Journal de mycologie medicale最新文献

{"title":"In-vivo efficiency of the novel azole compounds (ATTAF-1 and ATTAF-2) against systemic candidiasis in a murine model","authors":"Hamed Fakhim ,&nbsp;Afsane Vaezi ,&nbsp;Hamid Morovati ,&nbsp;Azadeh Bandegani ,&nbsp;Kiana Abbasi ,&nbsp;Saeed Emami ,&nbsp;Davood Nasiry ,&nbsp;Seyedeh Mahdieh Hashemi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ahangarkani ,&nbsp;Hamid Badali","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Antifungal resistance<span> is the main health concern in the control of invasive fungal infections<span>. This research was designed to further assess the antifungal activity<span> of aryl-1,2,4-triazole-3-ylthio analogs of fluconazole (ATTAFs) against </span></span></span></span><span><em>Candida albicans</em></span><span> systemic candidiasis in the murine model.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><p>The murine model of systemic candidiasis was designed via the inoculation of 1 × 10⁶<span> CFU of </span><em>Candida albicans</em><span><span><span><span><span>. The treatment dosages of 3.5 and 35 mg/kg per day were selected for ATTAFs and fluconazole, respectively. The </span>median survival time (MST) was assayed for 30 days post-infection. The quantitative and qualitative (via </span>histopathology staining) fungal burden was also assessed. Furthermore, </span>immunohistochemistry and biochemistry assays were performed to monitor anti-inflammatory activity using the Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) marker and changes in </span>serum protein levels.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>ATTAFs considerably improved the survival of the murine model (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.003). Compared with fluconazole, the antifungal activity of ATTAFs and their MST showed no difference (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, these compounds decreased the fungal burden in the kidneys, spleen, and liver.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our research indicates that ATTAF-1 and ATTAF-2 are effective therapeutic agents due to their fungal clearing and increasing the MST in the murine model of systemic candidiasis. Although we concluded that these components are novel and promising candidates for the management of invasive candidiasis, further studies are warranted to correlate these findings with clinical outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101437"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miltefosine repositioning: A review of potential alternative antifungal therapy","authors":"Cristina de Castro Spadari ,&nbsp;Luana Pereira Borba-Santos ,&nbsp;Sonia Rozental ,&nbsp;Kelly Ishida","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Fungal infections<span><span><span> are a global health problem with high mortality and morbidity rates. Available </span>antifungal agents<span><span> have high toxicity and pharmacodynamic and </span>pharmacokinetic limitations. Moreover, the increased incidence of antifungal-resistant isolates and the emergence of intrinsically resistant species raise concerns about seeking alternatives for efficient </span></span>antifungal therapy<span>. In this context, we review literature data addressing the potential action of miltefosine (MFS), an anti-</span></span></span><span><em>Leishmania</em></span><span><span> and anticancer agent, as a </span>repositioning drug for antifungal treatment. Here, we highlight the </span><em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> data, MFS possible mechanisms of action, case reports, and nanocarrier-mediated MFS delivery, focusing on fungal infection therapy. Finally, many studies have demonstrated the promising antifungal action of MFS <em>in vitro</em><span><span>, but there is little or no data on antifungal activity in vertebrate animal models and </span>clinical trials, so have a need to develop more research for the repositioning of MFS as an antifungal therapy.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101436"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41130724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of aspergillosis among paediatric and adult inpatients: A multicentre study in a Brazilian metropolitan area","authors":"Antonio Camargo Martins ,&nbsp;Eliane Molina Psaltikidis ,&nbsp;Tiago Cristiano de Lima ,&nbsp;Renata Fagnani ,&nbsp;Hellen Caroline Alves Caldeira Gomide ,&nbsp;Flavio Henrique Gilli ,&nbsp;Angelica Zaninelli Schreiber ,&nbsp;Lucieni de Oliveira Conterno ,&nbsp;Tetsuhiro Matsuzawa ,&nbsp;Akira Watanabe ,&nbsp;Katsuhiko Kamei ,&nbsp;Silvia Regina Brandalise ,&nbsp;Plinio Trabasso ,&nbsp;Mariângela Ribeiro Resende ,&nbsp;Maria Luiza Moretti","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Invasive Aspergillosis (IA) is a disease of significant clinical relevance, especially among immunosuppressed patients, and is associated with high mortality rates. In this study, we evaluated the epidemiological features and clinical outcomes in children and adults with IA.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was an observational, multicentre, prospective surveillance study of inpatients with IA at two different hospitals in Campinas, Brazil, between 2018 and 2021.