Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effects of In Ovo Administration of Freeze-Dried Royal Jelly on Hatchability, Blood Parameters, and Organ Weights of Day-Old Chicks","authors":"Mohamed I. Hassan,&nbsp;Saber S. Hassan,&nbsp;Farid N. K. Soliman,&nbsp;Mohamed H. Khalil","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14052","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14052","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Royal jelly renowned for its robust nutritional, functional, and biological properties, is a pivotal product derived from honeybees. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the theory that in ovo injection of freeze-dried royal jelly (FDRJ) solutions at varying concentrations can influence the hatchability, blood properties and hatching characteristics of day-old chicks. A total of 480 eggs (54.81 ± 0.187 g) were allocated into four experimental groups: negative control (NC), without injection, positive control (PC), administered with regular saline, a low FDRJ dose group (9 mg/egg), and a high FDRJ dose group (18 mg/egg). The in ovo injections were administered on Day 18 of incubation, and the experiment was subsequently continued until the incubation period concluded at 21 days. Results revealed that the lower FDRJ dose (9 mg/egg) significantly improved hatchability percentages compared to other treatments. Conversely, the higher FDRJ dose (18 mg/egg) and control groups (NC and PC) resulted in significantly higher chick yield percentages than the lower FDRJ and PC groups. The NC group showed the supreme yolk sac (YS) percentage, whereas the yolk-free body mass (YFBM) percentages displayed an inverse trend. Furthermore, the in ovo FDRJ injection did not affect haematological values or the relative organ weight of day-old chicks. In conclusion, in ovo FDRJ injection demonstrated beneficial effects on hatchability and chick weight, as evidenced by the studied parameters.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"259-267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Biochemical Profile, Intestinal and Liver Histomorphometry of Captive Broad-Snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris) Fed With a Diet Enriched With Soybean (Glycine max)","authors":"Samuel Hilevski,&nbsp;Trinidad Cordero,&nbsp;Ma. Soledad Moleón,&nbsp;Enzo Cabaña,&nbsp;Matias Belotti,&nbsp;Pablo Siroski","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14050","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The impact of plant-based diets on crocodilians is unclear. Serum profiles and histomorphometry provide valuable insights into their nutritional and physiological status. This study aims to elucidate the impact of three levels of soybean meal substitution combined chicken by-product minced on the growth and health of broad-snouted caiman (<i>Caiman latirostris</i>). The research assesses the effects of diets supplemented with soybean meal on the blood biochemical profile, intestinal histomorphometry, and hepatic parameters of <i>C. latirostris</i>, providing essential information for understanding on the implications of dietary changes in this species. Forty-eight 6-month-old broad-snouted caimans were assigned to three dietary groups (0%, 25%, 40% soybean meal). Over a period of 90 days, data on growth, food consumption, serum biochemical analysis, intestinal and hepatic morphometry were recorded. The results showed that diets containing higher levels of soybean meal did not significantly affect growth, feed intake or serum profiles of total protein, albumin and cholesterol. However, changes in intestinal morphology were observed, with longer and wider villi in the animals feed with diets with soybean meal, indicating a gradual adaptation to new feeding diets. The presence of soybean meal reduced serum glucose and triglyceride profiles and hepatic lipid accumulation without affecting macronutrient digestion and absorption, considered beneficial for the caiman's health. This study provides valuable insights into the inclusion of soybean meal in the diet of <i>Caiman latirostris</i> and its effects on the intestines, liver, and physiology. It also highlights the importance of considering nutritional management as a key tool in improving the well-being and health of crocodilians in captivity.