Journal of Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"Palatal segment contributions to midfacial anterior-posterior growth.","authors":"Ian C Welsh, Maria E Feiler, Danika Lipman, Isabel Mormile, Karissa Hansen, Christopher J Percival","doi":"10.1111/joa.14222","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anterior-posterior (A-P) elongation of the palate is a critical aspect of integrated midfacial morphogenesis. Reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal interactions drive secondary palate elongation that is coupled to the periodic formation of signaling centers within the rugae growth zone (RGZ). However, the relationship between RGZ-driven morphogenetic processes, the differentiative dynamics of underlying palatal bone mesenchymal precursors, and the segmental organization of the upper jaw has remained enigmatic. A detailed ontogenetic study of these relationships is important because palatal segment growth is a critical aspect of normal midfacial growth, can produce dysmorphology when altered, and is a likely basis for evolutionary differences in upper jaw morphology. We completed a combined whole mount gene expression and morphometric analysis of normal murine palatal segment growth dynamics and resulting upper jaw morphology. Our results demonstrated that the first formed palatal ruga (ruga 1), found just posterior to the RGZ, maintained an association with important nasal, neurovascular and palatal structures throughout early midfacial development. This suggested that these features are positioned at a proximal source of embryonic midfacial directional growth. Our detailed characterization of midfacial morphogenesis revealed a one-to-one relationship between palatal segments and upper jaw bones during the earliest stages of palatal elongation. Growth of the maxillary anlage within the anterior secondary palate is uniquely coupled to RGZ-driven morphogenesis. This may help drive the unequaled proportional elongation of the anterior secondary palate segment prior to palatal shelf fusion. Our results also demonstrated that the future maxillary-palatine suture, approximated by the position of ruga 1 and consistently associated with the palatine anlage, formed predominantly via the posterior differentiation of the maxilla within the expanding anterior secondary palate. Our ontogenetic analysis provides a novel and detailed picture of the earliest spatiotemporal dynamics of intramembranous midfacial skeletal specification and differentiation within the context of the surrounding palatal segment A-P elongation and associated rugae formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity and hypoxia have differential effects on myocardial innervation in the right ventricle of the male mouse heart.","authors":"Louisa-Chiara Mierswa, Julia Schipke, Christian Mühlfeld","doi":"10.1111/joa.14221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity, along with hypoxia, is known to be a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension (PH), which can lead to right ventricular hypertrophy and eventually heart failure. Both obesity and PH influence the autonomic nervous system (ANS), potentially aggravating changes in the right ventricle (RV). This study investigates the combined effects of obesity and hypoxia on the autonomic innervation of the RV in a mouse model. Male C57BL/6N mice were subjected to a control diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 30 weeks, with subsets of the mice exposed to chronic normobaric hypoxia (13% O₂) during the final 3 weeks. Light and electron microscopic stereology was used to quantify various parameters of nerve fibres innervating the RV myocardium. HFD-induced obesity significantly increased the total length of nerve fibres and axons in the RV under normoxic conditions, indicating hyperinnervation. Quantitatively, the length density of nerve fibres per unit volume of RV (unit: x10^-3 µm^-2) was similar in CD (0.158 ± 0.04), CD-Hyp (0.176 ± 0.06) and HFD-Hyp (0.147 ± 0.05). In contrast, in HFD the length density of nerve fibres showed higher values 0.206 ± 0.054. The total length of nerve fibres increased by 67% from 2.61 m ± 0.77 m in CD to 4.37 m ± 1.51 m in HFD. The total length of axons increased by 80% from 8.87 m ± 2.75 m to 15.95 m ± 4.62 m. However, when obesity was combined with hypoxia, the total axon length was significantly reduced by 27% in HFD-Hyp compared with HFD. In addition, the mean number of axon profiles per nerve fibre profile decreased from 3.44 ± 0.68 in HFD to 2.95 ± 0.43 in HFD-Hyp. Interestingly, chronic hypoxia alone did not significantly alter RV innervation but led to RV hypertrophy, independent of the diet. The attenuation of obesity-induced hyperinnervation by hypoxia suggests a complex and potentially antagonistic interaction between these conditions. In conclusion, obesity induced by a HFD caused hyperinnervation of the RV, whereas chronic hypoxia alone did not significantly alter RV innervation. Surprisingly, chronic hypoxia attenuated the obesity-induced changes in RV innervation. These findings indicate that the effects of obesity and hypoxia-induced PH on RV innervation are distinct and potentially antagonistic.