Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidant Capacity of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Essential Oil and Its Effect on In Vivo Fertility of Rams Subjected to Testicle Heat Stress","authors":"Samia Khnissi,&nbsp;Imène Ben Salem,&nbsp;Bochra Bejaoui,&nbsp;Sami Fattouch,&nbsp;Souha ben Mustapha,&nbsp;Rami Haj-Kacem,&nbsp;Naceur M'Hamdi,&nbsp;Patrick Martin,&nbsp;Maria Dattena,&nbsp;Narjess Lassoued","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14063","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The detrimental effects of hyperthermia on the testes and the protective effect of thyme essential oil against testicular damage induced by this stress in rams were studied. Twenty-four rams of the Barbarine breed with an average weight of 62.5 ± 0.3 kg and an average age of 24 ± 0.6 months. The experiment consisted of inducing localized heat stress on the first group of rams by applying heat bags to both testicles of six rams (G s). The second group underwent the same heat stress on the testes but received orally 100 µL/day/animal of thyme essential oil (G s-he). A positive control did not undergo stress but received thyme essential oil (G he) with the same doses as the (G s-he) group, and the negative control did not undergo either stress or receive the essential oil of thyme (G c). One hundred twenty-eight adult ewes of the same breed divided into four groups of 32 ewes were used to study the effect of different treatments on the in vivo ram's fertility. Ewes are synchronized and we have applied natural mating with oestrus control, the reproduction balance sheet is calculated after lambing. The results showed that tests of heat stress (HS) negatively affect semen quality but did not cause infertility. However, neither tests for heat stress nor treatment with thyme EO significantly affected the haematological profile. The study of the effect of heat stress on the testes on fertility in vivo showed a drop in the number of females who were fertilized at the first oestrus and consequently a drop in fertility. However, the rams that suffered the same stress but were treated with EO thymus recorded an improvement in these parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"437-448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14063","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Hybrid Rye Ground to Two Particle Sizes and Fed With or Without Multienzyme Supplement to Young Growing Pigs","authors":"Jichen Song,&nbsp;Claus H. Heuer,&nbsp;Rob Patterson,&nbsp;Charles M. Nyachoti","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14053","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A newly developed hybrid rye with enhanced ergot resistance has potential as an alternative energy source for pigs. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of particle size (PS) and multienzyme supplement (MES) on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in hybrid rye fed to growing pigs. Bono and Gatano, two hybrid rye varieties, were ground to either a coarse (1111 and 1210 μm) or a fine (594 and 717 μm) PS using a hammer mill. Eighteen ileal-cannulated barrows (initial BW = 18.2 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly assigned to 1 of 9 dietary treatments in a replicated 9 × 3 incomplete Latin square design to give six observations per treatment. Among the nine experimental diets, eight featured two hybrid rye varieties (Bono or Gatano), either coarsely or finely ground, as the only source of AA with or without MES, while an N-free diet was used to estimate the endogenous losses of AA at the distal ileum. All diets contained titanium dioxide as an indigestible marker. Each period lasted 9 days, with the first 5 days being for adaptation followed by 2 days each for faecal and ileal digesta collection. Data were analysed using the MIXED procedure of SAS, with the final model having variety, PS, MES, their two-way interactions, and a three-way interaction. No interactions were noted except that the apparent ileal digestibility and SID of crude protein (CP) and most AA in Gatano had greater effects of MES than Bono (Variety × MES; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The ATTD of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE) and CP were greater (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in Bono diets than in Gatano diets. Finely ground hybrid rye diets had higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) ATTD of neutral detergent fibre assayed with a heat stable amylase and expressed inclusive of residual ash (NDF) and ether extract compared to coarsely ground hybrid rye diets. Dietary MES supplementation increased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) the ATTD of DM, GE, CP, NDF, acid detergent fibre expressed inclusive of residual ash, and ash in hybrid rye diets. In conclusion, the nutrients digestibility of hybrid rye can be