Journal de mycologie medicale最新文献

{"title":"Extensive primary cutaneous fusariosis in a patient with burns: A case report and review of the literature","authors":"Ju-Shao Yen ,&nbsp;Shu-Ying Chang ,&nbsp;Pei-Lun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><em>Fusarium</em></span><span><span> species can cause a broad spectrum of human infections, ranging from superficial and locally invasive to disseminated, depending on the immune status of the host and portal of entry. Although several cases of cutaneous fusariosis in burn victims have been reported, molecular identification for </span>pathogen recognition has been used only in a few cases.</span></p></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><p>In this report, we describe an uncommon case of extensive primary cutaneous fusariosis caused by <em>Fusarium keratoplasticum</em> in a patient who sustained injuries during stubble burning.</p></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><p><span><span><span>A review of cases of cutaneous fusariosis in burn victims revealed that this uncommon infection could be lethal, and treatment strategies should focus on both surgical </span>debridement and the initiation of systemic </span>antifungal therapy<span>. Furthermore, because skin defects can serve as a portal of entry for </span></span><em>Fusarium</em> species in burn victims, early and aggressive treatment is crucial to prevent serious consequences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"34 1","pages":"Article 101450"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135515525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal diseases in Africa: Closing the gaps in diagnosis and treatment through implementation research and advocacy","authors":"Felix Bongomin ,&nbsp;Bassey E. Ekeng ,&nbsp;Richard Kwizera ,&nbsp;Jon Salmanton-García ,&nbsp;Winnie Kibone ,&nbsp;Norman van Rhijn ,&nbsp;Nelesh P. Govender ,&nbsp;David B. Meya ,&nbsp;Iriagbonse I. Osaigbovo ,&nbsp;Davidson H. Hamer ,&nbsp;Rita Oladele ,&nbsp;David W. Denning","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fungal diseases impose an escalating burden on public health in Africa, exacerbated by issues such as delayed diagnosis, inadequate therapy, and limited access to healthcare resources, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Effectively tackling these challenges demands a comprehensive approach encompassing research, training, and advocacy initiatives. Recent clinical mycology surveys conducted by Global Action for Fungal Infection (GAFFI) and the European Confederation of Medical Mycology/International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (ECMM/ISHAM) have underscored gaps in fungal diagnostics and the availability and accessibility of antifungal therapy in Africa. The World Health Organization (WHO) Fungal Priority Pathogens List (FPPL) identifies fungi of critical or high importance to human health, providing a roadmap for action and highlighting the urgent need for prioritizing fungal diseases and developing targeted interventions within the African context. To enhance diagnosis and treatment, it is imperative to invest in comprehensive training programs for healthcare workers across all levels and disciplines. Equipping them with the necessary knowledge and skills will facilitate early detection, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate management of fungal infections. Moreover, implementation science research in medical mycology assumes a pivotal role in bridging the gap between knowledge and practice. By identifying the barriers and facilitators that influence the adoption of diagnostic techniques and public health interventions, tailored strategies can be formulated to improve their implementation within healthcare settings. Advocacy plays a critical role in raising awareness regarding the profound impact of fungal diseases on public health in Africa. Engaging policymakers, healthcare providers, researchers, industry experts and communities underscore the importance of addressing these diseases and galvanize efforts for change. Substantial investment in surveillance, research and development specifically focused on fungal diseases is indispensable for advancing our understanding of local epidemiology, developing effective interventions, and ultimately improving patient outcomes. In conclusion, closing the gaps in diagnosing and treating fungal diseases in Africa demands concerted research and advocacy initiatives to ensure better healthcare delivery, reduced mortality rates, and improved public health outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92042289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vivo efficiency of the novel azole compounds (ATTAF-1 and ATTAF-2) against systemic candidiasis in a murine model","authors":"Hamed Fakhim ,&nbsp;Afsane Vaezi ,&nbsp;Hamid Morovati ,&nbsp;Azadeh Bandegani ,&nbsp;Kiana Abbasi ,&nbsp;Saeed Emami ,&nbsp;Davood Nasiry ,&nbsp;Seyedeh Mahdieh Hashemi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ahangarkani ,&nbsp;Hamid Badali","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Antifungal resistance<span> is the main health concern in the control of invasive fungal infections<span>. This research was designed to further assess the antifungal activity<span> of aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio analogs of fluconazole (ATTAFs) against </span></span></span></span><span><em>Candida albicans</em></span><span> systemic candidiasis in the murine model.