Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Drinking Saline Water on Physiological, Haematological and Biochemical Parameters of Blackhead Ogaden Sheep and Somali Goats","authors":"Fitsum Abera,&nbsp;Mengistu Urge,&nbsp;Hirut Yirga,&nbsp;Yishak Yousuf","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14080","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to determine the effect of drinking saline water on the physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters of sheep and goats in Ethiopia. A total of 100 male growing and mature Blackhead Ogaden sheep and Somali goats with average initial body weights of 18.17 ± 0.5 and 22.22 ± 0.52 kg and 17.99 ± 0.50 and 21.99 ± 0.54 kg, respectively, were used. The design of the experiment was a three-way factorial with completely randomized block design with three-factor combinations (five treatment levels, two species and two age groups). Water treatments were Lake Basaka water (control); low saline water (LSW), moderate (MSW), high (HSW) and very high (VHSW), with NaCl, added to Lake Beseka water at concentrations of 7.95, 11.93, 15.90 and 19.88 g of total dissolved solids per litter (TDS/L). The physiological and blood parameters of the experimental animals were measured. The results show that rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the H and VHSW groups. RT and RR also showed significant differences between species and age groups. Haemoglobin (Hb) and PCV levels were higher in the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Increasing drinking saline water significantly reduced the concentration of glucose, total protein, albumin and triglycerides but increased the concentration of BUN, creatinine, ALT and AST. Glucose, albumin, and triglycerides were significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), while BUN, creatinine, ALT and AST concentrations were lower in sheep and mature animals than in goats and growing animals. Except for sodium and potassium, all blood electrolytes did not significantly differ within the treatment. Sodium and calcium significantly varied (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) between species and age groups. The results indicated that drinking saline water above 11 g TDS/L affected the physiological and blood parameters of Somali goats and Blackhead Ogaden sheep. A Study revealed that sheep and mature animals performed better than goats and growing ones.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 3","pages":"633-645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Selected Milk Quality Parameters and Expression Patterns of miR-26a, miR-27a, and miR-148a During Transition From Colostrum to Mature Milk in Awassi Sheep","authors":"Hüseyin Özkan,&nbsp;Mustafa Kemal Sarıbay,&nbsp;Hasan Hüseyin Keçeli,&nbsp;Ufuk Kaya,&nbsp;Ramazan Sertkol","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14078","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14078","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigated expressions of microRNA (miR)-26a, miR-27a, and miR-148a in plasma, colostrum and milk collected on different days (0th, 4th, 7th, 14th, and 28th days) during transition from colostrum to milk in Awassi sheep. Relationships between miRNAs and quality parameters were also explored. During transition, Somatic Cell Count, Fat-free dry matter, protein, lactose decreased, pH, freezing point (FP), electrical conductivity (EC) increased. Malondialdehydes (MDA) were tended to decrease in plasma and milk. Compared to 0th day, miR-26a was upregulated approximately 27-folds and 17-folds in 14th and 28th days, in milk. On 14th day, miR-27a showed almost 18-folds upregulation, while miR-148a was downregulated more than fivefolds on 7th and 14th days. In plasma, miR-26a was upregulated almost 40-folds and sevenfolds on 7th and 14th days. Additionally, miR-27a was upregulated by approximately fivefolds on 4th day, around 20-folds on 7th day, and about fourfolds on 14th day. miR-148a was upregulated approximately 11-folds on 7th day. While miR-26a positively correlated with miR-27a, pH, fat, and EC, it was negatively correlated with MDA in plasma. miR-27a was positively correlated with miR-148a and pH. Plasma miR-148a and milk miR-148a were negatively correlated. miR-26a and miR-27a were positively correlated in milk. Milk miR-26a was positively correlated with pH, FP, and EC, while it was negatively correlated with fat, milk and plasma MDA. Milk miR-27a was negatively correlated with fat and MDA, but positively with EC. The results obtained for the first-time during transition indicate potentials of miR-26a and miR-27a to act as biomarkers for sheep milk quality.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"623-631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dihydromyricetin Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Injury Through Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and NOD-Like Receptor Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome Activation","authors":"Yicong Chang,&nbsp;Xinru Jiang,&nbsp;Zhenghua Ji,&nbsp;Yingchao Gong,&nbsp;Xianan Fan,&nbsp;Beili Hao,&nbsp;Liang Yuan,&nbsp;Ishfaq Muhammad,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Changwen Li,&nbsp;Fangping Liu","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14077","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As an integral component of the gram-negative bacterial cellular envelope, excess production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) regularly precipitates causing intestinal damage and barrier dysfunction in avian species. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a naturally occurring constituent in rattan tea, exhibits protective characteristics against various tissue injuries. However, the intervention mechanism of DHM on intestinal injury induced by LPS in chickens has not been determined. Consequently, this study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which DHM mitigates LPS-induced intestinal damage in chickens through the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were isolated and cultured from 14-day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken embryos, and DHM ranging from 20 to 320 μmol/L increased cell survival rates. Additionally, DHM at 20 and 40 μmol/L demonstrated reduction in oxidative stress and ROS accumulation, mirroring the impact of ROS inhibitor (2.5 mmol/L NAC). DHM efficiently regulated ROS production, thereby augmenting ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1 expression to enhance barrier function; upregulating bcl-2 expression and downregulating bax and caspase-3 expression to regulate apoptosis and suppressing inflammation in IECs. Suppression of ROS subsequently attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to a remarkable downregulation of IL-1β, IL-18 and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion, consistent with direct inactivation of NLRP3 inflammasome (10 μmol/L MCC950). Notably, DHM diminished IL-1β and IL-18 levels and LDH activity via suppression of ROS-regulated NLRP3 and caspase-1 expression and activation. In summary, DHM prevents LPS-induced intestinal impairment by modulating ROS generation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"610-622"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Bone Alkaline Phosphatase (BAP) and Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP) as Biomarkers of Eggshell Quality and Bone Metabolism in Broiler Breeders and Progeny","authors":"A. D. Magnuson,&nbsp;N. Boonsinchai,&nbsp;J. Caldas,&nbsp;J. England,&nbsp;C. Coon","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14075","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Eggshell breakage and broiler bone disorders are major problems for the breeder and broiler industries which are linked to mineral metabolism and animal genetics. The purpose of this work was to discover the link between individual animal phenotypic differences in mineral metabolism against concentrations of novel plasma biomarkers including tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP). A subset of hens were selected from a flock of Cobb 500 breeders with the best or worst eggshell quality based upon dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and specific gravity (SG). Breeders were defined as having good eggshell quality (SG ≥ 1.080), or poor eggshell quality (SG &lt; 1.080). Progeny hatched from breeders with good or poor eggshell quality were reared to 2 week of age and blood and bone samples were obtained after euthanasia. In both breeders and progeny, plasma concentrations of BAP and TRAP were measured, and bone mineral density was evaluated by DEXA. Results showed that breeders selected for eggshell quality had significantly different plasma concentrations of BAP (Good = 326.5 pg/mL, Poor = 253.2 pg/mL), and TRAP activity (Good = 2203 U, Poor = 4985 U). Breeders selected for eggshell quality produced progeny with different bone breaking strength (Good = 1.61 kg/mm, Poor = 1.47 kg/mm), tibia ash (Good = 45.9%, Poor = 42.2%), plasma BAP (Good = 372.3 pg/mL, Poor = 312.4 pg/mL), and lower plasma TRAP activity (Good = 18010 U, Poor = 23590 U). These data suggest that there is a strong correlation between the eggshell quality of breeders, performance and bone strength of progeny, and plasma of concentrations of BAP and TRAP in both breeder hens and progeny.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"601-609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collagen Hydrolysates as Nutritional Support in Canine Osteoarthritis: A Narrative Review","authors":"Niels R. Blees,&nbsp;Michelle Teunissen,&nbsp;Britta Dobenecker,&nbsp;Janne Prawitt,&nbsp;Marianna A. Tryfonidou,&nbsp;Ronald Jan Corbee","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14076","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 <p>Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease in dogs with severe impact on their welfare. The multimodal management of OA includes feeding therapeutic diets and nutraceuticals to slow down OA progression. Collagen hydrolysates (CH) are a nutritional supplement that may exert anabolic effects on osteoarthritic joint cartilage as well as disease-modifying effects. After oral intake, CH is absorbed, mainly as amino acids, di- and tripeptides that are transported amongst others to the joint. In addition to reducing cartilage degradation, CH metabolites may reduce synovial inflammation and subchondral bone sclerosis during OA. Preliminary evidence in dogs suffering from the consequences of OA support the clinical efficacy of CH with reported reductions in lameness. However, effects on biomarker level of cartilage metabolism and inflammation are inconclusive. Additionally, current studies show a lack of standardised dosing regimens and the use of not validated outcomes. Future work should therefore elucidate further on the bioavailability of CH in dogs in order to establish adequate dosing recommendations. Furthermore, high-quality placebo-controlled randomised controlled trials are essential to dstudies have evaluated the cetermine the clinical efficacy of CH to reduce lameness, prevent OA progression