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 44 patients were identified (54.5% males), with a median age of 42 years (interquartile range (IQR):19.25–59 years, varying between 1 and 89 years). The following baseline conditions were identified: 61.4% were oncohaematological patients and 20.5% were solid organ transplant recipients. Among oncohaematological patients, 77.8% exhibited severe or persistent neutropenia. The median time between the onset of neutropenia and the diagnosis of fungal infection<span><span> was 20 days (IQR: 10.5–26 days; range, 0–68 days). The interval between neutropenia onset and fungal infection was longer in paediatric than in general hospital (average, 29 vs. 13.4 days; median 26 vs 11 days; p=0.010). After the diagnosis of IA, the survival rates were 44.2% and 30.0% at 180 and 360 days, respectively. Survival was greater </span>in patients aged ≤ 21 years (p = 0.040; log-rank test). They observed no difference in IA mortality related to COVID-19 pandemic.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>High mortality associated with IA was observed in both hospitals. Individuals over the age of 21 have a lower survival rate than younger patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of prophylactic anidulafungin during remission induction of acute myeloid leukemia – A propensity-score matching analysis","authors":"Wellington Fernandes da Silva ,&nbsp;Fernanda Rodrigues Mendes ,&nbsp;Raphael da Costa Bandeira de Melo ,&nbsp;Elvira Deolinda Rodrigues Pereira Velloso ,&nbsp;Vanderson Rocha ,&nbsp;Eduardo Magalhaes Rego","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span><span>Invasive fungal infection<span> (IFI) accounts for substantial morbidity during the treatment of </span></span>acute myeloid leukemia<span> (AML) in adults. Antifungal prophylaxis (AP) is needed during intensive chemotherapy, and </span></span>posaconazole<span><span> is not widely available. In this study, we aimed to examine the impact of prophylactic anidulafungin during intensive AML </span>remission induction.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a retrospective cohort encompassing newly diagnosed AML adult patients. All subjects received intensive chemotherapy and were divided into three groups: patients who did not receive any AP and patients who received fluconazole (150–400 mg/day) or anidulafungin (100 mg/day).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span>During AML induction, 82 patients did not receive AP, 108 and 14 patients received anidulafungin and fluconazole, respectively. IFI incidence was 27%, classified as possible, probable, and proven in 65, 2 and 33%, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that lower neutrophil<span> counts are associated with IFI (OR = 2.8), whereas age, genetic classification, and lymphocyte counts were not. To examine the impact of anidulafungin in comparison with ‘no AP’, a </span></span>propensity score matching<span> analysis was performed. Use of anidulafungin was not related to less IFI during induction, while neutrophil counts remained significant. Patients under prophylactic anidulafungin received less amphotericin B (</span></span><em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.001) but not voriconazole (</span><em>p</em> = 0.49).</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>To our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the role of anidulafungin during AML induction. Here, the incidence of mold infections did not decrease with AP, suggesting that in a setting with a high incidence of IFI, broad spectrum AP might be more suitable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101434"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic aspergillosis associated with acute enterocolitis in foals","authors":"Mariana Rodrigues Trápaga ,&nbsp;Vanice Rodrigues Poester ,&nbsp;Mariana Andrade Mousquer ,&nbsp;Rafaela Pinto de Souza ,&nbsp;Leandro Américo Rafael ,&nbsp;Josiane Bonel ,&nbsp;Aryse Martins Melo ,&nbsp;Angelita Gomes Reis ,&nbsp;Renata Osorio de Faria ,&nbsp;David A. Stevens ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Wayne Nogueira ,&nbsp;Melissa Orzechowski Xavier","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Aspergillosis is an uncommon disease in horses, but it can be fatal. We report two cases of </span>systemic aspergillosis in foals that occurred in a short period in the same region of southern Brazil. In addition, a literature review of similar cases was also performed. Risk factors were attributed to an immunodepression by primary </span>enterocolitis<span> and corticosteroid treatment, the damage in the epithelium, and multiple antibacterial treatments, which allowed local fungal proliferation, tissue invasion and spread of infection, leading to death. Since the antemortem diagnosis of aspergillosis in foals is difficult, our report alerts equine veterinarians regarding the importance of suspecting and investigating fungal co-infections in complicated cases of enterocolitis.