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><p>The murine model of systemic candidiasis was designed via the inoculation of 1 × 10⁶<span> CFU of </span><em>Candida albicans</em><span><span><span><span><span>. The treatment dosages of 3.5 and 35 mg/kg per day were selected for ATTAFs and fluconazole, respectively. The </span>median survival time (MST) was assayed for 30 days post-infection. The quantitative and qualitative (via </span>histopathology staining) fungal burden was also assessed. Furthermore, </span>immunohistochemistry and biochemistry assays were performed to monitor anti-inflammatory activity using the Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) marker and changes in </span>serum protein levels.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>ATTAFs considerably improved the survival of the murine model (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.003). Compared with fluconazole, the antifungal activity of ATTAFs and their MST showed no difference (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, these compounds decreased the fungal burden in the kidneys, spleen, and liver.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our research indicates that ATTAF-1 and ATTAF-2 are effective therapeutic agents due to their fungal clearing and increasing the MST in the murine model of systemic candidiasis. Although we concluded that these components are novel and promising candidates for the management of invasive candidiasis, further studies are warranted to correlate these findings with clinical outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miltefosine repositioning: A review of potential alternative antifungal therapy","authors":"Cristina de Castro Spadari ,&nbsp;Luana Pereira Borba-Santos ,&nbsp;Sonia Rozental ,&nbsp;Kelly Ishida","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Fungal infections<span><span><span> are a global health problem with high mortality and morbidity rates. Available </span>antifungal agents<span><span> have high toxicity and pharmacodynamic and </span>pharmacokinetic limitations. Moreover, the increased incidence of antifungal-resistant isolates and the emergence of intrinsically resistant species raise concerns about seeking alternatives for efficient </span></span>antifungal therapy<span>. In this context, we review literature data addressing the potential action of miltefosine (MFS), an anti-</span></span></span><span><em>Leishmania</em></span><span><span> and anticancer agent, as a </span>repositioning drug for antifungal treatment. Here, we highlight the </span><em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> data, MFS possible mechanisms of action, case reports, and nanocarrier-mediated MFS delivery, focusing on fungal infection therapy. Finally, many studies have demonstrated the promising antifungal action of MFS <em>in vitro</em><span><span>, but there is little or no data on antifungal activity in vertebrate animal models and </span>clinical trials, so have a need to develop more research for the repositioning of MFS as an antifungal therapy.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41130724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of aspergillosis among paediatric and adult inpatients: A multicentre study in a Brazilian metropolitan area","authors":"Antonio Camargo Martins ,&nbsp;Eliane Molina Psaltikidis ,&nbsp;Tiago Cristiano de Lima ,&nbsp;Renata Fagnani ,&nbsp;Hellen Caroline Alves Caldeira Gomide ,&nbsp;Flavio Henrique Gilli ,&nbsp;Angelica Zaninelli Schreiber ,&nbsp;Lucieni de Oliveira Conterno ,&nbsp;Tetsuhiro Matsuzawa ,&nbsp;Akira Watanabe ,&nbsp;Katsuhiko Kamei ,&nbsp;Silvia Regina Brandalise ,&nbsp;Plinio Trabasso ,&nbsp;Mariângela Ribeiro Resende ,&nbsp;Maria Luiza Moretti","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) is a disease of significant clinical relevance, especially among immunosuppressed patients, and is associated with high mortality rates. In this study, we evaluated the epidemiological features and clinical outcomes in children and adults with IA.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was an observational, multicentre, prospective surveillance study of inpatients with IA at two different hospitals in Campinas, Brazil, between 2018 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 44 patients were identified (54.5% males), with a median age of 42 years (interquartile range (IQR):19.25–59 years, varying between 1 and 89 years). The following baseline conditions were identified: 61.4% were oncohaematological patients and 20.5% were solid organ transplant recipients. Among oncohaematological patients, 77.8% exhibited severe or persistent neutropenia. The median time between the onset of neutropenia and the diagnosis of fungal infection<span><span> was 20 days (IQR: 10.5–26 days; range, 0–68 days). The interval between neutropenia onset and fungal infection was longer in paediatric than in general hospital (average, 29 vs. 13.4 days; median 26 vs 11 days; p=0.010). After the diagnosis of IA, the survival rates were 44.2% and 30.0% at 180 and 360 days, respectively. Survival was greater </span>in patients aged ≤ 21 years (p = 0.040; log-rank test). They observed no difference in IA mortality related to COVID-19 pandemic.