Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Contamination With Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Enterococcus in Raw Meat-Based Diets for Pets.","authors":"Rusmin Indra, Parinya Sroithongkham, Chavin Leelapsawas, Jitrapa Yindee, Siraphatson Wetchasirigul, Rungtip Chuanchuen, Pattrarat Chanchaithong","doi":"10.1111/jpn.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Raw meat-based diets (RMBDs) for pets, which contain raw meat from livestock, aquatic species, or wild-captive animals, are known to harbour feed-borne pathogens and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. This study investigated the contamination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Enterococcus faecalis, and E. faecium in Thai RMBD products, focusing on their AMR phenotypic and genotypic properties. A total of 50 RMBD samples and five fresh-cooked diets (FCDs) were analysed for total aerobic colony counts (ACC) and the presence of third-generation cephalosporins (3GC)-resistant E. coli, Salmonella, E. faecalis, and E. faecium. The AMR phenotypes of isolated bacteria were determined using antimicrobial susceptibility testing and ESBL production, while bla_CTX-M and mcr genes were detected by PCR assays. ACCs in RMBD samples were higher than those in FCD samples. The RMBD products tested positive for 3GC-resistant E. coli (n = 40, 80.0%), Salmonella spp. (n = 35, 70.0%), E. faecalis (n = 50, 100%), and E. faecium (n = 42, 84.0%). All 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates were ESBL producers carrying bla_CTX-M group 1 and group 9. Among the Salmonella isolates, five ESBL-producing S. Infantis isolates carried bla_CTX-M group 9. Two ESBL-producing E. coli and seven Salmonella isolates exhibited colistin resistance. No vancomycin resistance was observed in the enterococcal isolates. These findings underscore the high prevalence of Salmonella and ESBL-producing E. coli in RMBD products, emphasising the potential health risks associated with RMBD consumption for pets. This study highlights the need for awareness and preventive measures to mitigate AMR spread through pet foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Impacts of Dietary Fats (Tallow and Palm Oil) on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Meat Fatty Acid Composition in Finishing Pigs.","authors":"Sarbani Biswas, In Ho Kim","doi":"10.1111/jpn.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our trial, we investigated the effects of including dietary fats, specifically tallow and palm oil (PO), on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. Additionally, we assessed their impact on backfat thickness, carcass grade, meat quality, and the fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat. In total, 160 finishing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an average body weight (BW) of 50.36 ± 1.59 kg ([16 replications/treatment, five pigs] [two gilts and three barrows]/treatment, 12-week trial) were arbitrarily distributed to 1 of 2 dietary treatments: TRT1, basal diet + tallow (2.8%); TRT2, basal diet + PO (2.8%). At Week 8, there was an increased average daily feed intake and decreased feed conversion ratio in the PO diet compared to the tallow diet (p < 0.05). The digestibility of nutrients, backfat thickness, and carcass grade did not change substantially (p > 0.05). The PO-included diet increased sensory evaluation and water holding capacity of meat compared to the tallow diet (p < 0.05). PO-supplemented pigs showed higher (p < 0.05) FA percentages of palmitoleic acid (C16:1), margaric acid (C17:0), arachidic acid (C20:3n3), ω-3 FA, ω-6: ω-3, ΣPUFA (polyunsaturated FA), and MUFA (monounsaturated FA) than the tallow diet. Moreover, the percentage of linoelaidic acid (C18:2n6t), ΣUSFA (unsaturated FA), and PUFA also tended to increase (p < 0.10) in the PO-included diet. In summary, the inclusion of PO in the diet positively influenced growth performance, meat quality, and the FA profile, indicating its potential as a beneficial fat supplement for finishing pigs. These results, obtained from a 12-week trial under controlled conditions, support the use of dietary PO to improve production performance in finishing pigs. However, further studies are necessary to investigate the long-term effects, dose-response relationships, and potential interactions with environmental and genetic factors under varied commercial conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of Amino Acids in Cereal Grain Products to Precision Feed Formulation for Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) Using a Digestibility Approach.","authors":"Danilo C Proença, Monaliza F Sena, Janaína G Araújo, Guilherme W Bueno, Igo G Guimarães","doi":"10.1111/jpn.