Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Differences in Milk Production Efficiency and Physiology Between Lactating Holstein Cows and Yaks Born and Kept at About 4000 m of Altitude When Fed the Same Diet.","authors":"Xinyu Zhang, Michael Kreuzer, Mutian Niu, Shengli Li","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yaks (Bos grunniens) have developed numerous mechanisms to cope with hypoxic environments. Still, as their milk yield is low, the use of production systems building on dairy breeds at high altitude might increase efficiency, but this has not yet been explored. The purpose of the study was, therefore, to quantify the differences in performance and physiology between Bos taurus breeds and yaks when kept under hypoxic conditions for their entire lifetime. We compared 20 mid-lactating Holstein cows and yaks each born and kept at about 4000 m of altitude using exactly the same experimental diet. The Holstein cows produced 5.7 times as much energy-corrected milk (ECM) at a feed efficiency (kg ECM/kg dry matter intake) being 2.63 times that of the yaks (both p < 0.001). Ruminal ammonia (p < 0.001) and blood urea nitrogen concentrations (p = 0.008) were higher in Holstein cows than yaks. Neutral detergent fibre digestibility was lower (p = 0.017) in the Holstein cows (p < 0.001), but not organic matter digestibility. Their blood had lower haemoglobin, haematocrit, and red blood corpuscular indices (all p < 0.001), a higher respiratory rate (p < 0.001), lower O₂ saturation (95 vs. 99%; p = 0.001) and higher HCO^3- (p = 0.023) and total CO₂ levels (p = 0.005) than that of the yaks. Immune system-related traits did not differ, and most indicators of metabolic energy supply were similar in both animal types. In conclusion, the Holstein cows outcompeted the yaks in milk production efficiency at high altitude, but this at cost of mild hypoxia during lifetime and the problem that establishing this production system required a diet where all components had to be transported for long distances from the lowlands.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Two Different Feeding Strategies During Dry Period With Regard to Dry Matter Intake, Intermediary Metabolism and Certain Health Aspects of Dairy Cows in Germany.","authors":"Dana Carina Schubert, Kathrin Meetschen, Martin Pries, Sebastian Hoppe, Martin Holsteg, Hanna Rieger, Charlotte Vogel, Lothar Kreienbrock, Christian Visscher, Martin Höltershinken, Martina Hoedemaker, Josef Kamphues, Amr Abd El-Wahab","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dry cow feeding plays an essential role in dairy production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate two different dry cow feeding strategies regarding dry matter intake (DMI), metabolism and health aspects of dairy cows in the first 50 days after calving. One hundred and six primiparous (n = 35) and multiparous (n = 71) cows (German Holstein) were assigned to one of two different feeding regimes 6-8 weeks before expected parturition. Group one phase (1P) received a single-phase diet with 6.0 MJ NEL/kg DM. Group two phases (2P) received a two-phase diet. During first 4-6 weeks of dry period, cows were fed a diet containing 5.5 MJ NEL/kg DM, while during the 2 weeks before expected parturition, cows received the transition diet (6.6 MJ NEL/kg DM). Post-partum, all cows received the same ration (6.9 MJ NEL/kg DM) ad libitum. Considering the entire dry period, DMI was higher in the 1P multiparous (1P: 14.8 vs. 2P: 12.9 kg/day/animal, p < 0.001) and primiparous (1P: 12.0 vs. 2P: 9.90 kg/day/animal, p < 0.001) compared to 2P. During the whole trial, there were no differences in body weight and body condition score between treatments. No differences were observed in the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) between 1P and 2P multiparous. However, primiparous fed 1P showed higher serum NEFA levels during lactation period (1P: 611 vs. 2P: 425 µmol/L, p = 0.017) and higher BHB levels during preparation period compared to 2P (1P: 0.382 vs. 2P: 0.320 mmol/L, p = 0.016). The energy-corrected milk yield (ECM) in multiparous showed no significant differences between feeding treatments (38.0 and 37.1 kg for 1P and 2P, respectively), while in the case of primiparous, the ECM yield differed between feeding systems (27.5 and 23.9 kg for 1P and 2P, respectively, p = 0.030). Results indicate that in our conditions, the additional effort associated with two-phase feeding seems to have limited suitability for primiparous.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Enzymatic Hydrolysate of Cottonseed Protein on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Indexes and Fecal Volatile Fatty Acids of Weaned Piglets.","authors":"Jingjing Wang, Lizi Tang, Yongchao Wang, Yiyuan Xing, Guowu Chen, Qian Jiang, Jing Wang, Enkai Li, Bie Tan, Xiaokang Ma","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of enzymatic hydrolysate of cottonseed protein (EHCP) replacing soybean meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood indexes and fecal volatile fatty acid concentrations of weaned piglets. Thirty 'Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire' 28-day-old weaned piglets (male) with an initial body weight of 8.29 ± 0.76 kg were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups with 10 replicates per treatment and 1 pig per replicate. The control group was fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 