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dog Breed and Starch Gelatinisation Correlation in Food Digestibility and Faecal Traits","authors":"Mariana Gilbert Pescuma,&nbsp;Thais Oliveira Ximenes,&nbsp;Caroline Alves Garcia,&nbsp;Eloise Cristina de Ramos,&nbsp;Carolina Cristina de Oliveira,&nbsp;Lucas Ben Fiuza Henríquez,&nbsp;Stephanie de Souza Theodoro,&nbsp;Bruna Agy Loureiro,&nbsp;Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14047","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14047","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Large dog breeds commonly produce unformed faeces. The present study hypothesised that foods for large dog breeds require higher starch gelatinisation (SG) to reduce organic matter flow to colon. Fifteen Rottweilers (Ro; 49.4 ± 6.12 kg), 18 Beagles (Be; 12.13 ± 1.75 kg) and 20 Shih-Tzus (ST; 4.62 ± 1.15 kg) were fed one of three diets, all based on the same sorghum formulation, processed to obtain three levels of SG: SG90 (91.8% SG), SG50 (50.7% SG) and SG30 (27.4% SG). Foods were provided for 23 days, and the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients, faecal production and fermentation products, Na, K and Cl apparent absorption and gastrointestinal transit time (GTT) were evaluated. Results were submitted to analysis of variance considering SG, breed and their interactions, and means compared by the Tukey test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). All dogs promptly ate the foods. Faeces scores were lower for Ro than for Be and ST, and lower for SG30 than SG90 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Faeces pH was higher, and total short-chain fatty acids were lower for SG90 than for SG50 and SG30 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), regardless of breed. No diet effect was observed for GTT (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05), but it was lower for Ro (41.7 ± 6.2 h) than for ST (48.7 ± 8.6 h). The CTTAD of nutrients was lower for SG30, intermediary for SG50 and higher for SG90 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and among breeds CTTAD was higher for Be than ST and Ro (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), which did not differ from each other, except for crude protein CTTAD which was lower for Ro (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The apparent absorption of Na and K was higher for the SG90 treatment, and for Be in comparison with Ro and ST (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Food SG had a remarkable influence on Ro faeces formation and on the CTTAD in all breeds. Greater fermentation in the colon and lower protein CTTAD may be involved in Ro unformed faeces formation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 2","pages":"243-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Productive, internal organ and intestinal histomorphological characteristics of broiler chickens in response to dietary rapeseed meal: A meta-analysis","authors":"Freddy Manyeula,&nbsp;Nthabiseng Amanda Sebola,&nbsp;Monnye Mabelebele","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14040","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of rapeseed as a source of protein in broiler chicken diets has been highlighted. However, there are inconsistent findings on the performance data of broiler chickens fed rapeseed meal (RSM). Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to resolve the inconsistent findings on the effect of RSM on growth performance, carcass characteristics, internal organs, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens, identify knowledge gaps and create new insights using published data. Fourteen studies on the topic were identified via a systematic search performed on bibliographic databases, and the data generated was analysed using OpenMEE software. A random-effects model was used, and effect sizes were presented as standardised mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Sources of heterogeneity were evaluated using broiler strains, inclusion levels, processing methods, rearing phases and sex as moderators. In comparison with the controls, the results showed that RSM decreased feed intake (SMD = −0.29; 95% Cl: −0.41, −0.18; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), average daily gain (SMD = −0.48; 95% Cl: −0.63, −0.32; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and liver weight (SMD = 1.24; 95% Cl: 0.78, 1.71; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), but had no effect on feed conversion ratio (SMD = 0.10; 95% Cl: −0.05, 0.23; <i>p</i> = 0.19). Likewise, broiler chickens fed RSM had significantly reduced carcass yield, weights of thigh, abdominal fat and heart when compared with the control. Results indicate that duodenum villus height (DVH) and jejunum villus height (JVH)/crypt depth (CD) ratios were improved in broiler chickens fed RSM. Meta-regression revealed that the analysed moderators are significant predictors of feed intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio in broiler chickens. In conclusion, dietary RSM negatively influenced growth performance, liver weight and carcass characteristics in broiler chickens, but improved aspects of intestinal histomorphology traits. Therefore, innovative research on processing methods that will improve the feeding value of rapeseed meal in broiler chickens is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"211-222"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacilli-Based