and thereby improve the level of evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"590-600"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-Administration of Vitamin U and Antacids in Diets Relieves Gastric Ulcers in Finishing Pigs","authors":"Shanchuan Cao,&nbsp;Madesh Muniyappan,&nbsp;San Kim,&nbsp;In Ho Kim","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14073","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred and forty [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] barrows and gilts (86.5 ± 1.5 kg) were used in a 28-day experiment in a randomised complete block design. A model of gastric ulcer was established by adding aspirin to the diet or by fasting. The five dietary treatments were TRT1 (basal diet), TRT2 (basal diet + fasting), TRT3 (basal diet + 0.05% vitamin U and antacids (VA)), TRT4 (basal diet + aspirin + fasting) and TRT5 (basal diet + aspirin + fasting + 0.1% VA). The active ingredients of VA are vitamin U 50 mg/g, magnesium oxide MgO 60 mg/g, sodium carbonate Na₂CO₃ 70 mg/g. The result showed a significant increase in final body weight (<i>p</i> = 0.047) and average daily gain (<i>p</i> = 0.033) in TRT5 compared with TRT1 and TRT2 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in carcass scores among treatment groups (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The stomach keratinisation score was significantly higher in TRT2 and TRT4 than that in TRT3 (<i>p</i> = 0.032). Stomach keratinisation score decreased from 1.9 to 1.4 in TRT5 compared with TRT4 (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of VA to the diet can improve the degree of gastric ulcer to a certain extent and effectively improve growth performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"584-589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-Dose Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Pig Performance, Vitamin D Content in Meat, and Muscle Transcriptome in Pigs","authors":"Anna Steg,&nbsp;Maria Oczkowicz,&nbsp;Małgorzata Świątkiewicz","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vitamin D is known for its role in calcium homeostasis, bone health, and immune function. Recent research has explored its effects on muscle functionality and meat quality in pigs. This study examined high-dose vitamin D3 supplementation in pigs, focusing on growth, blood and tissue vitamin D3 levels, and muscle transcriptome changes. Thirty pigs were divided into three groups, given different amounts of oral supplementation: control, 5000 IU/kg and 10,000 IU/kg vitamin D3. Biochemical and haematological blood parameters, vitamin D content in blood and muscle, and kidney calcium content were evaluated. RNA-seq and qPCR analysed muscle transcriptome changes, while gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified gene expression enrichments. Results showed that 5000 IU/kg vitamin D3 supplementation altered blood parameters like platelet anisocytosis and glucose levels but did not affect body weight, weight gain, or feed intake. Kidney calcium content increased with supplementation. The muscle (<i>longissimus dorsi</i>) vitamin D content increased, suggesting the potential for biofortified pork, although still not optimal as a dietary vitamin D source. Transcriptome analysis revealed minimal gene expression changes, with only the interferon-gamma receptor 2 (<i>IFNGR2</i>) gene differentially expressed at the highest dose. GSEA indicated enrichment in ATP metabolic processes and electron transport chain genes in the 5000 IU/kg group, and immune system, cholesterol, steroid, and fatty acid metabolism genes in the 10,000 IU/kg group. Despite literature suggesting a role for vitamin D in muscle gene expression and growth improvement, this study found its effects limited.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"560-573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Essential Oil Blends Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Physiochemical Parameters, Intestinal Health and Lipid Metabolism of Weaned Bamei Piglets","authors":"Jian Du,&nbsp;Zhiqi Dai,&nbsp;Cuiguang Li,&nbsp;Chala Adugna,&nbsp;Yufeng Wang,&nbsp;Chunmei Li","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14074","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The benefits of plant essential oils (EO) on the health of animals have been frequently reported, but their alteration of lipid metabolism in obese pigs has yet to be explored. This study aimed to assess the impact of EO blends (oregano, cinnamon and lemon oils) on growth performance, meat physicochemical parameters, intestinal health and lipid metabolism in the small intestine of weaned Bamei (a kind of obese-type pig) piglets. One hundred and forty-four male 60-day-old weaned Bamei piglets were randomly assigned to three groups of six replicates each: CON (basal diet), T1 (basal diet + 250 mg/kg EO), and T2 (basal diet + 500 mg/kg EO) over 28 days. The results showed that T1 trended to improve the average daily gain and feed intake to body gain ratio (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.1), reduced water loss (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and increased the redness of meat (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) compared to the CON. In addition, a significant change in the proportion of C17:0 and C20:1 was observed in the meat of T1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Improved intestinal health was evidenced by the reduced crypt depth, improved villi-to-crypt length ratio, and better superoxide dismutase activity in