2% 65%EHCP and 1.3% 85%EHCP to replace soybean meal, respectively. The experiment period was 21 days. Compared with the control group, the final body weight, average daily gain and average daily feed intake in 65%EHCP group and 85%EHCP group were significantly increased (p < 0.05); both the 65%EHCP and 85%EHCP groups exhibited significantly higher digestibility of energy and crude fat compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Notably, the energy digestibility in the 85%EHCP group was also significantly greater than that in the 65%EHCP group (p < 0.05). When compared to the control group, the blood urea nitrogen concentration was significantly lower in both the 65%EHCP and the 85%EHCP groups (p < 0.01). The concentrations of alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and tyrosine in serum were significantly higher in the 65%EHCP and 85%EHCP groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, in the 85%EHCP group, the concentrations of methionine and threonine in serum were significantly increased when compared to both the control group and the 65%EHCP group (p < 0.05). On the other hand, valine levels in the 65%EHCP group were significantly higher than in the 85%EHCP group (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, fecal acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total volatile fatty acid concentration in the 65%EHCP group and 85%EHCP group were significantly increased (p < 0.01). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of EHCP can improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood indexes and volatile fatty acids concentrations in feces of weaned piglets. This study suggests that EHCP can effectively substitute common soybean meal in the diets of weaned piglets and serves as a theoretical basis for its use in pig feeding practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrigenomic Potential of Mineral Nano-Particles to Modulate Poultry Health and Performance.","authors":"Abdullah Arsalan, Abd Ur Rehman, Hina Younus, Yuvaraj Ravikumar, Faiz-Ul Hassan, Muhammad Asif Arain, Jameel Ahmed Buzdar, Xianghui Qi","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanotechnology has revolutionized nutritional strategies in poultry production, offering innovative solutions to enhance health and performance. Minerals such as chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), selenium (Se), and iron (Fe) have been extensively studied for their effects on poultry growth, health, and feed efficiency. Among these, mineral nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as promising tools for optimizing nutrient bioavailability and offering promising nutrigenomic effects. Nanotechnology synergizes with nutrigenomics by delivering nutrients and bioactive compounds in nano-form with enhanced absorption and bioavailability. This review explores the nutrigenomic potential of MNPs in poultry, focusing on how these nanoscale particles can modulate gene expression, metabolic pathways, and cellular functions to optimize health outcomes. The bioactive properties of MNPs fasciliate targeted modulation of gene expression related to growth, immune function, stress response, and metabolic efficiency, leading to improved performance of birds. Additionally, MNPs have shown significant potential to enhance mineral absorption, antioxidant defense, gut health, and thermal tolerance, which are crucial to enhance productive performance of poultry. Integrating nanotechnology with nutrigenomics, MNPs offer a sustainable approach to addressing key challenges in poultry nutrition, such as nutrient deficiencies, heat stress, and disease susceptibility. This review highlights the potential of MNPs to interact with the poultry genome, influencing epigenetic mechanisms and improving overall health and productivity. Additionally, current study highlights the importance of exploring the intersection of nanotechnology, nutrition, and genomics to devise innovative strategies for optimizing poultry health and performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics and Functions of Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Rumen Microflora in Preweaning Lambs.","authors":"Haibi Zhao, Feng Lv, Guohua Liu, Xin Pang, Xiaoxia Han, Xiaojuan Wang","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>By gaining insight into the rumen microbiota of young lambs, feeding and management strategies of lambs can be optimized to enhance sheep performance. This study examined rumen development, rumen fermentation parameters, and microbial community composition at different stages of lamb growth, specifically on Days 7, 28, and 56. Rumen fermentation parameters, rumen development and rumen microflora of lambs at different days of age were comparatively analyzed. There were significant differences in rumen papilla length between D7, D28 and D56 (p < 0.001), and significant differences in rumen papilla width at D7 compared with D28 and D56 (p < 0.001); There were significant differences in rumen papilla length between D7, D28 and D56 (p < 0.001) and A/P (Acetic acid/Propionic acid) was significantly higher at D7 than D28 and 56 d (p < 0.001); 16S rRNA sequencing revealed distinct shifts in bacterial abundance: the abundance of Fusobacteria at D7 was significantly higher than that at D28 and D56 (p = 0.043); The abundance of Euryarchaeota was significantly higher at D28 than that at D7 (p = 0.023); The abundance of Cyanobacteria and Tenericutes was significantly higher at D56 than that at D7 (p = 0.011; p = 0.038), and the abundance of Melainabacteria was significantly higher at D56 than that at D7 and D28 (p = 0.034); At the genus level, the abundance of unidentified_Prevotellaceae was significantly higher at D28 and D56 than that at D7 (p = 0.036). Additionally, the abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly lower at D28 than that at D7 (p = 0.018); The abundance of Bacteroides was significantly lower at D56 than that in D7 (p = 0.033). In conclusion, with advancing age of lames, their rumen continued to develop, while the rumen microbiota began to stabilize.