affected by its variety. PS reduction improved the nutrient digestibility in hybrid rye, and MES supplementation improved the energy and AA digestibility in hybrid rye fed to growing pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"411-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142500842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Microbial Ecosystems and Serum Metabolomics by Diet Supplementation With Enramycin in Weaning Piglets","authors":"Kana Umemura,&nbsp;Shiho Miyata,&nbsp;Guanlin Lyu,&nbsp;Yoshihito Suda,&nbsp;Yuto Yoshimoto,&nbsp;Taiki Terajima,&nbsp;Hong Liu,&nbsp;Jun Kambe,&nbsp;Yuko Makioka-Itaya,&nbsp;Ryo Inoue,&nbsp;Chunmei Li,&nbsp;Yuki Yamamoto,&nbsp;Kentaro Nagaoka","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14059","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14059","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antibiotics are used in swine production for growth promotion and disease prevention, raising concerns about environmental contamination and antibiotic resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of enramycin supplementation on piglet growth, gut microbiota and blood metabolites. Enramycin promotes piglet growth and temporarily reduces diarrhoea. Gut microbiota analysis revealed changes in microbial composition, including an increase in the abundance of <i>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</i>. Metabolomic analysis has identified elevated levels of dimethylglycine, a known growth-promoting factor, in the enramycin group. Liver gene expression analysis revealed increased mRNA levels of ALDH and dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, which are enzymes involved in dimethylglycine metabolism. The enramycin-treated group had a higher concentration of acetic acid in caecal contents, and their caecal acetic acid concentrations were positively correlated with the abundance of <i>L. reuteri</i> and the content of serum dimethylglycine, respectively. These findings suggest that the promotion effect of enramycin on piglet growth is related to the gut microbiota, blood metabolites and liver gene expression, which provide insights into antibiotic alternatives for swine production.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"402-410"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural Feed Supplements From Crustacean Processing Side Streams for Improved Growth of Finfishes and Crustaceans: A Review","authors":"Ancy Ashraf,&nbsp;Sarasan Sabu,&nbsp;Abhilash Sasidharan,&nbsp;Kappat Valiyapeediyekkal Sunooj","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14058","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural feed additives of plant/animal/microbial origin are researched as supplements in aquaculture to improve the properties of feed, minimize the usage of chemical alternatives, reduce food safety risks and ensure sustainability to combat global food and nutritional security. Side streams generated during shellfish processing possess valuable ingredients: protein, lipids, carotenoids, minerals and chitins. Considering the current trend of organic farming and antibiotic-free fish and shellfish, crustacean processing side streams and their derivatives seem promising and emerging resources as natural additives/supplements for formulating high-quality feeds with superior benefits. Lower concentrations of chitin and chitosan in diets are reported to stimulate the growth of shellfish and finfish under controlled conditions. Oligomers of chitosan and nano-chitosan are also the other potential derivatives as natural supplements in feed for better growth performance of aquaculture varieties. This review focuses on the significance of crustacean processing side streams and their derivatives, especially shrimp head meal, chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides as potential natural additives in aquafeeds for promoting the growth performance of cultured fin fishes and shell fishes. Utilization in aquafeeds and the development of natural value-added supplements from crustacean processing side streams, especially shrimp head and shell leftover, offer an answer to the negative environmental impact due to its dumping; reduce the dependency on food fish for fish meal production &amp; fishmeal for aquafeeds; solution to maintain the economic viability of the fish farmers &amp; industry as well as to ensure the supply of safer and healthy aquatic foods to meet the objectives of sustainable development goals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"376-401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean Agglutinin Induced Apoptotic Effects by Down-Regulating ANXA2 Through FAK Pathway in IPEC-J2 Cells","authors":"Tianjiao E,&nbsp;Chengyu Xu,&nbsp;Xiapu Fan,&nbsp;Jiawei Liu,&nbsp;Jinpeng Zhao,&nbsp;Nan Bao,&nbsp;Yuan Zhao,&nbsp;Mohammed Hamdy Farouk,&nbsp;Yun Ji,&nbsp;Zhenlong Wu,&nbsp;Li Pan,&nbsp;Guixin Qin","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14051","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soybean agglutinin (SBA) is an anti-nutritional factor in soybean, possesses toxic effects by binding to intestinal epithelial cells, and finally interferes the digestion and absorption of nutrients in humans and animals. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is one of the SBA-specific binding proteins in intestinal epithelial cells and participates in multiple cellular biological processes. However, whether SBA affects apoptosis through ANXA2 and its apoptosis-related pathway remains unclear. IPEC-J2 is an ideal model to study human intestinal health. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of ANXA2 on SBA-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and the related pathway mechanism using IPEC-J2 as a cell model. The results showed that SBA induced the apoptosis through FAK signal pathway and decreased the gene and protein expressions of ANXA2 in IPEC-J2. The expression of ANXA2 protein had a negative correlation with the apoptosis rates, and a positive correlation with the expression of FAK protein and FAK pathway downstream proteins. In conclusion, SBA induced apoptosis of IPEC-J2 cells by downregulating the expression of ANXA2, which activated the FAK pathway. These findings highlight the toxic mechanism of SBA, which will provide basis for studying the toxicity mechanisms of other food-derived anti-nutrients and provide a new perspective for human gastrointestinal health and related cancer treatment.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"350-361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Role of Heat-Treated Lactobacillus sakei HS-1 on Growth Performance, Nutritional Status and Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets","authors":"Kazuki Matsubara,&nbsp;Junyou Li,&nbsp;Yuriko Enomoto,&nbsp;Tomotsugu Takahashi,&nbsp;Min Ma,&nbsp;Ryo Ninomiya,&nbsp;Daiji Kazami,&nbsp;Kozue Miura,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Hirayama","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14056","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the swine industry, there is a strong need to replace an antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) used as feed additives in weaned piglets to enhance nutrient utilization in their diets and improve growth performance. <i>Lactobacillus sakei</i> HS-1 strain is a microbial preparation isolated from pickles. The study aim is to investigate the effectiveness of heat-treated <i>L. sakei</i> HS-1 strain (HT-LS) as a growth promoter in weaned piglets compared to colistin (CS), a widely used AGP. Eighteen crossbred weaned piglets (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc) of 21 days (average body weight [BW]: 7.06 ± 0.59 kg) were divided into three groups: fed the control diet (CT group), fed a diet supplemented with 30 ppm colistin sulphate (CS group), fed a diet supplemented with HT-LS at a concentration of 2.0 × 10⁵ cells/g (LS group) until 49 days. The results indicated that LS group exhibited significantly higher average daily gain (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and higher BW (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.1) compared with CT group, even higher than CS group. CS group showed higher growth performance compared to CT group but the differences were not statistically significant. In addition, LS group had higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) or tended to higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.1) concentrations of several plasma amino acids than the other two groups at 35 and 49 days. Faecal acetate concentration was higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.1) in LS group than in CT group at 35 days. Blood immunoglobulin G concentration in LS group was significantly lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) than in CT group at 35 and 49 days, and blood immunoglobulin A tended to be lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.1) at 35 days than in CT group. LS group showed an increased abundance of g_Prevotella 7, g_Streptococcus and g_Lactobacillus (linear discriminant analysis [LDA] score ≥ 2.0). Predictive metagenomic analysis revealed an enrichment of the mixed acid fermentation pathway (LDA score ≥ 2.0). Furthermore, several gut microbes exhibited correlations with plasma amino acids (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) and short-chain fatty acids in faeces (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). These findings demonstrate that HT-LS improves the growth performance of weaned piglets by enhancing the efficient utilization of nutrients through gut microbiota modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"362-375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142466082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Chitosan-Based Additive on Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Community, Nutrients Digestibility and Lactation Performance in Goats","authors":"Hani M. El-Zaiat,&nbsp;Waleed Al-Marzooqi,&nbsp;Kaadhia Al-Kharousi","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14057","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14057","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, the potential of using chitosan (CHI) as a feed additive to enhance ruminal fermentation and improve animal performance has gained increasing attention in ruminant nutrition. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation with increasing doses of CHI on rumen fermentation attributes and microbial composition, digestibility and milk performance in Dhofari goats. Twenty-four lactating goats (27 ± 1.8 kg of initial live body weight) were fed a control diet comprising of Rhodes grass hay plus a concentrate feed mixture. Goats were assigned to one of three experimental treatments (<i>n</i> = 8 per treatment) as: (1) control diet with no supplement (CTRL), (2) control diet with 0.300 g/day CHI (CHI0.3) and (3) control diet supplemented with 0.600 g/day CHI (CHI0.6) for a 45-day experimental period. Dietary supplementation with increasing doses of CHI decreased (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) linearly ruminal pH (<i>p</i> = 0.023), total short chain fatty acids concentrations (<i>p</i> = 0.011), acetate (<i>p</i> = 0.013) and butyrate (<i>p</i> = 0.042) proportions, acetate to propionate ratio (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), estimated methane (CH₄) production (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), ammonia nitrogen concentrations (<i>p</i> = 0.003) and protozoa abundance (<i>p</i> = 0.003). However, the ruminal propionate proportion augmented (<i>p</i> = 0.002) linearly with increasing doses of CHI in the diet. Increasing doses of CHI linearly increased the abundance of the ruminal propionate-producing bacteria, while diminished acetate and CH₄-producing bacteria (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Serum total protein (<i>p</i> = 0.037) and glucose (<i>p</i> = 0.042) levels linearly increased as CHI doses increased in the diet. However, serum UREA levels decreased linearly (<i>p</i> = 0.002) by 21% with increasing CHI amounts in the diet. The digestibility of organic matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre increased linearly with the increasing CHI doses (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Neither linear nor quadratic responses (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) were observed in daily milk yield and feed efficiency by supplementing the diet with CHI. In conclusion, supplementing the diet with CHI at a dose of 0.600 g/day as a feed additive for dairy goats reduced estimated CH₄ generation and improved fibre and protein digestion, with no influence on feed intake, milk yield or composition.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"338-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of the Biological Functions and Mechanisms of Action of Medicinal Plants and Seaweeds in the Shrimp Culture","authors":"Sajjad Pourmozaffar,&nbsp;Miriam Reverter,&nbsp;Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi,&nbsp;Ramasamy Harikrishnan,&nbsp;Mohammad Khalil Pazir,&nbsp;Noora Barzkar,&nbsp;Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh,&nbsp;Behzad Sarvi,&nbsp;Marzieh Abolfathi,&nbsp;Ibrahim Adeshina,&nbsp;Siamak Behzadi,&nbsp;Abdullateef Raji","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14049","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diseases are major constraints to developing large-scale aquaculture practices in many countries. For decades, synthetic chemotherapeutic agents have been widely applied both as prophylactics and therapeutics to inhibit and control aquatic disease outbreaks. However, their use has become more restricted due to the negative impacts they have on the environment, the host and humans, as well as their limitations in preventing the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the use of medicinal plants and seaweeds as potential alternatives to antibiotics and other synthetic chemotherapeutics. Medicinal plants and seaweeds can enhance the immune systems of animals, thereby providing protection against numerous diseases while minimizing the adverse effects associated with synthetic chemotherapeutics. Furthermore, the advantages of medicinal plants and seaweeds, such as their effectiveness, easy availability and ability to be applied on a large scale, make them appealing for use in the aquaculture industry. The main goal of this study was to review the existing knowledge of the effects of medicinal plants and seaweeds, as well as their extracts, on shrimp growth, immune response and disease resistance against bacterial and viral agents. Moreover, this paper discusses the