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel workflow for multi-modal imaging of musculoskeletal tissues.","authors":"Anya König, Brenton L Cavanagh, Isabel Amado, Amit Kalra, Bohnejie A Ogon, Paige V Hinton, Oran D Kennedy","doi":"10.1111/joa.14202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the World Health Organization (WHO) musculoskeletal conditions are a leading contributor to disability worldwide. This fact is often somewhat overlooked, since musculoskeletal conditions are less likely to be associated with mortality. Nonetheless, treatments, therapies and management of these conditions are extremely costly to national healthcare systems. As with all systemic conditions, biomedical imaging of relevant tissues plays a major role in understanding the fundamental biological processes involved in musculoskeletal health. However, the skeletal system with its relatively large proportion of dense, opaque (often mineralised) tissues can often be more challenging to image, and recently important advances have been made in imaging these complex musculoskeletal tissues. Thus, we here describe a novel workflow in which recent advanced imaging techniques have been modified and optimised for use in musculoskeletal tissues (specifically bone and cartilage). This will allow for investigations, of different phases of these tissues, at new and higher resolutions. Furthermore, the process has been designed to fit with the existing and standard processes which are typically used with these samples (i.e. μCT imaging and standard histology). The additional modalities which have been included here are second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging, tissue clearing, specifically the Passive Clear Lipid-exchanged Acrylamide-hybridised Rigid Imaging Tissue hYdrogel (CLARITY) method known as PACT, and then imaging of these tissues with confocal, multiphoton and light-sheet microscopy. This paper serves to introduce a combination of existing new methods and improvements in imaging of musculoskeletal tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Illuminating the dark mess of fibers: Application of circular cross polarized light in unravelling the bone tissue structure of the dermal pectoral girdle of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis.","authors":"Sudipta Kalita, Elżbieta M Teschner, Dorota Konietzko-Meier","doi":"10.1111/joa.14197","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current understanding of the histology of the dermoskeleton of tetrapods comes from fossilized and recent remains of skulls, osteoderms, carapace, plastron and other postcranial material which were always investigated using linear cross polarized light (LCPL) microscopy. The pectoral girdle of vast majority of non-amniote tetrapods, including temnospondyls evolved large ventrally located dermal bones- the interclavicle and a pair of clavicles. Despite that, there is a lack of information about the bone tissue structure from these postcranial dermal bones. This study used circular cross polarized light (CCPL) to investigate the bone tissue composition and structure from the pectoral dermoskeleton of Metoposaurus krasiejowensis, a Late Triassic temnospondyl known to have evolved massive pectoral dermal bones which could have played a role in buoyancy control in these aquatic amphibians. This novel technique shines light into the fine structure of interwoven structural fibers (ISF), a common matrix found in ossified dermal tissues, is a mesh of loops and strands of collagen instead of a lattice patterned matrix as described previously by using LCPL in previous studies that dealt with ossified elements of dermal origin. Our result of ISF is achieved by eliminating bone fiber extinction under CCPL visualization. This feature of CCPL also sheds light into the transitional forms between interwoven and parallel-fibered matrices which was never previously observed. This study shows that the historical understanding of histology of bone tissue from skeletal dermal elements is limited not only due to lack of sampling but also due to the limitations of mineralized tissue visualization with LCPL.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative developmental study of the avian syrinx: Insights into the homology of the sound-producing muscles in birds","authors":"Taro Nojiri,&nbsp;Yasuko Tobari,&nbsp;Toshiko Furutera,&nbsp;Koichiro Ichimura,&nbsp;Masaki Takechi","doi":"10.1111/joa.14189","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14189","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The anatomical innovation of sound-producing organs, which gives rise to a wide variety of sound signals, is one of the most fundamental factors leading to the explosive speciation of modern birds. Despite being a key clue to resolving the homology of sound-controlling muscles among birds, only few studies have explored the embryonic development of syringeal muscles. Using serial histological sections and immunohistochemistry, we described the three-dimensional anatomy and development of the cartilage, muscle, and innervation pattern of the tracheobronchi in three avian species: domestic fowls, cockatiels, and zebra finches. Crucially, the muscle primordia of the syringeal and tracheobronchial muscles develop from the caudal end of the lateral tracheal muscle in cockatiels and zebra finches. Furthermore, the tracheobronchial and syringeal muscle primordia of the zebra finches are subsequently split during embryonic development. Based on our findings on the identity of muscle primordia development and innervation pattern of the hypoglossal nerve between the cockatiels and zebra finches, we suggest that the muscle component traditionally documented as the superficial syringeal muscle in parrots is homologous to the tracheobronchial and ventral syringeal muscles of the zebra finches. These facts not only orchestrate the terminological discrepancies among previous studies, but also suggest that the syringeal muscles were acquired by the anatomical innovation of the lateral tracheal muscles in the common ancestor of the parrots and passerines, and further compartmentalized in the passerines, perhaps leading to a wide song repertoire for acoustic communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 3","pages":"444-455"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issue Cover (February 2025)","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/joa.14088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <b>Front cover:</b>\u0000 </p><p>Cover image: see S.I. Quiñones and colleagues, 'Ontogeny and associated changes of the extinct sloth <i>Simomylodon uccasamamensis</i> (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of the eastern Puna, Argentina', this issue.