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10245551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autochthonous case of Trichophyton indotineae in Kuwait","authors":"Yousef Dashti ,&nbsp;Khaled Alobaid ,&nbsp;Shahad Al-Rashidi ,&nbsp;Maryam Dashti ,&nbsp;Moustafa Hussain AbdulMoneim ,&nbsp;Manar Al-Enezi ,&nbsp;Nissrine Abou-Chakra ,&nbsp;Karin Meinike Jørgensen","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><em>Trichophyton</em><em> indotineae</em></span><span><span> is an emerging dermatophyte that has remarkable impact on </span>public health<span><span> worldwide. In addition to producing severe extensive skin lesions, this species is frequently resistant to </span>terbinafine<span>, used as a first line agent. As a result, the infection is often refractory, making treatment very challenging. The current report describes the first case of </span></span></span><em>Trichophyton indotineae</em><span><span> infection in Kuwait. The infected woman had no recent travel history. She failed to respond to several courses of antifungals, but finally responded to </span>voriconazole. The report suggests that </span><em>T. indotineae</em> is under recognised, hence, active surveillance of dermatophytes is warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10209870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors against Cryptococcus spp. and their possible mechanism of action","authors":"Cecília Rocha da Silva ,&nbsp;Livia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá ,&nbsp;Thais Lima Ferreira ,&nbsp;Amanda Cavalcante Leitão ,&nbsp;Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral ,&nbsp;Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Amanda Dias Barbosa ,&nbsp;Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira ,&nbsp;Hugo Leonardo Pereira Filho ,&nbsp;João Batista de Andrade Neto ,&nbsp;Maria Erivanda França Rios ,&nbsp;Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti ,&nbsp;Hemerson Iury Ferreira Magalhães ,&nbsp;Manoel Odorico de Moraes ,&nbsp;Hélio Vitoriano Nobre","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Fungal infections caused by </span><span><em>Cryptococcus</em></span><span> spp. pose a threat to health, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The available arsenal of drugs<span> against cryptococcosis<span> is limited, due to their toxicity and/or lack of accessibility in low-income countries, requiring more therapeutic alternatives. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors<span><span> (SSRIs), through drug repositioning, are a promising alternative to broaden the range of new </span>antifungals against </span></span></span></span><em>Cryptococcus</em><span><span><span> spp. This study evaluates the antifungal activity of three SSRIs, </span>sertraline, paroxetine, and </span>fluoxetine, against </span><em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. strains, as well as assesses their possible mechanism of action. Seven strains of <em>Cryptococcus</em><span><span> spp. were used. Sensitivity to SSRIs, fluconazole, and </span>itraconazole<span><span> was evaluated using the broth microdilution assay. The interactions resulting from combinations of SSRIs and </span>azoles were investigated using the checkerboard assay. The possible action mechanism of SSRIs against </span></span><em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. was evaluated through flow cytometry assays. The SSRIs exhibited <em>in vitro</em> antifungal activity against <em>Cryptococcus</em><span> spp. strains, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 2 to 32 μg/mL, and had synergistic and additive interactions with azoles. The mechanism of action of SSRIs against </span><em>Cryptococcus</em><span> spp. involved damage to the mitochondrial membrane<span><span> and increasing the production of reactive oxygen species<span>, resulting in loss of cellular viability and </span></span>apoptotic cell death. Fluoxetine also was able to cause significant damage to yeast DNA. These findings demonstrate the </span></span><em>in vitro</em> antifungal potential of SSRIs against <em>Cryptococcus</em> spp. strains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10209877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of protoplasts provides a powerful experimental research tool for biological and pathogenicity studies of Pythium insidiosum","authors":"Pattarana Sae-Chew ,&nbsp;Thidarat Rujirawat ,&nbsp;Tassanee Lohnoo ,&nbsp;Wanta Yingyong ,&nbsp;Yothin Kumsang ,&nbsp;Penpan Payattikul ,&nbsp;Nichapat Yurayart ,&nbsp;Chompoonek Yurayart ,&nbsp;Theerapong Krajaejun","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>Pythiosis is a high-mortality infectious condition in humans and animals. The etiologic agent is </span><span><em>Pythium insidiosum</em></span><span>. Patients present with an ocular, vascular, cutaneous/subcutaneous, or gastrointestinal infection<span>. Antifungal medication often fails to fight against </span></span><em>P. insidiosum</em><span>. The effective treatment is limited to radical surgery, resulting in organ loss. Fatal outcomes are observed in advanced cases. Pythiosis needs to be studied to discover novel methods for disease control. Genome data of </span><em>P. insidiosum</em> is publicly available. However, information on <em>P. insidiosum</em><span> biology and pathogenicity is still limited due to the lack of a cost-effective animal model and molecular tools.</span></p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We aimed to develop a high-efficiency protocol for generating <em>P. insidiosum</em><span> protoplast, and used it to set up an animal model, </span><em>in vitro</em><span> drug susceptibility assay, and DNA transformation for this pathogen.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><em>P. insidiosum</em> protoplast was successfully generated to establish a feasible pythiosis model in embryonic chicken eggs and an efficient <em>in vitro</em> drug susceptibility assay. DNA transformation is a critical method for gene manipulation necessary for functional genetic studies in pathogens. Attempts to establish a DNA transformation method for <em>P. insidiosum</em> using protoplast were partly successful. Significant work needs to be done for genetically engineering a more robust selection marker to generate stable transformants at increased efficiency.