application of seaweeds in shrimp culture. We also conducted a literature review to identify gaps in the research and provide recommendations for further advancement in this field of study. Further studies should focus on evaluating other physiological aspects, such as feed and mineral utilization, enzyme activities and histological examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"291-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus plantarum GCLP4 Derived From the Gut of Ctenopharyngodon idella Modulates Growth, Digestive Enzymes and Immune-Biochemical Parameters of Labeo rohita Fingerlings","authors":"Rubina Yasmin,&nbsp;Pabitra Kumar Saharia,&nbsp;Inam Akhtar Hussain,&nbsp;Avinash Talukdar,&nbsp;Sangipran Baishya,&nbsp;Kaustubh Bhagawati,&nbsp;Dipak kr Sarma,&nbsp;Arnab Narayan Patowary,&nbsp;Kamaleswar Kalita,&nbsp;Utpal Kumar Das,&nbsp;Aprajita Singh","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14054","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14054","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study was carried out to isolate, identify, and characterize bacterial probiotic strain from the gut of <i>Ctenopharyngodon idella</i> (Grass carp) and then to study its effect on growth, digestive enzymes and immunity of <i>Labeo rohita</i> fingerlings. A total of 6 gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genus <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. (3), <i>Bacillus</i> spp. (2) and <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp. (1), were identified biochemically. Based on the biochemical results, the isolate GCLP4 was selected for molecular confirmation and BLAST analysis showed maximum homology with <i>Lactobacillus plantarum</i> (100% ident). Fish were fed for 60 days with diet containing 0 (T0), 10⁵ (T1), 10⁷ (T2), 10⁹ (T3) cfu/g diet of <i>L. plantarum</i> GCLP4 and 10⁵ (T4) of commercial probiotics. Results shows that supplementation of GCLP4 had significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) improve weight gain (%), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of <i>L. rohita</i> with better values in T3 group. The immunological parameters (white blood cell, red blood cell, haemoglobin, total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) with 10⁷ and 10⁹ <i>Lactobacillus</i> GCLP4 cfu/g diet. The digestive enzyme activities (protease, amylase and lipase) were significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) higher, particularly, with 10⁹ <i>Lactobacillus</i> GCLP4 cfu/g of diet. All the groups supplemented with GCLP4 including the commercial probiotics have lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) activities of serum transaminase enzymes along with lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.005) level of glucose as compared to the control group. The results of the study collectively suggest that dietary <i>L. plantarum</i> GCLP4 at 10⁹ cfu/g is an effective probiotic obtained from grass carp having potency to promote growth, digestive enzymes and immune-biochemical indices of <i>L. rohita</i> fingerlings in present culture condition.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"268-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insects as Sustainable Feed: Enhancing Animal Nutrition and Reducing Livestock Environmental Impression","authors":"Chun Fu,&nbsp;Waqas A. Cheema,&nbsp;Muhammad Mobashar,&nbsp;Assar A. Shah,&nbsp;Muhammed M. Alqahtani","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14055","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14055","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insects are emerging as a promising alternative source in animal nutrition, offering high protein content and a low environmental impression compared to traditional feed sources. This abstract explores the potential role of insects in reducing the environmental impact of livestock production. Insects such as black soldier fly larvae, mealworms, and crickets are rich in essential nutrients, including proteins, amino acids, fatty acids and so on. They can be efficiently farmed on organic waste streams, contributing to resource efficiency and waste lessening. Additionally, insect farming needs a small quantity of water, less land, and emits fewer greenhouse gases than conventional animal feed production. Despite these benefits, several challenges must be addressed to realize their potential, including regulatory approval, consumer acceptance, production scalability, and ensuring consistent nutritional quality. By overcoming these challenges through research, innovation, and policy support, insects can be integrated into mainstream animal feed systems, significantly reducing the environmental impact of livestock farming and contributing to a more sustainable agricultural future.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"280-290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}