T1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Further study on intestinal lipid metabolism showed that duodenal lipase activity and the mRNA expression levels of lipid transport-related genes in the jejunum (FABPs, APOA1, APOB and ACSL3) were significantly reduced, alongside diminished serum lipid metabolites (Total protein and triglyceride) in the groups fed with EO (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In short, EO supplementation especially at 250 mg/kg improved intestinal health and inhibited lipid metabolism, which had a positive effect on the overall performance of Bamei piglets. This new evidence contributes to understanding the early regulatory role of EO in obese pigs and their potential to alleviate adolescent obesity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"574-583"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibre Sources on Performance and Carcass and Meat Characteristics of Feedlot Nellore Young Bulls","authors":"Marcus Vinicius Garcia Niwa,&nbsp;Luís Carlos Vinhas Ítavo,&nbsp;Camila Celeste Brandão Ferreira Ítavo,&nbsp;Marina de Nadai Bonin Gomes,&nbsp;Vanessa Zirondi Longhini,&nbsp;Camila Soares Cunha,&nbsp;Alexandre Menezes Dias,&nbsp;Gelson dos Santos Difante,&nbsp;Marcelo Vedovatto,&nbsp;Rodrigo da Costa Gomes,&nbsp;Antonio Leandro Chaves Gurgel,&nbsp;Tairon Pannunzio Dias-Silva,&nbsp;Brenda Farias da Costa Leite Lopes,&nbsp;Gabriella Jorgetti de Moraes","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14072","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated the replacement of neutral detergent fibre levels from forage (NDFfor) by cottonseed cake on the performance, and carcass and meat traits of Nellore young bulls finished in a feedlot. Individual data from 24 Nellore young bulls with 330 ± 4.54 kg of body weight (BW) and 18 ± 1 months old were used. The animals were randomly distributed in four nutritional treatments containing 9.5%; 5.5%; 2.5%; and 0.0% NDF from whole corn plant silage (forage source), replaced by cottonseed cake, in the total diet. Animal performance and carcass and meat characteristics were analysed by orthogonal polynomial regression. A positive quadratic effect was observed for DM, CP, EE, NDF, and physically effective NDF intake (peNDFI_8 mm, and peNDFI_1.18 mm). There was no NDFfor-level effect for final weight, hot carcass weight, carcass yield, internal and external depth, carcass length, pH, subcutaneous fat thickness, and loin eye area. A positive quadratic effect was detected for average daily gain. Feed efficiency demonstrated a positive quadratic trend, reaching an optimum peak level when young bulls 4.01% of NDFfor. There was no NDFfor-level effect for meat and fat colour variables. The NDFfor-level with the highest DM intake (2.01% BW) was 5.15%, and the highest ADG (1.54 kg/day) was 4.91% of NDFfor. Thus, although NDFfor levels did not affect carcass characteristics, fat, and meat colour, levels between 4.50% and 5.15% NDF from forage replaced by cottonseed cake are recommended to enhance the productive performance of feedlot Nellore young bulls. Cottonseed cake as a source of fibre can partially or totally replace corn plant silage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"551-559"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory Effects of Copper on Ghrelin Secretion in Rat Fundic Glands","authors":"Rui Sun,&nbsp;Zhongshen Wang,&nbsp;Meng Li,&nbsp;Tianyang Du,&nbsp;Shuang Jia,&nbsp;Wenyan Yang,&nbsp;Lianyu Yang","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14068","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14068","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Copper (Cu) is an effective additive in feed for promoting growth. Growth dan axis comprising growth hormone (GH), somatostatin (SS) and GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), with ghrelin regulating their release. The growth-promoting effects of Cu are closely related to ghrelin, but the specific mechanism behind the relationship remains unknown. We investigated the adjustment of ghrelin synthesis and secretion by Cu. Sprague–Dawley rats were fed basal diets with an addition of 0, 120 or 240 mg/kg Cu sulfate for 28 day to establish a growth-promoting model. Signalling molecules relevant to ghrelin synthesis and secretion were detected and mechanistically explored using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. The 120 mg/kg supplement improved growth performance; significantly increased the serum levels of ghrelin, ghrelin <i>O</i>-acyltransferase (GOAT), acylated ghrelin (AG), GH, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased those of SS; significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression of ghrelin, GOAT, ghrelin receptor (GHS-R1α), and activator protein 1 (AP-1); increased the phosphorylation ratio of JNK and p38 MAPK; and inhibited the mRNA and protein expression of SS and SS receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) in gastric fundic gland tissues. Thus, Cu may affect gastric ghrelin synthesis at the transcriptional level by activating the JNK/p38 MAPK pathway through increased ROS levels and regulating the activation of the downstream redox-sensitive transcription factor AP-1. SS plays a crucial determinant role in ghrelin regulation via intragastric Cu. Cu promotes GOAT activity and ghrelin secretion by inhibiting SS secretion, affecting AG levels, and promoting ghrelin acylation through ghrelin/GOAT/GHS-R1α system, modulating ghrelin secretion.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"521-532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}