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143663597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Phytosterol Licking Blocks on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Rumen Fermentation in Tibetan Sheep.","authors":"Jian Zhao, Xinsheng Zhao, Jian Gao, Donghai Lv, Binqiang Bai, Yuhong Bao, Yingkui Yang, Guojun Zhao, Zuojiang Wang, Yanfen Cheng, Lizhuang Hao","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phytosterols are plant-derived natural compounds which resemble in structure with cholesterol. It has been demonstrated that phytosterols significantly affect growth regulation and antioxidant capacity in poultry and pigs; however, their role in ruminants remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of phytosterol lick blocks on growth performance, serum biochemical and rumen fermentation parameters in Tibetan sheep. Fifteen 5-month-old Tibetan sheep (29.16 ± 1.51 kg) were randomly assigned to three treatments: the control (supplemented with no lick blocks, CON), supplemented with basal lick blocks (BLB), or supplemented with phytosterol lick blocks (PLB); The experiment lasted for 64 days including a 14-day adaptation period. Average daily gain (p = 0.011) of Tibetan sheep in the PLB was higher than that in the CON and BLB, while the feed conversion ratio (p = 0.011) was lower. The digestibility of crude protein in the PLB and BLB was higher than that in the CON (p = 0.029). In addition, the PLB had higher total protein levels (p = 0.026) and lower malondialdehyde content (p = 0.037) in serum than other treatments. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.040) and superoxide dismutase (p = 0.024) in the PLB was higher than in the CON, but similar to that in the BLB. In terms of rumen fermentation parameters, Tibetan sheep in the PLB had higher microbial crude protein (p = 0.005) and propionate levels (p = 0.015) and had a lower acetate to propionate ratio (p < 0.001). The principal coordinate analysis based on Bray-Curtis distance showed significant separation between the microbial communities of the treatments (p = 0.008), but the alpha diversity did not change among the three treatments. The LEfSe analysis indicated that more bacterial genera were enriched in the PLB than that in the CON and BLB. In summary, the antioxidant capacity of phytosterols has been demonstrated in Tibetan sheep. It may increase the abundance of certain specific bacterial genera to enhance nutrient digestibility, leading to accelerate growth, without altering alpha diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic Reaction to Beta-Glucans in an Obese Dog: A Case Report of Confirmed and Suspected Sources.","authors":"Pedro Henrique Marchi, Mariana Dos Santos Miranda, Leonardo de Andrade Príncipe, Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon, Andressa Rodrigues Amaral, Cinthia Gonçalves Lenz Cesar, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Food allergy is defined as an abnormal immune system response to the ingestion of certain ingredients or food additives. Beta-glucans may support the management of obesity, particularly due to their immunomodulatory properties. However, the possible adverse reactions of this nutraceutical are little known. This report documents an allergic skin reaction in a 6-year-old obese mixed-breed dog after consuming 0.1% purified beta-1,3/1,6-glucans from Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and subsequent dermatological signs after ingesting beta-1,3-glucans from Euglena gracilis. The dog was enrolled in a clinical trial designed to evaluate the effects of two types of beta-glucans on digestive, immunological, and intestinal health in obese dogs. Three nutritionally similar extruded dry diets were utilized: a control (CTL) diet without beta-glucans, beta-glucan A (BGA) containing 0.1% beta-1,3/1,6-glucans, and beta-glucan B (BGB) with 0.1% beta-1,3-glucans. Initially, the dog was deemed healthy, with all clinical parameters being within normal ranges. After a 30-day adaptation period consuming the CTL diet, the dog was randomized to the BGA diet. Within 30 days, the owner reported intense pruritus, alopecia, and erythema in various areas. A nutritional consultation confirmed that the dog had never been exposed to beta-glucans before. The CTL diet was reinstated, resulting in symptom resolution within 1 week. Following a subsequent challenge with the BGA diet, dermatological manifestations reemerged after 14 days but again resolved after returning to the CTL diet. The owner then agreed to a challenge with the BGB diet, leading to the reappearance of clinical signs after 15 days. The CTL diet was reintroduced, resulting in symptom resolution within ten days. However, the owner declined further testing with the BGB diet. This case concludes that the dog exhibited allergic reactions to purified beta-1,3/1,6-glucans from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, while reactions to Euglena gracilis, although highly probable, remain unconfirmed due to the lack of a provocation test.