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>High mortality associated with IA was observed in both hospitals. Individuals over the age of 21 have a lower survival rate than younger patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of prophylactic anidulafungin during remission induction of acute myeloid leukemia – A propensity-score matching analysis","authors":"Wellington Fernandes da Silva ,&nbsp;Fernanda Rodrigues Mendes ,&nbsp;Raphael da Costa Bandeira de Melo ,&nbsp;Elvira Deolinda Rodrigues Pereira Velloso ,&nbsp;Vanderson Rocha ,&nbsp;Eduardo Magalhaes Rego","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span><span>Invasive fungal infection<span> (IFI) accounts for substantial morbidity during the treatment of </span></span>acute myeloid leukemia<span> (AML) in adults. Antifungal prophylaxis (AP) is needed during intensive chemotherapy, and </span></span>posaconazole<span><span> is not widely available. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of prophylactic anidulafungin during intensive AML </span>remission induction.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a retrospective cohort encompassing newly diagnosed AML adult patients. All subjects received intensive chemotherapy and were divided into three groups: patients who did not receive any AP and patients who received fluconazole (150–400 mg/day) or anidulafungin (100 mg/day).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>During AML induction, 82 patients did not receive AP, 108 and 14 patients received anidulafungin and fluconazole, respectively. IFI incidence was 27%, classified as possible, probable, and proven in 65, 2 and 33%, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that lower neutrophil<span> counts are associated with IFI (OR = 2.8), whereas age, genetic classification, and lymphocyte counts were not. To examine the impact of anidulafungin in comparison with ‘no AP’, a </span></span>propensity score matching<span> analysis was performed. Use of anidulafungin was not related to less IFI during induction, while neutrophil counts remained significant. Patients under prophylactic anidulafungin received less amphotericin B (</span></span><em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001) but not voriconazole (</span><em>p</em> = 0.49).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the role of anidulafungin during AML induction. Here, the incidence of mold infections did not decrease with AP, suggesting that in a setting with a high incidence of IFI, broad spectrum AP might be more suitable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic aspergillosis associated with acute enterocolitis in foals","authors":"Mariana Rodrigues Trápaga ,&nbsp;Vanice Rodrigues Poester ,&nbsp;Mariana Andrade Mousquer ,&nbsp;Rafaela Pinto de Souza ,&nbsp;Leandro Américo Rafael ,&nbsp;Josiane Bonel ,&nbsp;Aryse Martins Melo ,&nbsp;Angelita Gomes Reis ,&nbsp;Renata Osorio de Faria ,&nbsp;David A. Stevens ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira ,&nbsp;Melissa Orzechowski Xavier","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Aspergillosis is an uncommon disease in horses, but it can be fatal. We report two cases of </span>systemic aspergillosis in foals that occurred in a short period in the same region of southern Brazil. In addition, a literature review of similar cases was also performed. Risk factors were attributed to an immunodepression by primary </span>enterocolitis<span> and corticosteroid treatment, the damage in the epithelium, and multiple antibacterial treatments, which allowed local fungal proliferation, tissue invasion and spread of infection, leading to death. Since the antemortem diagnosis of aspergillosis in foals is difficult, our report alerts equine veterinarians regarding the importance of suspecting and investigating fungal co-infections in complicated cases of enterocolitis.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10245551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autochthonous case of Trichophyton indotineae in Kuwait","authors":"Yousef Dashti ,&nbsp;Khaled Alobaid ,&nbsp;Shahad Al-Rashidi ,&nbsp;Maryam Dashti ,&nbsp;Moustafa Hussain AbdulMoneim ,&nbsp;Manar Al-Enezi ,&nbsp;Nissrine Abou-Chakra ,&nbsp;Karin Meinike Jørgensen","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Trichophyton</em><em> indotineae</em></span><span><span> is an emerging dermatophyte that has remarkable impact on </span>public health<span><span> worldwide. In addition to producing severe extensive skin lesions, this species is frequently resistant to </span>terbinafine<span>, used as a first line agent. As a result, the infection is often refractory, making treatment very challenging. The current report describes the first case of </span></span></span><em>Trichophyton indotineae</em><span><span> infection in Kuwait. The infected woman had no recent travel history. She failed to respond to several courses of antifungals, but finally responded to </span>voriconazole. The report suggests that </span><em>T. indotineae</em> is under recognised, hence, active surveillance of dermatophytes is warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10209870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors against Cryptococcus spp. and their possible mechanism of