\u0000</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 2","pages":"i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14088","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dorsal raphe nucleus receives retinal projections of morphologically distinct fibers in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus): A subunit B cholera labeling.","authors":"Nelyane N M Santana, Wellydo K M Escarião, Eryck H A Silva, Felipe P Fiuza, Expedito S Nascimento Júnior, Miriam S M O Costa, Rovena Clara Engelberth, Jeferson S Cavalcante","doi":"10.1111/joa.14218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-image forming (NIF) pathways, a specialized branch of retinal circuitry, play a crucial role supporting physiological and behavioral processes, including circadian rhythmicity. Among the NIF regions, the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), a midbrain serotonergic cluster of neurons, is also devoted to circadian functions. Despite indirectly send photic inputs to circadian centers and modulating their activities, little is known about the organization of retina-DRN circuits in primate species. To enhance our understanding of the intrinsic organization of NIF circuits and identify retinoraphe innervation in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), a diurnal non-human primate model, we employed an anterograde tract-tracing method to labeling terminal/fibers with cholera toxin subunit B (CTb) and characterized the morphology of their projections. Our analysis revealed that sparse CTb⁺ retinal terminals are predominantly located in dorsal subdomain of the DRN, displaying two morphological types, such as simple en passant and R2-like terminals. This anatomical evidence suggests a phylogenetic stability of the retina-DRN projections in diurnal primate species, potentially serving as a significant source of photic modulation on the serotonergic profile in the DRN. However, functional significance in primate models remains uncertain. Our data provide a crucial anatomical foundation for understanding the functional aspect of this circuitry in primates, contributing to the comprehension of the phylogenetic pathways used by NIF functions, such as circadian rhythmicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhythmic categories in horse gait kinematics","authors":"Lia Laffi,&nbsp;Félix Bigand,&nbsp;Christian Peham,&nbsp;Giacomo Novembre,&nbsp;Marco Gamba,&nbsp;Andrea Ravignani","doi":"10.1111/joa.14200","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14200","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anecdotally, horses' gaits sound rhythmic. Are they really? In this study, we quantified the motor rhythmicity of horses across three different gaits (walk, trot, and canter). For the first time, we adopted quantitative tools from bioacoustics and music cognition to quantify locomotor rhythmicity. Specifically, we tested whether kinematics data contained rhythmic categories; these occur when adjacent temporal intervals are categorically, rather than randomly, distributed. We extracted the motion cycle duration (t_k) of two ipsilateral hooves from motion data of 13 ridden horses and calculated the ratios from two successive t_k values. We tested whether these ratios significantly fell within rhythmic categories and quantified how close they were to small-integer ratios, a rhythmic feature also present in animal vocalizations and human music. We found a strong isochronous pattern—a 1:1 rhythmic ratio, corresponding to the ticking of a clock—in the motion of single limbs for all gaits. We also analyzed the interlimb coordination of the two ipsilateral hooves' impacts to identify differences associated with the biomechanical patterns of the three gaits. We found an interlimb 1:1 rhythmic pattern for trot and 1:3 and 3:1 rhythmic categories for walk and canter. Our findings are a first step toward quantifying rhythmicity in horse locomotion and potentially the resulting rhythmic sounds, with possible implications as tools to detect gait irregularities. Overall, we show that rhythmic categories are a valuable tool for gait kinematic analysis and that they can be used to quantify temporal patterns in the motor domain.