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study is the first to report an efficient <em>P. insidiosum</em> protoplast production for clinical and research applications. Such advances are crucial to speeding up the pathogen's biology and pathogenicity exploration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101430"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10179048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, molecular characterization, and antifungal susceptibility of Cyberlindnera fabianii strains isolated from urinary tract","authors":"Fatma Mutlu Sariguzel ,&nbsp;Gamze Kalin Unuvar ,&nbsp;Osman Kucukoglu ,&nbsp;Omur Mustafa Parkan ,&nbsp;Ayse Nedret Koc","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p><em>Cyberlindnera fabianii</em> is an opportunistic pathogen isolated from clinical specimens. It can be incorrectly identified as <em>Candida utulis</em> by phenotypic methods. This study aimed to accurately identify <em>Cy.fabianii</em> strains isolated from the urinary tract, and to determine their molecular characterization and antifungal susceptibilities as well.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-nine yeast strains isolated from urinary tract samples were studied. Strains were identified by phenotypically, sequence analysis and MALDI-TOF MS. Sequence analysis using different gene regions (ITS1-2,D1/D2,EF-1-alpha) in ribosomal DNA was performed for the molecular analysis. Phylogenetic analysis was done by the neighbor-joining method. Antifungal susceptibilities of strains were determined for nine antifungals by reference broth microdilution and the Sensititre YeastOne broth microdilution method (Sensititre^TMYeastOne^TMAST Plate, Thermo Fisher Scientific™,USA) according to CLSI M60-Ed2 recommendations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All strains were identified as <em>C.utulis</em> phenotypically by conventional methods, however all strains were identified as <em>Cy.fabianii</em> by sequence analysis and MALDI-TOF MS. It was observed that the gene regions examined in terms of determining evolutionary relatedness did not show intraspecies nucleotide variations. In all strains, the MIC50/MIC90 values for fluconazole were higher than the other antifungals tested.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><em>Cy.fabianii</em> should be considered in fluconazole-resistant urinary tract yeast infections. Although conventional phenotypical methods were insufficient to identify <em>Cy.fabianii,</em> it could be correctly identified with sequence analysis using different gene regions (ITS1-2,D1/D2,EF-1-alpha) in ribosomal DNA and MALDI-TOF MS.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of antifungal susceptibility and sequence types within Cryptococcus neoformans VNI from HIV patients, and ERG11 gene polymorphism","authors":"Bive Zono Bive ,&nbsp;Rosalie Sacheli ,&nbsp;Celestin Nzanzu Mudogo ,&nbsp;Pius Kabututu Zakayi ,&nbsp;Sébastien Bontems ,&nbsp;Georges Mvumbi Lelo ,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Hayette","doi":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>Here we tested the correlation between minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of major antifungal agents and sequence types (STs) within </span><span><em>Cryptococcus neoformans</em></span> VNI isolates, and explored the <em>ERG11</em> gene of included strains.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We analysed 23 <em>C. neoformans</em> strains categorised into two groups according to the distribution of the ST profile in Kinshasa clinics (Democratic Republic of Congo): major ST [ST93 (<em>n</em> = 15)], and less common STs [ST659 (<em>n</em> = 2), ST5 (<em>n</em> = 2), ST4 (<em>n</em> = 1), ST 53 (<em>n</em> = 1), ST31 (<em>n</em> = 1), and ST69 (<em>n</em><span> = 1)]. The MICs of the major antifungal agents [amphotericin B (AMB), 5-fluorocytosine (5FC) and fluconazole<span> (FCZ)] were determined following EUCAST guidelines. </span></span><em>ERG11</em> gene sequences were extracted from whole genome sequence of the isolates and compared with the wild-type gene sequence of the <em>C. neoformans</em> VNI.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Although major ST isolates appeared to have lower median MICs for AMB and 5FU than less common ST isolates (0.50 vs. 0.75 mg/L for AMB, 2 vs. 4 mg/L for 5FU, respectively), FCZ susceptibility was similar in both groups (4 mg/L) (<em>p</em>-value &gt;0.05). The susceptibility profile of <em>C. neoformans</em> strains separately considered did not significantly affect the patients’ clinical outcomes (<em>p</em>-value &gt;0.05). Furthermore, two structural modalities of the <em>ERG11</em> gene were observed: (1) that of the reference gene, and (2) that containing two exonic silent point substitutions, and one intronic point substitution located in a sequence potentially involved in pre-mRNA splicing (c.337-22C &gt; T); with no association with the MICs of the isolates (<em>p</em>-value &gt;0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The lack of association/correlation found in this study calls for further investigations to better understand the mechanisms of <em>C. neoformans</em> resistance to antifungal agents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":14824,"journal":{"name":"Journal de mycologie medicale","volume":"33 4","pages":"Article 101428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10483309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}