537 upregulated and 523 downregulated) were identified in the resistant tomato variety. The Unigenes might be involved in the tomato variety resistance genes to <i>B. tabaci</i>, such as receptor-like kinase, the cell-wall-modifying enzymes of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase family, expansin, tryptophan-arginine tyrosine transcription factor, cytochrome P450, GDSL esterase/lipase, Nucleotide-binding adaptor shared by Apaf1, R proteins and CED-4 (NB-ARC) and F-box. To verify the results of the transcriptome analysis, 18 genes were randomly chosen and subjected to RT–qPCR. The RT–qPCR results were the same as those of the transcriptome analysis. The present results provide important information on <i>B. tabaci</i> resistance mechanisms in tomato varieties that will be useful for further studies of the molecular mechanisms of this resistance and for breeding new pest-resistant varieties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"785-794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Leiodes cinnamomeus (Coleoptera: Leiodidae) Populations in a Black Truffle Orchard From Northeast Spain","authors":"Emily Silva Araujo,&nbsp;Sergio Sánchez,&nbsp;José M. Mirás-Avalos,&nbsp;Pedro Marco,&nbsp;Sergi García-Barreda","doi":"10.1111/jen.13421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13421","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Black truffle, <i>Tuber melanosporum</i> Vittad., production is increasing due to an improvement in cultivation management and to the demand for this highly appreciated fungus. However, this intensification of truffle cultivation has led to the appearance of problems related to pest incidence. Specifically, the truffle beetle, <i>Leiodes cinnamomeus</i> (Panzer, 1793) (Coleoptera: Leiodidae), causes significant losses in black truffle marketability. However, its biology is still poorly known, and no effective agro-ecological methods exist to mitigate its damage to the truffles. This study aimed at assessing the population dynamics of <i>L. cinnamomeus</i> over four seasons (2019–2023) in an orchard located in NE Spain and relating these dynamics to weather variables and damage to truffle fruit bodies. Moreover, we described the diversity of arthropods captured in the traps in search of potential natural enemies of this beetle. The maximum population peak was observed in November, except for a single season in which it occurred in December. Moreover, the sex ratio was balanced (0.54 on average), but it varied over the growing season and among years. Significant and positive relationships of the population density of truffle beetles with air temperature and relative humidity were observed. The number of beetles per trap and day was strongly linked to heat accumulation. Finally, the Carabid <i>Percus</i> (<i>Pseudopercus</i>) <i>patruelis</i> (L. Daufour, 1820) was identified as a natural enemy of <i>L. cinnamomeus</i>. These results could be used in the future for monitoring and predicting truffle beetle populations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"745-756"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Identification of Agrilus anxius (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Using a qPCR Assay With Locked Nucleic Acid (LNA) Probe","authors":"Domenico Rizzo,&nbsp;Francesco Pecori,&nbsp;Michela Moriconi,&nbsp;Claudia Gabriela Zubieta,&nbsp;Bruno Palmigiano,&nbsp;Linda Bartolini,&nbsp;Alice Downes,&nbsp;Chiara Ranaldi,&nbsp;Viola Papini,&nbsp;Nicola Luchi,&nbsp;Alberto Santini","doi":"10.1111/jen.13423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present study, a biomolecular diagnostic assay based on qPCR-LNA (Locked Nucleic Acid) probes was developed for the identification of <i>Agrilus anxius</i> (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) from adult insects. The performance of the new protocol was also evaluated for indirect diagnosis of the insect's presence on artificially contaminated frass. The designed primer and probe were able to distinguish <i>in silico</i> all <i>A. anxius</i> samples from nontarget species, with a 100% match with homologous sequences found in GenBank databases. The molecular assay was sensitive, specific and repeatable. The analytical sensitivity (limit of detection—LoD) for <i>A. anxius</i> adults and artificially contaminated frass was 6.4 fg/μL and 0.08 pg/μL, respectively. This assay, by analysing eDNA samples, will allow the insect's early detection in an area before it has caused major impact. eDNA analysis is becoming an increasingly used tool in the spatial survey programs of phytosanitary services and could play a decisive role in pest surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"757-768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13423","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementary Diets Impact the Abundance of Core Bacteria in the Gut of a Managed Stingless Bee but Not Its Fat Body Size","authors":"Karen Luisa Haag,&nbsp;Anelise Fernandes e Silva,&nbsp;Henrique da Rocha Moreira Antoniolli,&nbsp;Luísa Moraes Dornelles,&nbsp;Maríndia Deprá","doi":"10.1111/jen.13422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13422","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The management of stingless bees is an expanding activity that requires technical knowledge in order to face a number of challenges, from malnutrition to disease. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of supplementary diets based on sucrose (100% sucrose syrup or 50% sucrose syrup + 50% dried spirulina) on fat body mass and on the gut-associated microbiota of <i>Melipona quadrifasciata</i>, one of the most important species in Brazilian stingless bee farming. The study was performed over 5 months, from the end of spring until the end of summer, when outbreaks of an annual disease occur. Both the fungal and bacterial microbiota were metabarcoded using ITS2 and 16S gene markers, respectively. Our experimental design aimed at incorporating both seasonal and treatment effects of diet on forager gut microbial composition. Our analyses show that supplementing bees' diet with sucrose-based feed does not affect the amount of fat body of forager bees. In contrast, it alters the composition of the gut microbiota characterised by an increase in the relative abundance of acetic acid bacteria and unclassified lactobacilli. The significance of such changes promoted by a sucrose-rich gut environment concerning bee health needs to be further investigated and carefully considered for stingless bee management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"737-744"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143938738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Spring Temperatures Advance Post-Diapause Swarming and Prolong the Reproductive Period in the Bark Beetle Ips typographus","authors":"Sven Hofmann,&nbsp;Martin Schebeck,&nbsp;Markus Kautz","doi":"10.1111/jen.13404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13404","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diapause is a common strategy in insects to respond to reoccurring adverse events. The European spruce bark beetle <i>Ips typographus</i> is an important forest pest in Eurasia affecting spruce-dominated forests by eruptive outbreaks, which are likely to become more frequent and severe in a changing climate. It expresses a reproductive diapause to cope with harsh winter conditions. As diapause also affects the activity and voltinism of <i>I. typographus</i>, understanding its regulation by abiotic environmental factors can help to mitigate outbreak risks, for example, by coordinating management measures or adapting silvicultural strategies. While diapause induction in late summer and autumn has been shown to be mainly triggered by photoperiod and modified by temperature, information on environmental cues affecting post-diapause swarming in spring is scarce. In late winter/early spring 2021 and 2023, we conducted a laboratory experiment assessing spring swarming and reproductive potential of <i>I. typographus</i> after diapause termination, applying various temperature and photoperiodic conditions. We used mean temperatures between 13°C and 23°C with daily oscillations of ±5°C and daylengths between 9 h and 14 h (January–April). Post-diapause temperature sums had the strongest effect on spring swarming, modified by daily maximum temperatures, while photoperiod had only a small and ambiguous effect. In contrast, the reproductive potential of dispersing beetles remained almost unaffected by temperature sum, daily temperature and photoperiod. Our results show that spring swarming can potentially start as soon as cold temperatures have terminated diapause in mid-winter. Ongoing climate warming will consequently extend the reproductive season, likely increasing voltinism and population densities of <i>I. typographus</i>. Our findings can be implemented in phenology and risk assessment models to predict the temperature-dependent phenology and infestation risk in a future climate more accurately, to support bark beetle management (e.g., sanitation and salvage logging) and guide long-term silvicultural adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 5","pages":"725-736"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Pest Management in Pigeonpea: Progress and Prospects","authors":"Trevor M. Volp,&nbsp;Babu L. Jat,&nbsp;Jagdish Jaba,&nbsp;Myron P. Zalucki,&nbsp;Michael J. Furlong","doi":"10.1111/jen.13414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13414","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pigeonpea is one of the world's most important grain legume crops. Mostly grown and consumed in India, where it is a staple food, pigeonpea production also occurs elsewhere in Asia, Africa, Latin America and Australia. Despite widespread cultivation and staple food status, pigeonpea yields have barely increased over the last half century. The prevalence and severity of insect pests present major constraints to increasing pigeonpea yields. Two of the most significant pests of pigeonpea are the lepidopteran ‘pod-borers’–<i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> and <i>Maruca vitrata</i>. The pod fly (<i>Melanagromyza obtusa</i>) and several species of pod-feeding Hemiptera are also regular pests, and numerous other minor or sporadic pests have been recorded throughout the cultivated distribution of the crop. Current pigeonpea pest management practices rely heavily on the application of synthetic insecticides. Most research has focused on the management of <i>H. armigera</i>, <i>M. vitrata</i> and <i>M. obtusa</i> due to their damaging feeding behaviour, and the propensity of <i>H. armigera</i> to evolve resistance to synthetic insecticides. Not surprisingly, pest management in pigeonpea is largely based around these three major pests, particularly the lepidopteran pod-borers which appear to be more damaging to modern short-duration cultivars than to older cultivars. A large amount of research has attempted to develop pigeonpea cultivars with conventional host-plant resistance to pod-borers and pod fly, but with limited success. Future pigeonpea pest management research should take a more integrated approach, exploring underexamined areas such as: understanding how modern pigeonpea varieties and traditional landraces respond to pest herbivory, identifying what cultural control methods are available to smallholder farmers, and investigating how biological control can be incorporated into management practices. Future research has the potential to develop IPM strategies in pigeonpea and provide farmers with an alternative to an unsustainable dependence on synthetic insecticides.</p>","PeriodicalId":14987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Entomology","volume":"149 4","pages":"661-681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jen.13414","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}