Pro and Postbiotic Efficacy Are Also Influenced by Other Factors Than Dietary Challenging Conditions","authors":"Samuel C. G. Jansseune,&nbsp;Aart Lammers,&nbsp;Jürgen van Baal,&nbsp;Fany Blanc,&nbsp;Fanny Calenge,&nbsp;Marie-Hélène Pinard-van der Laan,&nbsp;Wouter H. Hendriks","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14048","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study aimed to confirm the previously reported ‘recovery’ effect to a challenging diet (CD) of a <i>Lactobacilli-</i>based probiotic (Pro) and its derived postbiotic (Post) in broilers. Identical diet compositions were used, and observations were extended to a second CD diet. A completely randomised block design of 2 × 3 treatment groups with two CDs and three additive conditions (Control, Pro, Post) was used. One additional group received a standard diet (SD). The study involved 1600 one-day-old Ross 308 male broilers. All diets, fed from d1 to 35, were formulated to contain identical nutrients levels, with CDs formulated to be greater than SD in nonstarch polysaccharides using rye and barley (Rye CD) or dry distiller grains with soluble, sunflower and rapeseed meal (DDGS CD). Growth performance parameters, footpad lesions (FPL) score and plasma Ca, P and uric acid concentrations were measured. Compared to SD, birds fed Rye CD and DDGS CD had a higher 1–35 days feed conversion ratio (+3.4 and +4.1%, respectively), due to a higher feed intake for Rye CD (+2.9%) and a lower body weight for DDGS CD (−4.1%). An effect of additive was restricted to Rye CD where Post depressed BW at d28 and d35 (−3.7 and −2.4%, respectively). Compared to Rye CD, DDGS CD lowered plasma Ca/P at d21 (−9.0%) and d35 (−8.1%) and uric acid at d21 (−26%). Pro increased plasma Ca in Rye CD at d21 (+12%) and Post decreased plasma uric acid in DDGS CD at d35 (−25%). All other plasma parameters were not affected. The previously observed recovery effect of a commercial probiotic and postbiotic were not reproducible under highly similar growth conditions, which suggests that both may have specific physiological effects which are only expressed under specific circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"203-210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142347128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Intake of Marine Ingredients on the Circulating Total Cholesterol Concentration in Domestic Dogs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Olivia Bysheim Helland,&nbsp;Linnea Vikane Andreassen,&nbsp;Anne Sofie Fischer,&nbsp;Oddrun Anita Gudbrandsen","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14045","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A high circulating total cholesterol (TC) concentration increases the risk for atherosclerosis in the domestic dog. Intake of marine foods is associated with a lowering effect on circulating TC concentration in humans and rodents, but the reported effects of marine ingredients on the TC concentration in domestic dogs has not yet been reviewed. The main aim was to investigate the effects of consuming marine ingredients on the TC concentration in domestic dogs. A systematic literature search was performed using the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Embase, structured around the population (domestic dogs), intervention (source and type of marine ingredients, dose, duration), comparator (control diet) and the primary outcome (circulating TC). Articles were assessed for risk of bias using the SYRCLE's tool. A meta-analysis was conducted in Review Manager v. 5.4.1 (the Cochrane Collaboration), comprising 12 articles with 243 dogs. Consumption of marine oils resulted in a significantly lower circulating TC concentration relative to comparator groups (mean difference −0.70 mmol/L, 95% CI (−1.21, −0.18), <i>p</i> = 0.008), with high statistical heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² = 78%). The risk of bias is unclear since few of the entries in the SYRCLE's tool were addressed. We did not identify any studies using marine proteins or marine organisms other that fish. To conclude, intake of marine oils results in a lower TC concentration in dogs, thus reducing an important risk factor for atherosclerosis in canines. This study was registered at www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ as CRD42023396943.