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143615607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short Term Soft Pellet Diet Changes Intestinal Characteristics in Mice.","authors":"Karen Miyakawa, Jin Huang, Toru Tanaka, Ichiro Sakata","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet alters the function and composition of small intestinal epithelial cells, making the relationship between diet and the intestine a focus of much research. This study aimed to clarify the effects of a soft diet on the small intestine. We fed mice a soft pellet diet (SP) and a control hard pellet diet (CD) for 14 days and examined changes in the epithelial cells of the small intestine. We found that the body weights of SP-fed mice were lower than those of CD-fed mice. SP did not alter the length of the small intestine, crypt to villus, or the number of Paneth and Goblet cells, but decreased the expression of small intestinal epithelial cell markers. We also found that SP did not change the copy number of mitochondrial DNA, but decreased the mRNA expression of mitochondrial metabolism genes in SP-fed mice. In addition, we found that E-cadherin, a cell adhesion factor, was decreased in SP-fed mice and that the composition of their microbiota was different from that of CD mice. Our study suggests that SP may impair the homeostasis of small intestine epithelial cells, reinforcing the need for further research on how food texture affects intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress Responses to Changing Environmental Factors in the Domestic Animals: An Epigenetic Perspective.","authors":"Basavaraj Sajjanar, Narayanan Krishnaswamy, Vijay Kumar Saxena, Sujoy K Dhara","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extreme environmental variations act as stress factors that disturb homeostasis and reduce the fitness of animals. The outcomes of stress responses range from acclimation to adaptation of animals to stressors. Gene expression patterns shape the neuro-endocrine and cellular signalling involved in these stress responses. Epigenetic modifications are one of the major gene regulatory mechanisms that connect environmental factors and animal response. The dynamic as well as stable modes of epigenetic changes carry the memory of gene regulation at cellular and transgenerational levels. In this review, we highlight the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the domestication process, an adaptation to the captive environment and summarize recently identified epigenetic modifications that regulate responses to different environmental stress factors. We underline the possible role of developmentally stable epigenetic mechanisms as the basis for fetal programming methods such as thermal conditioning and prenatal nutritional interventions. These examples indicate the potential scope of understanding epigenetic regulations for improving environmental stress adaptation and performance in domestic animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Dill Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant/Immunological Parameters and Disease Resistance in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.","authors":"Morteza Yousefi, Maryam Aftabgard, Hamed Ghafarifarsani, Seyyed Morteza Hoseini, Ali Taheri Mirghaed, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar","doi":"10.1111/jpn.14112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpn.14112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of dietary dill essential oil (DEO) at concentrations of 0.5% (DEO0.5), 1% (DEO1), 2% (DEO2) and 3% (DEO3) on rainbow trout juveniles. A total of 300 healthy rainbow trout (20.70 ± 0.19 g), were fed for 60 days across five treatment groups: control, DEO0.5, DEO1, DEO2 and DEO3. The results revealed that the DEO1 and DEO2 treatments significantly improved the growth performance, intestinal enzymes activities, and serum levels of proteins, lysozyme (LYZ), alternative complement (ACH50), total immunoglobulin (total Ig) and antioxidant defence, compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). Notably, the levels of mucosal LYZ, total Ig, ACH50 and protease were significantly elevated in the DEO1 and DEO2 treatment groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the serum levels of lipids, cytosolic enzymes, glucose and cortisol were significantly lower in the DEO1, DEO2 and DEO3 treatment groups (p < 0.05). The DEO2 treatment group presented the lowest serum levels of stress indicators (cortisol and glucose) and cytosolic enzymes. Additionally, the survival in the DEO treatment groups 14 days after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) was significantly higher than that in the control group (p < 0.05), with the DEO2 treatment group showing the highest survivorship. Overall, this study indicates that incorporating DEO at concentrations of 1% and 2% into the diet can substantially enhance growth performance, digestive efficiency, biochemical profiles, immune-antioxidant activity, and resistance to A. hydrophila in rainbow trout juveniles.</p>","PeriodicalId":14942,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}