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although cereal grain products have low protein content, they can contribute up to 25% of total protein in low-trophic level/omnivorous fish diets. Thus, understanding the amino acid contribution of these ingredients becomes crucial for meeting the dietary requirements of omnivorous fish. A digestible nutrient basis is essential for precise feed formulation. To address this, we conducted a digestibility trial to assess cereal grain products' gross nutrient and amino acid digestibility for tambaqui, a key species in Latin American aquaculture. Forty-eight tambaquis (400 ± 20 g) were randomly assigned to six 310 L aquaria connected to a recirculating system following a completely randomised block design with five treatments and four replicates. The fish were fed test diets consisting of a 70:30 mixture of the reference diet and test ingredients. Chromic oxide was used in all diets as the indigestible marker at 2 g kg^-1. Results were analysed using ANOVA, and significant differences (p < 0.05) were further assessed using the SNK multiple range test. Our findings revealed that corn and sorghum exhibited higher levels of amino acids and digestible energy than other ingredients. At the same time, broken rice showed the lowest amino acid digestibility and wheat middlings had the lowest digestible energy content. Overall, protein and amino acid digestibility in the feed ingredients ranged from 70% to 99%. These results indicate that tambaqui can efficiently digest plant proteins, even when sourced from carbohydrate-rich ingredients, underscoring the potential of these products in formulating cost-effective diets for this species.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144591213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ruminal Degradability and Intestinal Digestibility of Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.) Larvae Protein With Drying Methods and Chemical Treatments.","authors":"Selma Büyükkiliç Beyzi, Merve Ayan","doi":"10.1111/jpn.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the impact of drying methods and various chemical treatments on the ruminal protein degradability and the intestinal digestibility of mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor, TML). The TML was drying using oven-drying and freeze-drying (lyophilization) methods. Tannic acid and formaldehyde were applied to the TML. Tannic acid was applied at three doses (30, 60, and 90 g/kg of the dry matter content), or formaldehyde was used at a concentration of 0.8% of the crude protein content in the dry matter to treat TML. The in-situ nylon bag technique was employed to ascertain the degradability of protein in the rumen, while the in vitro method was used to determine the intestinal digestibility. Consequently, the freeze-drying technique significantly improved the protein content and the presence of essential amino acids in TML. The ruminal degradability of TML protein decreased in oven drying and chemical treatments, that mostly in formaldehyde treatment. The intestinal protein digestibility was improved in the oven-dried samples by chemical treatments. While freeze-drying is suggested to improve protein quality, it has been found that oven drying, formaldehyde treatment, or treatment with 90 g/kg tannic acid effectively increases the ratio of bypass protein and intestinal digestibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Application of Chitosan and Its Derivatives in Broiler Production-An Updated Overview.","authors":"Sugiharto Sugiharto, Chackrit Nuengjamnong","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ban on antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in poultry feeds has prompted a search for effective alternatives, one of which is chitosan, which has been studied for poultry health and growth benefits. Not only acting as an antibacterial agent, chitosan can also serve as an antioxidant, immunomodulator, toxin binder and growth promoter for broiler chickens. In addition, the use of chitosan can also improve the physiological conditions, carcass and meat characteristics of broiler chickens. There is currently no optimum level of chitosan as feed additive for broiler chickens. The level or proportion of use of chitosan and its derivatives as feed additives varies greatly from study to study, depending greatly on the types, characteristics, molecular weight, deacetylation degree, sources of chitosan, as well as conditions during the experiments. This review paper provides an updated overview regarding the potential application of chitosan and its derivatives in broiler production as an alternative to AGP.