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"183-202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpn.14045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Positive Effects of Dietary Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) on Performance of Commercial Laying Hens","authors":"Ifeanyichukwu Princewill Ogbuewu,&nbsp;Monnye Mabelebele,&nbsp;Christian Anayo Mbajiorgu","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14046","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Turmeric improves performance in nonruminants, but results in laying hens are not consistent. This meta-analysis assessed the performance of laying hens fed turmeric powder (TP)–based diets. Nineteen studies retrieved from Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were used for the meta-analysis. The outcome variables analysed were productive indices (feed intake [FI], feed conversion ratio [FCR], hen day production [HDP], egg weight [EW], egg mass [EM]), egg quality (Haugh unit [HU], shell thickness [SHT], shell strength [SHS], yolk cholesterol [YC]), serum biochemical parameters (serum cholesterol [SC], alanine transferase [ALT], and aspartate transferase [AST]), and moderator variables (layer strains, inclusion level, feeding duration, and hen's age). All analyses were performed on OpenMEE software and the R package. A random-effects model (REM) was used and results were presented as standardised mean difference (SMD) at a 95% confidence interval (CI). The results showed that dietary TP improved FCR (SMD = −0.31; 95% CI: −0.61, −0.01; <i>p</i> = 0.046) and HDP (SMD = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.69; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), but not EW, EM, HU, SHT, SHS, YC, and serum AST in layers. On the other hand, dietary TP decreased FI (SMD = −0.15; 95% CI: −0.26, −0.05; <i>p</i> = 0.004), SC (SMD = −75.18; 95% CI: −102.55, −47.80; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and ALT (SMD = −3.55; 95% CI: −4.71, −2.40; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in laying hens with proof of significant heterogeneity. However, meta-regression showed that layer strains and feeding duration accounted for most of the sources of heterogeneity. In conclusion, results suggest that dietary TP increased HDP and reduced FI, FCR, SC, and ALT in laying hens.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"170-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Supplementing Different Quantities of Moringa stenopetala Leaves on Plasma Metabolite and Acylcarnitine Profile, Body Condition Score and Milk Yield Performance in Zebu (Bos indicus) Cattle","authors":"Ketema Worku,&nbsp;Yisehak Kechero,&nbsp;Geert P. J. Janssens","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14043","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14043","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The formulation of multi-nutrient blocks based on low-cost and locally available browse feed resources can be a valid feeding strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa, where inadequate feed supply, both in quality and quantity, is a major constraint. We evaluated the four different inclusion percentages (M-0%, M-25%, M-35% and M-45%) of <i>Moringa stenopetala</i> leaf powder to multi-nutrient blocks on their change on blood metabolite of dairy cows under practical, ranging conditions. Multi-nutrient blocks with four inclusion rates of <i>M. stenopetala</i> leaves were applied as complementary feed for free ranging dairy cows. The study was performed on 24 free ranging dairy cows reared around Arba Minch town in the Southern Ethiopian Rift Valley. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of dairy cows both before and after supplementation. Plasma glucose, beta hydroxy butyrate (BHB), urea, creatinine, triglycerides and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentration was quantified spectrophotometrically. Dried serum spots were subject to quantitative electrospray tandem mass spectrometry to estimate changes in nutrient metabolism based on selected carnitines. Based on these measurements, the milk yield and body condition score were increased during the period of multi-nutrient block supplementation. During the supplementation period, the cows got higher plasma glucose, triglyceride and urea concentrations and lower concentrations of BHB, NEFA and creatinine. From the metabolite profiles, a more efficient nutrient use could be concluded. Although no clear dose−response relationship was observed, the highest inclusion of the <i>M. stenopetala</i> leaves in the multi-nutrient blocks gave the best performance. This outcome supports the idea of implementing <i>M. stenopetala</i> based multi-nutrient blocks on tropical smallholder farms that are not easily accessible to conventional extension services.