action","authors":"Cecília Rocha da Silva ,&nbsp;Livia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá ,&nbsp;Thais Lima Ferreira ,&nbsp;Amanda Cavalcante Leitão ,&nbsp;Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral ,&nbsp;Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Amanda Dias Barbosa ,&nbsp;Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira ,&nbsp;Hugo Leonardo Pereira Filho ,&nbsp;João Batista de Andrade Neto ,&nbsp;Maria Erivanda França Rios ,&nbsp;Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti ,&nbsp;Hemerson Iury Ferreira Magalhães ,&nbsp;Manoel Odorico de Moraes ,&nbsp;Hélio Vitoriano Nobre","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Fungal infections caused by </span><span><em>Cryptococcus</em></span><span> spp. pose a threat to health, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The available arsenal of drugs<span> against cryptococcosis<span> is limited, due to their toxicity and/or lack of accessibility in low-income countries, requiring more therapeutic alternatives. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors<span><span> (SSRIs), through drug repositioning, are a promising alternative to broaden the range of new </span>antifungals against </span></span></span></span><em>Cryptococcus</em><span><span><span> spp. This study evaluates the antifungal activity of three SSRIs, </span>sertraline, paroxetine, and </span>fluoxetine, against </span><em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. strains, as well as assesses their possible mechanism of action. Seven strains of <em>Cryptococcus</em><span><span> spp. were used. Sensitivity to SSRIs, fluconazole, and </span>itraconazole<span><span> was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay. The interactions resulting from combinations of SSRIs and </span>azoles were investigated using the checkerboard assay. The possible action mechanism of SSRIs against </span></span><em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. was evaluated through flow cytometry assays. The SSRIs exhibited <em>in vitro</em> antifungal activity against <em>Cryptococcus</em><span> spp. strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 2 to 32 μg/mL, and had synergistic and additive interactions with azoles. The mechanism of action of SSRIs against </span><em>Cryptococcus</em><span> spp. involved damage to the mitochondrial membrane<span><span> and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species<span>, resulting in loss of cellular viability and </span></span>apoptotic cell death. Fluoxetine also was able to cause significant damage to yeast DNA. These findings demonstrate the </span></span><em>in vitro</em> antifungal potential of SSRIs against <em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. strains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10209877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of protoplasts provides a powerful experimental research tool for biological and pathogenicity studies of Pythium insidiosum","authors":"Pattarana Sae-Chew ,&nbsp;Thidarat Rujirawat ,&nbsp;Tassanee Lohnoo ,&nbsp;Wanta Yingyong ,&nbsp;Yothin Kumsang ,&nbsp;Penpan Payattikul ,&nbsp;Nichapat Yurayart ,&nbsp;Chompoonek Yurayart ,&nbsp;Theerapong Krajaejun","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>Pythiosis is a high-mortality infectious condition in humans and animals. The etiologic agent is </span><span><em>Pythium insidiosum</em></span><span>. Patients present with an ocular, vascular, cutaneous/subcutaneous, or gastrointestinal infection<span>. Antifungal medication often fails to fight against </span></span><em>P. insidiosum</em><span>. The effective treatment is limited to radical surgery, resulting in organ loss. Fatal outcomes are observed in advanced cases. Pythiosis needs to be studied to discover novel methods for disease control. Genome data of </span><em>P. insidiosum</em> is publicly available. However, information on <em>P. insidiosum</em><span> biology and pathogenicity is still limited due to the lack of a cost-effective animal model and molecular tools.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We aimed to develop a high-efficiency protocol for generating <em>P. insidiosum</em><span> protoplast, and used it to set up an animal model, </span><em>in vitro</em><span> drug susceptibility assay, and DNA transformation for this pathogen.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>P. insidiosum</em> protoplast was successfully generated to establish a feasible pythiosis model in embryonic chicken eggs and an efficient <em>in vitro</em> drug susceptibility assay. DNA transformation is a critical method for gene manipulation necessary for functional genetic studies in pathogens. Attempts to establish a DNA transformation method for <em>P. insidiosum</em> using protoplast were partly successful. Significant work needs to be done for genetically engineering a more robust selection marker to generate stable transformants at increased efficiency.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study is the first to report an efficient <em>P. insidiosum</em> protoplast production for clinical and research applications. Such advances are crucial to speeding up the pathogen's biology and pathogenicity exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10179048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}