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 3","pages":"456-465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological study of the anterior dentition in Raoellidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), new insight on their dietary habits.","authors":"Hugo Bouaziz, Maëva J Orliac, Mohd Waqas, Rajendra Singh Rana, Thierry Smith, Romain Weppe","doi":"10.1111/joa.14209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joa.14209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Raoellidae are small artiodactyls from the Indian subcontinent closely related to stem cetaceans. They bring crucial information to understand the early phase of the land-to-water transition in Cetacea. If they are considered to be partly aquatic, the question of their dietary habits remains partly understood due to their \"transitional\" morphology. Raoellidae are largely documented by their cheek teeth and getting a better knowledge of their anterior dentition constitutes an additional proxy to discuss their feeding habits. In this work, we document the anterior dentition of Indohyus indirae from an unprecedented sample of in situ and isolated teeth from the locality of East Aiji-2 in the Kalakot area (Rajouri district, India). We propose identification criteria for upper and lower incisors and canines in raoellids. Based on CT scan data, virtual reconstruction of in situ dentition, and identification of the isolated incisors and canines, we reconstruct a composite anterior dentition of Indohyus supported by the correspondence of wear facets between upper and lower teeth. This constitutes the first attempt at reconstruction of the anterior dentition of a raoellid. We show that the upper incisors are caniniform and very similar morphologically, whereas the lower incisors are pointed but remain incisiform and quite different from one another. We also describe noticeable intraspecific variation, at the level of upper canines, suggesting a potential sexual dimorphism in this species. Upper and lower incisors are recurved, with the upper incisor row arranged on a widely opened arch. Taken altogether the anterior dentition forms a grasping device, allowing the animal to capture and secure food, a characteristic shared with stem cetaceans. This would mark the first step towards the carnivorous diet in these peculiar artiodactyls.</p>","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical variations in hearing and sound production in amniotes","authors":"Laura A. B. Wilson,&nbsp;Jason Bourke,&nbsp;Daisuke Koyabu","doi":"10.1111/joa.14215","DOIUrl":"10.1111/joa.14215","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Vertebrates use their senses to interact with their environments through a diverse array of behaviours that are underpinned by an equally expansive suite of adaptive features, which redeploy evolutionarily ancient sensory cell types (Schlosser, &lt;span&gt;2018&lt;/span&gt;). In this special issue of the Journal of Anatomy, our authors present novel data on some of the remarkable sensory features of birds, mammals and reptiles. This collection of studies captures aerial, terrestrial and aquatic sensory capabilities, across both extant and extinct taxa. Collectively, the authors illuminate soft and hard tissue features of the auditory and vocal apparatus using a suite of imaging and analytic techniques, besides presenting novel behavioural and kinematic data to capture the dynamic and emergent properties of sensory input.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Beginning with bats, the second most diversified group of mammals (Simmons, &lt;span&gt;2005&lt;/span&gt;) and the only group to have coupled self-powered flight (Rayner, &lt;span&gt;1988&lt;/span&gt;) with echolocation, our issue includes two detailed examinations of craniofacial development (Meguro et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Pommery et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). These authors focus on the upper jaw complex (Pommery et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) and the orofacial complex (Meguro et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) in relation to the remarkable ability of bats to engage in laryngeal echolocation, an example of ‘active sensing’ (Nelson &amp; MacIver, &lt;span&gt;2006&lt;/span&gt;) that allows bats to probe both the vast night sky and the complicated geometry of cave environments. Most bats produce high-frequency vocalisations and use their auditory apparatus to perceive the reflected echoes from their environment. Captured auditory information is then processed in specific regions of the brain (Teeling, &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;) allowing bats to navigate and hunt in pitch darkness. Several aspects of this astounding sensory system have been investigated. Particularly, recent studies in the fields of anatomy and evolutionary morphology, facilitated by micro-Computed Tomography (microCT) and diffusible iodine contrast-enhanced staining of soft tissues (Gignac et al., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;), have assessed the patterning and magnitude of variation in features of the inner ear (e.g. Davies et al., &lt;span&gt;2013&lt;/span&gt;; Nojiri et al., &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Sulser et al., &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;) and larynx (e.g. Brualla et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;; Carter, &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Snipes &amp; Carter, &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;). Here, Meguro and colleagues (Meguro et al., &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) shift focus to present novel three-dimensional descriptions of embryonic orofacial development, examining the development of orofacial clefting, which has been suggested to have a functional role in echolocation (Arbour et al., &lt;span&gt;2019&lt;/span&gt;; Curtis et al., &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;; Orr et al., &lt;span&gt;2016&lt;/span&gt;). With an evolutionary sample, Meguro et al. (&lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;) characterize orofacial morphotypes among non-lary","PeriodicalId":14971,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Anatomy","volume":"246 3","pages":"327-330"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/joa.14215","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143005389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}