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"162-169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142287881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Growth and Health in Weanling Pigs: The Impact of Monzogranite Supplementation","authors":"Sang Gun No,&nbsp;Jun Young Mun,&nbsp;Abdolreza Hosseindoust,&nbsp;Sang Hun Ha,&nbsp;Se Rin Park,&nbsp;Elick Kinara,&nbsp;Jong Kyu Park,&nbsp;Sung Man Seo,&nbsp;Jae Hwan Kim,&nbsp;So Lim Park,&nbsp;So Young Lee,&nbsp;Seong Il Lim,&nbsp;Jin Soo Kim","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14042","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monzogranite is known for its high surface area and cation exchange capacity, which play a crucial role in ameliorating the challenges by enhancing nutrient adsorption and facilitating nutrient availability during the weaning period. Weaned crossbred piglets (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace), initially weighing 5.36 ± 0.26 kg, were allocated into four treatments with 6 replicates each (10 pigs per replicate). The treatments encompassed CON (basal diet), Z0.1 (0.1% monzogranite supplementation in basal diet), Z0.2 (0.2% monzogranite supplementation), and Z0.3 (0.3% monzogranite supplementation). In phase 1, a linear increase in total average daily gain (ADG) was observed across treatment groups, with a concomitant linear increase in ADG and gain-to-feed ratio (G/F). The overall results showed a linear increase in ADG and G/F. A linear decrease in aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase levels was observed across treatment groups. Conversely, no significant differences were noted in the levels of albumin, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen, triglycerides, and gamma-glutamyl transferase among the treatment groups. Faecal scoring indicated a linear reduction in scores at Day 7 among the treatment groups. However, no significant differences were observed at Days 14 and 28. The assessment of immunoglobulins demonstrated a significant increase in both immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A levels in the Z0.1 treatment group compared to the CON. In both phase 1 and phase 2, a linear decrease in cortisol levels was evident. In conclusion, a linear increase in total ADG and G/F during phase 1, sustained across both phases, suggests monzogranite potential to enhance growth performance. Moreover, stress mitigation was shown through a consistent linear decrease in cortisol levels across phases. These findings underscore monzogranite multifaceted impact, emphasizing its potential as a dietary supplement to enhance growth, liver health, and stress resilience in weanling pigs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"154-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Quillaja Saponin or Phytase on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Faecal Gas Emissions, and Carcass Grade in Growing-Finishing Pigs","authors":"Tianxiang Li,&nbsp;In Ho Kim","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14041","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jpn.14041","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of low doses of Quillaja saponin (QS) or phytase (PHY) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emissions, and carcass grade in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 72 pigs (Landrace × Yorkshire × Duroc), each weighing 25.82 ± 1.68 kg, were selected and randomly assigned to three treatment groups. Each group had six replicates, with four pigs per pen, and the allocation was based on the four initial body weight and sex of the pigs. They were randomly divided into the following three diet groups: the basal diet as a control (CON) group, the basal diet + 0.02% PHY; and the basal diet + 0.01% QS. The experiment period lasted for 110 days. The results of adding 0.01% QS to the basal diet of pigs show that it can significantly increase the body weight (BW) of growing-finishing pigs on the 110th day (<i>p </i>&lt; 0.05). QS can significantly increase the average daily weight gain (ADG) on Days 80–110 of the experiment (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). QS can significantly increase the total average daily weight gain (TADG) of growing-finishing pigs during the entire experimental period (<i>p </i>&lt; 0.05) and has a tendency to improve the average daily feed intake and feed conversion rate during the entire experimental period. However, QS has no significant effect on pig nutrient digestibility and carcass grade. In addition, we also found that QS has a tendency to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. However, adding 0.02% PHY to the basal diet of growing-finishing pigs can only increase the TADG during the entire experimental period. Throughout the experiment, adding PHY to the diet had no significant impact on the nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emissions, and carcass grade of growing-finishing pigs. In summary, adding QS to feed can significantly improve the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs, and has a tendency to improve faecal gas emissions. PHY can only improve the growth performance of growing-finishing pigs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":"109 1","pages":"145-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142185571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}