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Digestive System and Digestive Enzymes in the Marine Ornamental Fish White-Barred Goby Amblygobius phalaena.","authors":"Pei-Sheng Chiu, Jie Hsu, Shine-Wei Ho, Cheng-Hsuan Huang, Yen-Chun Lee, Yu-Hung Lin","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Analysing the development of a digestive system and enzyme activity is crucial for understanding the digestive physiology of larval fish and determining optimal feeding practices. The white-barred goby (Amblygobius phalaena), a popular marine ornamental fish, has established breeding and larval rearing techniques, but research on its digestive physiology remains limited, which is essential for enhancing commercial production efficiency. This study aimed to elucidate the histological structure of the digestive tract and changes in enzyme activity in white-barred goby larvae to understand the progression of their digestive functions, providing a foundation for future weaning studies. Histological observations revealed that 6-8 h before hatching, the digestive tract appeared as a simple straight tube, with the liver, pancreas and gallbladder already formed. Gastric glands developed by 35 days post-hatch (dph), at which point the larvae reached a total length of 15.70-18.50 mm. The stomach reached full development at 40 dph (20.11-25.12 mm). Analysis of digestive enzyme activity showed that the total activities of trypsin, amylase, lipase and pepsin in white-barred goby larvae gradually increased with growth. Lipase and pepsin specific activities peaked at 40 dph (19.58-25.13 mm). Based on these results, we recommend to introduce artificial feed starting from 35 dph (15.70-18.50 mm). The findings of this study are significant for improving larviculture and establishing the weaning time of white-barred goby larvae.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 6-Week Training Protocol Reduces Energy Consumption in Young Lusitano Horses Used in Dressage.","authors":"Clarisse Coelho, Carolina Vintem, Ana Sofia Silva, Catarina Santos, Ana Margarida Santos, Anderson Leite, Vinicius Souza, Renata Siqueira, Helio Cordeiro Manso Filho, Joana Simões","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present work aimed to evaluate the influence of a training programme on energy expenditure (EE), cost of transport (COT, cardiac beats to move the body mass during exercise) and metabolic power (Pmet) in young Purebred Lusitano horses used in dressage. With this purpose, nine male horses, ~4 years old, were evaluated before (M1) and after 6 weeks (M2) of a training programme that included 40-80 min of preparatory dressage exercises, 6×/week, individually adjusted. In M1 and M2, the animals were examined in a dressage field test (DFT), when heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR), body temperature (BT) and blood lactate were recorded. In DFT, the horses used a cardiac monitor (Polar H10) for calculation using the formulas: EE (J/kg/min) = 0.0566 × HR^1.9955, COT = (HR_effort-HR_basal)/kg/m × 10³ and Pmet (beats/min/kg) = (HR - 35)/min/kg. The training led to a significant reduction in EE (799.9 vs. 682.8 J/min; p = 0.037) and COT (0.73 vs. 0.59 bpm/kg/m × 10³; p = 0.042), without change in Pmet. Furthermore, a significant increase in peak of speed was observed (5.81 vs. 7.36 m/s; p = 0.0161). It was possible to conclude that the proposed training protocol led to greater efficiency in locomotion costs, with lower EE and COT values.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacillus-Enriched Zophobas morio Larvae Impact Performance, Digestibility, Immunity and Economics in Broilers.","authors":"Pervez Ali, Sarzamin Khan, Hanan Al-Khalaifah, Rafiullah, Rifat Ullah Khan, Shabana Naz, Ibrahim A Alhidary, Ala Abudabos","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for safe and effective alternatives to antibiotics in poultry production has intensified due to growing concerns over antimicrobial resistance and food safety. Postbiotics, derived from beneficial microorganisms, have emerged as promising candidates to enhance broiler health and performance. We evaluated the effects of Zophobas morio-based postbiotics on broiler chickens' growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immunity, intestinal health, and economic viability. Z. morio larvae were cultured with Lactobacillus acidophilus (3 × 10⁹ CFU/mL) in wheat bran to produce postbiotics. We used a total of 350 Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated into five groups, with one control group and four treatment groups supplemented with 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% or 0.8% Z. morio-based postbiotics. Treated groups exhibited significantly improved weight gain, nutrient digestibility, and apparent metabolisable energy compared to the control group. The microbial count of L. acidophilus increased significantly (p < 0.05), while pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella and E. coli decreased, particularly in the 0.8% postbiotic group. Intestinal morphology, including villus length and width and crypt depth, improved in postbiotic-supplemented groups. Additionally, carcass yield and economic returns were higher in the 0.8% treatment group. Immune responses were enhanced, with higher antibody titers against Newcastle disease (ND) at 0.6% and 0.8% inclusion levels. The study concluded that Z. morio-based postbiotics at the level of 0.8% positively influenced broiler growth performance by enhancing nutrient absorption, boosting immunity, and reducing pathogenic bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Benefits of Jerusalem Artichoke Tubers as a Prebiotic Supplement: Effects on Growth Performance, Rumen Environment and Serum Acute-Phase Proteins in Weaned Crossbred Calves.","authors":"Yancy Mary Issac, Ashok Kumar Pattanaik, Mokshata Gupta, Anju Kala, Sunil Ekanath Jadhav","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recognizing the critical importance of nutritional strategies during the crucial preweaning phase, our investigation focuses on the impact of supplementing Jerusalem artichoke tubers as a prebiotic, shedding light on its potential to drive optimal growth, rumen health and immunity of calves. Twenty-four 15-day-old calves, with an average body weight of 23.64 ± 0.57 kg, were randomly assigned to four groups. Group I served as the control (CON), receiving the basal diet (calf starter and green fodder) without any supplementation. The experimental groups, namely JAP 1, JAP 2 and JAP 3, received the basal diet supplemented with Jerusalem artichoke powder (JAP) at graded levels of 1%, 2% and 3%, respectively, for 60 days. The feeding trial continued for another 60 days, and we evaluated their growth performance, rumen fermentation, microbial enzymes and protozoa population at 120 days. Further, acute phase proteins like serum amyloid A, haptoglobin and fibrinogen were assessed at monthly intervals. The results demonstrated that calves receiving JAP exhibited improvements (p < 0.05) in weight gain, particularly in the JAP 3 group, indicating enhanced nutrient absorption during this critical preweaning period. Importantly, rumen pH remained stable (p > 0.05), while concentrations of propionate and butyrate increased significantly (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the rise (p < 0.05) in ruminal protease activity indicated enhanced protein degradation without disrupting essential rumen functions, including protozoan populations. Notably, acute phase proteins remained stable (p > 0.05), indicating a balanced inflammatory response. These findings highlight the promising potential of Jerusalem artichoke tuber as a natural prebiotic underscoring its efficacy when administered during the critical preweaning phase, strategically capitalizing on the developmental window before complete rumen maturation, thereby enhancing calf growth, reducing diarrhoea incidence, promoting rumen health and contributing to overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144142485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Different Levels of Ginger-Derived Liquid Protease on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Immune Organs and Gut pH in Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Syed Nasar Ali, Asad Sultan, Ziaul Islam, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair, Mikhlid H Almutairi, Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei, Rifat Ullah Khan, Shabana Naz, Demilade Israel Ibiwoye","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assessed the effects of ginger-derived liquid protease (GDPE) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gut health, and histology in broiler chickens (n = 360) over 35 days in a completely randomized design. Four dietary treatments were provided: a control diet and three test groups with varying GDPE concentrations (0.25 ml/kg, 0.5 ml/kg, and 1 ml/kg). Results showed that GDPE supplementation, especially at 0.5 ml/kg (GDPE2) and 1 ml/kg (GDPE3), significantly (p < 0.05) improved feed conversion ratio, dressing percentage, and immune organ weights. The highest (p < 0.05) weight gain occurred in GDPE2, while the lowest (p < 0.05) feed intake was observed in GDPE3. Supplementing with GDPE also reduced (p < 0.05) gut pH and enhanced (p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility, particularly ether extract. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME) increased with GDPE supplementation, reaching its peak in GDPE3 (p < 0.05). Overall, 1 ml/kg GDPE improved growth, nutrient digestibility, immune function, and gut health in broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}